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Chen H, Lin L, Chen J, Huang F. Prevalence of Malocclusion Traits in Primary Dentition, 2010-2024: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1321. [PMID: 38998856 PMCID: PMC11241413 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12131321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The present review was aimed to describe the prevalence and the regional distribution of malocclusion among preschool children worldwide. Two independent reviewers performed a systematic literature search to identify English publications from January 2010 to May 2024 using PubMed, ISI Web of Science and Embase. Search MeSH key words were "malocclusion", "primary dentition" and "child, preschool". The reporting quality was assessed by the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. We identified 2599 publications and recruited 47 articles. Fourteen of the included studies were conducted in Asia, four in Europe, twenty-eight in South America and one in Africa. The prevalence of malocclusion ranged from 28.4% to 83.9%, and half of the reported prevalences were higher than 50%. The highest percentage was in Asia (61.81%), followed by Europe (61.50%), South America (52.69%) and Africa (32.50%). Statistically significant differences existed in deep overbite, anterior open bite, posterior crossbite, edge-to-edge incisor relationship and distal step between continents (p < 0.05). Europe showed the highest prevalence (33.08%) of deep overbite. Africa showed the highest prevalence (18.60%) of anterior open bite. Europe showed the highest prevalence (15.38%) of posterior crossbite. The most common malocclusion traits were increased overjet and deep overbite. To conclude, malocclusion remained prevalent in the primary dentition and varied between countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyi Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lude Lin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jieyi Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Faria-Teixeira MC, Tordera C, Salvado E Silva F, Vaz-Carneiro A, Iglesias-Linares A. Craniofacial syndromes and class III phenotype: common genotype fingerprints? A scoping review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:1455-1475. [PMID: 38347173 PMCID: PMC11126392 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02907-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal Class III (SCIII) is among the most challenging craniofacial dysmorphologies to treat. There is, however, a knowledge gap regarding which syndromes share this clinical phenotype. The aims of this study were to: (i) identify the syndromes affected by the SCIII phenotype; (ii) clarify the involvement of maxillary and/or mandibular structures; (iii) explore shared genetic/molecular mechanisms. A two-step strategy was designed: [Step#1] OMIM, MHDD, HPO, GeneReviews and MedGen databases were explored; [Step#2]: Syndromic conditions indexed in [Step#1] were explored in Medline, Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, WOS and OpenGrey. Eligibility criteria were defined. Individual studies were assessed for risk of bias using the New Ottawa Scale. For quantitative analysis, a meta-analysis was conducted. This scoping review is a hypothesis-generating research. Twenty-two studies met the eligibility criteria. Eight syndromes affected by the SCIII were targeted: Apert syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, achondroplasia, X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLED), tricho-dento-osseous syndrome, cleidocranial dysplasia, Klinefelter and Down syndromes. Despite heterogeneity between studies [p < 0.05], overall effects showed that midface components were affected in Apert and Down Syndromes, lower face in Klinefelter Syndrome and midface and lower face components in XLED. Our review provides new evidence on the craniofacial characteristics of genetically confirmed syndromes exhibiting the SCIII phenotype. Four major regulatory pathways might have a modulatory effect on this phenotype. IMPACT: What does this review add to the existing literature? To date, there is no literature exploring which particular syndromes exhibit mandibular prognathism as a common trait. Through this research, it was possibly to identify the particular syndromes that share the skeletal Class III phenotype (mandibular prognathism) as a common trait highlighting the common genetic and molecular pathways between different syndromes acknowledging their impact in craniofacial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Faria-Teixeira
- Complutense University of Madrid, School of Dentistry, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- University of Lisbon, School of Medicine, University Clinic of Stomatology, 1200, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Tordera
- Complutense University of Madrid, School of Dentistry, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Alejandro Iglesias-Linares
- Complutense University of Madrid, School of Dentistry, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
- BIOCRAN (Craniofacial Biology) Research Group, Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Dehesa-Santos A, Park JA, Lee SJ, Iglesias-Linares A. East Asian and Southern European craniofacial class III phenotype: two sides of the same coin? Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:84. [PMID: 38195777 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05386-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The skeletal class III phenotype is a heterogeneous condition in populations of different ethnicities. This study aimed to analyse the joint and ethnicity-specific clustering of morphological features in skeletal class III patients of Asian and European origins. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study involved South Korean and Spanish participants who fulfilled the cephalometric, clinical, and ethnic-related selection criteria. Radiographic records were standardised, calibrated, and measured. A total of 54 skeletal variables were selected for varimax factorial analysis (VFA). Subsequently, a cluster analysis (CA) was performed (mixed method: k-means and hierarchical clustering). Method error and precision were assessed using ICC, Student's t-test, and the Dahlberg formula. RESULTS A total of 285 Korean and Spanish participants with skeletal class III malocclusions were analysed. After performing VFA and CA, the joint sample revealed three global clusters, and ethnicity-specific analysis revealed four Korean and five Spanish clusters. Cluster_1_global was predominantly Spanish (79.2%) and male (83.01%) and was characterised by a predominantly mesobrachycephalic pattern and a larger cranial base, maxilla, and mandible. Cluster_2_global and Cluster_3_global were mainly South Korean (73.9% and 75.6%, respectively) and depicted opposite phenotypes of mandibular projection and craniofacial pattern. CONCLUSIONS A distinct distribution of Spanish and South Korean participants was observed in the global analysis. Interethnic and interethnic differences were observed, primarily in the cranial base and maxilla size, mandible projection, and craniofacial pattern. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Accurate phenotyping, reflecting the complexity of skeletal class III phenotype across diverse populations, is critical for improving diagnostic predictability and future personalised treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Dehesa-Santos
