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Bondzie EH, Adehinmoye A, Molnar BT, Fedick PW, Mulligan CC. Application of a Modified 3D-PCSI-MS Ion Source to On-Site, Trace Evidence Processing via Integrated Vacuum Collection. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:82-89. [PMID: 38064434 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Trace evidence, including hair, fibers, soil/dust, and gunshot residue (GSR), can be recovered from a crime scene to help identify or associate a suspect with illegal activities via physical, chemical, and biological testing. Vacuum collection is one technique that is employed in recovering such trace evidence but is often done so in a targeted manner, leaving other complementary, chemical-specific information unexamined. Here, we describe a modified 3D-printed cone spray ionization (3D-PCSI) source with integrated vacuum collection for on-site, forensic evidence screening, allowing the processing of targeted physical traces and nontargeted chemical species alike. The reported form factor allows sample collection, onboard extraction, filtration, and spray-based ionization in a singular vessel with minimal handling of evidence by the operator. Utilizing authentic forensic evidence types and portable MS instrumentation, this new method was characterized through systematic studies that replicate CSI applications. Reliability in the form of false positive/negative response rates was determined from a modest, user-blinded data set, and other attributes, such as collection efficacy and detection limit, were examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezer H Bondzie
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61704, United States
| | - Adewale Adehinmoye
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61704, United States
| | - Brian T Molnar
- Chemistry Division, Research Department, Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division (NAWCWD), United States Navy Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR), China Lake, California 93555, United States
| | - Patrick W Fedick
- Chemistry Division, Research Department, Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division (NAWCWD), United States Navy Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR), China Lake, California 93555, United States
| | - Christopher C Mulligan
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61704, United States
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2
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Lau V, Spindler X, Roux C. The transfer of fibres between garments in a choreographed assault scenario. Forensic Sci Int 2023; 349:111746. [PMID: 37290314 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Our fundamental understanding of fibre transfer remains based on early seminal transfer studies that were largely mechanical simulations. However, transfer events in the real world are uncontrolled in nature. This study takes a novel approach to address this discrepancy, with skilled jiu-jitsu practitioners performing a choreographed 'standard' assault scenario to investigate the transfer of fibres between a cotton T-shirt and cotton/polyester hoody. Garments were collected immediately after the scenario and examined for the number, length and zonal distribution of transferred fibres. It was observed that cotton transferred the most fibres, on average twice as many from blended hoodies than T-shirts; whilst polyester transferred the least. Shorter fibres transferred and were recovered more readily than longer fibres; however, it was more likely to recover polyester fibres> 5 mm. The number and length of fibres transferred from the attacker's garment mainly depended on the construction of the donor textile (including sheddability) and properties of the fibres. Conversely, properties of the recipient textile were more significant factors when considering transfer from the victim's garment. Location of recovered fibres was found to be dependent on the wearer's role, but generally, upper zones and sleeves of both garments were most populated. Overall, these results will contribute to grow our current knowledge base regarding fibre transfer between donor and recipient textiles in a common assault situation. This will ultimately aid experts support evaluation with regards to competing hypotheses such as in a Bayesian framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Lau
- University of Technology Sydney, Centre for Forensic Science, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Xanthe Spindler
- University of Technology Sydney, Centre for Forensic Science, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Claude Roux
- University of Technology Sydney, Centre for Forensic Science, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
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3
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Lidén M, Almazrouei MA. "Blood, Bucks and Bias": Reliability and biasability of crime scene investigators' selection and prioritization of blood traces. Sci Justice 2023; 63:276-293. [PMID: 36870706 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
When crime scene investigators (CSIs) encounter crime scenes with large volumes of blood, some selection and prioritization is often needed, and this will impact on what blood is and is not available for forensic analysis. What factors influence CSIs decision making process is largely unknown. This study examines the effects of awareness of limited resources and irrelevant contextual case information indicating either a homicide or a suicide on CSIs collection of blood traces. To this end, two scenario-based experiments with CSIs and novices were conducted. Overall, the results suggest that even when CSIs decisions are made under identical conditions, their trace selection varies both when it comes to numbers and locations. Furthermore, awareness of limited resources made CSIs collect fewer traces and their selections also varied following the contextual case information, showing similarities and differences with novices. Since blood traces can be used to establish both activity and identity the findings can have important implications for the subsequent investigation as well as trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moa Lidén
- Department of Security and Crime Science, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London WC1H 9EZ, UK; Centre for the Forensic Sciences, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London WC1H 9EZ, UK; Law Faculty, Uppsala University, Munken 1, Trädgårdsgatan 20, 753 09 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Mohammed A Almazrouei
