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Salam N, Xian WD, Asem MD, Xiao M, Li WJ. From ecophysiology to cultivation methodology: filling the knowledge gap between uncultured and cultured microbes. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 3:132-147. [PMID: 37073336 PMCID: PMC10077289 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-020-00064-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Earth is dominated by a myriad of microbial communities, but the majority fails to grow under in situ laboratory conditions. The basic cause of unculturability is that bacteria dominantly occur as biofilms in natural environments. Earlier improvements in the culture techniques are mostly done by optimizing media components. However, with technological advancement particularly in the field of genome sequencing and cell imagining techniques, new tools have become available to understand the ecophysiology of microbial communities. Hence, it becomes easier to mimic environmental conditions in the culture plate. Other methods include co-culturing, emendation of growth factors, and cultivation after physical cell sorting. Most recently, techniques have been proposed for bacterial cultivation by employing genomic data to understand either microbial interactions (network-directed targeted bacterial isolation) or ecosystem engineering (reverse genomics). Hopefully, these techniques may be applied to almost all environmental samples, and help fill the gaps between the cultured and uncultured microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimaichand Salam
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Science and School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Wen-Dong Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Science and School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Mipeshwaree Devi Asem
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Science and School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Min Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Science and School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Science and School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011 China
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Kämpfer P, Busse HJ, Glaeser SP, Clermont D, Criscuolo A, Mietke H. Jeotgalicoccus meleagridis sp. nov. isolated from bioaerosol from emissions of a turkey fattening plant and reclassification of Jeotgalicoccus halophilus Liu et al. 2011 as a later heterotypic synonym of Jeotgalicoccus aerolatus Martin et al. 2011. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 33724175 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, coccus (strain Do 184T) was isolated from exhaust air of a turkey fattening plant on mannitol salt agar. The strain shared high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strains of Jeotgalicoccus aerolatus (98.0%) followed by Jeotgalicoccus marinus (97.2%) and Jeotgalicoccus huakuii (97.1%). All other 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to species of the genus Jeotgalicoccus were below 97%. The average nucleotide identities (ANI) between the Do 184T genome assembly and the ones of type strains of species of the genus Jeotgalicoccus were far below the 95% species delineation cutoff value, ranging from 79.47% (J. marinus DSM 19772T) to 75.30% (J. pinnipedialis CIP 107946T). The quinone system of Do 184T, the polar lipid profile, the polyamine pattern and the fatty acid profile were in congruence with those reported for other species of the genus Jeotgalicoccus and thus supported the affiliation of Do 184T to this genus. Do 184T represents a novel species, for which the name Jeotgalicoccus meleagridis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain Do 184T (=LMG 31100T=CCM 8918T=CIP 111649T). In addition, data on genome sequences of Jeotgalicoccus halophilus C1-52T =CGMCC 1.8911T=NBRC 105788T and Jeotgalicoccus aerolatus MPA-33T=CCM 7679T=CCUG 57953T=DSM 22420T=CIP 111750T indicate that both isolates represent the same species. Pairwise ANI between the genomes of these two strains lead to similarities of 98.98-99.05 %. These results indicate that these strains represent members of the same species. Due to priority of publication it is proposed that Jeotgalicoccus halophilus is reclassified as Jeotgalicoccus aerolatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kämpfer
- Institut für Angewandte Mikrobiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Busse
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität, A-1210 Wien, Austria
| | - Stefanie P Glaeser
- Institut für Angewandte Mikrobiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Alexis Criscuolo
- Hub de Bioinformatique et Biostatistique ‒ Département Biologie Computationnelle, Institut Pasteur, USR 3756 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Henriette Mietke
- Staatliche Betriebsgesellschaft für Umwelt und Landwirtschaft, D-01683 Nossen, Germany
