Preliminary studies on antigenic variation of poliovirus using neutralizing monoclonal antibodies

New viruses and new disease: mutation, evolution and ecology

Given the extraordinarily high mutation rate of viruses, particularly those with RNA genomes, it is not surprising that new viruses are continually evolving. However, the symptomatology of old viral diseases has remained stable for centuries. The combination of genetic and ecological factors that constrain as well as facilitate the emergence of new viruses is analyzed.