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Kerwin AH, Ohdera A, Bier J, Goodman D, Mammone M, Sharp V, Echeandía A, Medina M. Cassiopea xamachana microbiome across anatomy, development, and geography. PLoS One 2025; 20:e0319944. [PMID: 40215444 PMCID: PMC11991732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0319944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2025] [Indexed: 04/14/2025] Open
Abstract
The upside-down jellyfish holobiont, Cassiopea xamachana, is a useful model system for tri-partite interactions between the cnidarian host, the photosymbiont, and the bacterial microbiome. While the interaction between the host and photosymbiont has been well studied, less is understood of the associated bacterial community. To date, the bacterial microbiome of wild C. xamachana has remained largely uncharacterized. Thus, wild medusae (n=6) and larvae (n=3) were collected from two sites in the Florida Keys. Bacterial community composition was characterized via amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene V4 region. The medusa bacterial community was dominated by members of the Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria, while Planctomycetota, Actinomycetota, Bacteroidota, and Bacillota were also present, among others. Community composition was consistent between locations and across medusa structures (oral arm, bell, and gonad). The larval bacterial community clustered apart from the medusa community in beta diversity analysis and was characterized by the presence of several Pseudomonadota taxa that were not present in the medusa, including the Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas, and Thalassobius genera. A bacterial isolate library encompassing much of the amplicon sequencing diversity was also developed and tested via metabolic assays in a separate culture-dependent analysis of isolates from medusa bells, oral arms, and laplets. Most characteristics were not correlated with host sex or medusa structure, but gelatinase production was more common in laplet isolates, while lactose fermentation was more common in female oral arm isolates. The Endozoicomonas genus was dominant in both amplicon sequencing and in our isolate library, and was equally prevalent across all medusa structures and in both sexes. Understanding the bacterial component of the C. xamachana holobiont will allow us to further develop this important model cnidarian holobiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison H. Kerwin
- Department of Biology, McDaniel College, Westminster, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Aki Ohdera
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Juliet Bier
- Department of Biology, McDaniel College, Westminster, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Devon Goodman
- Department of Biology, McDaniel College, Westminster, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marta Mammone
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Victoria Sharp
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Alesandra Echeandía
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mónica Medina
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Summers S, Bin-Hudari MS, Magill C, Henry T, Gutierrez T. Identification of the bacterial community that degrades phenanthrene sorbed to polystyrene nanoplastics using DNA-based stable isotope probing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5229. [PMID: 38433255 PMCID: PMC10909871 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55825-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the Anthropocene, plastic pollution has become a new environmental biotope, the so-called plastisphere. In the oceans, nano- and micro-sized plastics are omnipresent and found in huge quantities throughout the water column and sediment, and their large surface area-to-volume ratio offers an excellent surface to which hydrophobic chemical pollutants (e.g. petrochemicals and POPs) can readily sorb to. Our understanding of the microbial communities that breakdown plastic-sorbed chemical pollutants, however, remains poor. Here, we investigated the formation of 500 nm and 1000 nm polystyrene (PS) agglomerations in natural seawater from a coastal environment, and we applied DNA-based stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) with the 500 nm PS sorbed with isotopically-labelled phenanthrene to identify the bacterial members in the seawater community capable of degrading the hydrocarbon. Whilst we observed no significant impact of nanoplastic size on the microbial communities associated with agglomerates that formed in these experiments, these communities were, however, significantly different to those in the surrounding seawater. By DNA-SIP, we identified Arcobacteraceae, Brevundimonas, Comamonas, uncultured Comamonadaceae, Delftia, Sphingomonas and Staphylococcus, as well as the first member of the genera Acidiphilum and Pelomonas to degrade phenanthrene, and of the genera Aquabacterium, Paracoccus and Polymorphobacter to degrade a hydrocarbon. This work provides new information that feeds into our growing understanding on the fate of co-pollutants associated with nano- and microplastics in the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Summers
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering (IMPEE), School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
- St John's Island National Marine Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 098634, Singapore
| | - Mohammad Sufian Bin-Hudari