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Secaira-Morocho H, Castillo JA, Driks A. Diversity and evolutionary dynamics of spore-coat proteins in spore-forming species of Bacillales. Microb Genom 2020; 6. [PMID: 33052805 PMCID: PMC7725329 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Among members of the Bacillales order, there are several species capable of forming a structure called an endospore. Endospores enable bacteria to survive under unfavourable growth conditions and germinate when environmental conditions are favourable again. Spore-coat proteins are found in a multilayered proteinaceous structure encasing the spore core and the cortex. They are involved in coat assembly, cortex synthesis and germination. Here, we aimed to determine the diversity and evolutionary processes that have influenced spore-coat genes in various spore-forming species of Bacillales using an in silico approach. For this, we used sequence similarity searching algorithms to determine the diversity of coat genes across 161 genomes of Bacillales. The results suggest that among Bacillales, there is a well-conserved core genome, composed mainly by morphogenetic coat proteins and spore-coat proteins involved in germination. However, some spore-coat proteins are taxa-specific. The best-conserved genes among different species may promote adaptation to changeable environmental conditions. Because most of the Bacillus species harbour complete or almost complete sets of spore-coat genes, we focused on this genus in greater depth. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed eight monophyletic groups in the Bacillus genus, of which three are newly discovered. We estimated the selection pressures acting over spore-coat genes in these monophyletic groups using classical and modern approaches and detected horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events, which have been further confirmed by scanning the genomes to find traces of insertion sequences. Although most of the genes are under purifying selection, there are several cases with individual sites evolving under positive selection. Finally, the HGT results confirm that sporulation is an ancestral feature in Bacillus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Secaira-Morocho
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, San Miguel de Urcuquí, Imbabura, Ecuador
| | - José A Castillo
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, San Miguel de Urcuquí, Imbabura, Ecuador
| | - Adam Driks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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4
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Li Y, Wang SK, Xue H, Chang JP, Guo LM, Yang XQ. Corticicoccus populi gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Staphylococcaceae, isolated from symptomatic bark of Populus × euramericana canker. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:789-794. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- The Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Protection, Research Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Sheng-kun Wang
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, PR China
| | - Han Xue
- The Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Protection, Research Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Ju-pu Chang
- Puyang Academy of Forestry, Puyang 457000, PR China
| | - Li-min Guo
- Puyang Academy of Forestry, Puyang 457000, PR China
| | - Xu-qi Yang
- Puyang Academy of Forestry, Puyang 457000, PR China
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5
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Glaeser SP, Kleinhagauer T, Jäckel U, Klug K, Kämpfer P. Jeotgalicoccus schoeneichii sp. nov. isolated from exhaust air of a pig barn. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:3503-3508. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie P. Glaeser
- Institut für Angewandte Mikrobiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Udo Jäckel
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität, A-1210 Wien, Austria
| | - Kerstin Klug
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität, A-1210 Wien, Austria
| | - Peter Kämpfer
- Institut für Angewandte Mikrobiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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Keely S, Brinkman N, Zimmerman B, Wendell D, Ekeren K, De Long S, Sharvelle S, Garland J. Characterization of the relative importance of human- and infrastructure-associated bacteria in grey water: a case study. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 119:289-301. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S.P. Keely
- National Exposure Research Laboratory; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Cincinnati OH USA
- McMicken College of Arts and Sciences; Department of Biological Sciences; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati OH USA
| | - N.E. Brinkman
- National Exposure Research Laboratory; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Cincinnati OH USA
- McMicken College of Arts and Sciences; Department of Biological Sciences; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati OH USA
| | - B.D. Zimmerman
- National Exposure Research Laboratory; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Cincinnati OH USA
- Department of Energy, Environmental, Biological & Medical Engineering; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati OH USA
| | - D. Wendell
- Department of Energy, Environmental, Biological & Medical Engineering; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati OH USA
| | - K.M. Ekeren
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
| | - S.K. De Long
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
| | - S. Sharvelle
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
| | - J.L. Garland
- National Exposure Research Laboratory; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Cincinnati OH USA
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7