- School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal, S/N. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ji-Ae Park
- Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, 03080, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shin-Jae Lee
- Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, 03080, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Alejandro Iglesias-Linares
- School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal, S/N. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
- Craniofacial Biology and Orthodontics Research Group, School of Dentistry, BIOCRAN, Complutense University of Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal, S/N. Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Dehesa-Santos A, Faria-Teixeira MC, Iglesias-Linares A. Skeletal Class III phenotype: Link between animal models and human genetics: A scoping review. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART B, MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2024; 342:21-44. [PMID: 38108095 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify evidence from animal studies examining genetic variants underlying maxillomandibular discrepancies resulting in a skeletal Class III (SCIII) malocclusion phenotype. Following the Manual for Evidence Synthesis of the JBI and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews, a participant, concept, context question was formulated and systematic searches were executed in the PubMed, Scopus, WOS, Scielo, Open Gray, and Mednar databases. Of the 779 identified studies, 13 met the selection criteria and were included in the data extraction. The SCIII malocclusion phenotype was described as mandibular prognathism in the Danio rerio, Dicentrarchus labrax, and Equus africanus asinus models; and as maxillary deficiency in the Felis silvestris catus, Canis familiaris, Salmo trutta, and Mus musculus models. The identified genetic variants highlight the significance of BMP and TGF-β signaling. Their regulatory pathways and genetic interactions link them to cellular bone regulation events, particularly ossification regulation of postnatal cranial synchondroses. In conclusion, twenty genetic variants associated with the skeletal SCIII malocclusion phenotype were identified in animal models. Their interactions and regulatory pathways corroborate the role of these variants in bone growth, differentiation events, and ossification regulation of postnatal cranial synchondroses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Cristina Faria-Teixeira
- School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- University Clinic of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alejandro Iglesias-Linares
- School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- BIOCRAN, Craniofacial Biology and Orthodontics Research Group, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Lone IM, Zohud O, Midlej K, Awadi O, Masarwa S, Krohn S, Kirschneck C, Proff P, Watted N, Iraqi FA. Narrating the Genetic Landscape of Human Class I Occlusion: A Perspective-Infused Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1465. [PMID: 37888076 PMCID: PMC10608728 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This review examines a prevalent condition with multifaceted etiology encompassing genetic, environmental, and oral behavioral factors. It stands as a significant ailment impacting oral functionality, aesthetics, and quality of life. Longitudinal studies indicate that malocclusion in primary dentition may progress to permanent malocclusion. Recognizing and managing malocclusion in primary dentition is gaining prominence. The World Health Organization ranks malocclusions as the third most widespread oral health issue globally. Angle's classification system is widely used to categorize malocclusions, with Class I occlusion considered the norm. However, its prevalence varies across populations due to genetic and examination disparities. Genetic factors, including variants in genes like MSX1, PAX9, and AXIN2, have been associated with an increased risk of Class I occlusion. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of clinical strategies for managing Class I occlusion and consolidate genetic insights from both human and murine populations. Additionally, genomic relationships among craniofacial genes will be assessed in individuals with Class I occlusion, along with a murine model, shedding light on phenotype-genotype associations of clinical relevance. The prevalence of Class I occlusion, its impact, and treatment approaches will be discussed, emphasizing the importance of early intervention. Additionally, the role of RNA alterations in skeletal Class I occlusion will be explored, focusing on variations in expression or structure that influence craniofacial development. Mouse models will be highlighted as crucial tools for investigating mandible size and prognathism and conducting QTL analysis to gain deeper genetic insights. This review amalgamates cellular, molecular, and clinical trait data to unravel correlations between malocclusion and Class I phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqbal M. Lone
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (I.M.L.); (O.Z.); (K.M.)
| | - Osayd Zohud
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (I.M.L.); (O.Z.); (K.M.)
| | - Kareem Midlej
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (I.M.L.); (O.Z.); (K.M.)
| | - Obaida Awadi
- Center for Dentistry Research and Aesthetics, Jatt 45911, Israel; (O.A.); (S.M.); (N.W.)
| | - Samir Masarwa
- Center for Dentistry Research and Aesthetics, Jatt 45911, Israel; (O.A.); (S.M.); (N.W.)
| | - Sebastian Krohn
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (S.K.); (C.K.); (P.P.)
| | - Christian Kirschneck
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (S.K.); (C.K.); (P.P.)
| | - Peter Proff
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (S.K.); (C.K.); (P.P.)
| | - Nezar Watted
- Center for Dentistry Research and Aesthetics, Jatt 45911, Israel; (O.A.); (S.M.); (N.W.)
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Arab America University, Jenin 919000, Palestine
- Gathering for Prosperity Initiative, Jatt 45911, Israel
| | - Fuad A. Iraqi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (I.M.L.); (O.Z.); (K.M.)
