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Kumar SC, Kumar M, Singh R, Saxena AK. Population and genetic diversity of rhizobia nodulating chickpea in Indo-Gangetic plains of India. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:4057-4075. [PMID: 39110399 PMCID: PMC11711595 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01473-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Chickpea is a crucial leguminous crop and India is the leading producer, with an average yield of 1.18 tons/ha. It is renowned for its specific nodulation with rhizobia. Despite its significance, studies on chickpea-nodulating rhizobia often focused on small-scale investigations within restricted geographical areas. This study delves into the population, genetic diversity, and symbiotic efficiency of chickpea-nodulating rhizobia in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of India. The study revealed a low population of chickpea rhizobia (ranging from 11 to 565 cells/g dry soil) across the examined area. Only three samples exhibited a population exceeding 300 cells/g, emphasizing the potential need for inoculation of rhizobia with efficient and competitive strains. Correlation analysis highlighted a significant positive correlation between rhizobial population and organic carbon content, among various soil parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and organic carbon content. Among the 79 presumptive rhizobia isolated from 24 IGP locations, 61 successfully nodulated chickpea cultivar Pusa 362. 16S rRNA gene sequencing categorized 54 isolates as Mesorhizobium, four as Rhizobium, and three as Ensifer. Genetic diversity assessed by BOX-PCR revealed sixteen distinct banding patterns, underscoring substantial variability among the strains. The strains exhibited plant growth-promoting activities, salt tolerance up to 3% NaCl, and pH tolerance between 4 and 10. Six symbiotically efficient strains were identified based on their positive impact on nodulation and dry biomass. This study provides crucial insights into the diversity, genetic makeup, and symbiotic efficiency of chickpea rhizobia in the IGP, supporting the potential use of indigenous rhizobia for sustainable chickpea productivity in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Charan Kumar
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Murugan Kumar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajni Singh
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anil Kumar Saxena
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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2
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van Lill M, Venter SN, Muema EK, Palmer M, Chan WY, Beukes CW, Steenkamp ET. SeqCode facilitates naming of South African rhizobia left in limbo. Syst Appl Microbiol 2024; 47:126504. [PMID: 38593622 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2024.126504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
South Africa is well-known for the diversity of its legumes and their nitrogen-fixing bacterial symbionts. However, in contrast to their plant partners, remarkably few of these microbes (collectively referred to as rhizobia) from South Africa have been characterised and formally described. This is because the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) are at odds with South Africa's National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act and its associated regulations. The ICNP requires that a culture of the proposed type strain for a novel bacterial species be deposited in two international culture collections and be made available upon request without restrictions, which is not possible under South Africa's current national regulations. Here, we describe seven new Mesorhizobium species obtained from root nodules of Vachellia karroo, an iconic tree legume distributed across various biomes in southern Africa. For this purpose, 18 rhizobial isolates were delineated into putative species using genealogical concordance, after which their plausibility was explored with phenotypic characters and average genome relatedness. For naming these new species, we employed the rules of the recently published Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes described from Sequence Data (SeqCode), which utilizes genome sequences as nomenclatural types. The work presented in this study thus provides an illustrative example of how the SeqCode allows for a standardised approach for naming cultivated organisms for which the deposition of a type strain in international culture collections is currently problematic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melandré van Lill
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Stephanus N Venter
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Esther K Muema
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Marike Palmer
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Wai Y Chan
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Emma T Steenkamp
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
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3
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Alagawany M, Farag MR, Al-Harthi MA, Asiry KA, Bovera F, Attia YA. The use of Astragalus membranaceus as an eco-friendly alternative for antibiotics in diets of Japanese quail breeders. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102909. [PMID: 37478618 PMCID: PMC10387600 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mature Japanese quails (n. 180), aged 8 wk, were divided into 6 groups to evaluate the influence of dietary Astragalus membranaceus powder on laying and reproductive performances, quality of egg, and blood metabolites. A completely randomized design experiment was performed including 6 groups. The first group of quails was served as control (basal diet). While, the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th group of quails fed a basal diet supplemented with 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 g of AM powder/kg diet, respectively. Egg number (EN), weight (EW), and mass (EM) were not significantly influenced by dietary Astragalus membranaceus at all tested levels. The hatchability percentage was quadratically improved by dietary supplementation of A. membranaceus. Dietary supplementation of A. membranaceus positively affects (linear and quadratic) liver and kidney functions. Plasma total cholesterol (TC; P < 0.001) and Triglyceride (TG; P < 0.001) were linearly and quadratically decreased by dietary A. membranaceus increasing level. Blood urea level decreased with increasing A. membranaceus levels in the quail diet. The immunoglobulin G (IgG) and M (IgM) were higher than the control at all A. membranaceus levels. In conclusion, feeding quail breeders with Astragalus membranaceus at 1 g/kg diet has beneficial effects on feed conversion ratio; on production at 2 g/kg diet; on hatchability and immunity at 5 g/kg diet; and on total cholesterol at 3 g/kg diet and on shell quality at 4 g/kg diet. A. membranaceus products are expected to be novel valuable dietary supplements for poultry production, depending on the target trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mayada R Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed A Al-Harthi
