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Chust G, Villarino E, McLean M, Mieszkowska N, Benedetti-Cecchi L, Bulleri F, Ravaglioli C, Borja A, Muxika I, Fernandes-Salvador JA, Ibaibarriaga L, Uriarte A, Revilla M, Villate F, Iriarte A, Uriarte I, Zervoudaki S, Carstensen J, Somerfield PJ, Queirós AM, McEvoy AJ, Auber A, Hidalgo M, Coll M, Garrabou J, Gómez-Gras D, Linares C, Ramírez F, Margarit N, Lepage M, Dambrine C, Lobry J, Peck MA, de la Barra P, van Leeuwen A, Rilov G, Yeruham E, Brind'Amour A, Lindegren M. Cross-basin and cross-taxa patterns of marine community tropicalization and deborealization in warming European seas. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2126. [PMID: 38459105 PMCID: PMC10923825 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Ocean warming and acidification, decreases in dissolved oxygen concentrations, and changes in primary production are causing an unprecedented global redistribution of marine life. The identification of underlying ecological processes underpinning marine species turnover, particularly the prevalence of increases of warm-water species or declines of cold-water species, has been recently debated in the context of ocean warming. Here, we track changes in the mean thermal affinity of marine communities across European seas by calculating the Community Temperature Index for 65 biodiversity time series collected over four decades and containing 1,817 species from different communities (zooplankton, coastal benthos, pelagic and demersal invertebrates and fish). We show that most communities and sites have clearly responded to ongoing ocean warming via abundance increases of warm-water species (tropicalization, 54%) and decreases of cold-water species (deborealization, 18%). Tropicalization dominated Atlantic sites compared to semi-enclosed basins such as the Mediterranean and Baltic Seas, probably due to physical barrier constraints to connectivity and species colonization. Semi-enclosed basins appeared to be particularly vulnerable to ocean warming, experiencing the fastest rates of warming and biodiversity loss through deborealization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Chust
- AZTI Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Txatxarramendi Ugartea z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Spain.
| | - Ernesto Villarino
- AZTI Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Txatxarramendi Ugartea z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Spain
- Oregon State University, College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Corvallis, USA
| | - Matthew McLean
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - Nova Mieszkowska
- Marine Biological Association, Citadel hill, Plymouth, Devon, PL1 2PB, UK
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Fabio Bulleri
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, CoNISMa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Ravaglioli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, CoNISMa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Angel Borja
- AZTI Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Txatxarramendi Ugartea z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Spain
| | - Iñigo Muxika
- AZTI Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Txatxarramendi Ugartea z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Spain
| | - José A Fernandes-Salvador
- AZTI Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Txatxarramendi Ugartea z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Spain
| | - Leire Ibaibarriaga
- AZTI Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Txatxarramendi Ugartea z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Spain
| | - Ainhize Uriarte
- AZTI Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Txatxarramendi Ugartea z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Spain
| | - Marta Revilla
- AZTI Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Txatxarramendi Ugartea z/g, 48395, Sukarrieta, Spain
| | - Fernando Villate
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, E-48080, Bilbao, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology Plentzia Marine Station PiE-UPV/EHU, Areatza Pasalekua z/g, E-48620, Plentzia, Spain
| | - Arantza Iriarte
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology Plentzia Marine Station PiE-UPV/EHU, Areatza Pasalekua z/g, E-48620, Plentzia, Spain
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, E-01006, Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Ibon Uriarte
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology Plentzia Marine Station PiE-UPV/EHU, Areatza Pasalekua z/g, E-48620, Plentzia, Spain
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, E-01006, Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Soultana Zervoudaki
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Athens, Greece
| | - Jacob Carstensen
- Aarhus University, Department of Ecoscience, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Paul J Somerfield
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, UK
- University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Ana M Queirós
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, UK
- University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Arnaud Auber
- IFREMER, Unité Halieutique Manche Mer du Nord, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, 150 quai Gambetta, BP699, 62321, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Manuel Hidalgo
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO, CSIC), Balearic Oceanographic Center (COB), Ecosystem Oceanography Group (GRECO), Moll de Ponent s/n, 07015, Palma, Spain
| | - Marta Coll
- Institute of Marine Science (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, n° 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Garrabou
- Institute of Marine Science (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, n° 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Gómez-Gras
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Kaneohe, Hawaii, USA
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Linares
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Ramírez
- Institute of Marine Science (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, n° 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Margarit
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mario Lepage
- INRAE, EABX Unit, Aquatic Ecosystems and Global Changes, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612, Cestas, Cedex, France
| | - Chloé Dambrine
- INRAE, EABX Unit, Aquatic Ecosystems and Global Changes, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612, Cestas, Cedex, France
| | - Jérémy Lobry
- INRAE, EABX Unit, Aquatic Ecosystems and Global Changes, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612, Cestas, Cedex, France
| | - Myron A Peck