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (S.K.); (C.K.); (P.P.)
- Gathering for Prosperity Initiative, Jatt 45911, Israel
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Zhou X, Zhang C, Yao S, Fan L, Ma L, Pan Y. Genetic architecture of non-syndromic skeletal class III malocclusion. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2423-2437. [PMID: 36350305 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-syndromic skeletal Class III malocclusion is a major craniofacial disorder characterized by genetic and environmental factors. Patients with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion require orthognathic surgery to obtain aesthetic facial appearance and functional occlusion. Recent studies have demonstrated that susceptible chromosomal regions and genetic variants of candidate genes play important roles in the etiology of skeletal Class III malocclusion. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of our current understanding of the genetic factors that affect non-syndromic skeletal Class III malocclusion, including the patterns of inheritance and multiple genetic approaches. We then summarize the functional studies on related loci and genes using cell biology and animal models, which will help to implement individualized therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyue Yao
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, China
| | - Liwen Fan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchu Pan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Zohud O, Lone IM, Midlej K, Obaida A, Masarwa S, Schröder A, Küchler EC, Nashef A, Kassem F, Reiser V, Chaushu G, Mott R, Krohn S, Kirschneck C, Proff P, Watted N, Iraqi FA. Towards Genetic Dissection of Skeletal Class III Malocclusion: A Review of Genetic Variations Underlying the Phenotype in Humans and Future Directions. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093212. [PMID: 37176653 PMCID: PMC10179046 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Skeletal abnormalities and malocclusions have varied features that impact populations globally, impairing aesthetics and lowering life quality. The prevalence of the Skeletal Class III disease is the lowest among all angle malocclusions, with varied prevalence across nations. Environmental, genetic, and societal factors play a role in its numerous etiologies. In this study, we conducted a thorough search across the published data relating to quantitative trait loci (QTL) and the genes associated with Class III progression in humans, discussed these findings and their limitations, and proposed future directions and strategies for studying this phenotype. METHODS An inclusive search of published papers in the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines using the following terms: 1. Human skeletal Class III; 2. Genetics of Human skeletal Class III; 3. QTL mapping and gene associated with human skeletal Class III; 4. enriched skeletal Class-III-malocclusion-associated pathways. RESULTS Our search has found 53 genes linked with skeletal Class III malocclusion reported in humans, genes associated with epigenetics and phenomena, and the top 20 enriched pathways associated with skeletal Class III malocclusion. CONCLUSIONS The human investigations yielded some contentious conclusions. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS), an epigenetics-wide association study (EWAS), RNA-seq analysis, integrating GWAS and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), micro- and small-RNA, and long non-coding RNA analysis in tissues connected to skeletal Class III malocclusion phenotype in tissues connected with the skeletal phenotype. Finally, we invite regional, national, and international orthodontists and surgeons to join this effort by contributing human samples with skeletal Class III malocclusion following the accepted Helsinki ethical protocol to challenge these phenomena jointly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osayd Zohud
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Iqbal M Lone
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Kareem Midlej
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Awadi Obaida
- Center for Dentistry Research and Aesthetics, Jatt 4491800, Israel
| | - Samir Masarwa
- Center for Dentistry Research and Aesthetics, Jatt 4491800, Israel
| | - Agnes Schröder
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, 93047 Regensburg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Erika C Küchler
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, 93047 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Aysar Nashef
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Tabaria 1520800, Israel
| | - Firas Kassem
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 4428164, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Vadim Reiser
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tikva 4941492, Israel
| | - Gavriel Chaushu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tikva 4941492, Israel
- School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Richard Mott
- Department of Genetics, University College of London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Sebastian Krohn
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, 93047 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian Kirschneck
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, 93047 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Proff
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, 93047 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nezar Watted
- Center for Dentistry Research and Aesthetics, Jatt 4491800, Israel
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Arab America University, Jenin 34567, Palestine
- Gathering for Prosperity Initiative, Jatt 4491800, Israel
| | - Fuad A Iraqi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, 93047 Regensburg, Germany
- Gathering for Prosperity Initiative, Jatt 4491800, Israel
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The association of polymorphisms in BMP2/MYO1H and skeletal Class II div.1 maxillary and mandibular dimensions. A preliminary ‘report. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103405. [PMID: 36039325 PMCID: PMC9418592 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The genetic impact directly or indirectly predefines maxillofacial dimensions, potentially leading to an inappropriate relationship of the jaws and subsequently skeletal malocclusion. Previous studies focused mainly on genetic polymorphisms and class III malocclusion. This study was set out to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms in two genes BMP2 (rs235768) and MYO1H (rs11066446) with Class II division 1 malocclusion, skeletal variation in vertical plane, and maxillary and mandibular jaws length. Subjects and methods Sixty patients classified as Skeletal Class I (n = 30) and Class II division 1 (n = 30) were recruited. DNA was extracted from saliva and analyzed by Sanger sequencing. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were measured for the anterio-posterior relationship of maxillary and mandibular arch using digital tracing. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis of genotype frequencies was performed using Chi-square test to compare genotype distribution among groups and multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted by gender was also performed. Results The rs235768 polymorphism in BMP2 was associated with hypodivergent face, increased maxillary length, and decreased mandibular length. Meanwhile, the rs11066446 polymorphism in MYO1H was associated with decreased mandibular length. New polymorphism was identified in MYO1H (rs10850090) in association with decreased mandibular length. Conclusion A potential association between polymorpisms in BMP2 rs235768 and MOY1H rs11066446 and rs10850090 and Class II division 1 skeletal malocclusion related phenotypes exists, however, the degree of it has to be further investigated and yet to be discovered.
