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Ramanan D, Chowdhary K, Candéias SM, Sassone-Corsi M, Gelineau A, Mathis D, Benoist C. Homeostatic, repertoire and transcriptional relationships between colon T regulatory cell subsets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2311566120. [PMID: 38064511 PMCID: PMC10723124 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311566120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the colon are key to promoting peaceful coexistence with symbiotic microbes. Differentiated in either thymic or peripheral locations, and modulated by microbes and other cellular influencers, colonic Treg subsets have been identified through key transcription factors (TFs; Helios, Rorγ, Gata3, and cMaf), but their interrelationships are unclear. Applying a multimodal array of immunologic, genomic, and microbiological assays, we find more overlap than expected between populations. The key TFs (Rorγ, Helios, Gata3, and cMaf) play different roles, some essential for subset identity, others driving functional gene signatures. Functional divergence was clearest under challenge. Single-cell genomics revealed a spectrum of phenotypes between the Helios+ and Rorγ+ poles, different Treg-inducing bacteria inducing the same Treg phenotypes to varying degrees, not distinct populations. TCR repertoires in monocolonized mice revealed that Helios+ and Rorγ+ Tregs are related and cannot be uniquely equated to tTreg and pTreg. Comparison of spleen and colon repertoires revealed that 2 to 5% of clonotypes are shared between the locations. We propose that rather than the origin of their differentiation, tissue-specific cues dictate the spectrum of colonic Treg phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Serge M. Candéias
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Metals, Grenoble38054, France
| | | | | | - Diane Mathis
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
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Ramanan D, Pratama A, Zhu Y, Venezia O, Sassone-Corsi M, Chowdhary K, Galván-Peña S, Sefik E, Brown C, Gélineau A, Mathis D, Benoist C. Regulatory T cells in the face of the intestinal microbiota. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:749-762. [PMID: 37316560 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00890-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are key players in ensuring a peaceful coexistence with microorganisms and food antigens at intestinal borders. Startling new information has appeared in recent years on their diversity, the importance of the transcription factor FOXP3, how T cell receptors influence their fate and the unexpected and varied cellular partners that influence Treg cell homeostatic setpoints. We also revisit some tenets, maintained by the echo chambers of Reviews, that rest on uncertain foundations or are a subject of debate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alvin Pratama
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yangyang Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia Venezia
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Esen Sefik
- Department of Immunology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chrysothemis Brown
- Immuno-Oncology, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Paediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Diane Mathis
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Burrows K, Mortha A. Re-investigating the origin and fates of colonic T reg cell subsets. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:544. [PMID: 37491448 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00922-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Burrows
- Preprint Club, University of Toronto, Department of Immunology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Arthur Mortha
- Preprint Club, University of Toronto, Department of Immunology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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