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Asiry
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fulvia Bovera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Youssef A Attia
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Nodulation and Growth Promotion of Chickpea by Mesorhizobium Isolates from Diverse Sources. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122467. [PMID: 36557720 PMCID: PMC9783758 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The cultivation of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in South Africa is dependent on the application of suitable Mesorhizobium inoculants. Therefore, we evaluated the symbiotic effectiveness of several Mesorhizobium strains with different chickpea genotypes under controlled conditions. The tested parameters included shoot dry weight (SDW), nodule fresh weight (NFW), plant height, relative symbiotic effectiveness (RSE) on the plant as well as indole acetic acid (IAA) production and phosphate solubilization on the rhizobia. Twenty-one Mesorhizobium strains and six desi chickpea genotypes were laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates in a glasshouse pot experiment. The factors, chickpea genotype and Mesorhizobium strain, had significant effects on the measured parameters (p < 0.001) but lacked significant interactions based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The light variety desi genotype outperformed the other chickpea genotypes on all tested parameters. In general, inoculation with strains LMG15046, CC1192, XAP4, XAP10, and LMG14989 performed best for all the tested parameters. All the strains were able to produce IAA and solubilize phosphate except the South African field isolates, which could not solubilize phosphate. Taken together, inoculation with compatible Mesorhizobium promoted chickpea growth. This is the first study to report on chickpea-compatible Mesorhizobium strains isolated from uninoculated South African soils with no history of chickpea production; although, their plant growth promotion ability was poorer compared to some of the globally sourced strains. Since this study was conducted under controlled conditions, we recommend field studies to assess the performance of the five highlighted strains under environmental conditions in South Africa.
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El-Fakhrany HH, Ibrahim ZA, Ashour EA, Osman A, Alagawany M. Effects of in ovo injection of Astragalus kahericus polysaccharide on early growth, carcass weights and blood metabolites in broiler chickens. Anim Biotechnol 2022; 33:1639-1645. [PMID: 34097569 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1924763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the impact of in ovo Astragalus kahericus polysaccharide (AKP) injections on performance, carcass weights, and blood constituents in Cobb chicks. Un-sexed 1 day broiler chicks (250) were divided into five treatment groups with five replicates of 10 chicks per group. The groups were as follows: (1) negative control (without additive), (2) positive control (saline injection), (3) 1.5 mg AKP, (4) 3.0 mg AKP, and (5) 4.5 mg in ovo AKP injections. Apart from the control groups, no significant changes in body weight at 3 and 5 weeks of age, and daily weight gains during 0-3 weeks of age were detected among the treatment groups. Daily feed consumption was decreased in AKP groups, while feed conversion ratio was improved with AKP when compared to the PC. AKP injections significantly altered the lipid profile parameters, including total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins, and very low-density lipoproteins in the plasma (p < 0.05); but there were no statistical differences in HDL (p > 0.001). AKP injections significantly impacted biochemical blood parameters, including total protein, albumin, and globulin, in broiler chicken plasma (p < 0.05). Liver and kidney functions were influenced by in ovo AKP injections in broilers. Antioxidant enzymes also changed significantly after in ovo injection with AKP. Moreover, in ovo injection of AKP significantly altered immunity (IgG and IgM) in broilers. In conclusion, in ovo injection of AKP significantly improved liver and kidney functions, antioxidant activity, and immune function in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zenat A Ibrahim
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Elwy A Ashour
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali Osman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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6
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Li X, Guo X, Li J, Yuan L, Wang H. Preventing effect of astragalus polysaccharide on cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapy of epirubicin: A pilot study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30000. [PMID: 35960075 PMCID: PMC9371539 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the clinical effect of astragalus polysaccharide in preventing cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapy of epirubicin. Two hundred forty-eight patients with breast cancer or malignant lymphoma were randomly divided into the experimental group (EG) (n = 124) and the control group (CG) (n = 124). The EG received chemotherapy regimen containing anthracycline epirubicin and astragalus injection, while CG received only chemotherapy regimen containing anthracycline epirubicin. We detected myocardial function (cardiac troponin I [cTnI], creatine kinase isoenzyme [CK-MB], left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF], and the ratio of mitral annular diastolic peak velocity to atrial systolic velocity [E/A]) and incidences of cardiotoxicity to assess cardiac function, they were compared at before the first treatment course (T1), end of the second course (T2) and 6-month follow-up. We also detected proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α), reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) aimed to discover potential mechanism. There were no statistical significances in differences of LVEF and E/A between 2 groups (P > .05) at T1 and T2, while levels of LVEF and E/A of EG were significant higher than those of the CG at 6 month follow-up, with statistically significant differences (P < .05). At T1, there were no statistical significances in differences of cTnI and CK-MB between 2 groups (P > .05); at T2 and 6 months follow-up, the cTnI, and CK-MB levels of EG was significantly lower than those of the CG, with statistically significant differences (P < .05). The incidence of cardiotoxicity of EG was 15% (17/113), which was significant lower than that of the CG (60%, 66/110), with statistically significant difference (P < .05). Moreover, the level of TNF-α, GPx, and SOD did not show significant difference (P > .05). The data in this pilot study suggested that astragalus polysaccharide may be an effective therapy for preventing cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapy of epirubicin. Furthermore, larger, placebocontrolled, perspective studies are needed to assess the efficacy of astragalus injection treatment for preventing cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapy of epirubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Li
