Angiomyofibroblastoma of the Vulva: A Case Report of a Pedunculated Variant and Review of the Literature

Angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva: A case report and review of the literature

Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMFB) represents a rare, benign mesenchymal tumor with a predilection for the vulvovaginal region. It is usually diagnosed in middle-aged women. Histopathology and immunohistochemical study remain the key to diagnosis. Like other benign mesenchymal vulval tumors, AMFB shows indolent behavior and rarely recurs after complete surgical excision. Herein, we present a case of vulvar AMFB in a 51-year-old woman to highlight the diagnostic difficulties when considering this rare entity.

Angiomyofibroblastoma as a rare cause of vulvar mass: A case report and literature review

Key Clinical Message

Angiomyofibroblastoma is a benign soft tissue tumor and a form of genital stromal mesenchymal tumor that primarily affects the vulva. It could possibly affect the reproductive-aged women's lower genital tract (vagina).

Abstract

Angiomyofibroblastoma is a rare benign soft tissue tumor primarily affecting the vulva in reproductive-aged women. We report a 67-year-old female complaining of a painless mass in her right vulva spreading to the right inguinal region over the past 2 years. The first clinical impression was a canal of Nuck hernia, diagnostic laparoscopy was planned to rule hernia out. The vulvar mass was excised, and a histopathology examination revealed Angiomyofibroblastoma.

Rare Vulvar Angiomyofibroblastoma: Case Series and Literature Review

Background

Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMFB) is an uncommon disease with few literature reports, leading to the poor understanding of its diagnosis, treatment, and postoperative follow-up plans among gynecologists.

Objective

To study the clinical and pathological features of vulvar AMFB and discuss its treatment and prognosis.

Case Summary

The 3 cases were characterized by a gradually increasing painless mass in the vulva. Preoperative diagnosis was difficult and mainly depended on ultrasonic examination. Immunohistochemistry confirmed clear boundaries of AMFB. This condition could be completely cured by surgery, and the prognosis was good.

Conclusion

The vulvar AMFB is a rare tumor that is frequently misdiagnosed before surgery. Ultrasound is preferred in auxiliary diagnosis, and surgery remains the best treatment, and long-term follow-up is necessary to avoid recurrence or other complications.

Large-sized pedunculated and polypoidal angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva: A case report and literature review

Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMF) represents a rare, benign mesenchymal tumor with a predilection for the vulvovaginal region, which may be misdiagnosed as aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM). Herein, we report a case of a 20-year-old nulliparous Chinese woman with a unique pedunculated and polypoidal mass, which had been developing within the previous 6 months in the left labium majus, exhibiting the AAM clinical impression but diagnosed as AMF. The mass measured 18 × 10 × 6 cm, and contained diffuse ulcerated areas and purulent discharge. A complete excision of the mass was performed. There was no subsequent evidence of recurrence, according to a 13-month follow-up. As a rare benign vulvovaginal tumor, AMF can present on patients of an early reproductive age with rapidly growing, polypoidal pattern. The whole exon sequencing analysis revealed the genomic alterations, which may contribute to the occurrence of AMF.

A Vaginal Angiomyofibroblastoma as a Rare Cause of a Prolapsing Vaginal Mass: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Introduction

Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMFB) is a rare, benign, mesenchymal cell tumour which presents as a slow-growing mass. It is most commonly seen in the vulva and is often mistaken for Bartholin's abscess. It is histologically diagnosed by the presence of stromal cells intermingled with small blood vessels. It is morphologically similar to cellular angiofibroma and aggressive angiomyxoma, the latter of which is locally invasive and has a possibility of metastasis and a high risk of local recurrence. There is one reported case of an AMFB undergoing sarcomatous transformation.

Case Report

We report a case of a multiparous, 36-year-old woman with an anterior vaginal mass which was inappropriately treated as a vaginal prolapse prior to definitive surgical management. This is only the second reported case of an AMFB presenting as a prolapsing mass.

Angiomyofibroblastoma of the Foot: a Rare Soft Tissue Tumor at Unusual Site

Angiomyofibroblastoma is a rare benign soft tissue tumor that arises predominantly in the female genital tract. It occurs less commonly in the scrotum, spermatic cord, and the retroperitoneum. Its diagnosis is based on specific histological and immunopathological features. However, the condition has never been previously described in the extremities. We present the first case report of angiomyofibroblastoma presenting as a slow-growing tumor in the foot of a 48-year-old lady.

Angiomyofibroblastoma of the vaginal portion

Introduction:

Angiomyofibroblastoma is a tumor which is consists of two components: blood vessels and stromal cells, with always prominent vascular component. Angiomyofibroblastoma is benign tumor, but in literature is reported a case of recurrence and one case with sarcomatous transformation, which shoved that these tumors may rarely be associated with malignant component.

Case report:

A 78-year-old multiparous housewife was hospitalized at University Clinical Center because of painless, asymptomatic tumor of vaginal portion (posterior side). Tumor size was 7 millimeters in diameter. Internal genital organs did not present abnormalities. The patient underwent operative removal of the tumor and went to home at some day. At the histological examination the tumor presented as a angiomyofibroblastoma cervices uteri.

Lipomatous variant of angiomyofibroblastoma: a case report and review of the literature

Angiomyofibroblastoma represents a rare, benign mesenchymal tumor with a predilection for the vulvovaginal region. Lipomatous change may occur but rarely comprises a substantial component of the lesion. There are only eight reports in the English language literature describing the lipomatous variant of this tumor. We describe a further lipomatous angiomyofibroblastoma that occurred on the labium majus of a 49-year-old woman. The histopathologic and immunohistochemical features are described, and the collective experience in the literature is reviewed.

Transvaginal sonographic features of perineal masses in the female lower urogenital tract: a retrospective study of 71 patients

OBJECTIVES

To assess the transvaginal ultrasonographic features of perineal masses in the lower urogenital tract in a cohort of 71 women.

METHODS

Seventy-one women with perineal masses were referred consecutively for transvaginal ultrasonography. Two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound was used to scan the pelvic floor, including the urethra, vagina and rectum, and identify any possible areas of interest. A static three-dimensional (3D) sonographic reconstruction of the pelvic anatomy was created to further delineate the relation of the lesions with their neighboring structures. Ultrasound results were compared retrospectively with surgical pathology outcome when possible.

RESULTS

Seventy-nine cystic, cystic-solid or solid masses were detected on transvaginal 2D ultrasonography in the 71 women: in 44 patients, 47 anechoic cystic masses were identified and diagnosed as vaginal wall cysts; in 19 patients, 23 hyperechoic cystic masses were diagnosed as vaginal epidermoid cysts; in each of two patients, a hypoechoic cystic-solid mass showing blood-flow signals on color Doppler imaging was diagnosed as urogenital angiomyofibroblastoma; in each of three patients, a hypoechoic cyst was diagnosed as urethral diverticulum; and in three patients with a known history of gynecological malignancy, solid heterogeneous masses with blood flow signals on color Doppler imaging were diagnosed as metastatic cancer. In all patients, 3D ultrasonography delineated the anatomical relationship of these masses to the vagina, urethra and rectum.

CONCLUSIONS

Transvaginal 2D and 3D ultrasonography is an accurate, non-invasive, cost-effective diagnostic modality for the delineation of congenital, septic and neoplastic lower urogenital tract perineal masses in women.