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Cole LE, Zhang J, Pacheco KM, Lhéritier P, Anosova NG, Piolat J, Zheng L, Reveneau N. Immunological Distinctions between Acellular and Whole-Cell Pertussis Immunizations of Baboons Persist for at Least One Year after Acellular Vaccine Boosting. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8040729. [PMID: 33276673 PMCID: PMC7761625 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
While both whole-cell (wP) and acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines have been highly effective at reducing the global pertussis disease burden, there are concerns that compared to wP vaccination, the immune responses to aP vaccination may wane more rapidly. To gain insights into the vaccine elicited immune responses, pre-adult baboons were immunized with either aP or wP vaccines, boosted with an aP vaccine, and observed over a nearly two-year period. Priming with a wP vaccine elicited a more Th17-biased response than priming with aP, whereas priming with an aP vaccine led to a more Th2-biased response than priming with wP. These differences were maintained after aP vaccine boost immunizations. Compared to aP, animals primed with a wP vaccine exhibited greater numbers of pertussis specific memory B cells. While aP and wP vaccine priming initially elicited similar levels of anti-pertussis toxin antibody, titers declined more rapidly in aP vaccine primed animals leading to a 4-fold difference. Both wP and aP vaccine immunization could induce serum bactericidal activity (SBA); however, only one wP vaccine immunization was required to elicit SBA while multiple aP vaccine immunizations were required to elicit lower, less durable SBA titers. In conclusion, when compared to aP vaccine, priming with wP vaccine elicits distinct cellular and humoral immune responses that persist after aP vaccine boosting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah E. Cole
- Sanofi Pasteur, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; (J.Z.); (K.M.P.); (N.G.A.)
- Correspondence: (L.E.C.); (N.R.); Tel.: +1-617-866-4473 (L.E.C.); +33-4-37-66-8510 (N.R.)
| | - Jinrong Zhang
- Sanofi Pasteur, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; (J.Z.); (K.M.P.); (N.G.A.)
| | - Kristl M. Pacheco
- Sanofi Pasteur, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; (J.Z.); (K.M.P.); (N.G.A.)
| | | | | | - Julie Piolat
- Sanofi Pasteur, 69280 Marcy L’Etoile, France; (P.L.); (J.P.)
| | | | - Nathalie Reveneau
- Sanofi Pasteur, 69280 Marcy L’Etoile, France; (P.L.); (J.P.)
- Correspondence: (L.E.C.); (N.R.); Tel.: +1-617-866-4473 (L.E.C.); +33-4-37-66-8510 (N.R.)
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Thiriard A, Raze D, Locht C. Diversion of complement-mediated killing by Bordetella. Microbes Infect 2018; 20:512-520. [PMID: 29454132 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The complement cascade participates in protection against bacterial infections, and pathogens, including Bordetella pertussis, have developed complement-evading strategies. Here we discuss current knowledge on B. pertussis complement evasion strategies and the role of antibody-dependent complement-mediated killing in protection against B. pertussis infection pointing out important knowledge gaps for further research to improve current pertussis vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Thiriard
- Université de Lille, CNRS UMR 8204, Inserm U1019, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Dominique Raze
- Université de Lille, CNRS UMR 8204, Inserm U1019, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Camille Locht
- Université de Lille, CNRS UMR 8204, Inserm U1019, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
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3
