Magnetic resonance imaging of hydatid cyst in skeletal muscle

Primary muscular hydadit cyst: Case report

Primary hydatid disease of the skeletal muscle without systemic involvement is rare. Since the infection appears on clinical examination to be a soft-tissue tumor. It is important to have a preoperative radiological evaluation, particularly with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to avoid biopsy or improper cyst management during surgery. We present a unique case of a primary hydatid cyst manifesting as an expanding soft-tissue mass in a 31-year-old woman's left thigh with magnetic resonance imaging revealed a very suggestive aspect of hydatid cyst in the adductor muscles and shows the interaction between cysts and nearby structures. The cyst was surgically removed, and macroscopic and microscopic histopathological examinations confirmed the diagnosis of muscular hydatidosis.

Hydatid cyst in the biceps and gluteus muscles: case report

BACKGROUND

Primary hydatid disease in the muscle is extremely rare. Usually, intramuscular hydatid cysts are secondary, resulting either from the spread of cysts spontaneously or after operations for hydatidosis in distant regions.

METHODS

Report of two unusual cases of primary hydatid cysts in the gluteus and biceps brachii muscles, behaving as enlarging soft-tissue tumors, with review of the pertinent English-language literature.

RESULTS

Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound examinations revealed an intramuscular cyst in the anterior aspect of one patient's biceps brachii and the other patient's gluteus maximus muscle; and no cyst existed in any other location. The cysts were excised totally, and the diagnosis of muscular hydatidosis was confirmed by histopathologic examination. In followup of two years after the operation, there has been no recurrence in either patient.

CONCLUSION

In geographic regions where hydatidosis is endemic, hydatid cyst should be included in the differential diagnosis of a cystic mass in the muscle to avoid fine-needle biopsy and the consequences of spillage of cyst contents.

Diagnosis and percutaneous treatment of soft-tissue hydatid cysts

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate and discuss the radiological features of four patients with muscular hydatid disease and to evaluate the results of percutaneous treatment in these patients. Four patients (three female and one male) with six muscular hydatid cysts underwent percutaneous treatment and were followed up. The mean age of patients was 35 years (range: 12-60 years). Type I (n = 2), type II (n = 1), and type III (n = 3) hydatid cysts were observed in the thigh (n = 3) and gluteal (n = 1) region on radiologic examination. All interventions were performed under sonographic and fluoroscopic guidance. According to the type of the cyst, the procedure was carried out by either a "catheterization technique with hypertonic saline and alcohol" or a "modified catheterization technique." The mean cathaterization time was 13.7 days, ranging from 1 to 54 days. The dimensions of the residual cavity were noted at every sonographic control, and an average of 96.1% volume reduction was obtained in six cysts of four patients. No sign of viability was observed during the follow-up period. Cavity infection and cellulitis were observed as complications, which resolved after medical therapy. Percutaneous treatment is a safe and effective procedure in patients with soft-tissue hydatid cysts and should be considered as a serious alternative to surgery.

An unusual case: Ruptured and infected primary muscle cystic echinococcosis

There are few case reports of primary muscle cystic echinococcosis in which a hot abscess developed at the site of the cyst following its perforation. Here, the author presents a 23-year-old female with a hydatid cyst of more than 15 years’ duration in her right quadriceps muscle. The cyst did not cause any complaints for years and grew very slowly, but eventually became infected and perforated. A large hot abscess was formed at its site. The patient was managed successfully by surgical and medical treatments. She was assessed carefully for clinical, radiological, surgical and histopathological findings. Investigations were made to differentiate the condition from classical hot abscesses and other soft tissue masses. In T1-and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images, a hypointense membranous structure (the perforated rim) within the mass of the lesion was significant for its differential diagnosis. In conclusion, especially in endemic regions, magnetic resonance imaging is a valuable tool in differentiating soft tissue cystic echinococcosis in the presence of infected and rapidly enlarging masses after long periods of dormancy.

Localisation cervico-thoracique d’un kyste hydatique

The authors report a case of cervico-thoracic region hydatid cyst suspected by the presence of a palpable right lower neck mass. This location is very rare. Neck ultrasound and computed tomography showed the cyst. Magnetic resonance imaging can be useful for diagnosis and provided the best anatomo-topographic evaluation before surgery.

Primary hydatidosis of the gracilis muscle in a girl

Primary muscle hydatidosis is very rare. Rupture and spreading of the cyst contents by improper handling may later cause secondary cyst or allergic reactions. Preoperative recognition of a hydatid cyst is therefore critical. It often presents as a soft-tissue mass, however, and pre-operative recognition of this rare entity is clearly difficult. Here, a case of primary hydatidosis affecting the gracilis muscle is presented, and the magnetic resonance imaging, clinical and pathological findings are described.

Primary muscle hydatidosis of the thigh: management of a complicated case with combination adjunctive albendazole and praziquantel chemotherapy

A patient had primary muscle hydatidosis of the thigh that was not detected radiologically or by fine-needle aspiration before surgery. The risk of dissemination during the initial exploratory procedure was high. Treatment consisted of formal muscle resection and combination therapy with albendazole and praziquantel. Clinical features of muscle hydatidosis and the role of adjunctive chemotherapy are reviewed.

Hydatid cyst in the soft tissue of the face without any primary

Hydatid cyst of the subcutaneous tissue is rare, and often presents as a simple soft-tissue mass. A case of primary subcutaneous hydatid disease arising in the malar region is reported. Histopathological examination revealed the characteristic findings, which are consistent with soft-tissue hydatid disease. There was no sign of echinococcal involvement of organs other than the soft tissue of the face. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of a primary subcutaneous hydatid cyst arising in the skin in the absence of internal involvement. The patient remains disease free 14 months after surgery. The authors present their clinical findings, diagnostic techniques, and treatment of the patient, and review the literature.