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Rasmussen TS, Yu Y, Mork J. Suppression of Coherence Collapse in Semiconductor Fano Lasers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:233904. [PMID: 31868468 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.233904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We show that semiconductor Fano lasers strongly suppress dynamic instabilities induced by external optical feedback. A comparison with conventional Fabry-Perot lasers shows orders of magnitude improvement in feedback stability and in many cases even total suppression of coherence collapse, which is of major importance for applications in integrated photonics. The laser dynamics are analyzed using a generalization of the Lang-Kobayashi model for semiconductor lasers with external feedback, and an analytical expression for the critical feedback level is derived.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi Yu
- DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jesper Mork
- DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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2
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Inorganic and Hybrid Perovskite Based Laser Devices: A Review. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12060859. [PMID: 30875786 PMCID: PMC6470628 DOI: 10.3390/ma12060859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic and organic-inorganic (hybrid) perovskite semiconductor materials have attracted worldwide scientific attention and research effort as the new wonder semiconductor material in optoelectronics. Their excellent physical and electronic properties have been exploited to boost the solar cells efficiency beyond 23% and captivate their potential as competitors to the dominant silicon solar cells technology. However, the fundamental principles in Physics, dictate that an excellent direct band gap material for photovoltaic applications must be also an excellent light emitter candidate. This has been realized for the case of perovskite-based light emitting diodes (LEDs) but much less for the case of the respective laser devices. Here, the strides, exclusively in lasing, made since 2014 are presented for the first time. The solution processability, low temperature crystallization, formation of nearly defect free, nanostructures, the long range ambipolar transport, the direct energy band gap, the high spectral emission tunability over the entire visible spectrum and the almost 100% external luminescence efficiency show perovskite semiconductors’ potential to transform the nanophotonics sector. The operational principles, the various adopted material and laser configurations along the future challenges are reviewed and presented in this paper.
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Kilen I, Hader J, Koch SW, Moloney JV. Non-equilibrium dynamics in the dual-wavelength operation of vertical external-cavity surface-emitting lasers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:5368-5382. [PMID: 30876142 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.005368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microscopic many-body theory coupled with Maxwell's equation is used to study dual-wavelength operation in vertical external-cavity surface-emitting lasers. The intrinsically dynamic nature of coexisting emission wavelengths in semiconductor lasers is associated with characteristic non-equilibrium carrier dynamics, which causes significant deformations of the quasi-equilibrium gain and carrier inversion. Extended numerical simulations are employed to efficiently investigate the parameter space to identify the regime for dual-wavelength operation. Using a frequency selective intracavity etalon, two families of modes are stabilized with dynamical interchange of the strongest emission peaks. For this operation mode, anti-correlated intensity noise is observed in agreement with the experiment. A method using effective frequency selective filtering is suggested for stabilization of genuine dual-wavelength output.
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Selivanov A, Lehnert J, Fradkov A, Schöll E. Adaptive time-delayed stabilization of steady states and periodic orbits. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 91:012906. [PMID: 25679681 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.012906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We derive adaptive time-delayed feedback controllers that stabilize fixed points and periodic orbits. First, we develop an adaptive controller for stabilization of a steady state by applying the speed-gradient method to an appropriate goal function and prove global asymptotic stability of the resulting system. For an example we show that the advantage of the adaptive controller over the nonadaptive one is in a smaller controller gain. Second, we propose adaptive time-delayed algorithms for stabilization of periodic orbits. Their efficiency is confirmed by local stability analysis. Numerical examples demonstrate the applicability of the proposed controllers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Selivanov
- School of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Judith Lehnert
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Fradkov
- Department of Theoretical Cybernetics, Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia and Institute for Problems of Mechanical Engineering, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy Avenue, 61, Vasilievsky Ostrov, St. Petersburg 199178, Russia
| | - Eckehard Schöll
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Hinz RC, Hövel P, Schöll E. Transient behavior in systems with time-delayed feedback. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2011; 21:023114. [PMID: 21721756 DOI: 10.1063/1.3581161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the transient times for the onset of control of steady states by time-delayed feedback. The optimization of control by minimizing the transient time before control becomes effective is discussed analytically and numerically, and the competing influences of local and global features are elaborated. We derive an algebraic scaling of the transient time and confirm our findings by numerical simulations in dependence on feedback gain and time delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Hinz
