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Beloy K. Trap-Induced ac Zeeman Shift of the Thorium-229 Nuclear Clock Frequency. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:103201. [PMID: 36962041 PMCID: PMC10193457 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.103201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We examine the effect of a parasitic rf magnetic field, attributed to ion trapping, on the highly anticipated nuclear clock based on ^{229}Th^{3+} [C. J. Campbell et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 120802 (2012)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.108.120802]. The rf magnetic field induces an ac Zeeman shift to the clock frequency. As we demonstrate, this shift threatens to be the dominant systematic frequency shift for the clock, exceeding other systematic frequency shifts and the projected systematic uncertainty of the clock by orders of magnitude. We propose practical means to suppress or eliminate this shift.
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Li G, Tian Y, Wu W, Li S, Li X, Liu Y, Zhang P, Zhang T. Triply Magic Conditions for Microwave Transition of Optically Trapped Alkali-Metal Atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:253602. [PMID: 31922798 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.253602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the finding of "triply magic" conditions (the doubly magic frequency-intensity conditions of an optical dipole trap plus the magic magnetic field) for the microwave transitions of optically trapped alkali-metal atoms. The differential light shift (DLS) induced by a degenerate two-photon process is adopted to compensate a DLS associated with the one-photon process. Thus, doubly magic conditions for the intensity and frequency of the optical trap beam can be found. Moreover, the DLS decouples from the magnetic field in a linearly polarized optical dipole trap, so that the magic condition of the magnetic field can be applied independently. Therefore, the triply magic conditions can be realized simultaneously. We also experimentally demonstrate the doubly magic frequency-intensity conditions as well as the independence of the magnetic field. When the triply magic conditions are fulfilled, the inhomogeneous and homogeneous decoherences for the optically trapped atom will be dramatically suppressed, and the coherence time can be extended significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, and Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yali Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, and Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, and Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Shaokang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, and Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, and Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yanxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, and Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, and Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Tiancai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, and Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Liu B, Jin G, Sun R, He J, Wang J. Measurement of magic-wavelength optical dipole trap by using the laser-induced fluorescence spectra of trapped single cesium atoms. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:15861-15867. [PMID: 28789098 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.015861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Based on the multi-level model, we have calculated light shifts for Zeeman states of hyperfine levels of cesium (Cs) 6S1/2 ground state and 6P3/2 excited state. The magic-wavelength linearly-polarized optical dipole trap (ODT) for Cs 6S1/2 |F = 4, mF = + 4ñ - 6P3/2 |F' = 5, mF = + 5ñ transition is experimentally constructed and characterized by using the laser-induced fluorescence spectra of trapped single Cs atoms. The magic wavelength is 937.7 nm which produces almost the same light shift for 6S1/2 |F = 4, mF = + 4ñ ground state and 6P3/2 |F' = 5, mF = + 5ñ excited state with linearly-polarized ODT laser beam. Compared to undisturbed Cs 6S1/2 |F = 4, mF = + 4ñ - 6P3/2 |F' = 5, mF = + 5ñ transition frequency in free space, the differential light shift is less than 0.7 MHz in a linearly-polarized 937.7 nm ODT, which is less than 1.2% of the trap depth. We also discussed influence of the trap depth and the bias magnetic field on the measurement results.