- Department of Security and Crime Science, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London WC1H 9EZ, UK; Centre for the Forensic Sciences, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London WC1H 9EZ, UK; Yale Decision Neuroscience Lab, Yale University, 300 George St, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Forensic Evidence Department, Abu Dhabi Police General Headquarters, Abu Dhabi 253, United Arab Emirates
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4
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Cubbage H, Macey C, Scott K. Macroscopic assessment of environmental trace evidence dynamics in forensic settings. Sci Justice 2023; 63:376-386. [PMID: 37169463 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Environmental trace evidence offers useful circumstantial intelligence to link persons and scenes of forensic interest. An increasing empirical research base is dedicated towards understanding the transfer and persistence dynamics of environmental indicators including pollen, soils, and diatoms, within a diverse range of experimental frameworks. This paper presents two discrete studies exploring transfer and persistence of soils and sediments on footwear and diatomaceous earth adhered to clothing in forensically pertinent scenarios. Variables including sediment type, foot position, clothing type, and body positioning were also explored throughout. Both experiments incorporated a field-based methodology during the sampling effort. Photographs were collected of an initial transfer sample and of a retained assemblage following hours, days, and up to one-week of wear, facilitating macroscopic assessment of trace evidence dynamics. All images were processed using accessible, open-source software before spatial analysis of evidence distribution within and temporal assessment (% retention) upon each evidential surface. The results highlighted consistent loss of transferred sediment from footwear with significantly greater retention of loamy clay soil than dune sand which was absent beyond 24 h of wear. Loss was not influenced by wearer gait but was more rapid from those areas of the shoe sole in direct contact with the ground. Diatomaceous earth was retrieved from all three clothing types tested after one week - significant losses of material occurred before 48 h with a consistent assemblage identified beyond this. Denim was significantly more effective than acrylic and fleece for diatomaceous earth retention and significantly more material was lost from clothing worn on the lower body. These findings highlight the value of using visual environmental markers and a macroscopic analytical approach during the investigation of environmental trace dynamics. The methodology offers a novel, non-destructive assessment of soil and diatom transfer and persistence, complementing more extensive laboratory-based examinations to ensure the development of a well-rounded research base within the forensic sciences.
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Georgiou N, Morgan R, French J. The shifting narrative of uncertainty: a case for the coherent and consistent consideration of uncertainty in forensic science. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2022.2104370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Georgiou
- Department of Security and Crime Science, UCL, London, UK
| | - R.M. Morgan
- Department of Security and Crime Science, UCL, London, UK
| | - J.C. French
- Department of Security and Crime Science, UCL, London, UK
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6
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Espinoza-Silva PV, López-Lázaro S, Fonseca GM. Forensic odontology and dental age estimation research: a scoping review a decade after the NAS report on strengthening forensic science. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2022:10.1007/s12024-022-00499-w. [PMID: 35781622 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-022-00499-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dental age estimation (DAE) is one of the most reliable and useful scientific methods employed by forensic odontology (FO) for human identification. In 2009, the US National Academy of Sciences (NAS) report highlighted the need to deepen research in many disciplines, among which FO received strong criticism for specific expertise. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview in order to systematically map the latest original research done in FO, as well as identify DAE within this field. A systematic search was performed from 2014 to 2019. In total, 644 studies were identified for qualitative analysis: DAE was the most studied topic (41.30%). Asia was the most productive continent with 58.27% of the global production on DAE; India was the most productive Asian country, with 32.33% and 55.48% of global and Asian production, respectively. The University of Macerata (Italy), KU Leuven (Belgium), University of Split (Croatia), and University of São Paulo (Brazil) led DAE research. Authors from leading countries on DAE research demonstrated great individual productivity, which is evidence of their scientific efforts, but also possible risks if the continuity of this line of research depends on them. Although FO has significantly focused its research on DAE, the absence of publications on controversial topics but necessary for research according to the NAS report shows the possible lack of interest of authors or journals to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Valentina Espinoza-Silva
- Programa de Magister en Odontología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Unidad de Estimación de Edad Dental, Centro de Investigación en Odontología Legal y Forense -CIO, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Region de la Araucania, 4780000, Chile
| | - Sandra López-Lázaro
- Programa de Magister en Odontología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Unidad de Estimación de Edad Dental, Centro de Investigación en Odontología Legal y Forense -CIO, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Region de la Araucania, 4780000, Chile.,Departamento de Antropología Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriel M Fonseca
- Programa de Magister en Odontología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. .,Unidad de Estimación de Edad Dental, Centro de Investigación en Odontología Legal y Forense -CIO, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Region de la Araucania, 4780000, Chile.