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Clayton Magill
- Institute for GeoEnergy Engineering, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, The Lyell Centre, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Theodore Henry
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society (EGIS), Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
- Department of Forestry Wildlife and Fisheries, Centre for Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 36849, USA
| | - Tony Gutierrez
- Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering (IMPEE), School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
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Chen H, Dai J, Yu P, Wang X, Wang J, Li Y, Wang S, Li S, Qiu D. Parathalassolituus penaei gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Oceanospirillaceae isolated from a coastal shrimp pond in Guangxi, PR China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37185048 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium with bipolar flagella, designated G-43T, was isolated from a surface seawater sample collected from an aquaculture in Guangxi, PR China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain G-43T was most closely related to the family Oceanospirillaceae and distantly to the most closely related genera Venatorbacter and Thalassolituus (95.52 % and 94.45-94.76 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively), while similarity values to other Oceanospirillaceae type strains were lower than 94.0 %. Strain G-43T was found to grow at 4-30 °C (optimum, 25-28 °C), pH 6-9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and with 0-4.0 % NaCl (w/v; optimum at 2 % NaCl). Chemotaxonomic analysis of strain G-43T indicated that the sole respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8, the predominant cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c) and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c and/or C18 : 1 ω6c), and the major polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, aminolipid, diphosphatidylglycerol, phospholipids and an unidentified lipid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 55.4 mol%. The phylogenetic, genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data demonstrate that strain G-43T represents a novel species in a novel genus within the family Oceanospirillaceae, for which the name Parathalassolituus penaei gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. Strain G-43T (=KCTC 72750T= CCTCC AB 2022321T) is the type and only strain of Parathalassolituus penaei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
- Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, 448000, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jingcheng Dai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, PR China
| | - Ping Yu
- Sinochem Zhuhai Petrochemical Terminal Co. Ltd., Zhuhai, 519050, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
- China University of Geosciences (CUG), Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Shanhui Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shuyang Li
- Wuhan Ammunition Life-tech Co. Ltd., Wuhan, 430000, PR China
| | - Dongru Qiu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
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Protective Efficacy of a Pseudoalteromonas Strain in European Abalone, Haliotis tuberculata, Infected with Vibrio harveyi ORM4. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 11:239-247. [PMID: 29411243 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-018-9389-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The hemolymph of healthy marine invertebrates is known to harbor antibiotic-producing bacteria belonging to the genus Pseudoalteromonas. Such strains are potential probiotics to control infectious diseases in aquaculture. In the present study, we screened a collection of Pseudoalteromonas strains isolated from the hemolymph of oyster and mussel for antimicrobial activity against Vibrio harveyi, a pathogenic species responsible for high mortality in abalone. Subsequently, the protective efficacy of the most active strain named hCg-6 was investigated in abalone culture faced with a Vibrio harveyi ORM4 infection. First, we have controlled the Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 safety for abalone health. To that end, animals were immersed for 4 h in Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 suspensions in seawater. The abalone viability was monitored and Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 was tracked by quantitative-PCR in abalone hemolymph. After immersion, no abalone death occurred while the strain hCg-6 was significantly detected in hemolymph. Therefore, the strain hCg-6 was considered safe for abalone and evaluated for its ability to protect abalone against V. harveyi (injection of 1 × 103Vibrio per animal). A 4-h long immersion of abalone in a seawater suspension of Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 (1 × 106 CFU mL-1) prior to infection with Vibrio harveyi significantly improved the abalone viability. Indeed, 15 days post infection, the hCg-6 treatment used increased the abalone survival rate from 16% in untreated animals to 40% in treated abalone. We hypothesized that Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 antibacterial activity increased the hemomicrobiota shielding effect. In conclusion, Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 is a promising anti-Vibrio strain for abalone culture.