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030032, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofang Li, MS, Department of Digestive Oncology, Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030032, China (e-mail: ); Haixiong Wang, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, No. 18 Yifen Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (e-mail: )
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030032, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030032, China
| | - Haixiong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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7
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Zaw M, Rathjen JR, Zhou Y, Ryder MH, Denton MD. Rhizobial diversity is associated with inoculation history at a two-continent scale. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2022; 98:6567838. [PMID: 35416244 PMCID: PMC9329089 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 120 Mesorhizobium strains collected from the central dry zone of Myanmar were analyzed in a pot experiment to evaluate nodulation and symbiotic effectiveness (SE%) in chickpea plants. Phylogenetic analyses revealed all strains belonged to the genus Mesorhizobium according to 16–23S rDNA IGS and the majority of chickpea nodulating rhizobia in Myanmar soils were most closely related to M. gobiense, M. muleiense, M. silamurunense, M. tamadayense and M. temperatum. Around two-thirds of the Myanmar strains (68%) were most closely related to Indian strain IC-2058 (CA-181), which is also most closely related to M. gobiense. There were no strains that were closely related to the cognate rhizobial species to nodulate chickpea: M. ciceri and M. mediterraneum. Strains with diverse 16S–23S rDNA IGS shared similar nodC and nifH gene sequences with chickpea symbionts. Detailed sequence analysis of nodC and nifH found that the strains in Myanmar were somewhat divergent from the group including M. ciceri and were more closely related to M. muleiense and IC-2058. A cross-continent analysis between strains isolated in Australia compared with Myanmar found that there was little overlap in species, where Australian soils were dominated with M. ciceri, M. temperatum and M. huakuii. The only co-occurring species found in both Myanmar and Australia were M. tamadayense and M. silumurunense. Continued inoculation with CC1192 may have reduced diversity of chickpea strains in Australian soils. Isolated strains in Australian and Myanmar had similar adaptive traits, which in some cases were also phylogenetically related. The genetic discrepancy between chickpea nodulating strains in Australia and Myanmar is not only due to inoculation history but to adaptation to soil conditions and crop management over a long period, and there has been virtually no loss of symbiotic efficiency over this time in strains isolated from soils in Myanmar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myint Zaw
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA5064, Australia.,Yezin Agricultural University, Yezin, Naypyidaw 15013, Myanmar
| | - Judith R Rathjen
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA5064, Australia
| | - Yi Zhou
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA5064, Australia
| | - Maarten H Ryder
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA5064, Australia
| | - Matthew D Denton
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA5064, Australia
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Aquibium microcysteis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a Microcystis aeruginosa culture and reclassification of Mesorhizobium carbonis as Aquibium carbonis comb. nov. and Mesorhizobium oceanicum as Aquibium oceanicum comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005230 10.1099/ijsem.0.005230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel bacterial strain, NIBR3T, was isolated from a
Microcystis aeruginosa
culture. Strain NIBR3T was characterized as Gram-negative, rod-shaped, catalase- and oxidase-positive, and aerobic. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain NIBR3T was most closely related to
Mesorhizobium carbonis
B2.3T (=KCTC 52461),
Mesorhizobium oceanicum
B7T (=KCTC 42783) and
Mesorhizobium qingshengii
CCBAU 33460T (=HAMBI 3277), at 98.7, 97.2 and 97.2% similarity, respectively. Our phylogenetic analyses revealed that three strains [strain NIBR3T with the previously reported two
Mesorhizobium
species (
M. carbonis
B2.3T and
M. oceanicum
B7T)] formed a distinct cluster from other
Mesorhizobium
type strains. The average nucleotide identity of strain NIBR3T relative to
M. carbonis
B2.3T
, M. oceanicum B7T, and
M. qingshengii
CCBAU 33460T was found to be 84.3, 79.4 and 75.8 %, with average amino-acid identities of 85.1, 74.8 and 64.3 %, and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values of 27.6, 22.6 and 20.7 %, respectively. The genome size and genomic DNA G+C content of NIBR3T were 6.1 Mbp and 67.9 mol%, respectively. Growth of strain NIBR3T was observed at 23–45 °C (optimum, 33 °C), at pH 6–11 (optimum, 8) and in the presence of 0–4 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). The major polar lipids in this novel strain were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylmethylethanolamine. The predominant respiratory quinone was Q-10. Summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18 : 1
ω6c) was the most abundant cellular fatty acid in strain NIBR3T. Based on genotypic characteristics using our genomic data, strain NIBR3T was identified as a member of new genus, Aquibium gen. nov., with the two aforementioned stains. The type strain f the novel species, Aquibium microcysteis sp. nov., is NIBR3T (=KACC 22092T=HAMBI 3738T). We also reclassified
Mesorhizobium carbonis
and
M. oceanicum
as Aquibium carbonis comb. nov. and A. oceanicum comb. nov., respectively.
