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Wake K, Kikuchi J, Uchida M, Nemoto M, Kaji Y, Yokoyama T, Suzuki H, Fukushima A, Yamamoto A, Iwaki M, Ono K. Transmission of toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans infection with airway obstruction from cats to a human. Acute Med Surg 2021; 8:e705. [PMID: 34804555 PMCID: PMC8588950 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Infections caused by Corynebacterium ulcerans, a zoonotic pathogen, have been reported worldwide. This microorganism is known to produce the diphtheria toxin and cause diphtheria‐like illness. Case presentation A 63‐year‐old woman with a history of diabetes and hypertension developed cold and flu‐like symptoms, which gradually progressed into respiratory distress. Therefore, the patient was intubated for dyspnea with pseudomembrane formation. A toxin‐producing strain of C. ulcerans was identified, also detected in the patient’s domestic cats. Multilocus sequence typing confirmed all strains, including the patient’s isolate, as ST337. Conclusion Multilocus sequence typing revealed zoonotic transmission of C. ulcerans from domestic cats to a human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Wake
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Dokkyo Medical University Mibu Japan
| | - Jin Kikuchi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Dokkyo Medical University Mibu Japan
| | - Masatoshi Uchida
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Dokkyo Medical University Mibu Japan
| | - Masato Nemoto
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Dokkyo Medical University Mibu Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kaji
- Department of Emergency Northern Okinawa Medical Center Nago Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yokoyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Akita Kousei Medical Center Akita Japan
| | | | | | - Akihiko Yamamoto
- Management Department of Biosafety and Experimental Animals National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo Japan
| | - Masaaki Iwaki
- Management Department of Biosafety and Experimental Animals National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Ono
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Dokkyo Medical University Mibu Japan
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Sunarno, Khariri, Muna F, Sariadji K, Rukminiati Y, Febriyana D, Febrianti T, Saraswati RD, Susanti I, Puspandari N, Karuniawati A, Malik A, Soebandrio A. New approach for the identification of potentially toxigenic Corynebacterium sp. using a multiplex PCR assay. J Microbiol Methods 2021; 184:106198. [PMID: 33713727 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2021.106198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In diphtheria laboratory examinations, the PCR test can be applied to isolates and clinical specimens. This study aimed to develop a PCR assay to identify the species and toxigenicity of diphtheria-causing bacteria, including the prediction of some NTTB types. Seven reference isolates, four synthetic DNA samples, 36 stored isolates, and 487 clinical samples used for PCR optimization. The PCR results was confirmed by DNA sequence analysis. The results of the PCR examination of the 7 reference isolates and 36 stored isolates were similar to the results obtained using conventional methods as gold standard, both for diphtheria-causing and non-diphtheria-causing bacteria. The validation of the PCR results using DNA sequence analysis showed that there was no mispriming or misamplification. The multiplex PCR assay developed in this study could correctly identify the species and toxigenicity of diphtheria-causing bacteria, including the prediction of some NTTB types not yet covered by established PCR methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunarno
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Khariri
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Fauzul Muna
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kambang Sariadji
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yuni Rukminiati
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Febriyana
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tati Febrianti
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ratih Dian Saraswati
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ida Susanti
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nelly Puspandari
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Amarila Malik
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Amin Soebandrio
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Sekizuka T, Katsukawa C, Kuroda M, Shibayama K, Otsuji K, Saito M, Yamamoto A, Iwaki M. Limitations of Ribotyping as Genotyping Method for Corynebacterium ulcerans. Emerg Infect Dis 2020; 26:2457-2459. [PMID: 32946740 PMCID: PMC7510715 DOI: 10.3201/eid2610.200086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted molecular typing of a Corynebacterium ulcerans isolate from a woman who died in Japan in 2016. Genomic DNA modification might have affected the isolate's ribotyping profile. Multilocus sequence typing results (sequence type 337) were more accurate. Whole-genome sequencing had greater ability to discriminate lineages at high resolution.