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Geurtsen J, Fae KC, van den Dobbelsteen GPJM. Importance of (antibody-dependent) complement-mediated serum killing in protection against Bordetella pertussis. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 13:1229-40. [PMID: 25081731 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2014.944901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory disease that is caused by Bordetella pertussis. Despite being vaccine preventable, pertussis rates have been rising steadily over the last decades, even in areas with high vaccine uptake. Recently, experiments with infant baboons indicated that although vaccination with acellular pertussis vaccines prevented disease, no apparent effect was observed on infection and transmission. One explanation may be that current acellular pertussis vaccines do not induce high levels of opsonophagocytic and/or bactericidal activity, implying that engineering of vaccines that promote bacterial killing may improve efficacy. Here, we discuss the importance of complement-mediated killing in vaccine-induced protection against B. pertussis. We first examine how B. pertussis may have evolved different complement evasion strategies. Second, we explore the benefits of opsonophagocytic and/or bactericidal killing in vaccine-induced protection and discuss whether or not inclusion of new opsonophagocytic or bactericidal target antigens in pertussis vaccines may benefit efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Geurtsen
- Crucell Holland B.V, one of the Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson - Bacterial Vaccines Research and Development, PO Box 2048, Archimedesweg 4-6, 2333 CN Leiden, The Netherlands
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4
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Abstract
To overcome the limitations of the current pertussis vaccines, those of limited duration of action and failure to induce direct killing of Bordetella pertussis, a synthetic scheme was devised for preparing a conjugate vaccine composed of the Bordetella bronchiseptica core oligosaccharide with one terminal trisaccharide to aminooxylated BSA via their terminal ketodeoxyoctanate residues. Conjugate-induced antibodies, by a fraction of an estimated human dose injected into young outbred mice as a saline solution, were bactericidal against B. pertussis, and their titers correlated with their ELISA values. The carrier protein is planned to be genetically altered pertussis toxoid. Such conjugates are easy to prepare, stable, and should add both to the level and duration of immunity induced by current vaccine-induced pertussis antibodies and reduce the circulation of B. pertussis.
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5
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Oligosaccharide conjugates of Bordetella pertussis and bronchiseptica induce bactericidal antibodies, an addition to pertussis vaccine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:4087-92. [PMID: 21367691 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1100782108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory disease that is especially dangerous for infants and children. Despite mass vaccination, reported pertussis cases have increased in the United States and other parts of the world, probably because of increased awareness, improved diagnostic means, and waning vaccine-induced immunity among adolescents and adults. Licensed vaccines do not kill the organism directly; the addition of a component inducing bactericidal antibodies would improve vaccine efficacy. We investigated Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica LPS-derived core oligosaccharide (OS) protein conjugates for their immunogenicity in mice. B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica core OS were bound to aminooxylated BSA via their terminal Kdo residues. The two conjugates induced similar anti-B. pertussis LPS IgG levels in mice. B. bronchiseptica was investigated because it is easier to grow than B. pertussis. Using B. bronchiseptica genetically modified strains deficient in the O-specific polysaccharide, we isolated fractions of core OS with one to five repeats of the terminal trisaccharide, having at the nonreducing end a GlcNAc or GalNAc, and bound them to BSA at different densities. The highest antibody levels in mice were elicited by conjugates containing an average of 8-17 OS chains per protein and with one repeat of the terminal trisaccharide. Conjugate-induced antisera were bactericidal against B. pertussis, and the titers correlated with ELISA-measured antibody levels (r = 0.74). Such conjugates are easy to prepare and standardize; added to a recombinant pertussis toxoid, they may induce antibacterial and antitoxin immunity.