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Chen JH, Tian XR, Ruan Y, Yang LL, He ZQ, Tang SK, Li WJ, Shi H, Chen YG. Bacillus crassostreae sp. nov., isolated from an oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:1561-1566. [PMID: 25713049 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.000139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel Gram-stain-positive, motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, endospore-forming, facultatively anaerobic rod, designated strain JSM 100118(T), was isolated from an oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis) collected from the tidal flat of Naozhou Island in the South China Sea. Strain JSM 100118(T) was able to grow with 0-13% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2-5%), at pH 5.5-10.0 (optimum pH 7.5) and at 5-50 °C (optimum 30-35 °C). The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7 and the major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and C16 : 1ω11c. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unknown glycolipid and an unknown phospholipid. The genomic DNA G+C content was 35.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JSM 100118(T) belonged to the genus Bacillus , and was most closely related to Bacillus litoralis SW-211(T) (98.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Bacillus halosaccharovorans E33(T) (98.3%), Bacillus niabensis 4T19(T) (97.8%) and Bacillus herbersteinensis D-1,5a(T) (97.1%). The combination of results from the phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization, and phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characterization supported the conclusion that strain JSM 100118(T) represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus , for which the name Bacillus crassostreae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JSM 100118(T) ( = CTCC AB 2010452(T) =DSM 24486(T) =JCM 17523(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hua Chen
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, 416000 Jishou, PR China.,Pre-National Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128 Changsha, PR China
| | - Xiang-Rong Tian
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, 416000 Jishou, PR China
| | - Ying Ruan
- Pre-National Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128 Changsha, PR China
| | - Ling-Ling Yang
- The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, PR China
| | - Ze-Qiang He
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, 416000 Jishou, PR China
| | - Shu-Kun Tang
- The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, PR China
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, PR China
| | - Huazhong Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, 416000 Jishou, PR China
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Osés SM, Diez AM, Melero B, Luning PA, Jaime I, Rovira J. Characterization by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods of the bacterial population of suckling-lamb packaged in different atmospheres. Food Microbiol 2013; 36:216-22. [PMID: 24010600 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study offers insight into the dynamics of bacterial populations in fresh cuts of suckling lamb under four different atmospheric conditions: air (A), and three Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) environments, 15%O2/30%CO2/55%N2 (C, commercial), 70%O2/30%CO2 (O), and 15%O2/85%CO2 (H) for 18 days. Microbial analyses by both conventional methods and PCR-DGGE were performed. Controversial and surprising results emerged from comparing both methods in relation to the genus Pseudomonas. Thus, conventional methods detected the presence of high numbers of Pseudomonas colonies, although PCR-DGGE only detected this genus in air-packaged samples. PCR-DGGE detected higher microbial diversity in the control samples (A) than in the modified atmospheres (C, O, H), having atmosphere H the fewest number of species. Brochothrix thermosphacta, LAB (Carnobacterium divergens and Lactobacillus sakei), and Escherichia spp. were detected in all the atmospheres throughout storage. Moreover, previously undescribed bacteria from lamb meat such as Enterobacter hormaechei, Staphylococcus equorum and Jeotgalicoccus spp. were also isolated in this study by DGGE. Additionally, qPCR analysis was used to detect and characterize strains of Escherichia coli. Virulence genes (stx1, stx2 and eae) were detected throughout storage in 97% of the samples. A high CO2 atmosphere was the most effective packaging combination doubling storage time in comparison with commercial atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Osés
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain
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Du ZJ, Miao TT, Rooney AP, Liu QQ, Chen GJ. Neiella marina gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2012; 63:1597-1601. [PMID: 22904222 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.043448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel strain, designated J221(T), was isolated from the intestine of a sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, collected from earthen ponds in Qingdao, China. The strain was Gram-negative, oxidase-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile by means of one to several polar flagella. Growth of strain J221(T) was observed at temperatures between 10 and 40 °C with optimum growth between 25 and 28 °C. The pH range for growth was 5.0-9.0 with optimum growth at pH 7.5-8.0. The dominant fatty acids were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c, 29.04 %), C16 : 0 (28.93 %) and C18 : 1ω7c (26.15 %). