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Martz J, Shelton MA, Geist L, Seney ML, Kentner AC. Sex differences in offspring risk and resilience following 11β-hydroxylase antagonism in a rodent model of maternal immune activation. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:1078-1090. [PMID: 38007547 PMCID: PMC11109257 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01771-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Maternal immune activation (MIA) puts offspring at greater risk for neurodevelopmental disorders associated with impaired social behavior. While it is known that immune signaling through maternal, placental, and fetal compartments contributes to these phenotypical changes, it is unknown to what extent the stress response to illness is involved and how it can be harnessed for potential interventions. To this end, on gestational day 15, pregnant rat dams were administered the bacterial mimetic lipopolysaccharide (LPS; to induce MIA) alongside metyrapone, a clinically available 11β-hydroxylase (11βHSD) inhibitor used to treat hypercortisolism in pregnant, lactating, and neonatal populations. Maternal, placental, and fetal brain levels of corticosterone and placental 11βHSD enzymes type 1 and 2 were measured 3-hrs post treatment. Offspring social behaviors were evaluated across critical phases of development. MIA was associated with increased maternal, placental, and fetal brain corticosterone concentrations that were diminished with metyrapone exposure. Metyrapone protected against reductions in placental 11βHSD2 in males only, suggesting that less corticosterone was inactivated in female placentas. Behaviorally, metyrapone-exposure attenuated MIA-induced social disruptions in juvenile, adolescent, and adult males, while females were unaffected or performed worse. Metyrapone-exposure reversed MIA-induced transcriptional changes in monoamine-, glutamate-, and GABA-related genes in adult male ventral hippocampus, but not in females. Taken together, these findings illustrate that MIA-induced HPA responses act alongside the immune system to produce behavioral deficits. As a clinically available drug, the sex-specific benefits and constraints of metyrapone should be investigated further as a potential means of reducing neurodevelopmental risks due to gestational MIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Martz
- School of Arts & Sciences, Health Psychology Program, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Micah A Shelton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Laurel Geist
- School of Arts & Sciences, Health Psychology Program, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Marianne L Seney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Amanda C Kentner
- School of Arts & Sciences, Health Psychology Program, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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2
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Sekerková G, Kilic S, Cheng YH, Fredrick N, Osmani A, Kim H, Opal P, Martina M. Phenotypical, genotypical and pathological characterization of the moonwalker mouse, a model of ataxia. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 195:106492. [PMID: 38575093 PMCID: PMC11089908 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
We performed a comprehensive study of the morphological, functional, and genetic features of moonwalker (MWK) mice, a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia caused by a gain of function of the TRPC3 channel. These mice show numerous behavioral symptoms including tremor, altered gait, circling behavior, impaired motor coordination, impaired motor learning and decreased limb strength. Cerebellar pathology is characterized by early and almost complete loss of unipolar brush cells as well as slowly progressive, moderate loss of Purkinje cell (PCs). Structural damage also includes loss of synaptic contacts from parallel fibers, swollen ER structures, and degenerating axons. Interestingly, no obvious correlation was observed between PC loss and severity of the symptoms, as the phenotype stabilizes around 2 months of age, while the cerebellar pathology is progressive. This is probably due to the fact that PC function is severely impaired much earlier than the appearance of PC loss. Indeed, PC firing is already impaired in 3 weeks old mice. An interesting feature of the MWK pathology that still remains to be explained consists in a strong lobule selectivity of the PC loss, which is puzzling considering that TRPC is expressed in every PC. Intriguingly, genetic analysis of MWK cerebella shows, among other alterations, changes in the expression of both apoptosis inducing and resistance factors possibly suggesting that damaged PCs initiate specific cellular pathways that protect them from overt cell loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Sekerková
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Sumeyra Kilic
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yen-Hsin Cheng
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Natalie Fredrick
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Anne Osmani
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Haram Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Puneet Opal
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Marco Martina
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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3