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Ardani IGAW, Budipramana M, Rachmawati E, Nugraha AP, Ardana IKKG, Budhy TI, Hassan R, Listyorini D, Sarno R. COL1A1 and FGFR2 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Found in Class II and Class III Skeletal Malocclusions in Javanese Population. Eur J Dent 2022; 17:183-190. [PMID: 35672017 PMCID: PMC9949934 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1744371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this article is to analyze and compare the presence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of COL1A1 and FGFR2 in class II and class III Javanese populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cephalometric radiographs from total 63 patients of class II and III were analyzed. SNP analysis was performed based on both COL1A1 and FGFR2 sequences amplified from total DNA of patients' fresh blood. Principal component analysis was done to calculate the data and find the correlation of the cephalometric indicators influenced by each mutation. t-test and Mann-Whitney analysis were performed to check the significance of differences occurred in each studied parameter (p < 0.05). RESULT There were three COL1A1 SNPs found in class II and only two in class III, while three FGFR2 SNPs found in both classes. Class II phenotype seemed to be strongly influenced by Y-axis and mandibular plane angle, while class III by lower gonial angle and mandibular plane angle. CONCLUSION Based on this study, we suggest that rs2249492 of COL1A1 and rs2981582 of FGFR2 play important roles in class III, while rs2277632 of COL1A1 and rs2981582 of FGFR2 play important role in class II skeletal malocclusion in Javanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia,Address for correspondence I Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani, DDS, MSc, MSc.Ort., PhD Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas AirlanggaSurabaya, Indonesia 10110
| | - Melisa Budipramana
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
| | - Erlina Rachmawati
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Alexander Patera Nugraha
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - I Kade Karisma Gita Ardana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Theresia Indah Budhy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Rozita Hassan
- Orthodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Dwi Listyorini
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Riyanarto Sarno
- Department of Informatics, Institute Technology of Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Atteeri A, Neela PK, Mamillapalli PK, Sesham VM, Keesara S, Chandra J, Monica U, Mohan V, Miryala S, Khan FA, Makthal P. Analysis of MYO1H Gene Polymorphism in Skeletal Class-III Malocclusion Due to Mandibular Prognathism. Glob Med Genet 2021; 8:156-161. [PMID: 34877573 PMCID: PMC8635817 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Mandibular prognathism (MP) is a craniofacial deformity resulting from the combined effects of environmental and genetic factors. Although various linkage and genome-wide association studies for mandibular prognathism have identified multiple strongly associated regions and genes, the causal genes and variants responsible for the deformity remained ambiguous.
Aim
This research work was aimed to study the association between polymorphism rs10850110 of the
MYO1H
gene and skeletal class-III malocclusion in our local population.
Materials and Methods
Thirty patients with skeletal class III due to mandibular prognathism in the study group and 30 patients with skeletal class I in the control group were selected for this study. These patients were from both sexes and above age 10 years. Based on the cephalometric values, patients were categorized into study and control groups. SNB (angle between sella, nasion and point B at nasion) greater than 82 degrees with an ANB (angle between point A, nasion and point B at nasion) of less than 0 degrees in the study group and ANB (angle between point A, nasion and point B at nasion) of 2 to 4 degrees in the control group were categorized. The polymorphism (rs10850110) of the
MYO1H
gene was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Associations were tested with SNP exact test using SNPstats software.
Results
The single-nucleotide polymorphism rs10850110 showed a statistically significant association with mandibular prognathism. The G allele of marker rs10850110 (5′ of myosin1H
- MYO1H
) was overrepresented when compared with the “A” allele in mandibular prognathism cases (
p
< 0.0001), and this was very significant.