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Kim M, Kim W, Park W. Aquibium microcysteis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a Microcystis aeruginosa culture and reclassification of Mesorhizobium carbonis as Aquibium carbonis comb. nov. and Mesorhizobium oceanicum as Aquibium oceanicum comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel bacterial strain, NIBR3T, was isolated from a
Microcystis aeruginosa
culture. Strain NIBR3T was characterized as Gram-negative, rod-shaped, catalase- and oxidase-positive, and aerobic. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain NIBR3T was most closely related to
Mesorhizobium carbonis
B2.3T (=KCTC 52461),
Mesorhizobium oceanicum
B7T (=KCTC 42783) and
Mesorhizobium qingshengii
CCBAU 33460T (=HAMBI 3277), at 98.7, 97.2 and 97.2% similarity, respectively. Our phylogenetic analyses revealed that three strains [strain NIBR3T with the previously reported two
Mesorhizobium
species (
M. carbonis
B2.3T and
M. oceanicum
B7T)] formed a distinct cluster from other
Mesorhizobium
type strains. The average nucleotide identity of strain NIBR3T relative to
M. carbonis
B2.3T
, M. oceanicum B7T, and
M. qingshengii
CCBAU 33460T was found to be 84.3, 79.4 and 75.8 %, with average amino-acid identities of 85.1, 74.8 and 64.3 %, and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values of 27.6, 22.6 and 20.7 %, respectively. The genome size and genomic DNA G+C content of NIBR3T were 6.1 Mbp and 67.9 mol%, respectively. Growth of strain NIBR3T was observed at 23–45 °C (optimum, 33 °C), at pH 6–11 (optimum, 8) and in the presence of 0–4 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). The major polar lipids in this novel strain were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylmethylethanolamine. The predominant respiratory quinone was Q-10. Summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18 : 1
ω6c) was the most abundant cellular fatty acid in strain NIBR3T. Based on genotypic characteristics using our genomic data, strain NIBR3T was identified as a member of new genus, Aquibium gen. nov., with the two aforementioned stains. The type strain f the novel species, Aquibium microcysteis sp. nov., is NIBR3T (=KACC 22092T=HAMBI 3738T). We also reclassified
Mesorhizobium carbonis
and
M. oceanicum
as Aquibium carbonis comb. nov. and A. oceanicum comb. nov., respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyung Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Environmental Microbiology, Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjae Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Environmental Microbiology, Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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10
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Alagawany M, Ashour EA, El-Fakhrany HHH, Ismail TA, Nasr M. Early nutrition programming with Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide: its effect on growth, carcasses, immunity, antioxidants, lipid profile and liver and kidney functions in broiler chickens. Anim Biotechnol 2022; 33:362-368. [PMID: 35034576 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.2025067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the influence of in ovo injection of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide on growth, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, carcasses, hematology, and blood metabolites in Cobb 500 chicks. At the 7th day of incubation, a total of 250 eggs were randomly divided into five groups with 5 replications of 10 eggs of each: negative control (normal eggs), positive control (0.5 mL saline), 1.5 mg Astragalus membranaceus, 3.0 mg Astragalus membranaceus, and 4.5 mg in ovo Astragalus membranaceus injection. Live body weight and gain were not significantly (linear and quadratic) affected by in ovo injection of Astragalus membranaceus. Kidney and liver functions were influenced by in ovo injection of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides in broiler chickens. Antioxidant enzymes were quadratically increased with Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides, and the highest values achieved with 4.5 mg. The MDA concentration was linearly and quadratically decreased with in ovo injection of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides when compared to negative control. The highest values of IgG and IgM were achieved with 1.5 mg Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides when compared to all other groups. In conclusion, our results indicate that in ovo injection of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides 1.5-4.5 mg in broiler eggs significantly improved serum ALT, AST, AP, creatinine enzymes, antioxidant activity, and immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Elwy A Ashour
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Tamer Ahmed Ismail
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Nasr
- Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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11
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Colored Microbial Coatings in Show Caves from the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador): First Microbiological Approach. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10111134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) have a unique ecosystem on Earth due to their outstanding biodiversity and geological features. This also extends to their subterranean heritage, such as volcanic caves, with plenty of secondary mineral deposits, including coralloid-type speleothems and moonmilk deposits. In this study, the bacterial communities associated with speleothems from two lava tubes of Santa Cruz Island were investigated. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was carried out for the morphological characterization and detection of microbial features associated with moonmilk and coralloid speleothems from Bellavista and Royal Palm Caves. Microbial cells, especially filamentous bacteria in close association with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), were abundant in both types of speleothems. Furthermore, reticulated filaments and Actinobacteria-like cells were observed by FESEM. The analysis of 16S rDNA revealed the presence of different bacterial phylotypes, many of them associated with the carbon, nitrogen, iron and sulfur cycles, and some others with pollutants. This study gives insights into subsurface microbial diversity of the Galapagos Islands and further shows the interest of the conservation of these subterranean geoheritage sites used as show caves.