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Wales-McGrath B, Mercer H, Piontkivska H. Changes in ADAR RNA editing patterns in CMV and ZIKV congenital infections. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:685. [PMID: 37968596 PMCID: PMC10652522 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09778-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA editing is a process that increases transcriptome diversity, often through Adenosine Deaminases Acting on RNA (ADARs) that catalyze the deamination of adenosine to inosine. ADAR editing plays an important role in regulating brain function and immune activation, and is dynamically regulated during brain development. Additionally, the ADAR1 p150 isoform is induced by interferons in viral infection and plays a role in antiviral immune response. However, the question of how virus-induced ADAR expression affects host transcriptome editing remains largely unanswered. This question is particularly relevant in the context of congenital infections, given the dynamic regulation of ADAR editing during brain development, the importance of this editing for brain function, and subsequent neurological symptoms of such infections, including microcephaly, sensory issues, and other neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Here, we begin to address this question, examining ADAR expression in publicly available datasets of congenital infections of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) microarray expression data, as well as mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and mouse/ human induced pluripotent neuroprogenitor stem cell (hiNPC) Zika virus (ZIKV) RNA-seq data. RESULTS We found that in all three datasets, ADAR1 was overexpressed in infected samples compared to uninfected samples. In the RNA-seq datasets, editing rates were also analyzed. In all mouse infections cases, the number of editing sites was significantly increased in infected samples, albeit this was not the case for hiNPC ZIKV samples. Mouse ZIKV samples showed altered editing of well-established protein-recoding sites such as Gria3, Grik5, and Nova1, as well as editing sites that may impact miRNA binding. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence for changes in ADAR expression and subsequent dysregulation of ADAR editing of host transcriptomes in congenital infections. These changes in editing patterns of key neural genes have potential significance in the development of neurological symptoms, thus contributing to neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Further experiments should be performed to explore the full range of editing changes that occur in different congenital infections, and to confirm the specific functional consequences of these editing changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Wales-McGrath
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Cancer Pathobiology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Heather Mercer
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Mount Union, Alliance, OH, USA
| | - Helen Piontkivska
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
- Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
- Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
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4
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Liu B, Zhu X, Zhou Q, Su Y, Qian Y, Ma Z, Gu X, Xia T. Activating ryanodine receptor improves isoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction. Brain Res Bull 2023; 204:110790. [PMID: 37852420 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is characterized by impaired learning and memory. 6 h duration isoflurane anesthesia is an important factor to induce POCD, and the dysfunction of ryanodine receptor (RyR) in the hippocampus may be involved in this process. We investigated the expression of RyR3 in the hippocampus of mice after 6-h duration isoflurane anesthesia, as well as the improvement of RyR receptor agonist caffeine on POCD mice, while attempting to identify the underlying molecular mechanism. MATERIALS We constructed a POCD model using 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice that were exposed to 6-h duration isoflurane. Prior to the three-day cognitive behavioral experiment, RyR agonist caffeine were injected. Fear conditioning and location memory tests were used in behavioral studies. We also exposed the mouse neuroblastoma cell line Neuro-2a (N2A) to 6-h duration isoflurane exposure to simulate the conditions of in vivo cognitive dysfunction. We administered ryanodine receptor agonist (caffeine) and inhibitor (ryanodine) to N2a cells. Following that, we performed a series of bioinformatics analysis to discover proteins that are involved in the development of cognitive dysfunction. Rt-PCR and Western blot were used to assess mRNA level and protein expression. RESULTS 6-h duration isoflurane anesthesia induced cognitive dysfunction and increased RyR3 mRNA levels in hippocampus. The mRNA levels of RyR3 in cultured N2a cells after anesthesia were comparable to those in vivo, and the RyR agonist caffeine corrected the expression of some cognitive-related phenotypic proteins that were disturbed after anesthesia. Intraperitoneal injection of RyR agonist caffeine can improve cognitive function after isoflurane anesthesia in mice, and bioinformatics analyses suggest that CaMKⅣ may be involved in the molecular mechanism. CONCLUSION Ryanodine receptor agonist caffeine may improve cognitive dysfunction in mice after isoflurane anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binwen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xurui Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Qingyun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yan Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yue Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Xiaoping Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Tianjiao Xia
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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5