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. Diphosphatidylglycerol, an unknown aminolipid and an unknown aminophospholipid were present in moderate to minor amounts in the polar lipid profile. Strain J221(T) had Q-8 as the major respiratory quinone. The DNA G+C content of strain J221(T) was 46.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain J221(T) is a member of the Gammaproteobacteria. It formed a distinct phyletic line with less than 91 % sequence similarity to any species within previously recognized genera. On the basis of this polyphasic taxonomic study, strain J221(T) should be classified as a representative of a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Neiella marina gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Neiella marina is J221(T) ( = CGMCC 1.10130(T) = NRRL B-51319(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Jun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.,College of Marine Science, Shandong University at Weihai, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Ting-Ting Miao
- College of Marine Science, Shandong University at Weihai, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Alejandro P Rooney
- National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - Qian-Qian Liu
- College of Marine Science, Shandong University at Weihai, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Guan-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.,College of Marine Science, Shandong University at Weihai, Weihai 264209, PR China
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10
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Liu WY, Jiang LL, Guo CJ, Yang SS. Jeotgalicoccus halophilus sp. nov., isolated from salt lakes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 61:1720-1724. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.022251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two slightly halophilic bacterial strains, C1-52T and YD-9, were isolated from Daban and Aiding salt lakes in Xinjiang, China, respectively. The isolates were Gram-positive, non-endospore-forming, non-motile, facultatively anaerobic cocci. Colonies were pale yellow, and a light pink, diffusible pigment was produced after a few additional days of incubation. The isolates grew optimally with 2–3 % (w/v) NaCl, at pH 7.5 and at 30–35 °C. The peptidoglycan type was l-Lys–Gly3–4–l-Ala(Gly). The menaquinones were MK-7 (83.2 %) and MK-6 (16.8 %). The major fatty acids (>10 %) were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. The DNA G+C content of strains C1-52T and YD-9 was 41.2 and 41.0 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains C1-52T and YD-9 were closely related to Jeotgalicoccus psychrophilus YKJ-115T (98.0 and 97.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively), followed by Jeotgalicoccus halotolerans YKJ-101T (97.1 and 96.8 %). Strains C1-52T and YD-9 shared, respectively, 20 and 11 % DNA–DNA relatedness with J. halotolerans JCM 11198T and 8 and 13 % with J. psychrophilus JCM 11199T. DNA–DNA relatedness between the isolates was 91 %. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strains C1-52T and YD-9 belonged to the same species, which should be placed in the genus Jeotgalicoccus as a novel species. The name Jeotgalicoccus halophilus sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain C1-52T ( = CGMCC 1.8911T = NBRC 105788T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yan Liu
- National Engineering Lab. of Biohydrometallurgy, General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, PR China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Agro-Microbial Resource and Application, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Lin-Lin Jiang
- Northeast Agricultural University, Haerbin 150030, PR China
| | - Chun-Jing Guo
- Northeast Agricultural University, Haerbin 150030, PR China
| | - Su Sheng Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Agro-Microbial Resource and Application, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China
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11
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Abstract
A novel Gram-stain-positive, slightly halophilic, facultatively alkaliphilic, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, endospore-forming, motile, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated strain JSM 082006T, was isolated from an oyster collected from Naozhou Island in the South China Sea. The isolate grew in 0–18 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0.5–4.0 %), at pH 6.0–10.5 (optimum, pH 8.0) and at 15–45 °C (optimum, 30 °C). meso-Diaminopimelic acid was present in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 0. Strain JSM 082006T contained MK-7 as the predominant respiratory quinone and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine as the major polar lipids. The genomic DNA G+C content was 40.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain JSM 082006T should be assigned to the genus Bacillus and that it was most closely related to the type strains of Bacillus barbaricus (sequence similarity 99.1 %) and Bacillus arsenicus (97.5 %), followed by those of Bacillus rigui (96.6 %) and Bacillus solisalsi (96.1 %). Phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA relatedness values, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data support the view that strain JSM 082006T represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus nanhaiensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is JSM 082006T ( = DSM 23009T = KCTC 13712T).