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7
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Gouello A, Dunyach-Remy C, Siatka C, Lavigne JP. Analysis of Microbial Communities: An Emerging Tool in Forensic Sciences. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 12:diagnostics12010001. [PMID: 35054168 PMCID: PMC8774847 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of forensic sciences is to find clues in a crime scene in order to reconstruct the scenario. Classical samples include DNA or fingerprints, but both have inherent limitations and can be uninformative. Another type of sample has emerged recently in the form of the microbiome. Supported by the Human Microbiome Project, the characteristics of the microbial communities provide real potential in forensics. They are highly specific and can be used to differentiate and classify the originating body site of a human biological trace. Skin microbiota is also highly specific and different between individuals, leading to its possibility as an identification tool. By extension, the possibilities of the microbial communities to be deposited on everyday objects has also been explored. Other uses include the determination of the post-mortem interval or the analysis of soil communities. One challenge is that the microbiome changes over time and can be influenced by many environmental and lifestyle factors. This review offers an overview of the main methods and applications to demonstrate the benefit of the microbiome to provide forensically relevant information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Gouello
- Institut de Recherche Criminelle de la Gendarmerie Nationale, 95037 Cergy-Pontoise, France;
- Bacterial Infection and Chronic Infection, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Infection, University Hospital Nîmes, Université de Montpellier, 30908 Nimes, France;
| | - Catherine Dunyach-Remy
- Bacterial Infection and Chronic Infection, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Infection, University Hospital Nîmes, Université de Montpellier, 30908 Nimes, France;
| | | | - Jean-Philippe Lavigne
- Bacterial Infection and Chronic Infection, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Infection, University Hospital Nîmes, Université de Montpellier, 30908 Nimes, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-466683202
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Carew RM, French J, Morgan RM. 3D forensic science: A new field integrating 3D imaging and 3D printing in crime reconstruction. Forensic Sci Int Synerg 2021; 3:100205. [PMID: 34746730 PMCID: PMC8556510 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2021.100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
3D techniques are increasingly being used by forensic scientists in crime reconstruction. The proliferation of 3D techniques, such as 3D imaging and printing being employed across the various stages of the forensic science process, means that the use of 3D should be considered as a distinct field within forensic science. '3D Forensic Science' ('3DFS') is therefore presented in this paper as a field that brings together a range of 3D techniques and approaches that have been developed within different areas of forensic science for achieving crime reconstructions and interpreting and presenting evidence. It is argued that by establishing this distinct field, defining its boundaries, and developing expertise, best practice and standards, the contribution of 3DFS to the criminal justice system can be maximised and the accuracy and robustness of crime reconstruction endeavours can be enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M. Carew
- UCL Department of Security and Crime Science, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ, UK
- UCL Centre for the Forensic Sciences, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ, UK
| | - James French
- UCL Department of Security and Crime Science, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ, UK
- UCL Centre for the Forensic Sciences, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ, UK
| | - Ruth M. Morgan
- UCL Department of Security and Crime Science, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ, UK
- UCL Centre for the Forensic Sciences, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ, UK
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9
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Aberle MG, Kobus H, Robertson J, O'Driscoll C, Hoogewerff JA. A fresh scientific look at transfer and persistence: From a materials science and tribology perspective. J Forensic Sci 2021; 67:9-27. [PMID: 34369592 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of the mechanisms governing transfer, persistence, and recovery of trace evidence, together with background prevalence in the population of interest, and other task relevant information, is key for the forensic interpretation and reconstruction of what happened at the activity level. Up to now, this informational "toolkit" has largely been developed through empirical forensic studies on specific trace materials such as glass, textile fibers, and soil. Combined with the identified systemic siloing between disciplines, while valuable, such research tends to be very material-dependent, introducing specific parameters and interpretations that may have actually impeded the recognition of underlying foundational factors applicable to most material types. In Australia, there has been a renewed interest in developing a discipline-independent framework for the interpretation and/or reconstruction of trace evidence to interpret specific circumstances in casework. In this paper, we present a discipline agnostic "way of thinking" that has been anchored in foundational science underpinning the trace evidence discipline. Physical and mechanical material properties such as material geometry and surface topography, strength, stiffness, and hardness collectively influence contact interactions through underlying friction, wear, and lubrication cause and effect mechanisms. We discuss how these fundamental factors and parameters stemming from materials science and tribology may be adopted and adapted by forensic practitioners and researchers to contribute to a better understanding of transfer, persistence, and recovery mechanisms irrespective of evidence discipline and material type. Examples are provided to demonstrate the practical significance to real-life casework and academic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Aberle
