1
|
Comprehensive review of pericardial diseases using different imaging modalities. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 36:947-969. [DOI: 10.1007/s10554-020-01784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
2
|
Botha WJ, Mukorera V, Kirberger RM. Septic pericarditis and pneumopericardium in a dog with an oesophageal foreign body. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2017; 88:e1-e5. [PMID: 28582985 PMCID: PMC6138164 DOI: 10.4102/jsava.v88i0.1496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A 5-year-old, intact, male Yorkshire Terrier presented with a 6-day history of lethargy and anorexia. Clinical examination revealed dental plaque accumulation, abdominal effort during respiration and muffled heart sounds. Thoracic radiographs revealed an enlarged globoid cardiac silhouette and mild pneumopericardium, transthoracic ultrasonography revealed a pericardial effusion after which pericardiocentesis, cytology and culture diagnosed septic pericarditis. Three multidrug-resistant bacteria were isolated, two of which have been implicated in gas-producing infections before. Medical management failed to resolve the pericarditis and euthanasia was opted for. A chronic osseocartilaginous oesophageal foreign body cranial to the heart base was found on necropsy. Septic pericarditis and pneumopericardium are rare conditions in dogs. This is the first case to describe a multidrug-resistant polybacterial aetiology causing mild pneumopericardium and only the second case to describe septic pericarditis associated with an oesophageal foreign body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Willem J Botha
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, University of Pretoria.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Greci V, Baio A, Bibbiani L, Caggiano E, Borgonovo S, Olivero D, Rocchi PM, Raiano V. Pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax and pneumoretroperitoneum complicating pulmonary metastatic carcinoma in a cat. J Small Anim Pract 2015; 56:679-83. [PMID: 25958888 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This report describes a case of severe spontaneous tension pneumopericardium with concurrent pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax and retropneumoperitoneum in a cat presenting with dyspnoea and signs of cardiac tamponade secondary to metastatic pulmonary carcinoma. Spontaneous pneumopericardium is an extremely uncommon condition consisting of pericardial gas in the absence of iatrogenic/traumatic causes. In humans, it has been described secondary to pneumonia or lung abscess and very rarely secondary to pulmonary neoplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Greci
- Ospedale Veterinario Gregorio VII, Piazza di Villa Carpegna 52, 00165, Roma, Italia
| | - A Baio
- Ospedale Veterinario Gregorio VII, Piazza di Villa Carpegna 52, 00165, Roma, Italia
| | - L Bibbiani
- Ospedale Veterinario Gregorio VII, Piazza di Villa Carpegna 52, 00165, Roma, Italia
| | - E Caggiano
- Ospedale Veterinario Gregorio VII, Piazza di Villa Carpegna 52, 00165, Roma, Italia
| | - S Borgonovo
- Alzaia Naviglio Grande, 40, 20144, Milano, Italia
| | - D Olivero
- BiEsseA s.r.l., 20129, Milano, Italia
| | - P M Rocchi
- Ospedale Veterinario Gregorio VII, Piazza di Villa Carpegna 52, 00165, Roma, Italia
| | - V Raiano
- Ospedale Veterinario Gregorio VII, Piazza di Villa Carpegna 52, 00165, Roma, Italia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Marchiori E, Canella C, Hochhegger B, Zanetti G. An uncommon complication of staphylococcal pneumonia: pneumopericardium with cardiac tamponade. Thorax 2015; 70:395. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
5
|
Biswas S, Cahill P, Sherck J. The Way to a Man's Heart is through his Stomach – Peanuts in the Pericardium! a Rare Case of Traumatic Gastropericardial Fistula. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791302000109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumopericardium is most commonly iatrogenic and in cases of gastropericardial fistula, the stomach is usually intrathoracic. We report a case of penetrating trauma induced gastropericardial fistula from an intraabdominal stomach resulting in pneumopericardium. The diagnosis was confirmed during laparotomy. Pneumopericardium, if small, can be managed conservatively, but immediate release is required if tension occurs. Gastropericardial fistula carries a high mortality and should be surgically repaired.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - P Cahill
- Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, Department of Trauma and Critical Care, 751 S. Bascom Avenue, San Jose, California 95128, USA
| | - J Sherck
- Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, Department of Trauma and Critical Care, 751 S. Bascom Avenue, San Jose, California 95128, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Arab AA, Kattan MA, Alyafi WA, Alhashemi JA. Broncho-pleuropericardial fistula complicating staphylococcal sepsis. Saudi J Anaesth 2012; 5:434-7. [PMID: 22144936 PMCID: PMC3227318 DOI: 10.4103/1658-354x.87278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a rare case of broncho-pleuropericardial fistula in a 12-year-old female who presented with fever, painful joint swelling, and pleural and pericardial effusion secondary to disseminated methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus infection. The pleural and pericardial effusion were drained, however, air leak was observed from both tubes and was synchronous with mechanical inspiration. A broncho-pleuropericardial fistula was suspected and confirmed with computed tomography. This case report demonstrated that disseminated S. aureus bacteremia could result in broncho-pleuropericardial fistula. The ability of disseminated staphylococcal infection to produce pnemopericardium should be added to the list of other complications associated with disseminated staphylococcal sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A Arab