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6
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Schaeffer LM, McCormack FX, Wu H, Weiss AA. Interactions of pulmonary collectins with Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharide elucidate the structural basis of their antimicrobial activities. Infect Immun 2004; 72:7124-30. [PMID: 15557636 PMCID: PMC529120 DOI: 10.1128/iai.72.12.7124-7130.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactant proteins A (SP-A) and D (SP-D) play an important role in the innate immune defenses of the respiratory tract. SP-A binds to the lipid A region of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and SP-D binds to the core oligosaccharide region. Both proteins induce aggregation, act as opsonins for neutrophils and macrophages, and have direct antimicrobial activity. Bordetella pertussis LPS has a branched core structure and a nonrepeating terminal trisaccharide. Bordetella bronchiseptica LPS has the same structure, but lipid A is palmitoylated and there is a repeating O-antigen polysaccharide. The ability of SP-A and SP-D to agglutinate and permeabilize wild-type and LPS mutants of B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica was examined. Previously, wild-type B. pertussis was shown to resist the effects of SP-A; however, LPS mutants lacking the terminal trisaccharide were susceptible to SP-A. In this study, SP-A was found to aggregate and permeabilize a B. bronchiseptica mutant lacking the terminal trisaccharide, while wild-type B. bronchiseptica and mutants lacking only the palmitoyl transferase or O antigen were resistant to SP-A. Wild-type B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica were both resistant to SP-D; however, LPS mutants of either strain lacking the terminal trisaccharide were aggregated and permeabilized by SP-D. We conclude that the terminal trisaccharide protects Bordetella species from the bactericidal functions of SP-A and SP-D. The O antigen and palmitoylated lipid A of B. bronchiseptica play no role in this resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndsay M Schaeffer
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML 0524, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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7
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Schaeffer LM, McCormack FX, Wu H, Weiss AA. Bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharide resists the bactericidal effects of pulmonary surfactant protein A. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 173:1959-65. [PMID: 15265930 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.3.1959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Surfactant protein A (SP-A) plays an important role in the innate immune defense of the respiratory tract. SP-A binds to lipid A of bacterial LPS, induces aggregation, destabilizes bacterial membranes, and promotes phagocytosis by neutrophils and macrophages. In this study, SP-A interaction with wild-type and mutant LPS of Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, was examined. B. pertussis LPS has a branched core structure with a nonrepeating trisaccharide, rather than a long-chain repeating O-Ag. SP-A did not bind, aggregate, nor permeabilize wild-type B. pertussis. LPS mutants lacking even one of the sugars in the terminal trisaccharide were bound and aggregated by SP-A. SP-A enhanced phagocytosis by human monocytes of LPS mutants that were able to bind SP-A, but not wild-type bacteria. SP-A enhanced phagocytosis by human neutrophils of LPS-mutant strains, but only in the absence of functional adenylate cyclase toxin, a B. pertussis toxin that has been shown to depress neutrophil activity. We conclude that the LPS of wild-type B. pertussis shields the bacteria from SP-A-mediated clearance, possibly by sterically limiting access to the lipid A region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndsay M Schaeffer
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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8
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Abstract
BrkA is a Bvg-regulated Bordetella pertussis protein that mediates serum resistance and adherence. It shares sequence identity with another B. pertussis virulence factor called pertactin, and it is a member of the diverse group of proteins found in Gram-negative bacteria that are secreted by an autotransporter mechanism. Sera, either from individuals who have been vaccinated with acellular pertussis vaccines, or from individuals who have no re-collection of recent infection with B. pertussis fail to kill wild-type B. pertussis, but kill brkA mutant strains very well. We examined whether BrkA could be neutralised in serum fitting this profile. BrkA is synthesised as a 103kDa precursor that is processed into a surface-associated N-terminal 73kDa passenger domain, and an outer-membrane embedded C-terminal 30kDa transporter moiety. Polyclonal antibodies were raised to a recombinant, re-folded histidine-tagged fusion protein representing the 73kDa passenger region. These anti-BrkA antibodies were shown to boost the existing bactericidal capacity of human serum against B. pertussis by neutralising BrkA.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Oliver
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, #300-6174 University Boulevard, BC, V6T 1Z3, Vancouver, Canada
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9