Conclusion
These results suggest that the rs10850110 polymorphism of the
MYO1H
gene is associated with an increased risk for mandibular prognathism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Atteeri
- Department of Orthodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Neela
- Department of Orthodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India
| | - Pavan Kumar Mamillapalli
- Department of Orthodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India
| | - Vasu M Sesham
- Department of Orthodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India
| | - Sreekanth Keesara
- Department of Orthodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India
| | - Jaya Chandra
- Department of Orthodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India
| | - Udayini Monica
- Department of Orthodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India
| | - Vasavi Mohan
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Vasavi Medical and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shubhangi Miryala
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Vasavi Medical and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Fatema A Khan
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Vasavi Medical and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Priyanka Makthal
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Vasavi Medical and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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11
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Genes and Pathways Associated with Skeletal Sagittal Malocclusions: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313037. [PMID: 34884839 PMCID: PMC8657482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal class II and III malocclusions are craniofacial disorders that negatively impact people’s quality of life worldwide. Unfortunately, the growth patterns of skeletal malocclusions and their clinical correction prognoses are difficult to predict largely due to lack of knowledge of their precise etiology. Inspired by the strong inheritance pattern of a specific type of skeletal malocclusion, previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were reanalyzed, resulting in the identification of 19 skeletal class II malocclusion-associated and 53 skeletal class III malocclusion-associated genes. Functional enrichment of these genes created a signal pathway atlas in which most of the genes were associated with bone and cartilage growth and development, as expected, while some were characterized by functions related to skeletal muscle maturation and construction. Interestingly, several genes and enriched pathways are involved in both skeletal class II and III malocclusions, indicating the key regulatory effects of these genes and pathways in craniofacial development. There is no doubt that further investigation is necessary to validate these recognized genes’ and pathways’ specific function(s) related to maxillary and mandibular development. In summary, this systematic review provides initial insight on developing novel gene-based treatment strategies for skeletal malocclusions and paves the path for precision medicine where dental care providers can make an accurate prediction of the craniofacial growth of an individual patient based on his/her genetic profile.
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12
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Han X, Xiong X, Shi X, Chen F, Li Y. Targeted sequencing of NOTCH signaling pathway genes and association analysis of variants correlated with mandibular prognathism. Head Face Med 2021; 17:17. [PMID: 34039391 PMCID: PMC8152080 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-021-00268-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this study was to systematically identify variants in NOTCH signaling pathway genes that correlate with mandibular prognathism (MP) in the general Chinese population. Methods Targeted sequencing of NOTCH signaling pathway genes was conducted in 199 MP individuals and 197 class I malocclusion control individuals. The associations of common and rare variants with MP, cephalometric parameters, and continuous cephalometric phenotypes were analyzed by principal component (PC) analysis. The associations between rare variants and MP were tested for each gene. Results Six SNPs, including rs415929, rs520688, and rs423023 in an exonic region of NOTCH4; rs1044006 in an exonic region of NOTCH3; rs1051415 in an exonic region of JAG1; and rs75236173 in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of NUMB were associated with MP (P < 0.05). One common variant, rs1051415, in an exonic region of JAG1 was significantly related to PC1 (P = 3.608 × 10− 4), which explained 24.3% of the overall phenotypic variation observed and corresponded to the sagittal mandibular position towards the maxilla, ranging from a posterior positioned mandible to an anterior positioned mandible. Additionally, 41 other variants were associated with PC1–5 (P < 0.05). With respect to rare variant analysis, variants within the EP300, NCOR2, and PSEN2 gene showed an association with MP (t < 0 .05). Conclusions An association between NOTCH signaling pathway genes and MP has been identified. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13005-021-00268-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhuo Han
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road, 399, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xueyan Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiujuan Shi
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fengshan Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road, 399, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Yongming Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road, 399, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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13
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Yamaguchi T, Kim YI, Mohamed A, Hikita Y, Takahashi M, Haga S, Park SB, Maki K. Methods in Genetic Analysis for Evaluation Mandibular Shape and Size Variations in Human Mandible. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 33:e97-e101. [PMID: 33867516 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The human mandible has been investigated from both clinical and evolutionary perspectives. Recent advances in genome science have identified the genetic regulation of human mandibular shape and size. Identification of genes that regulate mandibular shape and size would not only enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of mandibular growth and development but also help define a strategy to prevent mandibular dysplasia. This review provides a comprehensive summary of why and how the mandible was evaluated in the human mandible genome study. The variation in human mandibular shape and size has been progressively clarified, not only by focusing on the mandible alone but also by using extremely diverse approaches. The methods of data acquisition for evaluating human mandibular shape and size variation are well established. Furthermore, this review explains how to proceed with future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsutaro Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, Kanagawa Dental University, Japan Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan Department of Orthodontics, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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14
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Neela PK, Atteeri A, Mamillapalli PK, Sesham VM, Keesara S, Chandra J, Monica U, Mohan V. Genetics of Dentofacial and Orthodontic Abnormalities. Glob Med Genet 2021; 7:95-100. [PMID: 33693441 PMCID: PMC7938796 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1722303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of craniofacial complex and dental structures is a complex and delicate process guided by specific genetic mechanisms. Genetic and environmental factors can influence the execution of these mechanisms and result in abnormalities. An insight into the mechanisms and genes involved in the development of orofacial and dental structures has gradually gained by pedigree analysis of families and twin studies as well as experimental studies on vertebrate models. The development of novel treatment techniques depends on in-depth knowledge of the various molecular or cellular processes and genes involved in the development of the orofacial complex. This review article focuses on the role of genes in the development of nonsyndromic orofacial, dentofacial variations, malocclusions, excluding cleft lip palate, and the advancements in the field of molecular genetics and its application to obtain better treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar Neela
- Department of Orthodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, India
| | - Anjana Atteeri
- Department of Orthodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, India
| | | | - Vasu Murthy Sesham
- Department of Orthodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, India
| | - Sreekanth Keesara
- Department of Orthodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, India
| | - Jaya Chandra