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Privitera F, Piccini F, Recalcati MP, Presi S, Mazzola S, Carrera P. APC-Related Phenotypes and Intellectual Disability in 5q Interstitial Deletions: A New Case and Review of the Literature. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1505. [PMID: 37510409 PMCID: PMC10379344 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The 5q deletion syndrome is a relatively rare condition caused by the monoallelic interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5. Patients described in literature usually present variable dysmorphic features, behavioral disturbance, and intellectual disability (ID); moreover, the involvement of the APC gene (5q22.2) in the deletion predisposes them to tumoral syndromes (Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and Gardner syndrome). Although the development of gastrointestinal tract malignancies has been extensively described, the genetic causes underlying neurologic manifestations have never been investigated. In this study, we described a new patient with a 19.85 Mb interstitial deletion identified by array-CGH and compared the deletions and the phenotypes reported in other patients already described in the literature and the Decipher database. Overlapping deletions allowed us to highlight a common region in 5q22.1q23.1, identifying KCNN2 (5q22.3) as the most likely candidate gene contributing to the neurologic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Privitera
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Flavia Piccini
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Recalcati
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Presi
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Mazzola
- Medical Genetics, ASST del Garda, Desenzano, 25015 Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Carrera
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Unit of Genomics for Diagnosis of Human Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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6
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Alawneh I, Amburgey K, Gonorazky H, Gorodetsky C. CAMK4-related Case of Hyperkinetic Movement Disorder. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2023; 10:707-709. [PMID: 37070062 PMCID: PMC10105089 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Issa Alawneh
- Division of NeurologyThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Kimberley Amburgey
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Hernan Gonorazky
- Division of NeurologyThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children. Program for Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Carolina Gorodetsky
- Division of NeurologyThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of pediatricsUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
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7
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Rahimi MJ, Urban N, Wegler M, Sticht H, Schaefer M, Popp B, Gaunitz F, Morleo M, Nigro V, Maitz S, Mancini GMS, Ruivenkamp C, Suk EK, Bartolomaeus T, Merkenschlager A, Koboldt D, Bartholomew D, Stegmann APA, Sinnema M, Duynisveld I, Salvarinova R, Race S, de Vries BBA, Trimouille A, Naudion S, Marom D, Hamiel U, Henig N, Demurger F, Rahner N, Bartels E, Hamm JA, Putnam AM, Person R, Abou Jamra R, Oppermann H. De novo variants in ATP2B1 lead to neurodevelopmental delay. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:944-952. [PMID: 35358416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a universal second messenger involved in synaptogenesis and cell survival; consequently, its regulation is important for neurons. ATPase plasma membrane Ca2+ transporting 1 (ATP2B1) belongs to the family of ATP-driven calmodulin-dependent Ca2+ pumps that participate in the regulation of intracellular free Ca2+. Here, we clinically describe a cohort of 12 unrelated individuals with variants in ATP2B1 and an overlapping phenotype of mild to moderate global development delay. Additional common symptoms include autism, seizures, and distal limb abnormalities. Nine probands harbor missense variants, seven of which were in specific functional domains, and three individuals have nonsense variants. 3D structural protein modeling suggested that the variants have a destabilizing effect on the protein. We performed Ca2+ imaging after introducing all nine missense variants in transfected HEK293 cells and showed that all variants lead to a significant decrease in Ca2+ export capacity compared with the wild-type construct, thus proving their pathogenicity. Furthermore, we observed for the same variant set an incorrect intracellular localization of ATP2B1. The genetic findings and the overlapping phenotype of the probands as well as the functional analyses imply that de novo variants in ATP2B1 lead to a monogenic form of neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meer Jacob Rahimi
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Nicole Urban
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig 04107, Germany
| | - Meret Wegler
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Michael Schaefer
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig 04107, Germany
| | - Bernt Popp
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Frank Gaunitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Manuela Morleo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy; Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy; Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Silvia Maitz
- Clinical Pediatric Genetic Unit, Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Grazia M S Mancini
- ErasmusMC University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Rotterdam 3015, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia Ruivenkamp
- Leiden University Medical Center, Clinical Genetics, Leiden 2333, the Netherlands
| | - Eun-Kyung Suk