- Department of Coastal Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790 AB, Den Burg (Texel), the Netherlands
| | - Paula de la Barra
- Department of Coastal Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790 AB, Den Burg (Texel), the Netherlands
| | - Anieke van Leeuwen
- Department of Coastal Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790 AB, Den Burg (Texel), the Netherlands
| | - Gil Rilov
- National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR), Haifa, Israel
| | - Erez Yeruham
- National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR), Haifa, Israel
| | - Anik Brind'Amour
- Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability (UMR DECOD), IFREMER, Institut Agro, INRAE, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, Nantes, France
| | - Martin Lindegren
- Centre for Ocean Life, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 202, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
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Bosch-Belmar M, Milanese M, Sarà A, Mobilia V, Sarà G. Effect of Acute Thermal Stress Exposure on Ecophysiological Traits of the Mediterranean Sponge Chondrilla nucula: Implications for Climate Change. BIOLOGY 2023; 13:9. [PMID: 38248440 PMCID: PMC10813260 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
As a result of climate change, the Mediterranean Sea has been exposed to an increase in the frequency and intensity of marine heat waves in the last decades, some of which caused mass mortality events of benthic invertebrates, including sponges. Sponges are an important component of benthic ecosystems and can be the dominant group in some rocky shallow-water areas in the Mediterranean Sea. In this study, we exposed the common shallow-water Mediterranean sponge Chondrilla nucula (Demospongiae: Chondrillidae) to six different temperatures for 24 h, ranging from temperatures experienced in the field during the year (15, 19, 22, 26, and 28 °C) to above normal temperatures (32 °C) and metabolic traits (respiration and clearance rate) were measured. Both respiration and clearance rates were affected by temperature. Respiration rates increased at higher temperatures but were similar between the 26 and 32 °C treatments. Clearance rates decreased at temperatures >26 °C, indicating a drop in food intake that was not reflected by respiration rates. This decline in feeding, while maintaining high respiration rates, may indicate a negative energy balance that could affect this species under chronic or repeated thermal stress exposure. C. nucula will probably be a vulnerable species under climate change conditions, affecting its metabolic performance, ecological functioning and the ecosystem services it provides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Bosch-Belmar
- Laboratory of Ecology, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (V.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Martina Milanese
- Studio Associato Gaia, Piazza della Vittoria 15/23, 16121 Genoa, Italy; (M.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Antonio Sarà
- Studio Associato Gaia, Piazza della Vittoria 15/23, 16121 Genoa, Italy; (M.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Valeria Mobilia
- Laboratory of Ecology, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (V.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Gianluca Sarà
- Laboratory of Ecology, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (V.M.); (G.S.)
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Estaque T, Richaume J, Bianchimani O, Schull Q, Mérigot B, Bensoussan N, Bonhomme P, Vouriot P, Sartoretto S, Monfort T, Basthard-Bogain S, Fargetton M, Gatti G, Barth L, Cheminée A, Garrabou J. Marine heatwaves on the rise: One of the strongest ever observed mass mortality event in temperate gorgonians. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:6159-6162. [PMID: 37681400 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Gorgonian population after the 2022 mass mortality event (MME) in the Calanques National Park. The year 2022 was marked by a historic gorgonian MME. This study describes the consequences for the red gorgonian (Paramuricea clavata) and red coral (Corallium rubrum) populations in the Calanques National Park (Marseille, France).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Quentin Schull
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, IFREMER, IRD, CNRS, Sète, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura Barth
- Septentrion Environnement, Marseille, France
| | | | - Joaquim Garrabou
- Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), Marseille, France
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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Smith KE, Burrows MT, Hobday AJ, King NG, Moore PJ, Sen Gupta A, Thomsen MS, Wernberg T, Smale DA. Biological Impacts of Marine Heatwaves. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2023; 15:119-145. [PMID: 35977411 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-032122-121437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Climatic extremes are becoming increasingly common against a background trend of global warming. In the oceans, marine heatwaves (MHWs)-discrete periods of anomalously warm water-have intensified and become more frequent over the past century, impacting the integrity of marine ecosystems globally. We review and synthesize current understanding of MHW impacts at the individual, population, and community levels. We then examine how these impacts affect broader ecosystem services and discuss the current state of research on biological impacts of MHWs. Finally, we explore current and emergent approaches to predicting the occurrence andimpacts of future events, along with adaptation and management approaches. With further increases in intensity and frequency projected for coming decades, MHWs are emerging as pervasive stressors to marine ecosystems globally. A deeper mechanistic understanding of their biological impacts is needed to better predict and adapt to increased MHW activity in the Anthropocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Smith
- Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth, United Kingdom; , ,
| | | | | | - Nathan G King
- Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth, United Kingdom; , ,
| | - Pippa J Moore
- Dove Marine Laboratory, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, United Kingdom;
| | - Alex Sen Gupta
- Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;
| | - Mads S Thomsen
- Marine Ecology Research Group, Centre of Integrative Ecology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand;
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- Oceans Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia;
- Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway
| | - Dan A Smale
- Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth, United Kingdom; , ,
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