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Sidhu C, Thakur S, Sharma G, Tanuku NRS, Pinnaka AK. Oceanospirillum sanctuarii sp. nov., isolated from a sediment sample. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:3428-3434. [PMID: 28829018 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel Gram-staining-negative, spiral-shaped, pale-yellow, non-sporulating, motile, aerobic bacterium, designated strain AK56T, was isolated from a sediment sample collected at the Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary, India. Colonies on marine agar were circular, pale yellow, shiny, translucent, 1-2 mm in diameter, convex and had an entire margin. The major fatty acids included C16 : 1, C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c and C18 : 1ω7c. Polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified aminolipids, one unidentified phospholipid and five unidentified lipids. DNA-DNA hybridization between strain AK56T and Oceanospirillum linum LMG 5214T and 'Oceanospirillum nioense ' NIO-S6 showed relatedness values of 39.91 and 23.62 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain AK56T was found to be 50.3 mol%. A sequence similarity search for the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that O. linum and O. nioense were the nearest phylogenetic neighbours, with a pair-wise sequence similarity of 98.9 and 98.2 %, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis also showed the formation of a cluster including strain AK56T with close relative O. linum and O. nioense. Based on the observed phenotypic, chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, strain AK56T is described in this study as a novel species in the genus Oceanospirillum, for which the name Oceanospirillum sanctuarii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Oceanospirillumsanctuarii is AK56T (=MTCC 12005T=JCM 19193T=KCTC 52973T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandni Sidhu
- MTCC-Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India
| | - Suresh Thakur
- MTCC-Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India
| | - Gunjan Sharma
- MTCC-Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India
| | - Naga Radha Srinivas Tanuku
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, 176, Lawsons Bay Colony, Visakhapatnam-530017, India
| | - Anil Kumar Pinnaka
- MTCC-Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India
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Diéguez AL, Jacobsen A, Magnesen T, Romalde JL. Sinobacterium norvegicum sp. nov., isolated from great scallop (Pecten maximus) broodstock and emended description of Sinobacterium caligoides. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2015; 108:983-91. [PMID: 26267335 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-015-0551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Six isolates were recovered from great scallop (Pecten maximus) broodstock in a hatchery in Bergen, Norway. The strains were thoroughly characterized by a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these strains are related to the genus Sinobacterium, showing sequence similarities between 96.97 and 97.63 % with the only species of the genus, Sinobacterium caligoides. Phenotypic characterization showed that the strains are typical marine halophiles, Gram negative, aerobic chemoorganotrophs, and allowed their differentiation from the closely related taxa. The G+C content of the novel strains was 52.2 ± 1 mol% and the predominant fatty acids were C16:0, C16:1 ω7c/C16:1 ω6c and C18:1 ω7c. The value for DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 3CM4(T) and the S. caligoides type strain LMG 25705(T) was 46 %. Hybridization values between strain 3CM4(T) and the other scallop isolates ranged from 82 to 93.6 %. Based on all data collected, the six scallop strains represent a novel species of the genus Sinobacterium, for which the name Sinobacterium norvegicum sp. nov., is proposed with strain 3CM4(T) (=CECT 8267(T); =CAIM 1884(T)) as type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Diéguez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain,
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7
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Su J, Zhou Y, Lai Q, Li X, Dong P, Yang X, Zhang B, Zhang J, Zheng X, Tian Y, Zheng T. Sinobacterium caligoides gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family
Oceanospirillaceae
isolated from the South China Sea, and emended description of
Amphritea japonica. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:2095-2100. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.030965-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A taxonomic study was carried out on strain SCSWE24T, isolated from a seawater sample collected from the South China Sea. Cells of strain SCSWE24T were Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, moderately halophilic and capable of reducing nitrate to nitrite. Growth was observed at salinities from 1.5 to 4.5 % and at 4–37 °C; it was unable to degrade gelatin. The dominant fatty acids (>15 %) were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c; 50.4 %) and C16 : 0 (21.1 %). The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 58.8 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that strain SCSWE24T was most closely related to an uncultured bacterium clone Tun3b.F5 (98 %; GenBank accession no. FJ169216), and showed 92 % similarity to an endosymbiont bacterium from the bone-eating worm Osedax mucofloris (clone Omu 9 c4791; FN773233). Levels of similarity between strain SCSWE24T and type strains of recognized species in the family
Oceanospirillaceae
were less than 93 %; the highest similarity was 92 %, to both
Amphritea japonica
JAMM 1866T and ‘Oceanicoccus sagamiensis’ PZ-5. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SCSWE24T formed a distinct evolutionary lineage within the family
Oceanospirillaceae
. Strain SCSWE24T was distinguishable from members of phylogenetically related genera by differences in several phenotypic properties. On the basis of the phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain SCSWE24T represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Sinobacterium caligoides gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Sinobacterium caligoides is SCSWE24T ( = CCTCC AB 209289T = LMG 25705T = MCCC 1F01088T). An emended description of
Amphritea japonica
is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Su
- The Institute of Urban Environment (IUE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361005, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the MOE for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the MOE for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Qiliang Lai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Xinyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the MOE for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Peiyan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the MOE for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Xiaoru Yang