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Otsuji K, Fukuda K, Endo T, Shimizu S, Harayama N, Ogawa M, Yamamoto A, Umeda K, Umata T, Seki H, Iwaki M, Kamochi M, Saito M. The first fatal case of Corynebacterium ulcerans infection in Japan. JMM Case Rep 2017; 4:e005106. [PMID: 29026633 PMCID: PMC5610708 DOI: 10.1099/jmmcr.0.005106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction.Corynebacterium ulcerans (C. ulcerans) is a zoonotic pathogen that occasionally causes diphtheria-like symptoms in humans. Cases of C. ulcerans infection have been increasing in recent years, and C. ulcerans has been recognized as an emerging pathogen. Case presentation. Here we report a case of asphyxia death due to pseudomembrane caused by diphtheria toxin (DT)-producing C. ulcerans. This is, to our knowledge, the first fatal case of C. ulcerans infection in Japan. A strain of C. ulcerans was obtained from the patient's pet cat and was confirmed to be identical to the patient's isolate by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and the DT gene, by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and by ribotyping. In the same way, it was revealed that the isolate in this case belonged to the same molecular type as the C. ulcerans 0102 isolated from the first case in Japan in a distant prefecture 15 years earlier, in 2001. Conclusion. DT-producing C. ulcerans can be contracted from a companion animal and causes human death if the appropriate treatment is delayed. The finding indicates that this molecular type of virulent C. ulcerans is currently widespread in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Otsuji
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Fukuda
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Takeru Endo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Satoko Shimizu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Nobuya Harayama
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Midori Ogawa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yamamoto
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Umeda
- Department of Microbiology, Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Umata
- Radioisotope Research Center, Facility for Education and Research Support, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Seki
- Department of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iwaki
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kamochi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Saito
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Katsukawa C, Komiya T, Umeda K, Goto M, Yanai T, Takahashi M, Yamamoto A, Iwaki M. Toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans isolated from a hunting dog and its diphtheria toxin antibody titer. Microbiol Immunol 2017; 60:177-86. [PMID: 26853714 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans is a zoonotic pathogen that produces diphtheria toxin and causes a diphtheria-like illness in humans. The organism is known to infect and circulate among dogs, which can then transmit it to humans. Furthermore, previous studies have found that C. ulcerans is carried by wild animals, including game animals. In the present study, we tested hunting and companion dogs for the presence of toxigenic C. ulcerans and succeeded in isolating the bacterium from a hunting dog. Moreover, several hunting dogs had serum diphtheria antitoxin titers that were higher than the titers required for protection in humans, suggesting a history of exposure to toxigenic Corynebacterium strains. Notably, ribotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and tox gene sequencing demonstrated that the isolate from the hunting dog clustered with previously characterized C. ulcerans strains isolated from wild animals, as opposed to groups of isolates from humans and companion dogs. Interestingly, the wild animal cluster also contains an isolate from an outdoor breeding dog, which could have formed a bridge between isolates from wild animals and those from companion dogs. The results presented herein provide insight into the mechanism by which the zoonotic pathogen C. ulcerans circulates among wild animals, hunting and companion dogs, and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Katsukawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 1-3-69 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka, 537-0025
| | - Takako Komiya
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 208-0011
| | - Kaoru Umeda
- Department of Microbiology, Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, 8-34 Tojo-cho, Tennoji-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka, 543-0026
| | - Minami Goto
- Department of Pathogenetic Veterinary Sciences, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Tokuma Yanai
- Department of Pathogenetic Veterinary Sciences, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Motohide Takahashi
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 208-0011
| | - Akihiko Yamamoto
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 208-0011
| | - Masaaki Iwaki
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 208-0011
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Meinel DM, Konrad R, Berger A, König C, Schmidt-Wieland T, Hogardt M, Bischoff H, Ackermann N, Hörmansdorfer S, Krebs S, Blum H, Margos G, Sing A. Zoonotic transmission of toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans strain, Germany, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis 2015; 21:356-8. [PMID: 25625779 PMCID: PMC4313654 DOI: 10.3201/eid2102.141160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe necrotizing fasciitis was diagnosed in a 53-year-old man in Germany in 2012. Toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans was grown from a wound swab sample. One of the patient´s 2 dogs was found to harbor a toxigenic C. ulcerans strain. Results of next generation sequencing of both isolates supported recent zoonotic transmission of this bacterial pathogen.
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Murakami K, Hata E, Hatama S, Wada Y, Ito M, Ishikawa Y, Kadota K. Eosinophilic granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli material caused by toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans in a heifer. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 76:931-5. [PMID: 24632861 PMCID: PMC4108783 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.13-0582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Raised lesions were present on
the left nasal vestibule of a 20-month-old Japanese Brown heifer. The largest mass which
caused partial nasal obstruction was removed surgically. Corynebacterium
ulcerans was identified in the mass. 16S ribosomal RNA and RNA polymerase beta
subunit genes were 100% and 98% identical to other C. ulcerans strains.