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Turcotte ML, Martin D, Brodeur BR, Peppler MS. Tn5-induced lipopolysaccharide mutations in Bordetella pertussis that affect outer membrane function. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 1997; 143 ( Pt 7):2381-2394. [PMID: 9245820 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-143-7-2381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
An LPSB-specific mAb was used to screen for ten Tn5 insertion mutants of Bordetella pertussis which have LPS which is phenotypically distinct from either wild-type LPSAB or LPSB. Silver-strained SDS-PAGE gels showed nine different LPS phenotypes, six of which contain two clinically undocumented LPS bands, designated IntA and IntB based on their proximity to the LPSA and LPSB bands, respectively. Binding assays with LPSA- and LPSB-specific mAbs established changes in epitope exposure for the various mutant LPS, both in cell-free form and as presented on the surface of whole cells. The possible involvement of a number of genes, both structural and regulatory, was indicated in production of the altered phenotypes. PFGE and Southern blotting showed that the Tn5 inserts of seven mutants mapped to a region of the B. pertussis chromosome shown previously to encode the bpl gene products of LPS biosynthesis. Mutants MLT3, MLT5 and MLT8, however, mapped to distinctly different parts of the chromosome. In addition, mutants MLT2 and MLT3 contributed to an accelerated frequency in the appearance of avirulent phase organisms despite their Tn5 inserts being over 1000 bp from the bvglASR locus. The alterations in LPS structure in the mutants changed their reactivity to strain-specific mAbs and their sensitivity to hydrophobic and hydrophilic antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Turcotte
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, 1-69 Medical Sciences Bldg, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - Denis Martin
- Unite de recherche en vaccinologie, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1V 4G2
| | - Bernard R Brodeur
- Unite de recherche en vaccinologie, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1V 4G2
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10
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Blay KL, Caroff M, Blanchard F, Perry MB, Chaby R. Epitopes of Bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharides as potential markers for typing of isolates with monoclonal antibodies. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 1996; 142 ( Pt 4):971-978. [PMID: 8936324 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-142-4-971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Three hybridomas (P1P3, D7 and 60.5) producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were established. All reacted with the LPS from a typical, vaccine strain of B. pertussis (1414), but not with that of a variant strain (A100). Two of these mAbs (P1P3 and 60.5) cross-reacted with a B. bronchiseptica LPS; only one (P1P3) reacted with a B. parapertussis LPS. ELISA reactivities with intact LPSs, and defined partial structures covalently linked to bovine serum albumin, were compared. mAb 60.5 bound to the terminal region of a distal trisaccharide consisting of N-acetylated amino sugars. D7 reacted with a substructure which can be modified in the B. parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica LPSs by addition of a polymeric O-chain. P1P3 bound to a nonacetylated glucosamine substituted with L-glycero-D-manno-heptose, present in the 'core' of the B. pertussis LPS. These mAbs may be useful for rapid typing of Bordetella in clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Le Blay
- Equipe 'Endotoxines', URA-1116 du CNRS, Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Martine Caroff
- Equipe 'Endotoxines', URA-1116 du CNRS, Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Frédéric Blanchard
- Equipe 'Endotoxines', URA-1116 du CNRS, Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Malcolm B Perry
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Chaby
- Equipe 'Endotoxines', URA-1116 du CNRS, Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
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11
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McNicol P, Giercke SM, Gray M, Martin D, Brodeur B, Peppler MS, Williams T, Hammond G. Evaluation and validation of a monoclonal immunofluorescent reagent for direct detection of Bordetella pertussis. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33:2868-71. [PMID: 8576336 PMCID: PMC228597 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.33.11.2868-2871.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
An outbreak of pertussis in Manitoba, Canada, provided an opportunity to evaluate the recently developed monoclonal antibody (MAb) BL-5 for the direct detection of Bordetella pertussis. The MAb recognizes a lipooligosaccharide epitope. A total of 1,507 consecutive nasopharyngeal swabs for culture and companion smears for direct fluorescent-antibody (DFA) detection were evaluated at Cadham Provincial Laboratory between September and November 1994. The cutoff for DFA positivity was four fluorescing organisms with morphology characteristic of B. pertussis. PCR analysis for B. pertussis DNA was performed on a subset of 100 smears by eluting material from the slides after DFA examination. In comparison with culture, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of BL-5 were 65.1% (41 of 63 samples), 99.6% (1,438 of 1,444 samples), 87.2% (41 of 47 samples), and 98.5% (1,438 of 1,460 samples), respectively. The sensitivity of culture compared with PCR was 45.5% (10 of 22 samples) for the subset of 100 specimens tested by both procedures. An expanded "gold standard" of positivity by culture or PCR for these 100 specimens resulted in DFA sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 32.3, 97.1, 83.3, and 76.1%, respectively. The utility of MAb BL-5 for direct detection of B. pertussis in a clinical laboratory setting has been demonstrated by this investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P McNicol