- Praxis für Humangenetik-Friedrichstrasse, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Tobias Bartolomaeus
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig 04103, Germany; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Andreas Merkenschlager
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Daniel Koboldt
- Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Dennis Bartholomew
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Alexander P A Stegmann
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht 6229, the Netherlands
| | - Margje Sinnema
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht 6229, the Netherlands
| | - Irma Duynisveld
- Severinus Institute for Intellectual Disability, 5507 Veldhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Ramona Salvarinova
- Division of Biochemical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Simone Race
- Division of Biochemical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Bert B A de Vries
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands
| | - Aurélien Trimouille
- Service de Pathologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33000, France; MRGM, Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, INSERM U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33076, France
| | - Sophie Naudion
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33076, France
| | - Daphna Marom
- The Genetics Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Uri Hamiel
- The Genetics Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Noa Henig
- The Genetics Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | | | - Nils Rahner
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Bonn 53111, Germany
| | | | - J Austin Hamm
- Pediatric Genetics, East Tennessee Children's Hospital, Knoxville, TN 37916, USA
| | - Abbey M Putnam
- Pediatric Genetics, East Tennessee Children's Hospital, Knoxville, TN 37916, USA
| | - Richard Person
- Clinical Genomics Program, GeneDx, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Rami Abou Jamra
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Henry Oppermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig 04103, Germany.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The discovery of new disease-causing genes and availability of next-generation sequencing platforms have both progressed rapidly over the last few years. For the practicing neurologist, this presents an increasingly bewildering array both of potential diagnoses and of means to investigate them. We review the latest newly described genetic conditions associated with dystonia, and also address how the changing landscape of gene discovery and genetic testing can best be approached, from both a research and a clinical perspective. RECENT FINDINGS Several new genetic causes for disorders in which dystonia is a feature have been described in the last 2 years, including ZNF142, GSX2, IRF2BPL, DEGS1, PI4K2A, CAMK4, VPS13D and VAMP2. Dystonia has also been a newly described feature or alternative phenotype of several other genetic conditions, notably for genes classically associated with several forms of epilepsy. The DYT system for classifying genetic dystonias, however, last recognized a new gene discovery (KMT2B) in 2016. SUMMARY Gene discovery for dystonic disorders proceeds rapidly, but a high proportion of cases remain undiagnosed. The proliferation of rare disorders means that it is no longer realistic for clinicians to aim for diagnosis to the level of predicting genotype from phenotype in all cases, but rational and adaptive use of available genetic tests can certainly expedite diagnosis.
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9
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Dzinovic I, Škorvánek M, Pavelekova P, Zhao C, Keren B, Whalen S, Bakhtiari S, Chih Jin S, Kruer MC, Jech R, Winkelmann J, Zech M. Variant recurrence confirms the existence of a FBXO31-related spastic-dystonic cerebral palsy syndrome. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2021; 8:951-955. [PMID: 33675180 PMCID: PMC8045898 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of genetics in the causation of cerebral palsy has become the focus of many studies aiming to unravel the heterogeneous etiology behind this frequent neurodevelopmental disorder. A recent paper reported two unrelated children with a clinical diagnosis of cerebral palsy, who carried the same de novo c.1000G > A (p.Asp334Asn) variant in FBXO31, encoding a widely studied tumor suppressor not previously implicated in monogenic disease. We now identified a third individual with the recurrent FBXO31 de novo missense variant, featuring a spastic-dystonic phenotype. Our data confirm a link between variant FBXO31 and an autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by prominent motor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Dzinovic
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Matej Škorvánek
- Department of Neurology, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Pavelekova
- Department of Neurology, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Chen Zhao
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris Keren
- Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP.Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Whalen
- UF de Génétique Clinique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, APHP.Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Somayeh Bakhtiari
- Pediatric Movement Disorders Program, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.,Departments of Child Health, Neurology, and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Sheng Chih Jin
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael C Kruer
- Pediatric Movement Disorders Program, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.,Departments of Child Health, Neurology, and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Robert Jech