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12
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Abstract
AbstractLegume genotype (GL) x rhizobium genotype (GR) interaction in chickpea was studied using a genetically diverse set of accessions and rhizobium strains in modified Leonard Jars. A subset of effective GL x GR combinations was subsequently evaluated in a pot experiment to identify combinations of chickpea genotypes and rhizobium strains with stable and superior symbiotic performance. A linear mixed model was employed to analyse the occurrence of GL x GR interaction and an additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model was used to study patterns in the performance of genotype-strain combinations. We found statistically significant interaction in jars in terms of symbiotic effectiveness that was entirely due to the inclusion of one of the genotypes, ICC6263. No interaction was found in a subsequent pot experiment. The presence of two genetic groups (Kabuli and Desi genepools) did not affect interaction with Mesorhizobium strains. With the exception of a negative interaction with genotype ICC6263 in the jar experiment, the type strain Mesorhizobium ciceri LMG 14989 outperformed or equalled other strains on all chickpea genotypes in both jar and pot experiments. Similar to earlier reports in common bean, our results suggest that efforts to find more effective strains may be more rewarding than aiming for identification of superior combinations of strains and genotypes.
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El-Batanony NH, Castellano-Hinojosa A, Correa-Galeote D, Bedmar EJ. Phylogenetic diversity of bacterial strains from root nodules of legumes grown wild in Egypt. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Awad A, Khalil SR, Hendam BM, Abd El-Aziz RM, Metwally MMM, Imam TS. Protective potency of Astragalus polysaccharides against tilmicosin- induced cardiac injury via targeting oxidative stress and cell apoptosis-encoding pathways in rat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:20861-20875. [PMID: 32246429 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08565-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tilmicosin (Til) was purposed to be used in the treatment of a wide range of respiratory diseases in livestock. However, undesirable adverse effects, cardiac toxicity, in particular, may be associated with Til therapy. In the present study, the response of adult rats administered Til subcutaneously at different doses (10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg b.w.; single injection) was evaluated. Astragalus polysaccharide (AP) at two doses (100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.; intraperitoneally) was investigated for its potential to counteract the cardiac influences, involving the oxidative stress-induced damage and apoptotic cell death, elicited by the Til treatment at a dose of 75 mg/kg b.w. in rats. Til induced mortalities and altered the levels of the biomarkers for the cardiac damage, particularly in the rats treated with the doses of 75 and 100 mg/kg b.w.; similarly, morphological alterations in cardiac tissue were seen at all studied doses. AP was found to cause a significant (P ˂ 0.05) decline in the levels of impaired cardiac injury markers (troponin, creatine phosphokinase, and creatine phosphokinase-MB), improvement in the antioxidant endpoints (total antioxidant capacity), and attenuation in the oxidative stress indices (total reactive oxygen species, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, lipid peroxides [malondialdehyde], and protein carbonyl), associated with a significant (P ˂ 0.05) modulation in the mRNA expression levels of the encoding genes (Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, P53, Apaf-1, and AIF), related to the intrinsic pathway of apoptotic cell death in the cardiac tissue. AP administration partially restored the morphological changes in the rat's heart. The highest protective efficacy of AP was recorded at a dose level of 200 mg/kg b.w. Taken together, these results indicated that AP is a promising cardioprotective compound capable of attenuating Til-induced cardiac impact by protecting the rat cardiac tissue from Til-induced apoptosis when administered concurrently with and after the Til injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Awad
- Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samah R Khalil
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Basma M Hendam
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Reda M Abd El-Aziz
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Tamer S Imam
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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15
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Zhang W, Zhang M, Cheng A, Hao E, Huang X, Chen X. Immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of Astragalus polysaccharide liposome in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:126-136. [PMID: 32142872 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) have been widely used as immunopotentiators in aquaculture, however, the best way of their administration remains to be explored. In the present study, APS liposome (APSL) was prepared by film dispersion-ultrasonic method. The optimal conditions of APSL preparation were determined by response surface methodology, with a ratio of 10:1 (w/w) for soybean lecithin to APS and 8:1 (w/w) for soybean lecithin to cholesterol, and an ultrasound time of 15 min, which produced an encapsulation efficiency of 73.88 ± 0.88% of APSL. In vivo feeding experiments in large yellow croaker showed that both APS and APSL could enhance the contents of serum total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB), activities of serum non-specific immune enzymes such as acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and lysozyme (LZM), and phagocytic activity of head kidney macrophages. Meanwhile, they both increased the activities of serum antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and reduced the content of final lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum, thus exhibiting the antioxidant effects. In vitro experiments on primary head kidney macrophages (PKM) showed that both APS and APSL inhibited ROS production, but obviously enhanced NO production and phagocytic activity of PKM. Furthermore, expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α), IFN-γ, and iNOS in PKM were significantly up-regulated after APS and APSL treatments, but no expression change of IFN-h was observed. Taken together, our results showed that both APS and APSL could improve several immune parameters and antioxidant ability of large yellow croaker either in vivo or in vitro, and the efficacy of APSL was markedly better than APS. These findings therefore indicated that the immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities of APS could be enhanced after encapsulated with liposome, and APSL may represent a potential drug delivery system of APS for development of immunoenhancers in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weini Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China; University Key Lab for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Mengxin Zhang
- University Key Lab for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Anyi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Entian Hao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- University Key Lab for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China.
