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Massoud G, Parish M, Hazimeh D, Moukarzel P, Singh B, Cayton Vaught KC, Segars J, Islam MS. Unlocking the potential of tranilast: Targeting fibrotic signaling pathways for therapeutic benefit. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112423. [PMID: 38861914 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix in an organ or tissue that results from an impaired tissue repair in response to tissue injury or chronic inflammation. The progressive nature of fibrotic diseases and limited treatment options represent significant healthcare challenges. Despite the substantial progress in understanding the mechanisms of fibrosis, a gap persists translating this knowledge into effective therapeutics. Here, we discuss the critical mediators involved in fibrosis and the role of tranilast as a potential antifibrotic drug to treat fibrotic conditions. Tranilast, an antiallergy drug, is a derivative of tryptophan and has been studied for its role in various fibrotic diseases. These include scleroderma, keloid and hypertrophic scars, liver fibrosis, renal fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and uterine fibroids. Tranilast exerts antifibrotic effects by suppressing fibrotic pathways, including TGF-β, and MPAK. Because it disrupts fibrotic pathways and has demonstrated beneficial effects against keloid and hypertrophic scars, tranilast could be used to treat other conditions characterized by fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaelle Massoud
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Maclaine Parish
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dana Hazimeh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Pamela Moukarzel
- American University of Beirut Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bhuchitra Singh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kamaria C Cayton Vaught
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - James Segars
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Md Soriful Islam
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Shiozaki A, Inoue H, Shimizu H, Kosuga T, Takemoto K, Kudou M, Ohashi T, Arita T, Konishi H, Komatsu S, Kubota T, Fujiwara H, Otsuji E. Cancer Stem Cells of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma are Suppressed by Inhibitors of TRPV2 and SLC12A2. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:8743-8754. [PMID: 37684371 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14247-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential of membrane transporters activated in cancer stem cells (CSCs) as new therapeutic targets for cancer is attracting increasing interest. Therefore, the present study examined the expression profiles of ion transport-related molecules in the CSCs of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). METHODS Cells that highly expressed aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 (ALDH1A1) were separated from OE33 cells, a human Barrett's EAC cell line, by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. CSCs were identified based on the formation of tumorspheres. Gene expression profiles in CSCs were examined by a microarray analysis. RESULTS Among OE33 cells, ALDH1A1 messenger RNA levels were higher in CSCs than in non-CSCs. Furthermore, CSCs exhibited resistance to cisplatin and had the capacity to redifferentiate. The results of the microarray analysis of CSCs showed the up-regulated expression of several genes related to ion channels/transporters, such as transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) and solute carrier family 12 member 2 (SLC12A2). The cytotoxicities of the TRPV2 inhibitor tranilast and the SLC12A2 inhibitor furosemide were higher at lower concentrations in CSCs than in non-CSCs, and both markedly reduced the number of tumorspheres. The cell population among OE33 cells that highly expressed ALDH1A1 also was significantly decreased by these inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Based on the present results, TRPV2 and SLC12A2 are involved in the maintenance of CSCs, and their specific inhibitors, tranilast and furosemide, respectively, have potential as targeted therapeutic agents for EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Shiozaki
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Inoue
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kosuga
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenichi Takemoto
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michihiro Kudou
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuma Ohashi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Arita
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Konishi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuhei Komatsu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kubota
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Fujiwara
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Shiozaki A, Inoue H, Otsuji E. ASO Author Reflections: Cancer Stem Cells of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma are Suppressed by Inhibitors of TRPV2 and SLC12A2. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:8594-8595. [PMID: 37672146 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14269-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Shiozaki
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Inoue
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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4