- Department of Orthodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, India
| | - Udayini Monica
- Department of Orthodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, India
| | - Vasavi Mohan
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Vasavi Medical and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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15
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Genetic factors contributing to skeletal class III malocclusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:1587-1612. [PMID: 33550467 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03731-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present systematic review aims to report and critically assess the findings of the available scientific evidence from genetic association studies examining the genetic variants underlying skeletal class III malocclusion and its sub-phenotypes. MATERIAL AND METHODS A pre-piloted protocol was registered and followed. The PubMed, Scopus, WOS, Cochrane Library, Gray Open literature, and CADTH databases were explored for genetic association studies following PICOS-based selection criteria. The research was reported in accordance with PRISMA statement and HuGE guidelines. The Q-genie tool was applied to assess the quality of genetic studies. Meta-analysis of genetic association studies was done by means of Meta-Genyo tool. RESULTS A total of 8258 articles were retrieved, of which 22 were selected for in-depth analysis. Most of the studies did not differentiate between sub-phenotypes, and the cohorts were heterogeneous regarding ethnicity. Four to five principal components of class III malocclusion explained the phenotypic variation, and gene variants at MYO1H(rs10850110), BMP3(rs1390319), GHR (rs2973015,rs6184, rs2973015), FGF7(rs372127537), FGF10(rs593307), and SNAI3(rs4287555) (p < .05) explained most of the variation across the studies, associated to vertical, horizontal, or combined skeletal discrepancies. Meta-analysis results identified a statistically significant association between risk of class III malocclusion of A allele of the FBN3 rs7351083 [OR 2.13; 95% CI 1.1-4.1; p 0.02; recessive model]. CONCLUSION Skeletal class III is a polygenic trait substantially modulated by ethnicity. A multicentric approach should be considered in future studies to increase sample sizes, applying multivariate analysis such as PCA and cluster analysis to characterize existing sub-phenotypes warranting a deeper analysis of genetic variants contributing to skeletal class III craniofacial disharmony. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Grasping the underlying mechanisms of this pathology is critical for a fuller understanding of its etiology, allowing generation of preventive strategies, new individualized therapeutic approaches and more accurate treatment planification strategies.
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16
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Yamada T, Sugiyama G, Mori Y. Masticatory muscle function affects the pathological conditions of dentofacial deformities. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2020; 56:56-61. [PMID: 31956379 PMCID: PMC6957801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The causes of dentofacial deformities include various known syndromes, genetics, environmental and neuromuscular factors, trauma, and tumors. Above all, the functional effects of muscles are important, and deformation of the mandible is often associated with a mechanical imbalance of the masticatory muscles. With the vertical position of the face, weakness of the sling of the masseter muscle and medial pterygoid muscle causes dilatation of the mandibular angle. In patients with a deep bite, excessive function of the masticatory muscles is reported. Myosin heavy chain (MyHC) properties also affect jawbone morphology. In short-face patients, the proportion of type II fibers, which are fast muscles, is high. The proportions of muscle fiber types are genetically determined but can be altered by postnatal environmental factors. Orthognathic surgery may results in the transition of MyHC to type II (fast) fibers, but excessive stretching enhances the release of inflammatory mediators and causes a shift toward a greater proportion of slow muscle fibers. This feature can be related to postoperative relapse. Bones and muscles are in close crosstalk, and it may be possible to use biochemical approaches as well as biomechanical considerations for the treatment of jaw deformities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yamada
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Goro Sugiyama
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Mori
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Japan
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17
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de Frutos-Valle L, Martin C, Alarcón JA, Palma-Fernández JC, Ortega R, Iglesias-Linares A. Sub-clustering in skeletal class III malocclusion phenotypes via principal component analysis in a southern European population. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17882. [PMID: 33087764 PMCID: PMC7578100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74488-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to generate an adequate sub-phenotypic clustering model of class III skeletal malocclusion in an adult population of southern European origin. The study design was conducted in two phases, a preliminary cross-sectional study and a subsequent discriminatory evaluation by main component and cluster analysis to identify differentiated skeletal sub-groups with differentiated phenotypic characteristics. Radiometric data from 699 adult patients of southern European origin were analyzed in 212 selected subjects affected by class III skeletal malocclusion. The varimax rotation was used with Kaiser normalization, to prevent variables with more explanatory capacity from affecting the rotation. A total of 21,624 radiographic measurements were obtained as part of the cluster model generation, using a total set of 55 skeletal variables for the subsequent analysis of the major component and cluster analyses. Ten main axes were generated representing 92.7% of the total variation. Three main components represented 58.5%, with particular sagittal and vertical variables acting as major descriptors. Post hoc phenotypic clustering retrieved six clusters: C1:9.9%, C2:18.9%, C3:33%, C4:3.77%, C5:16%, and C6:16%. In conclusion, phenotypic variation was found in the southern European skeletal class III population, demonstrating the existence of phenotypic variations between identified clusters in different ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- L de Frutos-Valle
- Section of Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Martin
- Section of Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Craniofacial Biology Research Group, BIOCRAN, Complutense University, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Alarcón
- Section of Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada, Spain
| | - J C Palma-Fernández
- Section of Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Ortega
- Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Iglesias-Linares
- Section of Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain. .,Craniofacial Biology Research Group, BIOCRAN, Complutense University, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Cunha AS, Dos Santos LV, Marañón-Vásquez GA, Kirschneck C, Gerber JT, Stuani MB, Matsumoto MAN, Vieira AR, Scariot R, Küchler EC. Genetic variants in tooth agenesis-related genes might be also involved in tooth size variations. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:1307-1318. [PMID: 32648061 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to evaluate if genetic variants in PAX9, MSX1, TGFα, FGF3, FGF10, FGF13, GLI2 and GLI3 are involved in TS of permanent teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pretreatment dental records from orthodontic patients were assessed prior to recruitment. Patients with tooth agenesis and congenital anomalies (including oral cleft) and/or syndromes were excluded. Dental casts were used to measure the maximum crown dimensions of all fully erupted permanent teeth except second and third molars in mesiodistal direction. Teeth with caries, occlusal wear, mesiodistal restorations, and obvious deformities were not evaluated. Genomic DNA samples were used for genotyping. The allelic discrimination of 13 genetic variants was performed. The associations between TS and genotype were analyzed by linear regression, adjusted by gender at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS Genetic polymorphisms in the tooth agenesis-related genes studied here were associated with increased and decreased TS, in both maxilla and mandible (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study reported associations of novel tooth agenesis-related gene variants with permanent tooth size variations. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The presence of some genetic variants could allow the prediction of permanent tooth size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur S Cunha
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n - Campus da USP, Sao Paulo, 4040-904, Brazil.