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, TU Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Konishi K, Kokame H, Hara N. Stabilization of a steady state in network oscillators by using diffusive connections with two long time delays. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2010; 81:016201. [PMID: 20365440 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.81.016201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The present study shows that diffusive connections with two long-time delays can induce the stabilization of a steady state in network oscillators. A linear stability analysis shows that, if the two delay times retain a proportional relation with a certain bias, the stabilization can be achieved independent of the delay times. Furthermore, a simple systematic procedure for designing the coupling strength and the delay times in the connections is proposed. The procedure has the following two advantages: one can employ time delays as long as one wants and the stabilization can be achieved independently of its network topology. Our analytical results are applied to the well-known double-scroll circuit model on a small-world network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Konishi
- Department of Electrical and Information Systems, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
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Ermakov IV, Tronciu VZ, Colet P, Mirasso CR. Controlling the unstable emission of a semiconductor laser subject to conventional optical feedback with a filtered feedback branch. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:8749-8755. [PMID: 19466124 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.008749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We show the advantages of controlling the unstable dynamics of a semiconductor laser subject to conventional optical feedback by means of a second filtered feedback branch. We give an overview of the analytical solutions of the double cavity feedback and show numerically that the region of stabilization is much larger when using a second branch with filtered feedback than when using a conventional feedback one.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Ermakov
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos (CSIC-UIB), Campus Universitat de Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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Time-Delayed Feedback Control: From Simple Models to Lasers and Neural Systems. UNDERSTANDING COMPLEX SYSTEMS 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-02329-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Dahms T, Hövel P, Schöll E. Stabilizing continuous-wave output in semiconductor lasers by time-delayed feedback. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 78:056213. [PMID: 19113206 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.78.056213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The stabilization of steady states is studied in a modified Lang-Kobayashi model of a semiconductor laser. We show that multiple time-delayed feedback, realized by a Fabry-Perot resonator coupled to the laser, provides a valuable tool for the suppression of unwanted intensity pulsations, and leads to stable continuous-wave operation. The domains of control are calculated in dependence on the feedback strength, delay time (cavity round trip time), memory parameter (mirror reflectivity), latency time, feedback phase, and bandpass filtering. Due to the optical feedback, multistable behavior can also occur in the form of delay-induced intensity pulsations or other modes for certain choices of the control parameters. Control may then still be achieved by slowly ramping the injection current during turn-on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dahms
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Schikora S, Wünsche HJ, Henneberger F. All-optical noninvasive chaos control of a semiconductor laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 78:025202. [PMID: 18850881 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.78.025202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2008] [Revised: 05/19/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate experimentally control of a chaotic system on time scales much shorter than in any previous study. Combining a multisection laser with an external Fabry-Perot etalon, the chaotic output transforms into a regular intensity self-pulsation with a frequency in the 10-GHz range. The control is noninvasive as the feedback from the etalon is minimum when the target state is reached. The optical phase is identified as a crucial control parameter. Numerical simulations agree well with the experimental data and uncover global control properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schikora
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Physik, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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Fiedler B, Yanchuk S, Flunkert V, Hövel P, Wünsche HJ, Schöll E. Delay stabilization of rotating waves near fold bifurcation and application to all-optical control of a semiconductor laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 77:066207. [PMID: 18643350 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.77.066207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We consider the delayed feedback control method for stabilization of unstable rotating waves near a fold bifurcation. Theoretical analysis of a generic model and numerical bifurcation analysis of the rate-equations model demonstrate that such orbits can always be stabilized by a proper choice of control parameters. Our paper confirms the recently discovered invalidity of the so-called "odd-number limitation" of delayed feedback control. Previous results have been restricted to the vicinity of a subcritical Hopf bifurcation. We now refute such a limitation for rotating waves near a fold bifurcation. We include an application to all-optical realization of the control in three-section semiconductor lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fiedler