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Shiozaki A, Fukami T, Shimizu H, Kosuga T, Kudou M, Takemoto K, Katsurahara K, Nishibeppu K, Ohashi T, Arita T, Konishi H, Komatsu S, Kubota T, Fujiwara H, Otsuji E. Effects of TRPV2 on the Expression of PD-L1 and Its Binding Ability to PD-1 in Gastric Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:8704-8716. [PMID: 37599296 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) is a member of the TRP superfamily of non-specific cation channels with functionally diverse roles. We herein investigated the effects of TRPV2 on the expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its binding ability to programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) in gastric cancer (GC). METHODS Knockdown (KD) experiments were performed on human GC cell lines using TRPV2 small-interfering RNA. The surface expression of PD-L1 and its binding ability to PD-1 were analyzed by flow cytometry. Eighty primary tissue samples were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and the relationships between IHC results, clinicopathological factors, and patient prognosis were analyzed. The molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of TRPV2 on the intracellular ion environment were also investigated. RESULTS TRPV2-KD decreased the expression level of PD-L1 in NUGC4 and MKN7 cells, thereby inhibiting its binding to PD-1. A survival analysis revealed that 5-year overall survival rates were significantly lower in the TRPV2 high expression and PD-L1-positive groups. In IHC multivariate analysis of GC patients, high TRPV2 expression was identified as an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between the expression of TRPV2 and PD-L1. An immunofluorescence analysis showed that TRPV2-KD decreased the intracellular concentration of calcium ([Ca2+]i). Treatment with ionomycin/PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate), which increased [Ca2+]i, upregulated the protein expression of PD-L1 and promoted its binding to PD-1. CONCLUSIONS The surface expression of PD-L1 and its binding ability to PD-1 in GC were regulated by TRPV2 through [Ca2+]i, indicating the potential of TRPV2 as a biomarker and target of immune checkpoint blockage for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Shiozaki
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Fukami
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kosuga
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michihiro Kudou
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenichi Takemoto
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keita Katsurahara
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiji Nishibeppu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuma Ohashi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Arita
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Konishi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuhei Komatsu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kubota
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Fujiwara
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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5
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Shiozaki A, Fukami T, Otsuji E. ASO Author Reflections: Effects of TRPV2 on the Expression of PD-L1 and Its Ability to Bind to PD-1 in Gastric Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:8590-8591. [PMID: 37561347 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14121-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Shiozaki
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Fukami
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Silvestri R, Nicolì V, Gangadharannambiar P, Crea F, Bootman MD. Calcium signalling pathways in prostate cancer initiation and progression. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:524-543. [PMID: 36964408 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells proliferate, differentiate and migrate by repurposing physiological signalling mechanisms. In particular, altered calcium signalling is emerging as one of the most widespread adaptations in cancer cells. Remodelling of calcium signalling promotes the development of several malignancies, including prostate cancer. Gene expression data from in vitro, in vivo and bioinformatics studies using patient samples and xenografts have shown considerable changes in the expression of various components of the calcium signalling toolkit during the development of prostate cancer. Moreover, preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that altered calcium signalling is a crucial component of the molecular re-programming that drives prostate cancer progression. Evidence points to calcium signalling re-modelling, commonly involving crosstalk between calcium and other cellular signalling pathways, underpinning the onset and temporal progression of this disease. Discrete alterations in calcium signalling have been implicated in hormone-sensitive, castration-resistant and aggressive variant forms of prostate cancer. Hence, modulation of calcium signals and downstream effector molecules is a plausible therapeutic strategy for both early and late stages of prostate cancer. Based on this premise, clinical trials have been undertaken to establish the feasibility of targeting calcium signalling specifically for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa Nicolì
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Crea
- Cancer Research Group, School of Life Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Martin D Bootman
- Cancer Research Group, School of Life Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.