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12
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Chen YG, Zhang YQ, He JW, Klenk HP, Xiao JQ, Zhu HY, Tang SK, Li WJ. Bacillus hemicentroti sp. nov., a moderate halophile isolated from a sea urchin. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 61:2950-2955. [PMID: 21278416 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.026732-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel Gram-staining-positive, moderately halophilic, facultatively alkaliphilic, non-motile, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, endospore-forming, facultatively anaerobic rod, designated JSM 076093(T), was isolated from a sea urchin (Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus) collected from Naozhou Island in the South China Sea. Growth occurred with 0.5-25% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 5-8%) and at pH 6.0-10.5 (optimum pH 8.0) and 5-40 °C (optimum 30-35 °C). meso-Diaminopimelic acid was present in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 and the polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and one unidentified phospholipid. The major cellular fatty acids (>10% of the total) were anteiso-C(15:0), anteiso-C(17:0), iso-C(16:0) and iso-C(14:0). The genomic DNA G+C content was 38.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JSM 076093(T) belonged to the genus Bacillus and was related most closely to Bacillus hwajinpoensis SW-72(T) (99.1% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Bacillus algicola KMM 3737(T) (97.3%). The combination of results from the phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization and phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characterization supported the conclusion that strain JSM 076093(T) represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus hemicentroti sp. nov. is proposed, with JSM 076093(T) (=DSM 23007(T)=KCTC 13710(T)) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Guang Chen
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, PR China
| | - Yu-Qin Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Jian-Wu He
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, PR China
| | - Hans-Peter Klenk
- Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jian-Qing Xiao
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, PR China
| | - Hong-Yi Zhu
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, PR China
| | - Shu-Kun Tang
- The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, PR China, and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China.,The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, PR China, and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
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Terminal olefin (1-alkene) biosynthesis by a novel p450 fatty acid decarboxylase from Jeotgalicoccus species. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:1718-27. [PMID: 21216900 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02580-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Terminal olefins (1-alkenes) are natural products that have important industrial applications as both fuels and chemicals. However, their biosynthesis has been largely unexplored. We describe a group of bacteria, Jeotgalicoccus spp., which synthesize terminal olefins, in particular 18-methyl-1-nonadecene and 17-methyl-1-nonadecene. These olefins are derived from intermediates of fatty acid biosynthesis, and the key enzyme in Jeotgalicoccus sp. ATCC 8456 is a terminal olefin-forming fatty acid decarboxylase. This enzyme, Jeotgalicoccus sp. OleT (OleT(JE)), was identified by purification from cell lysates, and its encoding gene was identified from a draft genome sequence of Jeotgalicoccus sp. ATCC 8456 using reverse genetics. Heterologous expression of the identified gene conferred olefin biosynthesis to Escherichia coli. OleT(JE) is a P450 from the cyp152 family, which includes bacterial fatty acid hydroxylases. Some cyp152 P450 enzymes have the ability to decarboxylate and to hydroxylate fatty acids (in α- and/or β-position), suggesting a common reaction intermediate in their catalytic mechanism and specific structural determinants that favor one reaction over the other. The discovery of these terminal olefin-forming P450 enzymes represents a third biosynthetic pathway (in addition to alkane and long-chain olefin biosynthesis) to convert fatty acid intermediates into hydrocarbons. Olefin-forming fatty acid decarboxylation is a novel reaction that can now be added to the catalytic repertoire of the versatile cytochrome P450 enzyme family.