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Lehrstuhl für Neurogenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, SyNergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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10
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Brunet T, Jech R, Brugger M, Kovacs R, Alhaddad B, Leszinski G, Riedhammer KM, Westphal DS, Mahle I, Mayerhanser K, Skorvanek M, Weber S, Graf E, Berutti R, Necpál J, Havránková P, Pavelekova P, Hempel M, Kotzaeridou U, Hoffmann GF, Leiz S, Makowski C, Roser T, Schroeder SA, Steinfeld R, Strobl-Wildemann G, Hoefele J, Borggraefe I, Distelmaier F, Strom TM, Winkelmann J, Meitinger T, Zech M, Wagner M. De novo variants in neurodevelopmental disorders-experiences from a tertiary care center. Clin Genet 2021; 100:14-28. [PMID: 33619735 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Up to 40% of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as intellectual disability, developmental delay, autism spectrum disorder, and developmental motor abnormalities have a documented underlying monogenic defect, primarily due to de novo variants. Still, the overall burden of de novo variants as well as novel disease genes in NDDs await discovery. We performed parent-offspring trio exome sequencing in 231 individuals with NDDs. Phenotypes were compiled using human phenotype ontology terms. The overall diagnostic yield was 49.8% (n = 115/231) with de novo variants contributing to more than 80% (n = 93/115) of all solved cases. De novo variants affected 72 different-mostly constrained-genes. In addition, we identified putative pathogenic variants in 16 genes not linked to NDDs to date. Reanalysis performed in 80 initially unsolved cases revealed a definitive diagnosis in two additional cases. Our study consolidates the contribution and genetic heterogeneity of de novo variants in NDDs highlighting trio exome sequencing as effective diagnostic tool for NDDs. Besides, we illustrate the potential of a trio-approach for candidate gene discovery and the power of systematic reanalysis of unsolved cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Brunet
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Jech
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Melanie Brugger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Reka Kovacs
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bader Alhaddad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gloria Leszinski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Korbinian M Riedhammer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik S Westphal
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Medical Department I, Cardiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabella Mahle
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Mayerhanser
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matej Skorvanek
- Department of Neurology, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Sandrina Weber
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Kassel, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Graf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Riccardo Berutti
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ján Necpál
- Department of Neurology, Zvolen Hospital, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Petra Havránková
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Pavelekova
- Department of Neurology, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Maja Hempel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Urania Kotzaeridou
- Division of Child Neurology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg F Hoffmann
- Division of Child Neurology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Leiz
- Divison of Neuropediatrics, Clinic for Children and Adolescents Dritter Orden, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Makowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Timo Roser
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian A Schroeder
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Steinfeld
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Julia Hoefele
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Borggraefe
- Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Distelmaier
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tim M Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.,Neurogenetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matias Wagner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
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11
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Zech M, Bardakjian TM, Stoklosa M, Ploski R, Jech R, Gonzalez-Alegre P, Winkelmann J. A Neurodevelopmental Disorder With Dystonia and Chorea Resulting From Clustering CAMK4 Variants. Mov Disord 2020; 36:520-521. [PMID: 33211350 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanya M Bardakjian
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Rafal Ploski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Jech
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pedro Gonzalez-Alegre
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Lehrstuhl für Neurogenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, SyNergy, Munich, Germany
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12