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
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16
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17
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Farag MR, Elhady WM, Ahmed SYA, Taha HSA, Alagawany M. Astragalus polysaccharides alleviate tilmicosin-induced toxicity in rats by inhibiting oxidative damage and modulating the expressions of HSP70, NF-kB and Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Res Vet Sci 2019; 124:137-148. [PMID: 30901666 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the toxic effects of Tilmicosin (TIL) on adult rats. The rats received a single subcutaneous injection of TIL at different doses (10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg bw). TIL altered the biochemical parameters including liver and kidney function markers, glucose level and lipid profile as well as resulted in histopathological lesions in liver and adrenal glands mostly in rats exposed to 75 and 100 mg/kg bw. Then the role of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) at 100 and 200 mg/kg bw, in modulating the toxic effects induced by high dose of TIL was evaluated. Single injection of TIL at a dose of 75 mg/kg bw was found to increase the activity of ALT, AST and ALP enzymes, induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decrease the total antioxidant capacity (TAC). TIL upregulated the hepatic mRNA expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) while blocked the Nrf2/HO-1 mediated response. These changes were also associated with increasing tumer necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interlukin1-beta (IL-1β) and nitric oxide levels. On the other hand, the results indicate that APS has a beneficial role particularly at high level in alleviating the stress and the hepatotoxic effects elicited by TIL injection in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada Ragab Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Wlaa M Elhady
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Sarah Y A Ahmed
- Microbiology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Heba S A Taha
- Genetic Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Mahdhi M, Houidheg N, Mahmoudi N, Msaadek A, Rejili M, Mars M. Characterization of Rhizobial Bacteria Nodulating Astragalus corrugatus and Hippocrepis areolata in Tunisian Arid Soils. Pol J Microbiol 2018; 65:331-339. [PMID: 29334057 DOI: 10.5604/17331331.1215612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifty seven bacterial isolates from root nodules of two spontaneous legumes (Astragalus corrugatus and Hippocrepis areolata) growing in the arid areas of Tunisia were characterized by phenotypic features, 16S rDNA PCR-RFLP and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Phenotypically, our results indicate that A. corrugatus and H. areolata isolates showed heterogenic responses to the different phenotypic features. All isolates were acid producers, fast growers and all of them used different compounds as sole carbon and nitrogen source. The majority of isolate grew at pHs between 6 and 9, at temperatures up to 40°C and tolerated 3% NaCl concentrations. Phylogenetically, the new isolates were affiliated to four genera Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium, Mesorhizobium and Agrobacterium. About 73% of the isolates were species within the genera Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium. The isolates which failed to nodulate their host plants of origin were associated to Agrobacterium genus (three isolates).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosbah Mahdhi
- Center for Environmental Research and Studies, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadia Houidheg
- Research Unit Biodiversity and Valorization of Arid Areas, Bioressources (BVBAA), Faculty of Sciences, Gabès University, Erriadh-Zrig, Gabès, Tunisia
| | - Neji Mahmoudi
- Research Unit Biodiversity and Valorization of Arid Areas, Bioressources (BVBAA), Faculty of Sciences, Gabès University, Erriadh-Zrig, Gabès, Tunisia
| | - Abdelhakim Msaadek
- Research Unit Biodiversity and Valorization of Arid Areas, Bioressources (BVBAA), Faculty of Sciences, Gabès University, Erriadh-Zrig, Gabès, Tunisia
| | - Mokhtar Rejili
- Research Unit Biodiversity and Valorization of Arid Areas, Bioressources (BVBAA), Faculty of Sciences, Gabès University, Erriadh-Zrig, Gabès, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Mars
- Research Unit Biodiversity and Valorization of Arid Areas, Bioressources (BVBAA), Faculty of Sciences, Gabès University, Erriadh-Zrig, Gabès, Tunisia
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Fu GY, Yu XY, Zhang CY, Zhao Z, Wu D, Su Y, Wang RJ, Han SB, Wu M, Sun C. Mesorhizobium oceanicum sp. nov., isolated from deep seawater. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:2739-2745. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ge-yi Fu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Xiao-yun Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Chong-ya Zhang
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Dildar Wu
- Department of Biology, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, PR China
| | - Yue Su
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Rui-jun Wang
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Shuai-bo Han
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Min Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Cong Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
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20
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Andrews M, Andrews ME. Specificity in Legume-Rhizobia Symbioses. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E705. [PMID: 28346361 PMCID: PMC5412291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most species in the Leguminosae (legume family) can fix atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) via symbiotic bacteria (rhizobia) in root nodules. Here, the literature on legume-rhizobia symbioses in field soils was reviewed and genotypically characterised rhizobia related to the taxonomy of the legumes from which they were isolated. The Leguminosae was divided into three sub-families, the Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae and Papilionoideae. Bradyrhizobium spp. were the exclusive rhizobial symbionts of species in the Caesalpinioideae, but data are limited. Generally, a range of rhizobia genera nodulated legume species across the two Mimosoideae tribes Ingeae and Mimoseae, but Mimosa spp. show specificity towards Burkholderia in central and southern Brazil, Rhizobium/Ensifer in central Mexico and Cupriavidus in southern Uruguay. These specific symbioses are likely to be at least in part related to the relative occurrence of the potential symbionts in soils of the different regions. Generally, Papilionoideae species were promiscuous in relation to rhizobial symbionts, but specificity for rhizobial genus appears to hold at the tribe level for the Fabeae (Rhizobium), the genus level for Cytisus (Bradyrhizobium), Lupinus (Bradyrhizobium) and the New Zealand native Sophora spp. (Mesorhizobium) and species level for Cicer arietinum (Mesorhizobium), Listia bainesii (Methylobacterium) and Listia angolensis (Microvirga). Specificity for rhizobial species/symbiovar appears to hold for Galega officinalis (Neorhizobium galegeae sv. officinalis), Galega orientalis (Neorhizobium galegeae sv. orientalis), Hedysarum coronarium (Rhizobium sullae), Medicago laciniata (Ensifer meliloti sv. medicaginis), Medicago rigiduloides (Ensifer meliloti sv. rigiduloides) and Trifolium ambiguum (Rhizobium leguminosarum sv. trifolii). Lateral gene transfer of specific symbiosis genes within rhizobial genera is an important mechanism allowing legumes to form symbioses with rhizobia adapted to particular soils. Strain-specific legume rhizobia symbioses can develop in particular habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Andrews
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, PO Box 84, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand.
