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Al-Qodami BA, Sayed SY, Alalawy HH, Al-Akraa IM, Allam NK, Mohammad AM. Boosted formic acid electro-oxidation on platinum nanoparticles and "mixed-valence" iron and nickel oxides. RSC Adv 2023; 13:20799-20809. [PMID: 37441028 PMCID: PMC10333810 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03350c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The modification of Pt nanoparticles (nano-Pt, assembled electrochemically onto a glassy carbon (GC) substrate) with hybrid multivalent nickel (nano-NiOx) and iron (nano-FeOx) oxide nanostructures was intended to steer the mechanism of the formic acid electro-oxidation (FAO) in the desirable dehydrogenation pathway. This binary modification with inexpensive oxides succeeded in mediating the reaction mechanism of FAO by boosting reaction kinetics "electron transfer" and amending the surface geometry of the catalyst against poisoning. The sequence of deposition was optimized where the a-FeOx/NiOx/Pt/GC catalyst (where "a" denotes a post-activation step for the catalyst at -0.5 V in 0.5 mol L-1 NaOH) reserved the best hierarchy. Morphologically, while nano-Pt appeared to be spherical (ca. 100 nm in average diameter), nano-NiOx appeared as flowered nanoaggregates (ca. 56 nm in average diameter) and nano-FeOx (after activation) retained a plate-like nanostructure (ca. 38 nm in average diameter and 167 nm in average length). This a-FeOx/NiOx/Pt/GC catalyst demonstrated a remarkable catalytic efficiency (125 mA mgPt-1) for FAO that was ca. 12.5 times that of the pristine Pt/GC catalyst with up to five times improvement in the catalytic tolerance against poisoning and up to -214 mV shift in the FAO's onset potential. Evidences for equipping the a-FeOx/NiOx/Pt/GC catalyst with the least charge transfer resistance and the highest stability among the whole investigated catalysts are provided and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilquis Ali Al-Qodami
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Cairo 12613 Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Education and Applied Science, Hajjah University Yemen
| | - Sayed Youssef Sayed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Cairo 12613 Egypt
| | - Hafsa H Alalawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Cairo 12613 Egypt
| | - Islam M Al-Akraa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The British University in Egypt Cairo 11837 Egypt
| | - Nageh K Allam
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo New Cairo 11835 Egypt
| | - Ahmad M Mohammad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Cairo 12613 Egypt
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Wang H, Diao Y, Lu Y, Yang H, Zhou Q, Chrulski K, D'Arcy JM. Energy storing bricks for stationary PEDOT supercapacitors. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3882. [PMID: 32782258 PMCID: PMC7419536 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17708-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fired brick is a universal building material, produced by thousand-year-old technology, that throughout history has seldom served any other purpose. Here, we develop a scalable, cost-effective and versatile chemical synthesis using a fired brick to control oxidative radical polymerization and deposition of a nanofibrillar coating of the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). A fired brick’s open microstructure, mechanical robustness and ~8 wt% α-Fe2O3 content afford an ideal substrate for developing electrochemical PEDOT electrodes and stationary supercapacitors that readily stack into modules. Five-minute epoxy serves as a waterproof case enabling the operation of our supercapacitors while submerged underwater and a gel electrolyte extends cycling stability to 10,000 cycles with ~90% capacitance retention. Fired brick is a universal building material, produced by thousand-year-old technology, which throughout history has seldom served any other purpose. Here, the authors show that bricks can store energy after chemical treatment to convert their iron oxide content into conducting polymer nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63130, USA
| | - Yifan Diao
- Institute of Material Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63130, USA
| | - Yang Lu
- Institute of Material Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63130, USA
| | - Haoru Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63130, USA
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- Institute of Material Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63130, USA
| | - Kenneth Chrulski
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63130, USA
| | - Julio M D'Arcy
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63130, USA. .,Institute of Material Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63130, USA.
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