- The Institute of Urban Environment (IUE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361005, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the MOE for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Bangzhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the MOE for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the MOE for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the MOE for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Yun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the MOE for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Tianling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the MOE for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
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Litoribacillus peritrichatus gen. nov. sp. nov., isolated from coastal sediment of an amphioxus breeding zone in Qingdao, China. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2012; 103:357-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-012-9815-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Enomoto M, Nakagawa S, Sawabe T. Microbial communities associated with holothurians: presence of unique bacteria in the coelomic fluid. Microbes Environ 2012; 27:300-5. [PMID: 22446312 PMCID: PMC4036045 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine invertebrates interact with various microorganisms ranging from pathogens to symbionts. One-to-one symbiosis between a single microbial species and a single host animal has served as a model for the study of host-microbe interactions. In addition, increasing attention has recently been focused on the complex symbiotic associations, e.g., associations between sponges and their symbionts, due to their biotechnological potential; however, relatively little is known about the microbial diversity associated with members of the phylum Echinodermata. Here, for the first time, we investigated microbial communities associated with a commercially important holothurian species, Apostichopus japonicus, using culture-dependent and -independent methods. Diverse and abundant heterotrophs, mostly Gammaproteobacteria members, were cultured semi-quantitatively. Using the cloning and sequencing technique, different microbial communities were found in different holothurian tissues. In the holothurian coelomic fluid, potentially metabolically active and phylogenetically unique members of Epsilonproteobacteria and Rickettsiales were discovered. This study suggests that coelomic fluids of marine invertebrates, at least those inhabiting intertidal areas where physical and chemical conditions fluctuate, provide microbes with unique and stable habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Enomoto
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate 041-8611, Japan
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Oleispira lenta sp. nov., a novel marine bacterium isolated from Yellow sea coastal seawater in Qingdao, China. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2012; 101:787-94. [PMID: 22228140 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-011-9693-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The taxonomic position of strain DFH11(T), which was isolated from coastal seawater off Qingdao, People's Republic of China in 2007, was determined. Strain DFH11(T) comprised Gram-negative, motile, strictly aerobic spirilli that did not produce catalase. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain DFH11(T) shared ~97.2, 93.3, 91.8, 91.7 and 91.5% sequence similarities with Oleispira antarctica, Spongiispira norvegica, Bermanella marisrubri, Oceaniserpentilla haliotis and Reinekea aestuarii, respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments indicated that the strain was distinct from its closest phylogenetic neighbour, O. antarctica. The strain grew optimally in 2-3% (w/v) NaCl, at pH 5.0-10.0 (optimally at pH 7.0) and between 0 and 30°C (optimum growth temperature 28°C). The strain exhibited a restricted substrate profile, with a preference for aliphatic hydrocarbons, that is consistent with its closest phylogenetic neighbour O. antarctica. Growth of the isolate at different temperatures affected the cellular fatty acid profile. 28°C cultured cells contained C(16:1)ω7c and/or iso-C(15:0) 2-OH (50.4%) and C(16:0) (19.2%) as the major fatty acids. However, the major fatty acids of the cells cultured at 4°C were C(16:1)ω7c and/or C(16:1)ω6c (40.2%), C(16:0) (17.2%) and C(17:1)ω8c (10.1%). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 42.7 mol%. Phylogeny based on 16S rRNA gene sequences together with data from DNA-DNA hybridization, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characterization revealed that DFH11(T) should be classified as a novel species of the genus Oleispira, for which the name Oleispira lenta sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain DFH11(T) (=NCIMB 14529(T) = LMG 24829(T)).
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Hazen TC, Dubinsky EA, DeSantis TZ, Andersen GL, Piceno YM, Singh N, Jansson JK, Probst A, Borglin SE, Fortney JL, Stringfellow WT, Bill M, Conrad ME, Tom LM, Chavarria KL, Alusi TR, Lamendella R, Joyner DC, Spier C, Baelum J, Auer M, Zemla ML, Chakraborty R, Sonnenthal EL, D'haeseleer P, Holman HYN, Osman S, Lu Z, Van Nostrand JD, Deng Y, Zhou J, Mason OU. Deep-sea oil plume enriches indigenous oil-degrading bacteria. Science 2010; 330:204-8. [PMID: 20736401 DOI: 10.1126/science.1195979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 692] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The biological effects and expected fate of the vast amount of oil in the Gulf of Mexico from the Deepwater Horizon blowout are unknown owing to the depth and magnitude of this event. Here, we report that the dispersed hydrocarbon plume stimulated deep-sea indigenous γ-Proteobacteria that are closely related to known petroleum degraders. Hydrocarbon-degrading genes coincided with the concentration of various oil contaminants. Changes in hydrocarbon composition with distance from the source and incubation experiments with environmental isolates demonstrated faster-than-expected hydrocarbon biodegradation rates at 5°C. Based on these results, the potential exists for intrinsic bioremediation of the oil plume in the deep-water column without substantial oxygen drawdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry C Hazen
- MS 70A-3317, One Cyclotron Road, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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