| | - Luiza Vertuan Dos Santos
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n - Campus da USP, Sao Paulo, 4040-904, Brazil
| | - Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n - Campus da USP, Sao Paulo, 4040-904, Brazil
| | - Christian Kirschneck
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Centre of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Maria Bernadete Stuani
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n - Campus da USP, Sao Paulo, 4040-904, Brazil
| | - Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n - Campus da USP, Sao Paulo, 4040-904, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Rezende Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 412 Salk Pavilion, 335 Sutherland Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Rafaela Scariot
- Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Erika Calvano Küchler
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n - Campus da USP, Sao Paulo, 4040-904, Brazil.
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19
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Rodrigues AS, Teixeira EC, Antunes LS, Nelson-Filho P, Cunha AS, Levy SC, de Souza Araújo MT, de Carvalho Ramos AG, Cruz GV, Omori MA, Matsumoto MAN, Vieira AR, Küchler EC, Marañón-Vásquez GA, Antunes LAA. Association between craniofacial morphological patterns and tooth agenesis-related genes. Prog Orthod 2020; 21:9. [PMID: 32249341 PMCID: PMC7131971 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-020-00309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to assess if genetic polymorphisms in tooth agenesis (TA)-related genes are associated with craniofacial morphological patterns. Methods This cross-sectional, multi-center, genetic study evaluated 594 orthodontic Brazilians patients. The presence or absence of TA was determined by analysis of panoramic radiography. The patients were classified according to their skeletal malocclusion and facial growth pattern by means of digital cephalometric analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from squamous epithelial cells of buccal mucosa and genetic polymorphisms in MSX1 (rs1042484), PAX9 (rs8004560), TGF-α (rs2902345), FGF3 (rs1893047), FGF10 (rs900379), and FGF13 (rs12838463, rs5931572, and rs5974804) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction using TaqMan chemistry and end-point analysis. Results Genotypes (p = 0.038) and allele (p = 0.037) distributions for the FGF3 rs1893047 were significantly different according to the skeletal malocclusion. Carrying at least one G allele increased in more than two times the chance of presenting skeletal class III malocclusion (OR = 2.21, CI 95% = 1.14–4.32; p = 0.017). There was no association between another skeletal craniofacial pattern and some polymorphism assessed in the present study. Conclusion Our results suggest that the genetic polymorphism rs1893047 in FGF3 might contribute to variations in the craniofacial sagittal pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Silva Rodrigues
- School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Rua São Paulo 28, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ, 24020-150, Brazil
| | - Ellen Cardoso Teixeira
- School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Doutor Sílvio Henrique Braune 22, Niterói, Nova Friburgo, RJ, 28625-650, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Santos Antunes
- School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Doutor Sílvio Henrique Braune 22, Niterói, Nova Friburgo, RJ, 28625-650, Brazil.,Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Mario Santos Braga 30, Niterói, RJ, 24020-140, Brazil
| | - Paulo Nelson-Filho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n-Campus da USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Arthur Silva Cunha
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n-Campus da USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Simone Carvalho Levy
- School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Rua São Paulo 28, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ, 24020-150, Brazil
| | - Mônica Tirre de Souza Araújo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 325-Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-617, Brazil
| | | | - Giuseppe Valduga Cruz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Positivo University, Rua Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza 5300-Campo Comprido, Curitiba, PR, 81200-452, Brazil
| | - Marjorie Ayumi Omori
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n-Campus da USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n-Campus da USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Rezende Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 412 Salk Pavilion, 335 Sutherland Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Erika Calvano Küchler
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n-Campus da USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Positivo University, Rua Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza 5300-Campo Comprido, Curitiba, PR, 81200-452, Brazil
| | - Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 325-Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-617, Brazil.
| | - Lívia Azeredo Alves Antunes
- School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Rua São Paulo 28, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ, 24020-150, Brazil. .,School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Doutor Sílvio Henrique Braune 22, Niterói, Nova Friburgo, RJ, 28625-650, Brazil.