| | - Morag E Andrews
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, PO Box 84, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand.
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21
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de Lajudie P, Martinez-Romero E. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium Minutes of the meeting, 7 September 2014, Tenerife, Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:516-520. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe de Lajudie
- IRD, LSTM, Campus International de Baillarguet TA A-82/J, 34398 Montpellier Cédex 5, France
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22
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Shamseldin A, Abdelkhalek A, Sadowsky MJ. Recent changes to the classification of symbiotic, nitrogen-fixing, legume-associating bacteria: a review. Symbiosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-016-0462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Zhu YJ, Lu JK, Chen YL, Wang SK, Sui XH, Kang LH. Mesorhizobium acaciae sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Acacia melanoxylon R. Br. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 65:3558-3563. [PMID: 26296667 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three novel strains, RITF741T, RITF1220 and RITF909, isolated from root nodules of Acacia melanoxylon in Guangdong Province of China, have been previously identified as members of the genus Mesorhizobium, displaying the same 16S rRNA gene RFLP pattern. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the three strains belong to the genus Mesorhizobium and had highest similarity (100.0 %) to Mesorhizobium plurifarium LMG 11892T. Phylogenetic analyses of housekeeping genes recA, atpD and glnII revealed that these strains represented a distinct evolutionary lineage within the genus Mesorhizobium. Strain RITF741T showed >73 % DNA–DNA relatedness with strains RITF1220 and RITF909, but < 60 % DNA–DNA relatedness with the closest type strains of recognized species of the genus Mesorhizobium. They differed from each other and from their closest phylogenetic neighbours by presence/absence of several fatty acids, or by large differences in the relative amounts of particular fatty acids. While showing distinctive features, they were generally able to utilize a wide range of substrates as sole carbon sources based on API 50CH and API 20NE tests. The three strains were able to form nodules with the original host Acacia melanoxylon and other woody legumes such as Acacia aneura, Albizia falcataria and Leucaena leucocephala. In conclusion, these strains represent a novel species belonging to the genus Mesorhizobium based on the data obtained in the present and previous studies, for which the name Mesorhizobium acaciae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RITF741T ( = CCBAU 101090T = JCM 30534T), the DNA G+C content of which is 64.1 mol% (T m).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Jie Zhu
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, PR China
| | - Jun Kun Lu
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, PR China
| | - Ying Long Chen
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
- School of Earth and Environment, and UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Sheng Kun Wang
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, PR China
| | - Xin Hua Sui
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Li Hua Kang
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, PR China
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Pérez-Yépez J, Armas-Capote N, Velázquez E, Pérez-Galdona R, Rivas R, León-Barrios M. Evaluation of seven housekeeping genes for multilocus sequence analysis of the genus Mesorhizobium: Resolving the taxonomic affiliation of the Cicer canariense rhizobia. Syst Appl Microbiol 2014; 37:553-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Laranjo M, Alexandre A, Oliveira S. Legume growth-promoting rhizobia: An overview on the Mesorhizobium genus. Microbiol Res 2014; 169:2-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chen W, Sun L, Lu J, Bi L, Wang E, Wei G. Diverse nodule bacteria were associated with Astragalus species in arid region of northwestern China. J Basic Microbiol 2013; 55:121-8. [PMID: 24115208 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201300209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The legume species of Astragalus as traditional Chinese medicine source and environmental protection plants showed an extensive distribution in the arid region of northwestern China. However, few rhizobia associating with Astragalus have been investigated in this region so far. In this study, 78 endophytic bacteria were isolated from root nodules of 12 Astragalus species and characterized by the PCR-RFLP of 16S rRNA gene and symbiotic genes together with the phylogenetic analysis. Results showed that the majority (53%) of isolates are non-nodulating Agrobacterium sp. and the rest are Mesorhizobium genomic species (41%), Ensifer spp. and Rhizobium gallicum (6%), respectively. Mesorhizobium genomic species are broadly distributed in the Astragalus symbioses and most of them share similar symbiotic genes. It seems that horizontal gene transfer occurred frequently among different genomic species independent of their original hosts and sites. Astragalus adsurgens is nodulated by a widely range of rhizobial species in the nodulation test, revealing that it could play an important role in diversification of Astragalus symbionts and that might be a reason for its wide adaptation to diverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanx, China
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Zhou S, Li Q, Jiang H, Lindström K, Zhang X. Mesorhizobium
