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Domingues CS, Hardoim DJ, Souza CSF, Cardoso FO, Mendes VG, Previtalli-Silva H, Abreu-Silva AL, Pelajo-Machado M, Gonçalves da Costa SC, Calabrese KS. Oral Outbreak of Chagas Disease in Santa Catarina, Brazil: Experimental Evaluation of a Patient's Strain. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122566. [PMID: 26469517 PMCID: PMC4607495 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is a worldwide public health problem. Although the vectorial transmission of Chagas disease has been controlled in Brazil there are other ways of transmission, such as the ingestion of T. cruzi contaminated food, which ensures the continuation of this zoonosis. Here, we demonstrate the influence of the inoculation route on the establishment and development of the SC2005 T. cruzi strain infection in mice. Groups of Swiss mice were infected intragastrically (IG) or intraperitoneally (IP) with the T. cruzi SC2005 strain derived from an outbreak of oral Chagas disease. The results revealed that 100% of IP infected mice showed parasitemia, while just 36% of IG infected showed the presence of the parasite in blood. The parasitemia peaks were later and less intense in the IG infected mice. Mortality of the IP infected animals was more intense and earlier when compared to the IG infected mice. In the IP infected mice leucopenia occurred in the early infection followed by leucocytosis, correlating positively with the increase of the parasites. However, in the IG infected mice only an increase in monocytes was observed, which was positively correlated with the increase of the parasites. Histopathological analyses revealed a myotropic pattern of the SC2005 strain with the presence of inflammatory infiltrates and parasites in different organs of the animals infected by both routes as well as fibrosis foci and collagen redistribution. The flow cytometric analysis demonstrated a fluctuation of the T lymphocyte population in the blood, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of the infected animals. T. cruzi DNA associated with the presence of inflammatory infiltrates was detected by PCR in the esophagus, stomach and intestine of all infected mice. These findings are important for the understanding of the pathogenesis of T. cruzi infection by both inoculation routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina S. Domingues
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Daiana J. Hardoim
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Celeste S. F. Souza
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Flávia O. Cardoso
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Verônica G. Mendes
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde (CDTS)/Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Negligenciadas/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Henrique Previtalli-Silva
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Ana L. Abreu-Silva
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luiz, Maranhão, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Pelajo-Machado
- Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | - Kátia S. Calabrese
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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Duz ALC, Vieira PMDA, Roatt BM, Aguiar-Soares RDO, Cardoso JMDO, Oliveira FCBD, Reis LES, Tafuri WL, Veloso VM, Reis AB, Carneiro CM. The TcI and TcII Trypanosoma cruzi experimental infections induce distinct immune responses and cardiac fibrosis in dogs. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2015; 109:1005-13. [PMID: 25591108 PMCID: PMC4325618 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760140208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi infection may be caused by different strains with
distinct discrete typing units (DTUs) that can result in variable clinical forms of
chronic Chagas disease. The present study evaluates the immune response and cardiac
lesions in dogs experimentally infected with different T. cruzi
strains with distinct DTUs, namely, the Colombian (Col) and Y strains of TcI
and TcII DTU, respectively. During infection with the Col strain, increased levels of
alanine aminotransferase, erythrocytes, haematocrit and haemoglobin were observed. In
addition, CD8+ T-lymphocytes isolated from the peripheral blood produced
higher levels of interleukin (IL)-4. The latter suggests that during the acute phase,
infection with the Col strain may remain unnoticed by circulating mononuclear cells.
In the chronic phase, a significant increase in the number of inflammatory cells was
detected in the right atrium. Conversely, infection with the Y strain led to
leucopoenia, thrombopoenia, inversion of the ratio of CD4+/CD8+
T-lymphocytes and alterations in monocyte number. The Y strain stimulated the
production of interferon-γ by CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes and
IL-4 by CD8+ T-cells. In the chronic phase, significant heart inflammation
and fibrosis were observed, demonstrating that strains of different DTUs interact
differently with the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza Cassin Duz
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Paula Melo de Abreu Vieira
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Bruno Mendes Roatt
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Washington Luiz Tafuri
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Vanja Maria Veloso
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Barbosa Reis
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Cláudia Martins Carneiro
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
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Rodríguez-Morales O, Carrillo-Sánchez SC, García-Mendoza H, Aranda-Fraustro A, Ballinas-Verdugo MA, Alejandre-Aguilar R, Rosales-Encina JL, Vallejo M, Arce-Fonseca M. Effect of the plasmid-DNA vaccination on macroscopic and microscopic damage caused by the experimental chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection in the canine model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:826570. [PMID: 24163822 PMCID: PMC3791577 DOI: 10.1155/2013/826570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The dog is considered the main domestic reservoir for Trypanosoma cruzi infection and a suitable experimental animal model to study the pathological changes during the course of Chagas disease (CD). Vaccine development is one of CD prevention methods to protect people at risk. Two plasmids containing genes encoding a trans-sialidase protein (TcSP) and an amastigote-specific glycoprotein (TcSSP4) were used as DNA vaccines in a canine model. Splenomegaly was not found in either of the recombinant plasmid-immunized groups; however, cardiomegaly was absent in animals immunized only with the plasmid containing the TcSSP4 gene. The inflammation of subendocardial and myocardial tissues was prevented only with the immunization with TcSSP4 gene. In conclusion, the vaccination with these genes has a partial protective effect on the enlargement of splenic and cardiac tissues during the chronic CD and on microscopic hearth damage, since both plasmids prevented splenomegaly but only one avoided cardiomegaly, and the lesions in heart tissue of dog immunized with plasmid containing the TcSSP4 gene covered only subepicardial tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Rodríguez-Morales
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Silvia C. Carrillo-Sánchez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Humberto García-Mendoza
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Alberto Aranda-Fraustro
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Martha A. Ballinas-Verdugo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Alejandre-Aguilar
- Department of Parasitology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del I.P.N., Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, Col. Sto. Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo, 11340 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - José Luis Rosales-Encina
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Maite Vallejo
- Department of Sociomedical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Minerva Arce-Fonseca
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico
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