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20
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Abstract
Introduction: Genetics has been suggested as an explanation for the etiology of malocclusions, although some questions, due to the perception that genetic inheritance is tied to a monogenic or Mendelian form of inheritance. Objective: This paper describes the inheritance of malocclusions, highlighting the areas of knowledge where research has explored mechanisms that explain deviations in patterns of craniofacial growth. Conclusion: Malocclusions have a complex or multifactorial pattern of inheritance, where more than one gene is involved in the development of the phenotype. There is also the possibility that the environment influences malocclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh/PA, EUA)
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de Frutos-Valle L, Martin C, Alarcon JA, Palma-Fernandez JC, Iglesias-Linares A. Subclustering in Skeletal Class III Phenotypes of Different Ethnic Origins: A Systematic Review. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2018; 19:34-52. [PMID: 30926101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to systematically review articles investigating the efficiency of the clustering of skeletal class III malocclusion phenotypic subtypes of different ethnic origins as a diagnostic tool. METHODS The review protocol was structured in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement and registered in Prospero (CRD42016053865). A survey of articles published up to March 2018 investigating the identification of different subgroups of skeletal class III malocclusion via cluster analysis was performed using 11 electronic databases. Any type of study design that addressed the classification of subclusters of class III malocclusion was considered. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale for cohort and cross-sectional (modified) studies was used for quality assessment. RESULTS The final selection included 7 studies that met all the criteria for eligibility (% overall agreement 0.889, free marginal kappa 0.778). All studies identified at least 3 different types of class III clusters (ranging from 3 to 14 clusters; the total variation of the prevalence of each cluster ranged from 0.2% to 36.0%). The main shared variables used to describe the more prevalent clusters in the studies included were vertical measurements (Ar-Go-Me: 117.51°-135.8°); sagittal measurements: maxilla (SNA: 75.3°-82.95°), mandible (SNB: 77.03°-85.0°). With regard to ethnicity, a mean number of 8.5 and 3.5 clusters of class III were retrieved for Asian and Caucasian population, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The total number of clusters identified varied from 3 to 14 to explain all the variability in the phenotype class III malocclusions. Although each extreme may be too simple or complex to facilitate an exhaustive but useful classification for clinical use, a classification system including 4 to 7 clusters may prove to be efficient for clinical use in conjunction with complete and meticulous subgrouping. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The identification and description of a subclustering classification system may constitute an additional step toward more precise orthodontic/orthopedic diagnosis and treatment of skeletal class III malocclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Conchita Martin
- Section of Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; BIOCRAN (Craniofacial Biology) Research Group, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose Antonio Alarcon
- BIOCRAN (Craniofacial Biology) Research Group, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Odontology, University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Iglesias-Linares
- Section of Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; BIOCRAN (Craniofacial Biology) Research Group, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Adel M, Yamaguchi T, Tomita D, Kim YI, Takahashi M, Nakawaki T, Hikita Y, Haga S, Nadim M, Kawaguchi A, Isa M, El-Kenany W, El-Kadi AA, Park SB, Ishida H, Maki K, Kimura R. Association between the FGFR1 rs13317 single nucleotide polymorphism and orbitale-nasion depth based on cephalometric images. J Hum Genet 2018; 63:901-909. [PMID: 29872111 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-018-0471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) gene plays an important role in craniofacial morphogenesis. In our previous study, an association between FGFR1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and craniofacial morphology was demonstrated in Japanese and Korean subjects. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between a common FGFR1 SNP (rs13317) with craniofacial morphology, increasing the number of measurements and examining Egyptian subjects (n = 191) in addition to the Japanese (n = 211) and Korean (n = 226) subjects. Genotyping for rs13317 was performed using the TaqMan assay, and its associations with 81 craniofacial measurements derived from lateral and posteroanterior cephalograms were analyzed by multiple regression analysis controlling sex and facial size. The results from each of the populations were then statistically combined. In the Egyptian subjects, rs13317 was significantly associated with the nasion-orbitale depth (P = 0.00040), and a suggestive association was also observed in the Japanese (P = 0.037) and Korean subjects (P = 0.045). The combined analysis revealed that only the nasion-orbitale depth showed a significant association (P = 0.000062) and that several measurements showed a suggestive association. Our results strongly indicate that rs13317 is associated with a smaller depth between the nasion and orbitale, representing a relative protrusion of the cheekbones and retrusion of the nasal root. A similar characteristic is also observed in individuals with Pfeiffer syndrome, which is caused by a dysfunctional FGFR1 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Adel
- Department of Orthodontics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthodontics, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | - Daisuke Tomita
- Department of Orthodontics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | | | | | - Yu Hikita
- Department of Orthodontics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shugo Haga
- Department of Orthodontics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mohamed Nadim
- Department of Orthodontics, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Akira Kawaguchi
- Department of Human Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Isa
- Department of Human Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Walid El-Kenany
- Department of Orthodontics, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abbadi A El-Kadi
- Department of Orthodontics, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Soo-Byung Park
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hajime Ishida
- Department of Human Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Koutaro Maki
- Department of Orthodontics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kimura
- Department of Human Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
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