- National Centre for Forensic Studies, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - Hilton Kobus
- National Centre for Forensic Studies, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia.,Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - James Robertson
- National Centre for Forensic Studies, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - Caroline O'Driscoll
- National Centre for Forensic Studies, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia.,Australian Federal Police, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Jurian A Hoogewerff
- National Centre for Forensic Studies, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
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10
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Weyermann C, Roux C. A different perspective on the forensic science crisis. Forensic Sci Int 2021; 323:110779. [PMID: 33887571 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent mentions of a forensic science crisis are reported in the literature. Some 15 years ago, the discussion was focused on the backlog problem. Other issues have been regularly debated since then, including the risk of error, need for independence, importance and risk of contextualisation, increasing fragmentation into separate processes and specialisations. Proposed solutions to solve one problem often led to other issues in other parts of the process. This paper attempts to address the apparent crisis using a different perspective, through a comparison with established disciplines, namely material science, medicine and historical science. The comparison with material science shows that, despite the varied organisational and legal models and the interdisciplinary nature of the field, a common element to all forensic science endeavours exists: the trace. A greater focus on the trace might thus help the development of a holistic approach in forensic science. The comparison with medicine demonstrates that, through the overall process, the main risk shifts from the risk to overlook important hypotheses or traces at the beginning of the process (e.g. problems in the detection of traces/symptoms and formulation of hypotheses) to the risk of supporting the wrong hypothesis at the end of the process (e.g. erroneous test of the hypotheses/diagnostic). Further, in medicine, symptoms are rarely evaluated in isolation, while traces are often evaluated separately. By analogy, epidemiology illustrates forensic science's critical role in preventing crime through forensic intelligence, supporting a more extensive and more collaborative application of forensic science in security issues. The comparison with historical science also indicates that a single trace (i.e. the observed effect) is rarely sufficient to reason on its cause. Retrodiction (abduction) is proposed as an alternative reasoning approach to reconstruct events from the past based on signs uncovered in the present. Finally, the impact of science in investigating crimes is presented as an evolving process. A new trace or information can bring an entirely different light on the reconstruction of past events or prevention of future issues. Thus, issues or challenges in the first stages of the process (i.e., crime scene investigation) should be addressed in priority for subsequent stages to function correctly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Weyermann
- Ecole des Sciences Criminelles, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Claude Roux
- Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
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11
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Woodman PA, Ballantyne KN, Julian R, Spiranovic C. The forensic examination of structural fires in Victoria, Australia: Decision-making processes and impact on judicial outcomes. Sci Justice 2021; 61:369-377. [PMID: 34172125 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There is a body of published research that has evaluated the contribution of forensic science to the criminal justice system, but many disciplines of forensic science remain unexplored in this regard. The aim of this study was to examine the contribution that forensic fire examination services provide to criminal investigations and court processes in arson cases. Forensic fire examination services differ in a number of ways to the disciplines covered in previous research on the impact of forensic evidence on justice outcomes. Forensic fire examinations involve a combination of scene examination and laboratory analyses, and the results can provide critical evidence of whether an incident that has occurred is a criminal offence (i.e. whether a fire has occurred as the result of an act of arson). Forensic fire examination is also a discipline that has faced challenges and undergone development in recent decades regarding its scientific basis and the issue of contextual bias. In this study, data were collated for 273 structural fires that were examined by the forensic fire services in Victoria, Australia. In this jurisdiction, scene and laboratory forensic services are delivered within short time frames with a focus on providing impartial scientific and investigative services to assist criminal investigations conducted by police. The current dataset was highly skewed in terms of criminal justice outcomes and was not suitable for conducting the planned statistical analyses. Nonetheless, the pattern of findings obtained suggested that the inclusion of forensic evidence which supported the prosecution of arson may be associated with an increased likelihood of suspects being charged and defendants found guilty. Examination of the decision-making process of the forensic fire examiners has provided insight into the variety of evidence that is considered by forensic experts in reaching the important conclusion about the origin and cause of structural fires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Woodman
- Tasmanian Institute of Law Enforcement Studies (TILES), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 22, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia; Chemical & Physical Sciences Group, Victoria Police Forensic Services Department, 31 Forensic Drive, Macleod, VIC 3085 Australia.
