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Li S, Wang N, Zhang M, Li X. Enhanced ε‑poly‑L‑lysine production in Streptomyces species by combining interspecific hybridization with multiple antibiotic resistance. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:519-532. [PMID: 38499687 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-02983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
To improve the ε-PL production in wild-type strains of Streptomyces. albulus, Streptomyces. noursei, Streptomyces. rochei and Streptomyces. yunnanensis, the interspecific hybridization based on protoplast fusion was first performed. Two-species hybridizations failed to obtain hybrids with significant increase in ε-PL production, but four-species hybridizations succeed in acquiring many high-yield hybrids. 16S rDNA homology alignment and RAPD confirmed that the hybrid HX17 was restructured by integrating gene fragments from S. albulus and S. rochei with S. noursei as the carrier. S. noursei HX17 was subsequently suffered from mutagenesis and genome shuffling combining with multiple antibiotic resistance, and a mutant S. noursei GX6 was obtained with ε-PL yield of 2.23 g/L in shake-flask fermentation. In fed-batch fermentation, the ε-PL production of GX6 reached 47.2 g/L, which was increased by 95.6% to 136.8% over the wild parents. Ribosomal genes associated with antibiotics were sequenced and majority of mutant strains had mutations at different sites, indicating that the increase of antibiotic resistance was strongly associated with them. This research proved that combining interspecific hybridization with multiple antibiotic resistance was as an effective approach to rapidly improve the ε-PL production in Streptomyces species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China.
| | - Nan Wang
- Food and Drug Inspection and Testing Institute at Weihai, Shandong, 264210, China
| | - Meichao Zhang
- Food and Drug Inspection and Testing Institute at Weihai, Shandong, 264210, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
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Steenwyk JL, Lind AL, Ries LNA, Dos Reis TF, Silva LP, Almeida F, Bastos RW, Fraga da Silva TFDC, Bonato VLD, Pessoni AM, Rodrigues F, Raja HA, Knowles SL, Oberlies NH, Lagrou K, Goldman GH, Rokas A. Pathogenic Allodiploid Hybrids of Aspergillus Fungi. Curr Biol 2020; 30:2495-2507.e7. [PMID: 32502407 PMCID: PMC7343619 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Interspecific hybridization substantially alters genotypes and phenotypes and can give rise to new lineages. Hybrid isolates that differ from their parental species in infection-relevant traits have been observed in several human-pathogenic yeasts and plant-pathogenic filamentous fungi but have yet to be found in human-pathogenic filamentous fungi. We discovered 6 clinical isolates from patients with aspergillosis originally identified as Aspergillus nidulans (section Nidulantes) that are actually allodiploid hybrids formed by the fusion of Aspergillus spinulosporus with an unknown close relative of Aspergillus quadrilineatus, both in section Nidulantes. Evolutionary genomic analyses revealed that these isolates belong to Aspergillus latus, an allodiploid hybrid species. Characterization of diverse infection-relevant traits further showed that A. latus hybrid isolates are genomically and phenotypically heterogeneous but also differ from A. nidulans, A. spinulosporus, and A. quadrilineatus. These results suggest that allodiploid hybridization contributes to the genomic and phenotypic diversity of filamentous fungal pathogens of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L Steenwyk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Abigail L Lind
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Laure N A Ries
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Thaila F Dos Reis
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Lilian P Silva
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Fausto Almeida
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael W Bastos
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Thais Fernanda de Campos Fraga da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vania L D Bonato
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Moreira Pessoni
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rodrigues
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4715-495 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4715-495 Braga, Portugal
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 1400 Spring Garden Street, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Sonja L Knowles
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 1400 Spring Garden Street, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 1400 Spring Garden Street, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Katrien Lagrou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Centre for Mycosis, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gustavo H Goldman
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, Brazil.