- Cadham Provincial Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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12
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Stenson TH, Peppler MS. Identification of two bvg-repressed surface proteins of Bordetella pertussis. Infect Immun 1995; 63:3780-9. [PMID: 7558280 PMCID: PMC173531 DOI: 10.1128/iai.63.10.3780-3789.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bordetella pertussis, the etiological agent of whooping cough, has the ability to modulate its phenotype in response to environmental conditions by using the BvgAS sensory transduction system which is encoded by the vir locus (now known as bvg). The BvgAS system is part of a large family of two-component sensory transduction systems which are common to a number of pathogenic bacteria. Although much is known about the proteins which exist in the B. pertussis virulent (X-mode or phase I) phenotype, relatively little is known about the proteins produced in the avirulent (C-mode or phase III) phenotype. We used sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing techniques to demonstrate the existence of at least 22 vir-repressed molecules which are increased in the avirulent phenotype. In addition, a series of monoclonal antibodies which are specific for the surface of avirulent B. pertussis were developed. Using immunological and protein techniques, we characterized two of these antigens as surface-exposed proteins. One of these antigens is expressed only in B. pertussis but not in the related species B. parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica. The other antigen is also present in B. parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica but is expressed at lower levels which are not regulated by bvg. The identification and characterization of vir-repressed proteins (and the genes which encode and regulate them) may help elucidate a physiological role for modulation of this obligate human pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Stenson
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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13
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Martin D, McNicol P, Marchand R, Lebel P, Peppler MS, Brodeur BR. An improved immunofluorescent reagent for rapid, direct detection of Bordetella pertussis. Can J Infect Dis 1995; 6:16-8. [PMID: 22514375 PMCID: PMC3327899 DOI: 10.1155/1995/915203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Martin
- National Laboratory for Immunology, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Ottawa, Ontario; Cadham Provincial Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba; Département de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Hôpital Ste-Justine, Montréal, Québec; and Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
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14
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Caroff M, Deprun C, Richards JC, Karibian D. Structural characterization of the lipid A of Bordetella pertussis 1414 endotoxin. J Bacteriol 1994; 176:5156-9. [PMID: 8051033 PMCID: PMC196360 DOI: 10.1128/jb.176.16.5156-5159.1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure of Bordetella pertussis 1414 lipid A was investigated by classical methods of chemical analysis as well as plasma desorption mass spectrometry and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. Previous analysis showed that it contained a bisphosphorylated beta-(1-->6)-linked D-glucosamine disaccharide with hydroxytetradecanoic acid in amide linkage. The presence of two main molecular species as seen by thin-layer chromatography was confirmed by plasma desorption mass spectrometry, in which the larger signal was attributable to a molecular ion containing two glucosamine, two phosphate, one tetradecanoic acid, one hydroxydecanoic acid, and three hydroxytetradecanoic acid residues. The ion of the smaller signal was lighter by the mass of one hydroxytetradecanoic acid residue (226 Da). The fatty acids in ester linkage were localized by chemical and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry analysis. C-4 and C-6' hydroxyl groups of the backbone disaccharide were unsubstituted, the latter being the proposed attachment site for Kdo (3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Caroff
- Equipe Endotoxines, URA 1116 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biochimie, Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
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15
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Shahin RD, Hamel J, Leef MF, Brodeur BR. Analysis of protective and nonprotective monoclonal antibodies specific for Bordetella pertussis lipooligosaccharide. Infect Immun 1994; 62:722-5. [PMID: 8300232 PMCID: PMC186166 DOI: 10.1128/iai.62.2.722-725.1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, it has been determined that immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG3 monoclonal antibodies directed to the lipooligosaccharide A of Bordetella pertussis were able to protect mice from fatal aerosol infection. No correlation was found between the bactericidal activity in vitro in the presence of complement and the protection in mice, since a bactericidal IgG3 did not elicit protection. In addition, no significant difference in protective capacity was observed with bactericidal and nonbactericidal IgG1 antibodies, indicating that bactericidal activity is not a requirement for protection mediated by certain anti-lipooligosaccharide A antibodies. A reduction in protection in C5-deficient mice was observed, suggesting a significant role for complement in certain host defense mechanisms against B. pertussis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Shahin