| | - Kaye N Ballantyne
- Tasmanian Institute of Law Enforcement Studies (TILES), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 22, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia; Office of the Chief Forensic Scientist, Victoria Police Forensic Services Department, 31 Forensic Drive, Macleod, VIC 3085 Australia
| | - Roberta Julian
- Tasmanian Institute of Law Enforcement Studies (TILES), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 22, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Caroline Spiranovic
- Tasmanian Institute of Law Enforcement Studies (TILES), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 22, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia; Faculty of Law, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 89, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
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12
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Letendre H, Séguin K, Grenier A, Mousseau V, Cadola L, Crispino F. First lessons regarding the data analysis of physicochemical traces at activity level in TTADB. CANADIAN SOCIETY OF FORENSIC SCIENCE JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00085030.2021.1899655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Letendre
- Département de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Criminalistique, Département de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Karelle Séguin
- Département de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Criminalistique, Département de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Annick Grenier
- Département de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Criminalistique, Département de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Vincent Mousseau
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Criminalistique, Département de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivières, Canada
- École de Criminologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre Interuniversitaire de Criminologie Comparée, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Liv Cadola
- Département de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Criminalistique, Département de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Frank Crispino
- Département de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Criminalistique, Département de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivières, Canada
- Centre Interuniversitaire de Criminologie Comparée, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivières, Canada
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13
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Cadola L, Charest M, Lavallée C, Crispino F. The occurrence and genesis of transfer traces in forensic science: a structured knowledge database. CANADIAN SOCIETY OF FORENSIC SCIENCE JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00085030.2021.1890941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liv Cadola
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Québec, Canada
- Forensic Science Research Group (LCR), Département de chimie, biochimie, physique (UQTR), Québec, Canada
| | - Marina Charest
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Québec, Canada
- Forensic Science Research Group (LCR), Département de chimie, biochimie, physique (UQTR), Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Lavallée
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Québec, Canada
- Forensic Science Research Group (LCR), Département de chimie, biochimie, physique (UQTR), Québec, Canada
| | - Frank Crispino
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Québec, Canada
- Forensic Science Research Group (LCR), Département de chimie, biochimie, physique (UQTR), Québec, Canada
- Centre interuniversitaire de criminologie comparée (CICC, UQTR), Québec, Canada
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14
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Cadola L, Charest M, Lavallée C, Crispino F. L’occurrence et la genèse des traces de transfert en criminalistique: une base de connaissances structurée. CANADIAN SOCIETY OF FORENSIC SCIENCE JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00085030.2021.1890942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liv Cadola
- Département de chimie, biochimie et physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Québec, Canada
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Criminalistique (LRC), Département de chimie, biochimie, physique, UQTR), Québec, Canada
| | - Marina Charest
- Département de chimie, biochimie et physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Québec, Canada
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Criminalistique (LRC), Département de chimie, biochimie, physique, UQTR), Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Lavallée
- Département de chimie, biochimie et physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Québec, Canada
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Criminalistique (LRC), Département de chimie, biochimie, physique, UQTR), Québec, Canada
| | - Frank Crispino
- Département de chimie, biochimie et physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Québec, Canada
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Criminalistique (LRC), Département de chimie, biochimie, physique, UQTR), Québec, Canada
- Centre universitaire de criminologie comparée (CICC), UQTR), Québec, Canada
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15
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Airlie M, Robertson J, Krosch MN, Brooks E. Contemporary issues in forensic science-Worldwide survey results. Forensic Sci Int 2021; 320:110704. [PMID: 33581657 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Forensic science continues to be openly challenged and criticized. The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of forensic workplaces and the perceived current and potential future issues from forensic scientists via a detailed survey. An online survey was designed and disseminated to forensic practitioners and researchers worldwide. 544 participants from more than 20 countries took part in the survey. Participants personally rated ten forensic disciplines with subjective methodologies, responded on a five-point Likert scale to 22 statements that addressed subjectivity and objectivity, validation and proficiency testing and error and bias and answered demographic questions relating to their workplace type, level of experience and qualifications. Participants also commented freely on forensic issues specifically important to them. The purpose of this paper is to provide the survey results and consensuses captured on several key issues. Overall participants believed forensic science must be valid and reliable and supported development of objective methodologies, validation and further investigation into the application statistics, use of error rates and implications of cognitive bias. Participants raised consensus concerns with the provision of expert evidence and other broader issues. This information and understanding from the forensic front line are essential for forensic science moving forward to best address current challenges and criticisms not only of forensic evidence for the court but for applications of forensic science beyond the courtroom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Airlie
- University of Canberra, National Centre for Forensic Studies, Faculty of Science and Technology, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia; Forensic Services Group, Queensland Police Service, Level 4, 200 Roma Street, Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia.