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Weidenbaum C, Gibson MK. Approach to Localized Squamous Cell Cancer of the Esophagus. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2022; 23:1370-1387. [PMID: 36042147 PMCID: PMC9526684 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-022-01003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Esophageal cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with an increasing incidence in recent decades. The majority of esophageal cancers are squamous cell carcinoma. The 5-year survival rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is poor, and there remains globally a pressing need for novel treatments that improve patient outcomes and quality of life. In this review, we discuss management of localized ESCC with an update on relevant newly published literature, including targeted therapy and novel biomarkers. The standard treatment approach for locally advanced, resectable ESCC is currently chemoradiation with or without surgery. Here we discuss different approaches to endoscopic resection, surgery, and radiation therapy. Although the typical chemotherapy regimen is a combination of a platinum with a fluoropyrimidine or paclitaxel, different regimens are being evaluated. With the landscape of immunotherapy rapidly evolving, at the forefront of new treatments for ESCC is immunotherapy and other targeted agents. Ultimately, the treatment approach should be individualized to each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Weidenbaum
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center Nashville, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael K Gibson
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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Ochi K, Suzawa K, Thu YM, Takatsu F, Tsudaka S, Zhu Y, Nakata K, Takeda T, Shien K, Yamamoto H, Okazaki M, Sugimoto S, Shien T, Okamoto Y, Tomida S, Toyooka S. Drug repositioning of tranilast to sensitize a cancer therapy by targeting cancer‐associated fibroblast. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3428-3436. [PMID: 35871750 PMCID: PMC9530873 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major component of the tumor microenvironment that mediate resistance of cancer cells to anticancer drugs. Tranilast is an antiallergic drug that suppresses the release of cytokines from various inflammatory cells. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of tranilast on the interactions between non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and the CAFs in the tumor microenvironment. Three EGFR‐mutant NSCLC cell lines, two KRAS‐mutant cell lines, and three CAFs derived from NSCLC patients were used. To mimic the tumor microenvironment, the NSCLC cells were cocultured with the CAFs in vitro, and the molecular profiles and sensitivity to molecular targeted therapy were assessed. Crosstalk between NSCLC cells and CAFs induced multiple biological effects on the NSCLC cells both in vivo and in vitro, including activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway, promotion of xenograft tumor growth, induction of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), and acquisition of resistance to molecular‐targeted therapy, including EGFR‐mutant NSCLC cells to osimertinib and of KRAS‐mutant NSCLC cells to selumetinib. Treatment with tranilast led to inhibition of IL‐6 secretion from the CAFs, which, in turn, resulted in inhibition of CAF‐induced phospho‐STAT3 upregulation. Tranilast also inhibited CAF‐induced EMT in the NSCLC cells. Finally, combined administration of tranilast with molecular‐targeted therapy reversed the CAF‐mediated resistance of the NSCLC cells to the molecular‐targeted drugs, both in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that combined administration of tranilast with molecular‐targeted therapy is a possible new treatment strategy to overcome drug resistance caused by cancer‐CAF interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Ochi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Joint School of Veterinary Medicine Tottori University Tottori Japan
| | - Ken Suzawa
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Yin Min Thu
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Fumiaki Takatsu
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Shimpei Tsudaka
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Yidan Zhu
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
- Shenyang Children's Hospital Shenyang China
| | - Kentaro Nakata
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Takeda
- Departments of Pharmacy Okayama University Hospital Okayama Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Shien
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Hiromasa Yamamoto
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Mikio Okazaki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Seiichiro Sugimoto
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Tadahiko Shien
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Joint School of Veterinary Medicine Tottori University Tottori Japan
| | - Shuta Tomida
- Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine Okayama University Hospital Okayama Japan
| | - Shinichi Toyooka
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
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Kato S, Shiozaki A, Otsuji E. ASO Author Reflections: TRPV2 and Gastric Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:2957-2958. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-11186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Leveraging cellular mechano-responsiveness for cancer therapy. Trends Mol Med 2021; 28:155-169. [PMID: 34973934 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cells sense the biophysical properties of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and adopt these signals in their development, progression, and metastatic dissemination. Recent work highlights the mechano-responsiveness of cells in tumors and the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, approaches to mechano-modulating diverse types of cell have emerged aiming to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. These include targeting mechanosensitive machineries in cancer cells to induce apoptosis, intervening matrix stiffening incurred by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in both primary and metastatic tumor sites, and modulating matrix mechanics to improve immune cell therapeutic efficacy. This review is envisaged to help scientists and clinicians in cancer research to advance understanding of the cellular mechano-responsiveness in TME, and to harness these concepts for cancer mechanotherapies.