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Zhao M, Havrilla JM, Fang L, Chen Y, Peng J, Liu C, Wu C, Sarmady M, Botas P, Isla J, Lyon GJ, Weng C, Wang K. Phen2Gene: rapid phenotype-driven gene prioritization for rare diseases. NAR Genom Bioinform 2020; 2:lqaa032. [PMID: 32500119 PMCID: PMC7252576 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqaa032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) terms are increasingly used in diagnostic settings to aid in the characterization of patient phenotypes. The HPO annotation database is updated frequently and can provide detailed phenotype knowledge on various human diseases, and many HPO terms are now mapped to candidate causal genes with binary relationships. To further improve the genetic diagnosis of rare diseases, we incorporated these HPO annotations, gene-disease databases and gene-gene databases in a probabilistic model to build a novel HPO-driven gene prioritization tool, Phen2Gene. Phen2Gene accesses a database built upon this information called the HPO2Gene Knowledgebase (H2GKB), which provides weighted and ranked gene lists for every HPO term. Phen2Gene is then able to access the H2GKB for patient-specific lists of HPO terms or PhenoPacket descriptions supported by GA4GH (http://phenopackets.org/), calculate a prioritized gene list based on a probabilistic model and output gene-disease relationships with great accuracy. Phen2Gene outperforms existing gene prioritization tools in speed and acts as a real-time phenotype-driven gene prioritization tool to aid the clinical diagnosis of rare undiagnosed diseases. In addition to a command line tool released under the MIT license (https://github.com/WGLab/Phen2Gene), we also developed a web server and web service (https://phen2gene.wglab.org/) for running the tool via web interface or RESTful API queries. Finally, we have curated a large amount of benchmarking data for phenotype-to-gene tools involving 197 patients across 76 scientific articles and 85 patients' de-identified HPO term data from the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengge Zhao
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James M Havrilla
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Li Fang
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jacqueline Peng
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chao Wu
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mahdi Sarmady
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Pablo Botas
- Foundation 29, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Isla
- Foundation 29, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain.,Dravet Syndrome European Federation, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Gholson J Lyon
- Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities (IBR), Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Chunhua Weng
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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13
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Duan W, Wang K, Duan Y, Chu X, Ma R, Hu P, Xiong B. Integrated Transcriptome Analyses Revealed Key Target Genes in Mouse Models of Autism. Autism Res 2019; 13:352-368. [PMID: 31743624 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Genetic mutations are the major pathogenic factor of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In recent years, more and more ASD risk genes have been revealed, among which there are a group of transcriptional regulators. Considering the similarity of the core clinical phenotypes, it is possible that these different factors may regulate the expression levels of certain key targets. Identification of these targets could facilitate the understanding of the etiology and developing of novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Therefore, we performed integrated transcriptome analyses of RNA-Seq and microarray data in multiple ASD mouse models and identified a number of common downstream genes in various brain regions, many of which are related to the structure and function of the synapse components or drug addiction. We then established protein-protein interaction networks of the overlapped targets and isolated the hub genes by 11 algorithms based on the topological structure of the networks, including Sdc4, Vegfa, and Cp in the Cortex-Adult subgroup, Gria1 in the Cortex-Juvenile subgroup, and Kdr, S1pr1, Ubc, Grm2, Grin2b, Nrxn1, Pdyn, Grin3a, Itgam, Grin2a, Gabra2, and Camk4 in the Hippocampus-Adult subgroup, many of which have been associated with ASD in previous studies. Finally, we cross compared our results with human brain transcriptional data sets and verified several key candidates, which may play important role in the pathology process of ASD, including SDC4, CP, S1PR1, UBC, PDYN, GRIN2A, GABRA2, and CAMK4. In summary, by integrated bioinformatics analysis, we have identified a series of potentially important molecules for future ASD research. Autism Res 2020, 13: 352-368. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Abnormal transcriptional regulation accounts for a significant portion of Autism Spectrum Disorder. In this study, we performed transcriptome analyses of mouse models to identify common downstream targets of transcriptional regulators involved in ASD. We identified several recurrent target genes that are close related to the common pathological process of ASD, including SDC4, CP, S1PR1, UBC, PDYN, GRM2, NRXN1, GRIN3A, ITGAM, GRIN2A, GABRA2, and CAMK4. These results provide potentially important targets for understanding the molecular mechanism of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Duan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijie Duan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xufeng Chu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyun Ma
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Xiong
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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14
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Jinnah H, Sun YV. Dystonia genes and their biological pathways. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 129:159-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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