| | - James Robertson
- University of Canberra, National Centre for Forensic Studies, Faculty of Science and Technology, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia
| | - Matt N Krosch
- Forensic Services Group, Queensland Police Service, Level 4, 200 Roma Street, Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Brooks
- University of Canberra, National Centre for Forensic Studies, Faculty of Science and Technology, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia
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16
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Meakin GE, Kokshoorn B, Oorschot RAH, Szkuta B. Evaluating forensic
DNA
evidence: Connecting the dots. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/wfs2.1404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgina E. Meakin
- Centre for Forensic Science University of Technology Sydney Ultimo NSW Australia
- Centre for the Forensic Sciences, Department of Security and Crime Science University College London London UK
| | - Bas Kokshoorn
- Netherlands Forensic Institute The Hague The Netherlands
| | - Roland A. H. Oorschot
- Office of the Chief Forensic Scientist, Victoria Police Forensic Services Department Macleod Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences La Trobe University Bundoora Australia
| | - Bianca Szkuta
- Office of the Chief Forensic Scientist, Victoria Police Forensic Services Department Macleod Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Geelong Australia
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17
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Providing illicit drugs results in five seconds using ultra-portable NIR technology: An opportunity for forensic laboratories to cope with the trend toward the decentralization of forensic capabilities. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 317:110498. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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19
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Woodman PA, Julian R, Spiranovic C, Ballantyne KN. To trace or not to trace: A survey of how police use and perceive chemical trace evidence. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 309:110178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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20
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Breaking the barriers between intelligence, investigation and evaluation: A continuous approach to define the contribution and scope of forensic science. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 309:110213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Illes M, Wilson P, Bruce C. Forensic epistemology: A need for research and pedagogy. Forensic Sci Int Synerg 2019; 2:51-59. [PMID: 32411999 PMCID: PMC7219189 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This is the third in a series of articles reporting on forensic epistemology. Our first two research articles presented scientific results that are based in experimental design; including quantitative and qualitative responses from forensic science practitioners to scenarios and evidence. Based on a synthesis of this research there is evidence of a knowledge gap in formal reasoning for some forensic practitioners, and a limited understanding of case-specific research. Combining these results with a review of the current literature in the field of forensic reasoning, we now offer evidence of teaching and research strategies that can help increase the epistemic status (Confidence in, and justification of knowledge) of forensic science claims. This paper focuses on an integrated narrative review using hermeneutic methods of analysis to identify: (i) the epistemic state of forensic science; (ii) strategies to increase of knowledge; (iii) the need for collaboration between practitioners and academics; and, (iv) areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Illes
- Forensic Science Program, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Paul Wilson
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
- Biology Department, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Cathy Bruce
- School of Education, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
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22
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Bolton-King RS, Kara H, Cassella JP, Rankin BW, Morgan RM, Burke S, Fripp D, Kaye JP. Increasing the accessibility and impact of justice-related student and practitioner research. Forensic Sci Int Synerg 2019; 2:60-71. [PMID: 32412000 PMCID: PMC7219186 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Much good quality research by pre-doctoral students and case-work focused practitioners remains unpublished. However, their findings could contribute to the evidence base underpinning science and practice within international justice system contexts. There are two main challenges to making findings accessible: reaching all criminal justice stakeholders, and encouraging collaborative efforts in research addressing 'real world' problems. This article presents the rationale for a new, open access repository. The aim is to share good quality pre-doctoral and practitioner criminal justice research across traditional disciplinary and international borders. Such a repository should be easy to use, well maintained and sustainable. Its reach, value and impact also need to be measurable. We present the major considerations relating to the operation and workflow of such a repository, and outline the potential value, benefits and limitations. Our research suggests that the proposed repository could foster interdisciplinary and collaborative work to benefit global justice systems and societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S. Bolton-King
- Department of Criminal Justice & Forensic Science, Staffordshire University, Leek Road, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, ST4 2DF, UK
| | | | | | - Brian W.J. Rankin
- Chair of Quality Standards, Chartered Society of Forensic Sciences and Chair of KTN Special Interest Group Forensic Science, UK
| | - Ruth M. Morgan
- Department of Security and Crime Science, UCL Centre for the Forensic Sciences, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ, UK
| | | | - Dom Fripp
- Jisc, Tower Hill, Bristol, BS2 0JA, UK
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23
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Morgan R. Forensic science. The importance of identity in theory and practice. Forensic Sci Int Synerg 2019; 1:239-242. [PMID: 32411976 PMCID: PMC7219159 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
There is growing consensus that there is a crisis in forensic science at the global scale. Whilst restricted resources are clearly part of the root causes of the crisis, a contested identity of forensic science is also a significant factor. A consensus is needed on the identity of forensic science that encompasses what forensic science 'is', and critically, what it is 'for'. A consistent and cogent identity that is developed collaboratively and accepted across the entire justice system is critical for establishing the different attributes of the crisis and being able to articulate effective solutions. The degree to which forensic science is considered to be a coherent, interdisciplinary yet unified discipline will determine how forensic science develops, the challenges it is able to address, and how successful it will be in overcoming the current crisis.
