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Zhu DYD, Maurer DP, Castrillon C, Deng Y, Mohamed FAN, Ma M, Schmidt AG, Lingwood D, Carroll MC. Lupus-associated innate receptors drive extrafollicular evolution of autoreactive B cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.09.574739. [PMID: 38260501 PMCID: PMC10802414 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.09.574739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In systemic lupus erythematosus, recent findings highlight the extrafollicular (EF) pathway as prominent origin of autoantibody-secreting cells (ASCs). CD21loCD11c+ B cells, associated with aging, infection, and autoimmunity, are contributors to autoreactive EF ASCs but have an obscure developmental trajectory. To study EF kinetics of autoreactive B cell in tissue, we adoptively transferred WT and gene knockout B cell populations into the 564Igi mice - an autoreactive host enriched with autoantigens and T cell help. Time-stamped analyses revealed TLR7 dependence in early escape of peripheral B cell tolerance and establishment of a pre-ASC division program. We propose CD21lo cells as precursors to EF ASCs due to their elevated TLR7 sensitivity and proliferative nature. Blocking receptor function reversed CD21 loss and reduced effector cell generation, portraying CD21 as a differentiation initiator and a possible target for autoreactive B cell suppression. Repertoire analysis further delineated proto-autoreactive B cell selection and receptor evolution toward self-reactivity. This work elucidates receptor and clonal dynamics in EF development of autoreactive B cells, and establishes modular, native systems to probe mechanisms of autoreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Yi-Dan Zhu
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Graduate Program in Virology, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel P Maurer
- Harvard Graduate Program in Virology, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Carlos Castrillon
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA
| | - Yixiang Deng
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Minghe Ma
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aaron G Schmidt
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Daniel Lingwood
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Michael C Carroll
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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