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Bacillus zhanjiangensis sp. nov., isolated from an oyster in South China Sea. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2010; 99:473-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-010-9510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Liu ZX, Chen J, Tang SK, Zhang YQ, He JW, Chen QH, Li WJ, Chen YG. Jeotgalicoccus nanhaiensis sp. nov., isolated from intertidal sediment, and emended description of the genus Jeotgalicoccus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 61:2029-2034. [PMID: 20851914 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.022871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel non-sporulating, non-motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, strictly aerobic, Gram-positive-staining coccus, strain JSM 077023(T), was isolated from an intertidal sediment sample collected from Naozhou Island in the South China Sea, China. Growth occurred in the presence of 0.5-25 % (w/v) NaCl [optimum, 2-5 % (w/v) NaCl] and at pH 5.5-10.5 (optimum, pH 7.0-8.0) and at 4-45 °C (optimum, 30-35 °C). The major amino acid constituents of the cell wall were alanine, glycine and lysine. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C₁₅:₀ and iso-C₁₅:₀. The strain contained MK-7 and MK-6 as the predominant respiratory quinones and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified phospholipid as the polar lipids. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JSM 077023(T) was 41.3 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain JSM 077023(T) should be assigned to the genus Jeotgalicoccus and was most closely related to the type strains of Jeotgalicoccus halotolerans (sequence similarity 99.0 %) and Jeotgalicoccus aerolatus (99.0 %), followed by Jeotgalicoccus coquinae (98.6 %) and Jeotgalicoccus psychrophilus (97.4 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of less than 97 % were observed with other species of the genus Jeotgalicoccus. Levels of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain JSM 077023(T) and the type strains of J. halotolerans, J. aerolatus, J. coquinae and J. psychrophilus ranged from 36.8 to 22.7 %. The combination of phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA relatedness values, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data supported the suggestion that strain JSM 077023(T) represents a novel species of the genus Jeotgalicoccus, for which the name Jeotgalicoccus nanhaiensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JSM 077023(T) ( = DSM 23006(T) = KCTC 13714(T)). An emended description of the genus Jeotgalicoccus is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Xiang Liu
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, PR China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, PR China
| | - Shu-Kun Tang
- The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, PR China, and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Yu-Qin Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China.,The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, PR China, and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Jian-Wu He
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, PR China
| | - Qi-Hui Chen
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, PR China
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China.,The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, PR China, and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, PR China, and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.,College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, PR China
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Bioprospecting microbial natural product libraries from the marine environment for drug discovery. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2010; 63:415-22. [PMID: 20606699 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2010.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Marine microorganisms are fascinating resources due to their production of novel natural products with antimicrobial activities. Increases in both the number of new chemical entities found and the substantiation of indigenous marine actinobacteria present a fundamental difficulty in the future discovery of novel antimicrobials, namely dereplication of those compounds already discovered. This review will share our experience on the taxonomic-based construction of a highly diversified and low redundant marine microbial natural product library for high-throughput antibiotic screening. We anticipate that libraries such as these can drive the drug discovery process now and in the future.
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Martin E, Fallschissel K, Kämpfer P, Jäckel U. Detection of Jeotgalicoccus spp. in poultry house air. Syst Appl Microbiol 2010; 33:188-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2010.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Revised: 03/16/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Schwaiger K, Hölzel C, Mayer M, Bauer J. Notes on the almost unknown genusJeotgalicoccus. Lett Appl Microbiol 2010; 50:441-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2010.02811.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Martin E, Klug K, Frischmann A, Busse HJ, Kämpfer P, Jäckel U. Jeotgalicoccus coquinae sp. nov. and Jeotgalicoccus aerolatus sp. nov., isolated from poultry houses. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 61:237-241. [PMID: 20207804 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.021675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming cocci (strains MK-7(T) and MPA-33(T)) were isolated from poultry houses. Strain MK-7(T) was isolated on marine broth agar from coquina, a food supplement for female ducks used in a duck-fattening farm. Strain MPA-33(T) was isolated from the air of a turkey house on TSA after filter sampling. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, both strains were shown to belong to the genus Jeotgalicoccus; MK-7(T) was most closely related to Jeotgalicoccus psychrophilus YKJ-115(T) (99.3 % similarity) and MPA-33(T) was most closely related to Jeotgalicoccus halotolerans YKJ-101(T) (98.8 %). The quinone system of MK-7(T) was composed of equal amounts of menaquinones MK-7 and MK-6 and that of MPA-33(T) contained 76 % MK-7 and 24 % MK-6. The polar lipid profile of strain MK-7(T) consisted of the major compounds diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol and six unidentified lipids present in minor to moderate amounts. In strain MPA-33(T), diphosphatidylglycerol was the single predominant lipid, whereas phosphatidylglycerol was detected in moderate amounts. In addition, one unidentified phospholipid and four unidentified lipids were detected. Fatty acid profiles with iso-15 : 0 and anteiso-15 : 0 as major fatty acids supported the affiliation of the strains to the genus Jeotgalicoccus. The results of physiological and biochemical tests as well as DNA-DNA hybridizations allowed clear phenotypic differentiation of strains MK-7(T) and MPA-33(T) from the most closely related species. Strains MK-7(T) and MPA-33(T) therefore represent novel species, for which the names Jeotgalicoccus coquinae sp. nov. (type strain MK-7(T) =DSM 22419(T) =CCM 7682(T) =CCUG 57956(T)) and Jeotgalicoccus aerolatus sp. nov. (type strain MPA-33(T) =DSM 22420(T) =CCM 7679(T) =CCUG 57953(T)) are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Martin
- Bundesanstalt für Arbeitschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, D-10317 Berlin, Germany
| | - K Klug
- Bundesanstalt für Arbeitschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, D-10317 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Frischmann
- Institut für Bakteriologie, Mykologie und Hygiene, Veterinärmedizinische Universität, A-1210 Wien, Austria
| | - H-J Busse
- Institut für Bakteriologie, Mykologie und Hygiene, Veterinärmedizinische Universität, A-1210 Wien, Austria
| | - P Kämpfer
- Institut für Angewandte Mikrobiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - U Jäckel
- Bundesanstalt für Arbeitschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, D-10317 Berlin, Germany
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Chen YG, Zhang YQ, Yi LB, Li ZY, Wang YX, Xiao HD, Chen QH, Cui XL, Li WJ. Pontibacillus litoralis sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic bacterium isolated from a sea anemone, and emended description of the genus Pontibacillus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:560-565. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.009910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A facultatively anaerobic, moderately halophilic, Gram-positive, endospore-forming, motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, strain JSM 072002T, was isolated from a sea anemone (Anthopleura xanthogrammica) collected from the South China Sea. Strain JSM 072002T was able to grow with 0.5–15 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 6.0–10.0 and 15–50 °C; optimum growth was observed with 2–5 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 7.5 and 35 °C. meso-Diaminopimelic acid was present in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 and the genomic DNA G+C content was 41.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JSM 072002T should be assigned to the genus Pontibacillus and revealed relatively low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (<97 %) with the type strains of the three recognized Pontibacillus species (Pontibacillus chungwhensis BH030062T, 96.8 %; Pontibacillus marinus KCTC 3917T, 96.7 %; Pontibacillus halophilus JSM 076056T, 96.0 %). The combination of phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA relatedness values, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data supports the view that strain JSM 072002T represents a novel species of the genus Pontibacillus, for which the name Pontibacillus litoralis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JSM 072002T (=DSM 21186T=KCTC 13237T). An emended description of the genus Pontibacillus is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Guang Chen
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Yu-Qin Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Lang-Bo Yi
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Zhao-Yang Li
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, PR China, and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, PR China
| | - Huai-Dong Xiao
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Qi-Hui Chen
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Long Cui
- The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, PR China, and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, PR China
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510301, PR China
- The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, PR China, and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, PR China
