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Huang LX, Wu XB, Liu YA, Guo X, Liu CC, Cai WQ, Wang SW, Luo B. High-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging in ischemic stroke and carotid artery atherosclerotic stenosis: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27948. [PMID: 38571643 PMCID: PMC10987942 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a significant burden on human health worldwide. Carotid Atherosclerosis stenosis plays an important role in the comprehensive assessment and prevention of ischemic stroke patients. High-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging has emerged as a successful technique for assessing carotid atherosclerosis stenosis. This advanced imaging modality has shown promise in effectively displaying a wide range of characteristics associated with the condition, leading to a comprehensive evaluation. High-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging not only enables a comprehensive evaluation of the instability of carotid atherosclerosis stenosis plaques but also provides valuable information for understanding the pathogenesis and predicting the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients. The purpose of this article is to review the application of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in ischemic stroke and carotid atherosclerotic stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chi-Chen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wang-Qing Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Wen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Regola F, Uzzo M, Toniati P, Trezzi B, Sinico RA, Franceschini F. Novel Therapies in Takayasu Arteritis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:814075. [PMID: 35096902 PMCID: PMC8790042 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.814075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Takayasu Arteritis (TAK) is a large-vessel vasculitis that preferentially involves the aorta and its primary branches. Cardiac involvement is frequent in TAK and is a major determinant of the patient's outcome. Glucocorticoids (GC) are the mainstay of therapy for TAK, with high doses of GC effective to induce remission. However, relapses are common and lead to repeated and prolonged GC treatments with high risk of related adverse events. Potential GC toxicity is a major concern, especially because patients with TAK are young and need to be treated for several years, often for the whole life. Conventional immunosuppressive drugs are used in patients with severe manifestations but present some limitations. New therapeutic approaches are needed for patients with refractory disease or contraindications to conventional therapies. Fortunately, major progress has been made in understanding TAK pathogenesis, leading to the development of targeted biotherapies. In particular, IL-6 and TNF-α pathways seems to be the most promising therapeutic targets, with emerging data on Tocilizumab and TNF inhibitors. On the other hand, new insights on JAK-Inhibitors, Rituximab, Ustekinumab and Abatacept have been explored in recent studies. This review summarizes the emerging therapies used in TAK, focusing on the most recent studies on biologics and analyzing their efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Regola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Martina Uzzo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, ASST-Monza, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Toniati
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Trezzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, ASST-Monza, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Renato Alberto Sinico
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, ASST-Monza, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Franco Franceschini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Huang CC, Jhou ZY, Huang WM, Chen JH, Chen CH, Huang CY, Chen ST, Wu CH, Luo CB, Chang FC. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting of post-irradiated stenosis of subclavian artery. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 121:1102-1110. [PMID: 34481727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The therapeutic efficacy of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS) of post-irradiated stenosis of subclavian artery (PISSA) was not well clarified. This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the technical safety and outcome of the patients of severe symptomatic PISSA accepted PTAS. METHODS Between 2000 and 2019, 16 cases with 17 lesions of symptomatic and medically refractory PISSA accepted PTAS were included. We evaluated their technical success, peri-procedural complications and diffusion-weight imaging (DWI) of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), results of symptom relief, and long-term stent patency. RESULTS The stenosis of the 17 stenotic lesions were 81.2 ± 11.1%. The most common symptom of the 16 patients was dizziness (14/16, 87.5%). All successfully accepted PTAS without neurological complication and had symptom relief after PTAS (17/17, 100%). Of the 12 patients accepted pre-procedural and early post-procedural MRI follow-up, 2 patients had an asymptomatic tiny acute embolic infarct in the territory of vertebrobasilar system. In a 51.9 ± 54.9 months follow-up, all patients had no severe restenosis and no recurrent vertebrobasilar ischemic symptoms. CONCLUSION For patients with PISSA and medically refractory ischemic symptoms, PTAS can be an effective alternative management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chao Huang
- Department of Radiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Zong-Yi Jhou
- Department of Radiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Ming Huang
- Department of Radiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jung-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Hung Chen
- Department of Radiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Yao Huang
- Department of Radiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Ting Chen
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Hung Wu
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chao-Bao Luo
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Feng-Chi Chang
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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