Histologically, multiple foci of eosinophilic granuloma with Splendore-Hoeppli material
were seen. Rod-shaped Gram-positive organisms were detected with metachromatic granules,
producing diphtheria toxin with 5, 30 and 48 amino acid differences to another C.
ulcerans strain, C. diphtheriae or C.
pseudotuberculosis, respectively. The toxin is highly cytotoxic and may be
responsible for the formation of abundant Splendore-Hoeppli material. The lesion was
therefore judged to be an allergic reaction to bacterial antigens or diphtheria toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Murakami
- Naka-Sorachi Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, 1-5-14 Omachi, Takikawa 073-0022, Japan
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Simpson-Louredo L, Ramos JN, Peixoto RS, Santos LS, Antunes CA, Ladeira EM, Santos CS, Vieira VV, Bôas MHSV, Hirata R, Mattos-Guaraldi AL. Corynebacterium ulcerans isolates from humans and dogs: fibrinogen, fibronectin and collagen-binding, antimicrobial and PFGE profiles. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2013; 105:343-52. [PMID: 24281735 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-013-0080-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Corynebacterium ulcerans has been increasingly isolated as an emerging zoonotic agent of diphtheria and other infections from companion animals. Since pets are able to act as symptomless carriers, it is also essential to identify virulence potential for humans of these isolates. In this work the ability of C. ulcerans to bind to fibrinogen (Fbg), fibronectin (Fn) and Type I collagen as well the genetic relationship among strains isolated from human and asymptomatic dogs in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) were analyzed. Five pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles were demonstrated (I, II, III, IV and V). In addition, the IV and V profiles exhibiting ≥85 % similarity were expressed by the BR-AD41 and BR-AD61 strains from companion dogs living in the same neighborhood. Independent of the PFGE-types, human and dog isolates showed affinity to Fbg, Fn and collagen. Heterogeneity of PFGE profiles indicated endemicity of C. ulcerans in the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area. Differences in the expression of adhesins to the human extracellular matrix may contribute to variations in the virulence and zoonotic potential of C. ulcerans strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Simpson-Louredo
- Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corynebacteria of Clinical Relevance-LDCIC, Collaborating Center for Diphtheria of CGLAB/SVS/MS, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro-UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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A case report and epidemiological investigation of axillary lymph node abscess caused byCorynebacterium ulceransin an HIV-1-positive patient. Epidemiol Infect 2013; 142:1541-4. [DOI: 10.1017/s0950268813002240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYA human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)-positive male undergoing antiretroviral therapy was diagnosed with an axillary lymph node abscess caused byCorynebacterium ulcerans, and an environmental survey revealed that the patient's cat as the source of infection.
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Torres LDFC, Ribeiro D, Hirata R, Pacheco LGC, Souza MC, dos Santos LS, dos Santos CS, Salah M, da Costa MM, Ribeiro MG, Selim SA, Azevedo VADC, Mattos-Guaraldi AL. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction to identify and determine the toxigenicity of Corynebacterium spp with zoonotic potential and an overview of human and animal infections. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2013; 108:S0074-02762013000300272. [PMID: 23778659 PMCID: PMC4005569 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762013000300003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis constitute a group of potentially toxigenic microorganisms that are related to different infectious processes in animal and human hosts. Currently, there is a lack of information on the prevalence of disease caused by these pathogens, which is partially due to a reduction in the frequency of routine laboratory testing. In this study, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) assay that can simultaneously identify and determine the toxigenicity of these corynebacterial species with zoonotic potential was developed. This assay uses five primer pairs targeting the following genes: rpoB (Corynebacterium spp), 16S rRNA (C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis), pld (C. pseudotuberculosis), dtxR (C. diphtheriae) and tox [diphtheria toxin (DT) ]. In addition to describing this assay, we review the literature regarding the diseases caused by these pathogens. Of the 213 coryneform strains tested, the mPCR results for all toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains of C . diphtheriae, C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis were in 100% agreement with the results of standard biochemical tests and PCR-DT. As an alternative to conventional methods, due to its advantages of specificity and speed, the mPCR assay used in this study may successfully be applied for the diagnosis of human and/or animal diseases caused by potentially toxigenic corynebacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciene de Fátima Costa Torres
- Laboratório de Difteria e Corinebactérias de Importância Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Dayana Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Raphael Hirata
- Laboratório de Difteria e Corinebactérias de Importância Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Monica Cristina Souza
- Laboratório de Difteria e Corinebactérias de Importância Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Louisy Sanches dos Santos
- Laboratório de Difteria e Corinebactérias de Importância Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Cíntia Silva dos Santos
- Laboratório de Difteria e Corinebactérias de Importância Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Mohammad Salah
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade do Cairo, Giza, Egito
| | | | - Marcio Garcia Ribeiro
- Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Salah A Selim
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade do Cairo, Giza, Egito
