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Tong T, Lei H, Guan Y, Yang X, Liao G, Li Y, Jiang D, Pang J. Revealing Prognostic Value of Skeletal-Related Parameters in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer on Overall Survival: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Oncol 2020; 10:586192. [PMID: 33330067 PMCID: PMC7710983 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.586192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The skeleton is a preferred site for prostate cancer metastasis, and once metastases occur, the disease becomes incurable. Increasing evidence indicates the prognostic value of skeletal-related parameters, but remains controversial. OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review of the existing literature on assessing the prognostic value of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), urinary N-telopeptide (uNTx), bone scan index (BSI), and Brief Pain Inventory Short Form (BPI-SF) score in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients with skeleton metastasis. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Medline, OVID, and Embase between 2010 and 2019 were reviewed. Key terms included randomized trials, prostate cancer, alkaline phosphatase, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, urinary N-telopeptide, bone scan index, and Brief Pain Inventory Short Form. Data were collected, checked, and analyzed from December 2019 to March 2020. Hazard ratios (HRs) and overall survival (OS) were extracted to estimate the relationship between the above parameters and OS in patients with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A total of 1,055 studies were identified via initial screening, including 1,032 from database research and 23 from other sources. After deduplication, 164 records were further excluded according to titles and abstracts. The remaining 36 potential articles were carefully screened. In the end, 15 eligible studies syntheses, which were published between 2010 and 2019, comprised data for a total of 11,378 patients, whose mean age ranged from 66 to 72 years. The sample size ranged from 82 to 1,901 patients. And the median follow-up time ranged from 24 to 55 months. Based on 15 randomized controlled trials published between 2010 and 2019, higher ALP levels (HR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.38-1.87 P < 0.001), higher BSAP levels (HR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.11-1.54 P = 0.001), higher uNTx levels (HR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.29-1.52 P < 0.001), BSI progression (HR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.08-1.29 P < 0.001), and higher BPI-SF score (HR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.35-1.61 P < 0.001) had an association with inferior OS. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of ALP/BSAP and uNTx, a higher BPI-SF score, and progression of BSI predict inferior OS in patients with mCRPC. More randomized control trials are needed to investigate the promising value of these parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Donggen Jiang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Vaishampayan UN, Podgorski I, Heilbrun LK, Lawhorn-Crews JM, Dobson KC, Boerner J, Stark K, Smith DW, Heath EI, Fontana JA, Shields AF. Biomarkers and Bone Imaging Dynamics Associated with Clinical Outcomes of Oral Cabozantinib Therapy in Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:652-662. [PMID: 30327304 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cabozantinib is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor that demonstrated remarkable responses on bone scan in metastatic prostate cancer. Randomized trials failed to demonstrate statistically significant overall survival (OS). We studied the dynamics of biomarker changes with imaging and biopsies pretherapy and posttherapy to explore factors that are likely to be predictive of efficacy with cabozantinib.Experimental Design: Eligibility included patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer with normal organ function and performance status 0-2. Cabozantinib 60 mg orally was administered daily. Pretherapy and 2 weeks post, 99mTc-labeled bone scans, positron emission tomography with 18F-sodium fluoride (NaF-PET) and 18F-(1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosyl) thymine (FMAU PET) scans were conducted. Pretherapy and posttherapy tumor biopsies were conducted, and serum and urine bone markers were measured. RESULTS Twenty evaluable patients were treated. Eight patients had a PSA decline, of which 2 had a decline of ≥50%. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and OS were 4.1 and 11.2 months, respectively, and 3 patients were on therapy for 8, 10, and 13 months. The NaF-PET demonstrated a median decline in SUVmax of -56% (range, -85 to -5%, n = 11) and -41% (range, -60 to -25%, n = 9) for patients who were clinically stable and remained on therapy for ≥4 or <4 cycles, respectively. The FMAU PET demonstrated a median decline in SUVmax of -44% (-60 to -14%) and -42% (-63% to -23%) for these groups. The changes in bone markers and mesenchymal epithelial transition/MET testing did not correlate with clinical benefit. CONCLUSIONS Early changes in imaging and tissue or serum/urine biomarkers did not demonstrate utility in predicting clinical benefit with cabozantinib therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulka N Vaishampayan
- Department of Oncology Karmanos Cancer Center/Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
| | - Izabela Podgorski
- Department of Pharmacology and Oncology Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Lance K Heilbrun
- Department of Oncology Karmanos Cancer Center/Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - Kimberlee C Dobson