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Carr AW, Saffman M. Doubly Magic Optical Trapping for Cs Atom Hyperfine Clock Transitions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:150801. [PMID: 27768352 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.150801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We analyze doubly magic trapping of Cs hyperfine transitions including previously neglected contributions from the ground state hyperpolarizability and the interaction of the laser light and a static magnetic field. Extensive numerical searches do not reveal any doubly magic trapping conditions for any pair of hyperfine states. However, including the hyperpolarizability reveals light intensity insensitive traps for a wide range of wavelengths at specific intensities. We then investigate the use of bichromatic trapping light fields. Deploying a bichromatic scheme, we demonstrate doubly magic red and blue detuned traps for pairs of states separated by one or two single photon transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Carr
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Saffman
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Yang J, He X, Guo R, Xu P, Wang K, Sheng C, Liu M, Wang J, Derevianko A, Zhan M. Coherence Preservation of a Single Neutral Atom Qubit Transferred between Magic-Intensity Optical Traps. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:123201. [PMID: 27689269 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.123201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the coherence of a single mobile atomic qubit can be well preserved during a transfer process among different optical dipole traps (ODTs). This is a prerequisite step in realizing a large-scale neutral atom quantum information processing platform. A qubit encoded in the hyperfine manifold of an ^{87}Rb atom is dynamically extracted from the static quantum register by an auxiliary moving ODT and reinserted into the static ODT. Previous experiments were limited by decoherences induced by the differential light shifts of qubit states. Here, we apply a magic-intensity trapping technique which mitigates the detrimental effects of light shifts and substantially enhances the coherence time to 225±21 ms. The experimentally demonstrated magic trapping technique relies on the previously neglected hyperpolarizability contribution to the light shifts, which makes the light shift dependence on the trapping laser intensity parabolic. Because of the parabolic dependence, at a certain "magic" intensity, the first order sensitivity to trapping light-intensity variations over ODT volume is eliminated. We experimentally demonstrate the utility of this approach and measure hyperpolarizability for the first time. Our results pave the way for constructing scalable quantum-computing architectures with single atoms trapped in an array of magic ODTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaodong He
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ruijun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Andrei Derevianko
- Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Mingsheng Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
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Kim H, Han HS, Cho D. Magic polarization for optical trapping of atoms without Stark-induced dephasing. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:243004. [PMID: 24483653 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.243004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the differential ac-Stark shift of a Zeeman-sensitive ground hyperfine transition in an optical trap can be eliminated by using properly polarized trapping light. We use the vector polarizability of an alkali-metal atom to produce a polarization-dependent ac-Stark shift that resembles a Zeeman shift. We study a transition from the |2S1/2,F=2,mF=-2> to the |2S1/2,F=1,mF=-1> state of 7Li to observe 0.59±0.02 Hz linewidth with interrogation time of 2 s and 0.82±0.06 s coherence time of a superposition state. Implications of the narrow linewidth and the long coherence time for precision spectroscopy and quantum information processing using atoms in an optical lattice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidong Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea
| | - Hyok Sang Han
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea
| | - D Cho
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea
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Büning GK, Will J, Ertmer W, Rasel E, Arlt J, Klempt C, Ramirez-Martinez F, Piéchon F, Rosenbusch P. Extended coherence time on the clock transition of optically trapped rubidium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:240801. [PMID: 21770559 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.240801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Optically trapped ensembles are of crucial importance for frequency measurements and quantum memories but generally suffer from strong dephasing due to inhomogeneous density and light shifts. We demonstrate a drastic increase of the coherence time to 21 s on the magnetic field insensitive clock transition of (87)Rb by applying the recently discovered spin self-rephasing [C. Deutsch et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 020401 (2010)]. This result confirms the general nature of this new mechanism and thus shows its applicability in atom clocks and quantum memories. A systematic investigation of all relevant frequency shifts and noise contributions yields a stability of 2.4×10(-11)τ(-1/2), where τ is the integration time in seconds. Based on a set of technical improvements, the presented frequency standard is predicted to rival the stability of microwave fountain clocks in a potentially much more compact setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kleine Büning
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
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Beaufils Q, Tackmann G, Wang X, Pelle B, Pelisson S, Wolf P, dos Santos FP. Laser controlled tunneling in a vertical optical lattice. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:213002. [PMID: 21699294 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.213002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Raman laser pulses are used to induce coherent tunneling between neighboring sites of a vertical 1D optical lattice. Such tunneling occurs when the detuning of a probe laser from the atomic transition frequency matches multiples of the Bloch frequency, allowing for a spectroscopic control of the coupling between Wannier-Stark (WS) states. In particular, we prepare coherent superpositions of WS states of adjacent sites, and investigate the coherence time of these superpositions by realizing a spatial interferometer. This scheme provides a powerful tool for coherent manipulation of external degrees of freedom of cold atoms, which is a key issue for quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Beaufils
- LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, LNE, CNRS, UPMC, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
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Chicireanu R, Nelson KD, Olmschenk S, Lundblad N, Derevianko A, Porto JV. Differential light-shift cancellation in a magnetic-field-insensitive transition of 87rb. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:063002. [PMID: 21405465 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.063002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The precise measurement of transition frequencies of trapped atomic samples is susceptible to inaccuracy arising from the inhomogeneous differential shift of the relevant energy levels in the presence of the trapping fields. We demonstrate near-complete cancellation of the differential ac Stark shift ("light shift") of a two-photon magnetic-field-insensitive microwave hyperfine (clock) transition in ^{87}Rb atoms trapped in an optical lattice. Up to 95(2)% of the differential light shift is cancelled while maintaining magnetic-field insensitivity. This technique should have applications in quantum information and frequency metrology.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chicireanu
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.
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