- Laboratory of Pertussis, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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16
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Brodeur BR, Martin D, Hamel J, Shahin RD, Laferrière C. Antigenic analysis of the saccharide moiety of the lipooligosaccharide of Bordetella pertussis. SPRINGER SEMINARS IN IMMUNOPATHOLOGY 1993; 15:205-15. [PMID: 8256198 DOI: 10.1007/bf00201101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B R Brodeur
- National Laboratory for Immunology, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Ottawa, Canada
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17
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Mountzouros KT, Kimura A, Cowell JL. A bactericidal monoclonal antibody specific for the lipooligosaccharide of Bordetella pertussis reduces colonization of the respiratory tract of mice after aerosol infection with B. pertussis. Infect Immun 1992; 60:5316-8. [PMID: 1452367 PMCID: PMC258314 DOI: 10.1128/iai.60.12.5316-5318.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A mouse immunoglobulin G3 monoclonal antibody specific for the core oligosaccharide moiety of the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) of Bordetella pertussis has been shown to have complement-dependent bactericidal activity. This monoclonal antibody exhibits bactericidal activity against strains of B. pertussis that express the LOS A phenotype. In addition this monoclonal antibody was effective in reducing colonization by B. pertussis in both the lungs and tracheas of mice after aerosol infection.
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18
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Fabio J, Caroff M, Karibian D, Richards J, Perry M. Characterization of the common antigenic lipopolysaccharide O-chains produced byBordetella bronchisepticaandBordetella parapertussis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05475.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Martin D, Peppler MS, Brodeur BR. Immunological characterization of the lipooligosaccharide B band of Bordetella pertussis. Infect Immun 1992; 60:2718-25. [PMID: 1377181 PMCID: PMC257226 DOI: 10.1128/iai.60.7.2718-2725.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Two structurally and immunologically different components of Bordetella pertussis endotoxin can be visualized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining: a major A band and a faster-migrating minor B band. Certain mutant strains of B. pertussis express only the B band, while the wild-type strains produce both lipooligosaccharides (LOS). Two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against the minor LOS B band were generated, allowing the study of this surface molecule on different strains of Bordetella. These two MAbs, designated BL-8 and BL-9, reacted strongly with phenol-water-purified LOS obtained from a B. pertussis LOS B mutant strain. Sodium periodate treatment of the purified LOS prevented binding of the MAbs, indicating the carbohydrate nature of the epitope(s). Western immunoblotting experiments revealed that the epitope(s) recognized by these MAbs is conserved on all B. pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica Vir- (avirulent) variant strains tested but is not present on Bordetella parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica Vir+ (virulent) wild-type strains. Further studies showed that although present in the lipopolysaccharide B band expressed by Vir- strains, the epitope(s) recognized by the MAbs is not accessible on the surface of intact B. bronchiseptica cells. For B. pertussis, the density and accessibility of this epitope(s) are dependent on the virulence-associated or LOS phenotype expressed by the strain. Our data demonstrate that the expression and accessibility of the epitope(s) are significantly greater on the LOS B variant strains and LOS AB Vir- strains compared with fresh B. pertussis clinical isolates. For these latter strains, which are Vir+, this epitope(s) was barely detectable on the surface of intact bacteria, despite Western blot analyses that revealed specific reactions between the MAbs and the LOS B band. The two LOS B-specific MAbs had no bacteriolytic activity against a LOS AB wild-type strain, while the control MAb BL-2, which is specific for the B. pertussis LOS A band, significantly reduced the number of living bacteria in the same assay. Moderate lytic activity against a mutant strain expressing only the LOS B band was observed for MAb BL-8 but not for MAb BL-9 or BL-2. These data demonstrate that the type, amount, and surface exposure of the LOS are related to the phenotype expressed by a specific B. pertussis strain. In addition, the LOS B MAbs also reveal the antigenic conservation of carbohydrate epitopes among B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Martin
- National Laboratory for Immunology, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Ottawa, Canada
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