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24
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Crispino F, Roux C, Delémont O, Ribaux O. Is the (traditional) Galilean science paradigm well suited to forensic science? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/wfs2.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Crispino
- Chimie, biochimie et physique Université du Québec à Trois‐Rivières Trois‐Rivieres Quebec Canada
| | - Claude Roux
- Centre for Forensic Science University of Technology Sydney Broadway New South Wales Australia
| | - Olivier Delémont
- Ecole des sciences criminelles Université de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Olivier Ribaux
- Ecole des sciences criminelles Université de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
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25
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Fonseca GM, Ortíz-Contreras J, Ramírez-Lagos C, López-Lázaro S. Lip print identification: Current perspectives. J Forensic Leg Med 2019; 65:32-38. [PMID: 31054404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Lip print identification has been proposed as an additional tool for crime investigation because of the supposed uniqueness of labial grooves; however, critics of the validity and reliability for methods and techniques redefined standards and requirements in order to consider this discipline a real forensic identification science. During our research we identified recent literature, presented here, which although extensive, have focused almost entirely on anthropological topics with outdated references which were not from primary sources and, furthermore, were erroneously quoted. Currently, authors continue to use the concept of lip pattern uniqueness, yet the greatest part of their research has failed to support this hypothesis under current scientific standards. Concepts and designs needed to evaluate materials for lip print development - the isolation of DNA, evaluation of inter-rater reliability in identifying their patterns or known potential rate of error - are scarcely mentioned in the reviewed literature. Lip print identification has been important historically, but the new paradigm makes the redefinition of the current research necessary to stop guesswork and speculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel M Fonseca
- Centro de Investigación en Odontología Legal y Forense -CIO-, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Jorge Ortíz-Contreras
- Centro de Investigación en Odontología Legal y Forense -CIO-, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | | | - Sandra López-Lázaro
- Centro de Investigación en Odontología Legal y Forense -CIO-, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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26
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Mousseau V, Baechler S, Crispino F. Management of crime scene units by Quebec police senior managers: Insight on forensic knowledge and understanding of key stakeholders. Sci Justice 2019; 59:524-532. [PMID: 31472797 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
What do policing leaders think and know of forensic science? Beyond crime scene investigators or detectives, how do police senior managers perceive the role, utility and limitations of forensic science? Very few empirical studies have addressed the issue. Forensic scientsts should be concerned about the perception that law enforcement senior managers have of their discipline for two reasons. First, strategic and financial decision-makers are obviously key players in the overall administration and provision of forensic science, either as a supervisor, money provider or as a customer. Second, literature has highlighted that other actors involved in forensic science underestimate the scope and possibilities offered by forensic science, hence limiting its exploitation and potential. Following interviews with 18 police senior managers from Quebec (Canada), this study shows that they generally restrict forensic science to a reactive discipline whose role and utility is to identify offenders and support the Court. This understanding of forensic science, like that of many others including a significant share of forensic scientists, differs from the perception of other police activities in modern law enforcement agencies where proactive action is sought. Considering these findings and the growing body of literature which calls for forensic science to connect more tightly with policing and security, we advocate a more extensive education of police leaders regarding the scope of forensic science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Mousseau
- School of Criminology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; International Centre for Comparative Criminology (ICCC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Forensic Research Group (Laboratoire de recherche en Criminalistique), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Simon Baechler
- Forensic Research Group (Laboratoire de recherche en Criminalistique), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada; Forensic Science Service, Police Neuchâteloise, Neuchâtel, Switzerland; School of Criminal Justice, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frank Crispino
- International Centre for Comparative Criminology (ICCC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Forensic Research Group (Laboratoire de recherche en Criminalistique), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada; Département de chimie, biochimie et physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada
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27
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Pietro DS, Kammrath BW, De Forest PR. Is forensic science in danger of extinction? Sci Justice 2018; 59:199-202. [PMID: 30798869 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Observations of modern day forensic science has prompted asking the question of whether this field is in danger of extinction. Although there have undoubtedly been meaningful advancements in analytical capabilities, we have overlooked several unintended practical and philosophical consequences. This article addresses three main areas of concern: the declining role of the generalist in an era of increased specialization, the role of education in preparing the next generation of forensic scientists, and the implementation of advanced instrumentation with a focus on statistical significance and field deployable instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David San Pietro
- University of New Haven, Department of Forensic Sciences, 300 Boston Post Rd, West Haven, CT 06516, United States
| | - Brooke W Kammrath
- University of New Haven, Department of Forensic Sciences, 300 Boston Post Rd, West Haven, CT 06516, United States.