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11
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Kato S, Shiozaki A, Kudou M, Shimizu H, Kosuga T, Ohashi T, Arita T, Konishi H, Komatsu S, Kubota T, Fujiwara H, Okamoto K, Kishimoto M, Konishi E, Otsuji E. TRPV2 Promotes Cell Migration and Invasion in Gastric Cancer via the Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling Pathway. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 29:2944-2956. [PMID: 34855064 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-11132-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) is a highly Ca2+-permeable ion channel that is involved in a number of cellular processes. It is expressed in various human cancers; however, the role of TRPV2 in gastric cancer (GC) remains poorly understood. METHODS TRPV2 gene expression was knocked down in GC cell lines by small-interfering RNA (siRNA), and the biological roles of TRPV2 in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells were then investigated. The gene expression profile of GC was elucidated using a microarray analysis. TRPV2 expression in tumor tissue sections was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The migration and invasion abilities of GC cells were inhibited by the knockdown of TRPV2. Moreover, the microarray assay revealed that TRPV2 was associated with the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the strong expression of TRPV2 correlated with lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, pathological T (pT), pathological N (pN), and a poor prognosis in GC patients. CONCLUSIONS TRPV2 appeared to promote tumor migration and invasion via the TGF-β signaling pathway, and the strong expression of TRPV2 was associated with a worse prognosis in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Kato
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shiozaki
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Michihiro Kudou
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kosuga
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuma Ohashi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Arita
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Konishi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuhei Komatsu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kubota
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Fujiwara
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuma Okamoto
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Eiichi Konishi
- Department of Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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12
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Shiozaki A, Marunaka Y, Otsuji E. Roles of Ion and Water Channels in the Cell Death and Survival of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:616933. [PMID: 33777930 PMCID: PMC7991738 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.616933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion and water channels were recently shown to be involved in cancer cell functions, and various transporter types have been detected in upper gastrointestinal tract (UGI) cancers. Current information on the expression and roles of these channels and transporters in the death and survival of UGI cancer cells was reviewed herein, and the potential of their regulation for cancer management was investigated. Esophageal cancer (EC) and gastric cancer (GC) cells and tissues express many different types of ion channels, including voltage-gated K+, Cl-, and Ca2+, and transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, which regulate the progression of cancer. Aquaporin (AQP) 1, 3, and 5 are water channels that contribute to the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and GC. Intracellular pH regulators, including the anion exchanger (AE), sodium hydrogen exchanger (NHE), and vacuolar H+-ATPases (V-ATPase), also play roles in the functions of UGI cancer cells. We have previously conducted gene expression profiling and revealed that the regulatory mechanisms underlying apoptosis in ESCC cells involved various types of Cl- channels, Ca2+ channels, water channels, and pH regulators (Shimizu et al., 2014; Ariyoshi et al., 2017; Shiozaki et al., 2017, 2018a; Kobayashi et al., 2018; Yamazato et al., 2018; Konishi et al., 2019; Kudou et al., 2019; Katsurahara et al., 2020, 2021; Matsumoto et al., 2021; Mitsuda et al., 2021). We have also previously demonstrated the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of their expression in ESCC patients, and shown that their pharmacological blockage and gene silencing had an impact on carcinogenesis, indicating their potential as targets for the treatment of UGI cancers. A more detailed understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying cell death and survival of UGI cancers may result in the application of cellular physiological methods as novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Shiozaki
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Marunaka
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Research Institute for Clinical Physiology, Kyoto Industrial Health Association, Kyoto, Japan.,Research Center for Drug Discovery and Pharmaceutical Development Science, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Qu D, Guo H, Xu Y. Effects of Tranilast on Inflammasome and Macrophage Phenotype in a Mouse Model of Myocardial Infarction. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2021; 41:102-110. [PMID: 33750216 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2020.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been a devastating actuality and accounts for half of cardiovascular emergency department visits. Nucleotide oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome participates in the mediation of myocardial inflammation during AMI. Therefore, this study aimed to reveal the therapeutic function of tranilast, an agent targeting NLRP3, for AMI. AMI mouse model was first established by transient myocardial ischemia. Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay were performed to estimate the expression levels of related genes. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the macrophage types, and the therapeutic effects of tranilast were estimated by echocardiographic analysis and Masson's trichrome stain. We demonstrated that AMI induced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in the heart tissues of mice with AMI. Tranilast decreased the expression of interleukin-1β and cleaved caspase-1 in bone marrow-derived macrophages and thus re-educated M1-macrophages toward the M2-phenotype both in vitro and in vivo. Tranilast inhibited the activation in the heart tissues of AMI mice and thus improved cardiac functional recovery in the AMI mouse model. In conclusion, we revealed that tranilast ameliorated myocardial infarction by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and re-educating macrophage phenotype in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qu
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Shengzhou People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Shengzhou Branch), Shengzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huihui Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Shengzhou People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Shengzhou Branch), Shengzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanan Xu
- Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital, Beijing, China
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