| | | | - Ana Luiza Mattos-Guaraldi
- Laboratório de Difteria e Corinebactérias de Importância Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Urakawa T, Seto J, Yamamoto A, Nakajima T, Goto S. Subcutaneous abscess formation in the upper extremity caused by toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans. J Med Microbiol 2013; 62:489-493. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.051458-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Urakawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tsuruoka Municipal Shonai Hospital, 4-20 Izumi-machi, Tsuruoka-shi, Yamagata 997-8515, Japan
| | - Junji Seto
- Department of Microbiology, Yamagata Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 1-6-6 Toka-machi, Yamagata 990-0031, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yamamoto
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nakajima
- Central Inspection Department, Tsuruoka Municipal Shonai Hospital, 4-20 Izumi-machi, Tsuruoka-shi, Yamagata 997-8515, Japan
| | - Shinichi Goto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tsuruoka Municipal Shonai Hospital, 4-20 Izumi-machi, Tsuruoka-shi, Yamagata 997-8515, Japan
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12
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Dias AADSDO, Santos LS, Sabbadini PS, Santos CS, Silva Junior FC, Napoleão F, Nagao PE, Villas-Bôas MHS, Hirata Junior R, Guaraldi ALM. Corynebacterium ulcerans diphtheria: an emerging zoonosis in Brazil and worldwide. Rev Saude Publica 2012; 45:1176-91. [PMID: 22124745 DOI: 10.1590/s0034-89102011000600021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The article is a literature review on the emergence of human infections caused by Corynebacterium ulcerans in many countries including Brazil. Articles in Medline/PubMed and SciELO databases published between 1926 and 2011 were reviewed, as well as articles and reports of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. It is presented a fast, cost-effective and easy to perform screening test for the presumptive diagnosis of C. ulcerans and C. diphtheriae infections in most Brazilian public and private laboratories. C. ulcerans spread in many countries and recent isolation of this pathogen in Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil, is a warning to clinicians, veterinarians, and microbiologists on the occurrence of zoonotic diphtheria and C. ulcerans dissemination in urban and rural areas of Brazil and/or Latin America.
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13
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Sekizuka T, Yamamoto A, Komiya T, Kenri T, Takeuchi F, Shibayama K, Takahashi M, Kuroda M, Iwaki M. Corynebacterium ulcerans 0102 carries the gene encoding diphtheria toxin on a prophage different from the C. diphtheriae NCTC 13129 prophage. BMC Microbiol 2012; 12:72. [PMID: 22583953 PMCID: PMC3406963 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-12-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Corynebacterium ulcerans can cause a diphtheria-like illness, especially when the bacterium is lysogenized with a tox gene-carrying bacteriophage that produces diphtheria toxin. Acquisition of toxigenicity upon phage lysogenization is a common feature of C. ulcerans and C. diphtheriae. However, because of a lack of C. ulcerans genome information, a detailed comparison of prophages has not been possible between these two clinically important and closely related bacterial species. Results We determined the whole genome sequence of the toxigenic C. ulcerans 0102 isolated in Japan. The genomic sequence showed a striking similarity with that of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and, to a lesser extent, with that of C. diphtheriae. The 0102 genome contained three distinct prophages. One of these, ΦCULC0102-I, was a tox-positive prophage containing genes in the same structural order as for tox-positive C. diphtheriae prophages. However, the primary structures of the individual genes involved in the phage machinery showed little homology between the two counterparts. Conclusion Taken together, these results suggest that the tox-positive prophage in this strain of C. ulcerans has a distinct origin from that of C. diphtheriae NCTC 13129.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Sekizuka
- Laboratory of Bacterial Genomics, Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
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14
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Katsukawa C, Komiya T, Yamagishi H, Ishii A, Nishino S, Nagahama S, Iwaki M, Yamamoto A, Takahashi M. Prevalence of Corynebacterium ulcerans in dogs in Osaka, Japan. J Med Microbiol 2011; 61:266-273. [PMID: 21921111 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.034868-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diphtheria-like human illness caused by Corynebacterium ulcerans is an emerging threat in developed countries, with incidence sometimes higher than that of diphtheria caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Companion animals are considered a potential source of human infections. In order to determine the prevalence of C. ulcerans among dogs, we performed a screening for the bacterium in 583 dogs in the custody of the Osaka Prefectural government. Forty-four dogs (7.5 %) were positive for the bacterium, although they did not show any clinical symptoms. All bacterial isolates showed resistance or decreased sensitivity to clindamycin, and some showed decreased sensitivity to levofloxacin. Comparative analysis of isolates using PFGE, toxin gene typing and antibiotic sensitivities suggests that transmission between asymptomatic dogs might have occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Katsukawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takako Komiya
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Ishii
- Osaka Prefectural Dog Management Office, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Shinya Nagahama
- Animal Protection and Livestock Division, Department of Environment, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Osaka Prefectural Government, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iwaki
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yamamoto
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motohide Takahashi
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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