sangaii sp. nov., isolated from the root nodules of Astragalus luteolus and Astragalus ernestii. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:2794-2799. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.044685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous published data indicated that the two rhizobial strains SCAU7T and SCAU27, which were isolated from the root nodules of Astragalus luteolus and Astragalus ernestii respectively, in Sichuan Province, China, might be novel species of the genus
Mesorhizobium
. Their exact taxonomic position was determined in the present study by using polyphasic approaches. Comparative analysis of nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that these strains belonged to the genus
Mesorhizobium
, with
Mesorhizobium ciceri
USDA 3383T,
Mesorhizobium loti
NZP 2213T,
Mesorhizobium shangrilense
CCBAU 65327T and
Mesorhizobium australicum
WSM2073T as the closest neighbours (>99 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Phylogenies of the housekeeping genes atpD and recA confirmed their distinct position, showing low similarity with respect to those of
M. loti
LMG 6125T (96.5 % and 92.3 % similarity respectively),
M. ciceri
USDA 3383T (96.8 % and 93.3 % similarity, respectively),
M. shangrilense
CCBAU 65327T (96.5 % and 92.7 % similarity, respectively) and
M. australicum
WSM2073T (95.4 % and 90.6 % similarity, respectively). The DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain SCAU7T and strain SCAU27 were 83.0 %, showing that they belong to the same species. The DNA–DNA relatedness values of SCAU7T with
M. loti
NZP 2213T,
M. ciceri
USDA 3383T and
M. shangrilense
CCBAU 65327T were 41.1 %, 48.8 % and 23.4 %, respectively, clearly indicating that strain SCAU7T represents a novel species. A series of phenotypic and genotypic tests and comparison of cellular fatty acids indicated that the novel group of isolates was distinct from previously described species. Therefore, we propose that strains SCAU7T and SCAU27 represent a novel species of the genus
Mesorhizobium
,
Mesorhizobium
sangaii sp. nov., with strain SCAU7T ( = HAMBI 3318T = ACCC 13218T) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Zhou
- Department of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qiongfang Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Huaming Jiang
- Department of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Kristina Lindström
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China
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28
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Rhizobium cauense sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of the herbaceous legume Kummerowia stipulacea grown in campus lawn soil. Syst Appl Microbiol 2012; 35:415-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2012.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 07/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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29
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Degefu T, Wolde-Meskel E, Liu B, Cleenwerck I, Willems A, Frostegård Å. Mesorhizobium shonense sp. nov., Mesorhizobium hawassense sp. nov. and Mesorhizobium abyssinicae sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of different agroforestry legume trees. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2012; 63:1746-1753. [PMID: 22941297 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.044032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 18 strains, representing members of the genus Mesorhizobium, obtained from root nodules of woody legumes growing in Ethiopia, have been previously shown, by multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of five housekeeping genes, to form three novel genospecies. In the present study, the phylogenetic relationship between representative strains of these three genospecies and the type strains of their closest phylogenetic neighbours Mesorhizobium plurifarium, Mesorhizobium amorphae, Mesorhizobium septentrionale and Mesorhizobium huakuii was further evaluated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. In line with our earlier MLSA of other housekeeping genes, the phylogenetic trees derived from the atpD and glnII genes grouped the test strains into three well-supported, distinct lineages that exclude all defined species of the genus Mesorhizobium. The DNA-DNA relatedness between the representative strains of genospecies I-III and the type strains of their closest phylogenetic neighbours was low (≤59 %). They differed from each other and from their closest phylogenetic neighbours by the presence/absence of several fatty acids, or by large differences in the relative amounts of particular fatty acids. While showing distinctive features, they were generally able to utilize a wide range of substrates as sole carbon and nitrogen sources. The strains belonging to genospecies I, II and III therefore represent novel species for which we propose the names Mesorhizobium shonense sp. nov., Mesorhizobium hawassense sp. nov. and Mesorhizobium abyssinicae sp. nov. The isolates AC39a(T) ( = LMG 26966(T) = HAMBI 3295(T)), AC99b(T) ( = LMG 26968(T) = HAMBI 3301(T)) and AC98c(T) ( = LMG 26967(T) = HAMBI 3306(T)) are proposed as type strains for the respective novel species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulu Degefu
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Endalkachew Wolde-Meskel
- School of Plant and Horticultural Sciences, Hawassa University, PO Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia.,Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Binbin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Ilse Cleenwerck
- BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Anne Willems
- Laboratory of Microbiology (WE10), Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Åsa Frostegård
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
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