- Institut für Mathematik I, FU Berlin, Arnimallee 2-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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Flunkert V, Schöll E. Suppressing noise-induced intensity pulsations in semiconductor lasers by means of time-delayed feedback. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2007; 76:066202. [PMID: 18233899 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.76.066202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the possibility to suppress noise-induced intensity pulsations (relaxation oscillations) in semiconductor lasers by means of a time-delayed feedback control scheme. This idea is first studied in a generic normal-form model, where we derive an analytic expression for the mean amplitude of the oscillations and demonstrate that it can be strongly modulated by varying the delay time. We then investigate the control scheme analytically and numerically in a laser model of Lang-Kobayashi type and show that relaxation oscillations excited by noise can be very efficiently suppressed via feedback from a Fabry-Perot resonator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Flunkert
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany
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Dahms T, Hövel P, Schöll E. Control of unstable steady states by extended time-delayed feedback. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2007; 76:056201. [PMID: 18233733 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.76.056201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Time-delayed feedback methods can be used to control unstable periodic orbits as well as unstable steady states. We present an application of extended time delay autosynchronization introduced by Socolar [Phys. Rev. E 50, 3245 (1994)] to an unstable focus. This system represents a generic model of an unstable steady state which can be found, for instance, in Hopf bifurcation. In addition to the original controller design, we investigate effects of control loop latency and a bandpass filter on the domain of control. Furthermore, we consider coupling of the control force to the system via a rotational coupling matrix parametrized by a variable phase. We present an analysis of the domain of control and support our results by numerical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dahms
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Erzgräber H, Lenstra D, Krauskopf B, Fischer APA, Vemuri G. Feedback phase sensitivity of a semiconductor laser subject to filtered optical feedback: experiment and theory. Phys Rev E 2007; 76:026212. [PMID: 17930126 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.76.026212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We investigate experimentally and theoretically the dynamics of a semiconductor laser subject to filtered optical feedback. Depending on the feedback strength we find dynamical regimes with different dependence on the feedback phase. In particular, the influence of the feedback phase on cw emission and on frequency oscillations is characterized experimentally. We also measure the dependence of the filter mirror distance on the frequency oscillations. In general, good agreement between experiment and theory is found.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Erzgräber
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Erzgräber H, Krauskopf B. Dynamics of a filtered-feedback laser: influence of the filter width. OPTICS LETTERS 2007; 32:2441-3. [PMID: 17700812 DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.002441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of a semiconductor laser subject to filtered optical feedback is studied in dependence on the width of the filter. Of special interest are pure frequency oscillations where the laser intensity is practically constant. We show that frequency oscillations are stable in a large region of intermediate values of the filter width, where the dispersion of the filter is able to compensate for the well-known phase-amplitude coupling of the semiconductor laser. Our stability diagram covers the entire range from a very narrow filter, when the system behaves like a laser with monochromatic optical injection, to a very broad filter, when the laser effectively receives conventional (i.e., unfiltered) optical feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartmut Erzgräber
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK.
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Schikora S, Hövel P, Wünsche HJ, Schöll E, Henneberger F. All-optical noninvasive control of unstable steady states in a semiconductor laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:213902. [PMID: 17155744 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.213902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
All-optical noninvasive control of a multisection semiconductor laser by means of time-delayed feedback from an external Fabry-Perot cavity is realized experimentally. A theoretical analysis, in both a generic model as well as a device-specific simulation, points out the role of the optical phase. Using phase-dependent feedback we demonstrate stabilization of the continuous-wave laser output and noninvasive suppression of intensity pulsations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schikora
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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Yanchuk S, Wolfrum M, Hövel P, Schöll E. Control of unstable steady states by long delay feedback. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2006; 74:026201. [PMID: 17025519 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.74.026201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We present an asymptotic analysis of time-delayed feedback control of steady states for large delay time. By scaling arguments, and a detailed comparison with exact solutions, we establish the parameter ranges for successful stabilization of an unstable fixed point of focus type. Insight into the control mechanism is gained by analyzing the eigenvalue spectrum, which consists of a pseudocontinuous spectrum and up to two strongly unstable eigenvalues. Although the standard control scheme generally fails for large delay, we find that if the uncontrolled system is sufficiently close to its instability threshold, control does work even for relatively large delay times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhiy Yanchuk
- Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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