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Aumann T, Bertulani CA, Duer M, Galatyuk T, Obertelli A, Panin V, Rodríguez-Sánchez JL, Roth R, Stroth J. Nuclear structure opportunities with GeV radioactive beams at FAIR. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2024; 382:20230121. [PMID: 38910400 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2023.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) is in its final construction stage next to the campus of the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung Helmholtzzentrum for heavy-ion research in Darmstadt, Germany. Once it starts its operation, it will be the main nuclear physics research facility in many basic sciences and their applications in Europe for the coming decades. Owing to the ability of the new fragment separator, Super-FRagment Separator, to produce high-intensity radioactive ion beams in the energy range up to about 2 GeV/nucleon, these can be used in various nuclear reactions. This opens a unique opportunity for various nuclear structure studies across a range of fields and scales: from low-energy physics via the investigation of multi-neutron systems and halos to high-density nuclear matter and the equation of state, following heavy-ion collisions, fission and study of short-range correlations in nuclei and hypernuclei. The newly developed reactions with relativistic radioactive beams (R3B) set up at FAIR would be the most suitable and versatile for such studies. An overview of highlighted physics cases foreseen at R3B is given, along with possible future opportunities, at FAIR. This article is part of the theme issue 'The liminal position of Nuclear Physics: from hadrons to neutron stars'.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Aumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Darmstadt 64289, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1 , Darmstadt 64291, Germany
- Helmholtz Forschungsakademie Hessen für FAIR (HFHF) , Darmstadt 64291, Germany
| | - C A Bertulani
- Helmholtz Forschungsakademie Hessen für FAIR (HFHF) , Darmstadt 64291, Germany
- Texas A&M University-Commerce , Commerce, TX 75429, USA
| | - M Duer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - T Galatyuk
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Darmstadt 64289, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1 , Darmstadt 64291, Germany
- Helmholtz Forschungsakademie Hessen für FAIR (HFHF) , Darmstadt 64291, Germany
| | - A Obertelli
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Darmstadt 64289, Germany
- Helmholtz Forschungsakademie Hessen für FAIR (HFHF) , Darmstadt 64291, Germany
| | - V Panin
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1 , Darmstadt 64291, Germany
| | | | - R Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Darmstadt 64289, Germany
- Helmholtz Forschungsakademie Hessen für FAIR (HFHF) , Darmstadt 64291, Germany
| | - J Stroth
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1 , Darmstadt 64291, Germany
- Helmholtz Forschungsakademie Hessen für FAIR (HFHF) , Darmstadt 64291, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität , Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Geerits N, Lemmel H, Berger AS, Sponar S. Phase vortex lattices in neutron interferometry. COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS 2023; 6:209. [PMID: 38665409 PMCID: PMC11041680 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-023-01318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Neutron Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) is an additional quantum mechanical degree of freedom, useful in quantum information, and may provide more complete information on the neutron scattering amplitude of nuclei. Various methods for producing OAM in neutrons have been discussed. In this work we generalize magnetic methods which employ coherent averaging and apply this to neutron interferometry. Two aluminium prisms are inserted into a nested loop interferometer to generate a phase vortex lattice with significant extrinsic OAM, 〈Lz〉 ≈ 0.35, on a length scale of ≈ 220 μm, transverse to the propagation direction. Our generalized method exploits the strong nuclear interaction, enabling a tighter lattice. Combined with recent advances in neutron compound optics and split crystal interferometry our method may be applied to generate intrinsic neutron OAM states. Finally, we assert that, in its current state, our setup is directly applicable to anisotropic ultra small angle neutron scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Geerits
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hartmut Lemmel
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Anna-Sophie Berger
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Sponar
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria
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Sarenac D, Henderson ME, Ekinci H, Clark CW, Cory DG, DeBeer-Schmitt L, Huber MG, Kapahi C, Pushin DA. Experimental realization of neutron helical waves. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd2002. [PMID: 36399573 PMCID: PMC9674294 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Methods of preparation and analysis of structured waves of light, electrons, and atoms have been advancing rapidly. Despite the proven power of neutrons for material characterization and studies of fundamental physics, neutron science has not been able to fully integrate these techniques because of small transverse coherence lengths, the relatively poor resolution of spatial detectors, and low fluence rates. Here, we demonstrate methods that are practical with the existing technologies and show the experimental achievement of neutron helical wavefronts that carry well-defined orbital angular momentum values. We discuss possible applications and extensions to spin-orbit correlations and material characterization techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusan Sarenac
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Melissa E. Henderson
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Huseyin Ekinci
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Charles W. Clark
- Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - David G. Cory
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Lisa DeBeer-Schmitt
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Michael G. Huber
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Connor Kapahi
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Dmitry A. Pushin
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
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