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Peng QZ, Chen J, Zhang YQ, Chen QH, Peng DJ, Cui XL, Li WJ, Chen YG. Virgibacillus zhanjiangensis sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from sea water. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2009; 96:645-52. [PMID: 19774482 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-009-9381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A Gram-positive, endospore-forming, catalase- and oxidase-positive, motile, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated strain JSM 079157(T), was isolated from surface seawater off the coastline of Naozhou Island in South China Sea. The organism was able to grow with 1-15% (w/v) total salts (optimum, 4-7%), and at pH 6.0-10.0 (optimum, pH 7.5) and 10-45 degrees C (optimum, 30 degrees C). meso-Diaminopimelic acid was present in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The predominant menaquinone was MK-7, and the polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C(15:0) (45.1%) and anteiso-C(17:0) (16.2%), and the DNA G + C content was 39.5 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain JSM 079157(T) should be assigned to the genus Virgibacillus, being related most closely to the type strains of Virgibacillus litoralis (97.4% sequence similarity), Virgibacillus necropolis (97.3%) and Virgibacillus carmonensis (97.1%). These four strains formed a distinct subcluster in the phylogenetic tree. The levels of DNA-DNA relatedness between the new isolate and the type strains of V. litoralis, V. necropolis and V. carmonensis were 30.4, 19.3 and 12.6%, respectively. The results of the phylogenetic analysis, combined with DNA-DNA relatedness data, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic information, support the suggestion that strain JSM 079157(T) represents a new species of the genus Virgibacillus, for which the name Virgibacillus zhanjiangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JSM 079157(T) (=DSM 21084(T) = KCTC 13227(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Zhong Peng
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, 416000 Jishou, People's Republic of China
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Chen YG, Zhang YQ, Wang YX, Liu ZX, Klenk HP, Xiao HD, Tang SK, Cui XL, Li WJ. Bacillus neizhouensis sp. nov., a halophilic marine bacterium isolated from a sea anemone. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:3035-9. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.009522-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Chen YG, Zhang YQ, Huang HY, Klenk HP, Tang SK, Huang K, Chen QH, Cui XL, Li WJ. Halomonas zhanjiangensis sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a sea urchin. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:2888-93. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.010173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Chen YG, Wang YX, Zhang YQ, Tang SK, Liu ZX, Xiao HD, Xu LH, Cui XL, Li WJ. Nocardiopsis litoralis sp. nov., a halophilic marine actinomycete isolated from a sea anemone. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:2708-13. [PMID: 19625431 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.009704-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-positive, moderately halophilic, alkalitolerant, filamentous, aerobic actinomycete, designated strain JSM 073097(T), was isolated from a sea anemone collected from a tidal flat in the South China Sea. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the new isolate was a member of the genus Nocardiopsis and was most closely related to Nocardiopsis kunsanensis HA-9(T), Nocardiopsis xinjiangensis YIM 90004(T) and Nocardiopsis salina YIM 90010(T) (99.6, 98.5 and 98.1 % similarity, respectively). Phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data also indicated that strain JSM 073097(T) was a member of the genus Nocardiopsis. The strain grew well on most of the media tested, producing white to yellow-white substrate mycelium and white aerial mycelium and straight to flexuous hyphae. The substrate mycelium was well developed and fragmented with age; the aerial mycelium produced long, straight to flexuous spore chains with non-motile, smooth-surfaced, rod-shaped spores. The strain grew in the presence of 1-15 % (w/v) total salts and at pH 6.0-10.5 and 20-35 degrees C; optimum growth occurred in the presence of 5-7 % (w/v) total salts and at pH 8.5 and 25 degrees C. Whole-cell hydrolysates of strain JSM 073097(T) contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and no diagnostic sugars. The predominant menaquinones were MK-10(H(4)), MK-10(H(6)) and MK-10(H(8)). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C(15 : 0), iso-C(16 : 0), anteiso-C(16 : 0) and 10-methyl C(18 : 0). Polar lipids comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol. The DNA G+C content of strain JSM 073097(T) was 70.4 mol%. The combination of phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA relatedness data, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data supported the suggestion that strain JSM 073097(T) represents a novel species of the genus Nocardiopsis, for which the name Nocardiopsis litoralis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JSM 073097(T) (=DSM 45168(T)=KCTC 19473(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Guang Chen
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, People's Republic of China
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