| | - Antonis Rokas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Shoji JY, Charlton ND, Yi M, Young CA, Craven KD. Vegetative hyphal fusion and subsequent nuclear behavior in Epichloë grass endophytes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121875. [PMID: 25837972 PMCID: PMC4383479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epichloë species (including the former genus Neotyphodium) are fungal symbionts of many agronomically important forage grasses, and provide their grass hosts with protection from a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses. Epichloë species include many interspecific hybrids with allodiploid-like genomes, which may provide the potential for combined traits or recombination to generate new traits. Though circumstantial evidence suggests that such interspecific hybrids might have arisen from nuclear fusion events following vegetative hyphal fusion between different Epichloë strains, this hypothesis has not been addressed empirically. Here, we investigated vegetative hyphal fusion and subsequent nuclear behavior in Epichloë species. A majority of Epichloë strains, especially those having a sexual stage, underwent self vegetative hyphal fusion. Vegetative fusion also occurred between two hyphae from different Epichloë strains. Though Epichloë spp. are uninucleate fungi, hyphal fusion resulted in two nuclei stably sharing the same cytoplasm, which might ultimately lead to nuclear fusion. In addition, protoplast fusion experiments gave rise to uninucleate putative hybrids, which apparently had two markers, one from each parent within the same nucleus. These results are consistent with the notion that interspecific hybrids arise from vegetative hyphal fusion. However, we also discuss additional factors, such as post-hybridization selection, that may be important to explain the recognized prevalence of hybrids in Epichloë species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ya Shoji
- The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Plant Biology Division, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, United States of America
| | - Nikki D. Charlton
- The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Forage Improvement Division, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, United States of America
| | - Mihwa Yi
- The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Forage Improvement Division, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, United States of America
| | - Carolyn A. Young
- The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Forage Improvement Division, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, United States of America
| | - Kelly D. Craven
- The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Plant Biology Division, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Tóth V, Nagy CT, Miskei M, Pócsi I, Emri T. Polyphasic characterization of "Aspergillus nidulans var. roseus" ATCC 58397. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2011; 56:381-8. [PMID: 21858538 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-011-0059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Polyphasic characterization of the echinocandin B producer Aspergillus nidulans var. roseus ATCC 58397 strain was carried out to elucidate its taxonomical status. According to its carbon source utilization and secondary metabolite spectrum as well as the partial β-tubulin, calmodulin, and γ-actin gene sequences, A. nidulans var. roseus belongs to the Emericella rugulosa species. Auxotroph mutants of A. nidulans var. roseus ATCC 58397 and E. rugulosa CBS 171.71 and CBS 133.60 formed stable heterokaryons on minimal medium with several A. nidulans strains, and in the case of A. nidulans var. roseus, even cleistothecia were developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Tóth
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
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Varga J, Kesztyüs K, Téren J, Ferenczy L. Allocation of random amplified polymorphic DNA markers and enzyme activities to Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus tetrazonus chromosomes. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1995; 68:245-51. [PMID: 8572683 DOI: 10.1007/bf00871822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome-substituted haploid segregants of an A. nidulans x A. tetrazonus somatic hybrid were used to allocate several random amplified polymorphic DNA and isoenzyme markers to parental chromosomes. Twenty-six amplified DNA fragments, and nine isoenzyme activities, including lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, and arylesterase isoenzymes were assigned to chromosomes. Chromosomes-specific markers were found for each A. nidulans and A. tetrazonus chromosome. These markers could be used to saturate the genetic map of A. nidulans. The formation of two secondary metabolites was also assigned to chromosomes III and VIII. Attempts were made to allocate extracellular enzyme activities to parental chromosomes, mostly without success, possibly because multiple enzyme forms located on different chromosomes could be responsible for the production of an enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Varga
- Department of Microbiology, Attila József University, Szeged, Hungary
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Chadegani M, Brink JJ, Shehata A, Ahmadjian V. Optimization of protoplast formation, regeneration, and viability in Microsporum gypseum. Mycopathologia 1989; 107:33-50. [PMID: 2811981 DOI: 10.1007/bf00437588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Factors affecting high yields, regeneration frequencies, and viability of protoplasts from clonal cultures of Microsporum gypseum were investigated. Maximum yields of protoplasts were obtained after 6 hrs digestion of 2-4 days old mycelium with Novozyme 234 using CaCl2 (0.4 M) as an osmotic stabilizer and glycine + HCl (pH 4.5) as the buffer system. Mercaptoethanol + dithiothreitol (0.01 M) proved to be the best pretreatment of mycelium prior to digestion with enzyme. A regeneration frequency of 94.4% was obtained using the top agar method with complete medium (pH 6.5) containing 0.5% agar and 0.4 M CaCl2 as an osmoticum. Colonies from regenerated protoplasts on medium containing CaCl2 were pigmented and completely powdery with high sporulation. Protoplast viability was studied in osmotic stabilizer supplemented with glucose or glutamine. After 24 hrs, glucose (2%) and glutamine (2%) enhanced protoplast viability by 22% and 23%, respectively. Protein synthesis, as measured by 3H-lysine uptake, matched the viability profile determined by fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chadegani
- Department of Biology, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610-1477
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