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Katabathina VS, Restrepo CS, Martinez-Jimenez S, Riascos RF. Nonvascular, nontraumatic mediastinal emergencies in adults: a comprehensive review of imaging findings. Radiographics 2012; 31:1141-60. [PMID: 21768244 DOI: 10.1148/rg.314105177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Given their high frequency, mediastinal emergencies are often perceived as being a result of external trauma or vascular conditions. However, there is a group of nonvascular, nontraumatic mediastinal emergencies that are less common in clinical practice, are less recognized, and that represent an important source of morbidity and mortality in patients. Nonvascular, nontraumatic mediastinal emergencies have several causes and result from different pathophysiologic mechanisms including infection, internal trauma, malignancy, and postoperative complications, and some may be idiopathic. Some conditions that lead to nonvascular, nontraumatic mediastinal emergencies include acute mediastinitis; esophageal emergencies such as intramural hematoma of the esophagus, Boerhaave syndrome, and acquired esophagorespiratory fistulas; spontaneous mediastinal hematoma; tension pneumomediastinum; and tension pneumopericardium. Although clinical findings of nonvascular, nontraumatic mediastinal emergencies may be nonspecific, imaging findings are often definitive. Awareness of various nonvascular, nontraumatic mediastinal emergencies and their clinical manifestations and imaging findings is crucial for making an accurate and timely diagnosis to facilitate appropriate patient management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venkata S Katabathina
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Barquero Romero J, Izquierdo Hidalgo J, Maciá Botejara E, Arrobas Vacas J, Pérez Miranda M. Neumopericardio espontáneo en un paciente con neumonía de la comunidad. Rev Esp Cardiol 2005. [DOI: 10.1157/13071898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
9
|
Abstract
A 29-year-old man presented to the accident and emergency department complaining of a sudden onset of chest and upper abdominal pain. He had a past history of intravenous drug abuse and a previous stab wound to the left hypochondrium that had required laparotomy. On arrival he was distressed with grunting respiration. Initial chest X-ray showed a pneumopericardium. Despite titrated doses of opiate analgesia he became increasingly distressed, agitated and dyspnoeic. Repeat chest X-ray demonstrated an increase in the volume of air present within the pericardial sac. His clinical condition improved rapidly after needle pericardiocentesis decompression. A water-soluble contrast swallow revealed a diaphragmatic hernia with a filling defect in the greater curve of the stomach and contrast medium entering the pericardial sac. A thoraco-abdominal laparotomy confirmed a pre-existing diaphragmatic defect from the previous stab wound, with surrounding adhesions. A small portion of the stomach had herniated through this defect with a perforated gastric ulcer communicating directly into the pericardial sac.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen H Boyce
- Accident and Emergency Department, Crosshouse Hospital, Kilmarnock, Scotland, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Leclerc A, Brisson BA, Dobson H. Pneumopericardium associated with pulmonary-pericardial communication in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2004; 224:710-2, 698. [PMID: 15002809 DOI: 10.2460/javma.2004.224.710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A 6-year-old 18-kg (39-lb) spayed female Standard Poodle was referred for treatment of pneumopericardium. The dog did not have severe clinical signs relating to the pneumopericardium, and the diagnosis was made incidentally while investigating the cause of a cough. Computed tomography revealed an air-filled structure consistent with a bulla to the right of the heart base that appeared to communicate with the pericardial cavity Because spontaneous resolution of the pneumopericardium seemed unlikely and cardiac tamponade was a possibility, exploratory thoracotomy was performed. A lobulated bulla was found at the hilus of the right middle lung lobe adhered to the underlying pericardial sac, and a 4-cm-diameter communication from the pericardium to the pulmonary bulla was found. Right middle lung lobectomy was performed, and the pericardiotomy and pericardial opening were sutured. The dog recovered without complications. In previously reported cases of pneumopericardium involving a cat and a dog, the condition resolved spontaneously. In this dog, in contrast, surgical resection of the affected lung lobe with pericardial reconstruction was required for resolution of the pneumopericardium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Leclerc
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Brander L, Ramsay D, Dreier D, Peter M, Graeni R. Continuous left hemidiaphragm sign revisited: a case of spontaneous pneumopericardium and literature review. Heart 2002; 88:e5. [PMID: 12231618 PMCID: PMC1767382 DOI: 10.1136/heart.88.4.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In pneumopericardium, a rare but potentially life threatening differential diagnosis of chest pain with a broad variety of causes, rapid diagnosis and adequate treatment are crucial. In upright posteroanterior chest radiography, the apical limit of a radiolucent rim, outlining both the left ventricle and the right atrium, lies at the level of the pulmonary artery and ascending aorta, reflecting the anatomical limits of the pericardium. The band of gas surrounding the heart may outline the normally invisible parts of the diaphragm, producing the continuous left hemidiaphragm sign in an upright lateral chest radiograph. If haemodynamic conditions are stable, the underlying condition should be treated and the patient should be monitored closely. Acute haemodynamic deterioration should prompt rapid further investigation and cardiac tamponade must be actively ruled out. Spontaneous pneumopericardium in a 20 year old man is presented, and its pathophysiology described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Brander
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|