- Department of Oncology Karmanos Cancer Center/Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Julie Boerner
- Department of Oncology Karmanos Cancer Center/Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Karri Stark
- Department of Oncology Karmanos Cancer Center/Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Daryn W Smith
- Department of Oncology Karmanos Cancer Center/Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Elisabeth I Heath
- Department of Oncology Karmanos Cancer Center/Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Joseph A Fontana
- Department of Oncology Karmanos Cancer Center/Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Anthony F Shields
- Department of Oncology Karmanos Cancer Center/Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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Xue X, Zhang Y, Wang C, Zhang M, Xiang Q, Wang J, Wang A, Li C, Zhang C, Zou L, Wang R, Wu S, Lu Y, Chen H, Ding K, Li G, Xu Y. Benzoxazinone-containing 3,5-dimethylisoxazole derivatives as BET bromodomain inhibitors for treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 152:542-559. [PMID: 29758518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The bromodomain and extra-terminal proteins (BET) have emerged as promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We report the design, synthesis and evaluation of a new series of benzoxazinone-containing 3,5-dimethylisoxazole derivatives as selective BET inhibitors. One of the new compounds, (R)-12 (Y02234), binds to BRD4(1) with a Kd value of 110 nM and blocks bromodomain and acetyl lysine interactions with an IC50 value of 100 nM. It also exhibits selectivity for BET over non-BET bromodomain proteins and demonstrates reasonable anti-proliferation and colony formation inhibition effect in prostate cancer cell lines such as 22Rv1 and C4-2B. The BRD4 inhibitor (R)-12 also significantly suppresses the expression of ERG, Myc and AR target gene PSA at the mRNA level in prostate cancer cells. Treatment with (R)-12 significantly suppresses the tumor growth of prostate cancer (TGI = 70%) in a 22Rv1-derived xenograft model. These data suggest that compound (R)-12 is a promising lead compound for the development of a new class of therapeutics for the treatment of CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436 China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436 China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436 China
| | - Maofeng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436 China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuping Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436 China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Anhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China; Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Chenchang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436 China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, No. 1266 Fujin Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436 China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, No. 1266 Fujin Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Lingjiao Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436 China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436 China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436 China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, No. 1266 Fujin Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yongzhi Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436 China
| | - Hongwu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Ke Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guohui Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436 China.
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Wang B, Lu D, Xuan M, Hu W. Antitumor effect of sunitinib in human prostate cancer cells functions via autophagy. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:1285-1294. [PMID: 28413468 PMCID: PMC5377283 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore sunitinib-induced autophagic effects and the specific molecular mechanisms involved, in vitro, using PC-3 and LNCaP human prostate cancer cell lines. Cells were exposed to escalating doses of sunitinib treatment and subsequent cell viability and cell cycle analyses were performed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of sunitinib in vitro. Immunofluorescence staining of microtubule associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3) puncta was employed to assess autophagy levels after sunitinib treatment. Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate variations in the levels of LC3, sequestosome-1, extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) and cleaved caspase-3 proteins. The present study revealed that sunitinib treatment inhibited cell growth and triggered autophagy in a dose-dependent manner in both cell lines. In addition, sunitinib activated ERK1/2 and inhibited mTOR/p70S6K signaling. Sunitinib-induced autophagy was notably reversed by ERK1/2 kinase inhibitor, U0126. Furthermore, inhibition of sunitinib-induced autophagy by 3-methyladenine enhanced apoptosis and exhibited improved cell viability, which indicated that sunitinib induces not only apoptosis but also autophagic cell death in prostate cancer cell lines. These results may lead to an improved understanding of the mechanism of sunitinib's cytotoxic action and may provide evidence that combined sunitinib autophagy-regulating treatment may be of benefit to anti-prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangqi Wang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Dongyuan Lu
- Graduate School of The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Min Xuan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Weilie Hu
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
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