| | - Peter R De Forest
- John Jay College of Criminal Justice, 524 West 59th Street, New York, NY 10019, United States
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28
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Carew RM, Morgan RM, Rando C. A Preliminary Investigation into the Accuracy of 3D Modeling and 3D Printing in Forensic Anthropology Evidence Reconstruction. J Forensic Sci 2018; 64:342-352. [PMID: 30296344 PMCID: PMC7380002 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
There is currently no published empirical evidence‐base demonstrating 3D printing to be an accurate and reliable tool in forensic anthropology, despite 3D printed replicas being exhibited as demonstrative evidence in court. In this study, human bones (n = 3) scanned using computed tomography were reconstructed as virtual 3D models (n = 6), and 3D printed using six commercially available printers, with osteometric data recorded at each stage. Virtual models and 3D prints were on average accurate to the source bones, with mean differences from −0.4 to 1.2 mm (−0.4% to 12.0%). Interobserver differences ranged from −5.1 to 0.7 mm (−5.3% to 0.7%). Reconstruction and modeling parameters influenced accuracy, and prints produced using selective laser sintering (SLS) were most consistently accurate. This preliminary investigation into virtual modeling and 3D printer capability provides a novel insight into the accuracy of 3D printing osteological samples and begins to establish an evidence‐base for validating 3D printed bones as demonstrative evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M Carew
- Department of Security and Crime Science, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, U.K, WC1H 9EZ.,Centre for the Forensic Sciences, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, U.K, WC1H 9EZ.,Institute of Archaeology, University College London, 31-34 Gordon Square, London, U.K, WC1H 0PY
| | - Ruth M Morgan
- Department of Security and Crime Science, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, U.K, WC1H 9EZ.,Centre for the Forensic Sciences, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, U.K, WC1H 9EZ
| | - Carolyn Rando
- Institute of Archaeology, University College London, 31-34 Gordon Square, London, U.K, WC1H 0PY
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29
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Evison MP. Forensic science policy and the question of governmental University research quality assessment. Forensic Sci Int 2018; 290:279-296. [PMID: 30121552 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Forensic science policy has been the subject of a series of judicial and parliamentary enquiries in the United Kingdom in recent decades. Forensic science research has been a recurrent theme in their reports, which have included recommendations for research into the economics of forensic service provision; for the development of expertise and centres of excellence; and for research to establish the validity of the forensic sciences. These recommendations reflect similar concerns expressed internationally-particularly in the United States. In the United Kingdom, however, the Forensic Science Service recently enjoyed a near monopoly in research, and limited research funding and activity in the Universities was exacerbated by the lack of visibility of forensic science in government audits of research quality. This study used established methods in evidence-based policy and research quality evaluation to analyse the range, quantity and quality of research submitted to the two most recent audits-RAE 2008 and REF 2014. Strengths and weaknesses in the methods used are discussed, and the findings analysed in relation to wider research policy issues in forensic science. The study concludes that consolidating forensic science as a peer-science in the academy is essential in order to establish a virtuous circle that will sustain research in the discipline-and address wider policy and socio-economic questions that persistently trouble the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Paul Evison
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, England NE1 8ST, UK.
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Roux
- Centre for Forensic Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Olivier Ribaux
- School Of Criminal Justice, Faculty of Law, Criminal Justice, and Public Administration, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frank CRISPINO
- Forensic Science Research Group, Department Of Chemistry, Biochemistry And Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
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31
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Morgan R. Conceptualising forensic science and forensic reconstruction. Part I: A conceptual model. Sci Justice 2017; 57:455-459. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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Robertson J. Managing the forensic examination of human hairs in contemporary forensic practice. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2017.1279838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James Robertson
- National Centre for Forensic Studies, Faculty of Education, Science, Technology and Mathematics (ESTeM), University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Ribaux
- Faculty of Law, Criminal Justice, and Public Administration, University of Lausanne, Ecole des Sciences Criminelles, Switzerland
| | - Claude Roux
- Centre for Forensic Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Frank Crispino
- Laboratoire de recherche en criminalistique, Département de chimie, biochimie et physique, Université du Québec, Trois-Rivières, Canada
- Centre International de Criminologie Comparée, Québec, Canada
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