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Dergachev VD, Tran Tan HB, Varganov SA, Derevianko A. Effect of Extreme Variations of Fundamental Constants on the Structure of Atoms and Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:4111-4116. [PMID: 38589052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The fundamental constants (FCs) of physics are promoted to dynamic quantities in modern theories. So far most of the literature focused on small fractional variations in the values of FCs. In this paper, we investigate the novel regime of extreme but transient variations of FCs. We focus on the speed of light (c) and show that its variation can dramatically change the electronic structure and chemistry of atoms and molecules. These changes are induced by increased relativistic effects when c is reduced from its nominal value. To model these changes, we solve the fully relativistic Dirac equation at different values of c. We show that at extreme variations of c, the periodic table is truncated, the nominal ground states of atoms can change, water fails to serve as a universal solvent, and the ammonia molecule becomes planar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vsevolod D Dergachev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
| | - Hoang Bao Tran Tan
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Sergey A Varganov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
| | - Andrei Derevianko
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
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2
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Ratti M, Gandaglia G, Armando S, Mazzone E, Scuderi S, Barletta F, Mottet N, Williamson P, Moss C, Beyer K, Muhammad Imran O, Maclennan S, Zong J, Cornford P, Maclennan S, Aiyegbusi O, Van Hemelrijck M, Alleva E, Derevianko A, Sisca E, N’dow J, Francesco M, Briganti A. A systematic review to evaluate Patient-Reported Outcomes Measures (PROMs) for metastatic prostate cancer according to the COSMIN methodology – A PIONEER wp2 project. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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3
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Centers GP, Blanchard JW, Conrad J, Figueroa NL, Garcon A, Gramolin AV, Kimball DFJ, Lawson M, Pelssers B, Smiga JA, Sushkov AO, Wickenbrock A, Budker D, Derevianko A. Stochastic fluctuations of bosonic dark matter. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7321. [PMID: 34916510 PMCID: PMC8677790 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27632-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous theories extending beyond the standard model of particle physics predict the existence of bosons that could constitute dark matter. In the standard halo model of galactic dark matter, the velocity distribution of the bosonic dark matter field defines a characteristic coherence time τc. Until recently, laboratory experiments searching for bosonic dark matter fields have been in the regime where the measurement time T significantly exceeds τc, so null results have been interpreted by assuming a bosonic field amplitude Φ0 fixed by the average local dark matter density. Here we show that experiments operating in the T ≪ τc regime do not sample the full distribution of bosonic dark matter field amplitudes and therefore it is incorrect to assume a fixed value of Φ0 when inferring constraints. Instead, in order to interpret laboratory measurements (even in the event of a discovery), it is necessary to account for the stochastic nature of such a virialized ultralight field. The constraints inferred from several previous null experiments searching for ultralight bosonic dark matter were overestimated by factors ranging from 3 to 10 depending on experimental details, model assumptions, and choice of inference framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary P Centers
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, 55128, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute, Mainz, 55099, Germany
| | | | - Jan Conrad
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nataniel L Figueroa
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, 55128, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute, Mainz, 55099, Germany
| | - Antoine Garcon
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, 55128, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute, Mainz, 55099, Germany
| | | | | | - Matthew Lawson
- Helmholtz Institute, Mainz, 55099, Germany
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bart Pelssers
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joseph A Smiga
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, 55128, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute, Mainz, 55099, Germany
| | | | - Arne Wickenbrock
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, 55128, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute, Mainz, 55099, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, 55128, Germany.
- Helmholtz Institute, Mainz, 55099, Germany.
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-7300, USA.
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4
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Tran Tan HB, Derevianko A, Dzuba VA, Flambaum VV. Atomic Ionization by Scalar Dark Matter and Solar Scalars. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:081301. [PMID: 34477413 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.081301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We calculate the cross sections of atomic ionization by absorption of scalar particles in the energy range from a few eV to 100 keV. We consider both nonrelativistic particles (dark matter candidates) and relativistic particles that may be produced inside the Sun. We provide numerical results for atoms relevant for direct dark matter searches (O, Na, Ar, Ca, Ge, I, Xe, W and Tl). We identify a crucial flaw in previous calculations and show that they overestimated the ionization cross sections by several orders of magnitude due to violation of the orthogonality of the bound and continuum electron wave functions. Using our computed cross sections, we interpret the recent data from the Xenon1T experiment, establishing the first direct bounds on coupling of scalars to electrons. We argue that the Xenon1T excess can be explained by the emission of scalars from the Sun. Although our finding is in a similar tension with astrophysical bounds as the solar axion hypothesis, we establish direct limits on scalar DM for the ∼1-10 keV mass range. We also update axio-ionization cross sections. Numerical data files are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Tran Tan
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - A Derevianko
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - V A Dzuba
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - V V Flambaum
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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5
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Ratti M, Gandaglia G, Leardini L, Mazzoleni Ferracini S, Sisca E, Derevianko A, Furnari S, Beyer K, Pellegrino F, Sorce G, Scuderi S, Barletta F, Cucchiara V, Omar M, Maclennan S, Zong J, Maclennan S, Aiyegbusi O, Van Hemelrijck M, N’dow J, Montorsi F, Briganti A. Evaluating Patient-Reported Outcomes Measures (PROMs) for localised prostate cancer: A systematic review using the Consensus-based Standard for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)00686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Afach S, Buchler BC, Budker D, Dailey C, Derevianko A, Dumont V, Figueroa NL, Gerhardt I, Grujić ZD, Guo H, Hao C, Hamilton PS, Hedges M, Jackson Kimball DF, Kim D, Khamis S, Kornack T, Lebedev V, Lu ZT, Masia-Roig H, Monroy M, Padniuk M, Palm CA, Park SY, Paul KV, Penaflor A, Peng X, Pospelov M, Preston R, Pustelny S, Scholtes T, Segura PC, Semertzidis YK, Sheng D, Shin YC, Smiga JA, Stalnaker JE, Sulai I, Tandon D, Wang T, Weis A, Wickenbrock A, Wilson T, Wu T, Wurm D, Xiao W, Yang Y, Yu D, Zhang J. Search for topological defect dark matter with a global network of optical magnetometers. Nat Phys 2021; 17:1396-1401. [PMID: 34966439 PMCID: PMC8654677 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-021-01393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultralight bosons such as axion-like particles are viable candidates for dark matter. They can form stable, macroscopic field configurations in the form of topological defects that could concentrate the dark matter density into many distinct, compact spatial regions that are small compared with the Galaxy but much larger than the Earth. Here we report the results of the search for transient signals from the domain walls of axion-like particles by using the global network of optical magnetometers for exotic (GNOME) physics searches. We search the data, consisting of correlated measurements from optical atomic magnetometers located in laboratories all over the world, for patterns of signals propagating through the network consistent with domain walls. The analysis of these data from a continuous month-long operation of GNOME finds no statistically significant signals, thus placing experimental constraints on such dark matter scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Afach
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ben C. Buchler
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT Australia
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Conner Dailey
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV USA
- Present Address: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | | | - Vincent Dumont
- Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Nataniel L. Figueroa
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ilja Gerhardt
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), 3rd Institute of Physics, and Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Zoran D. Grujić
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Hong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Electronics, and Center for Quantum Information Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanpeng Hao
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Paul S. Hamilton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Morgan Hedges
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT Australia
| | | | - Dongok Kim
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sami Khamis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | | | - Victor Lebedev
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Zheng-Tian Lu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hector Masia-Roig
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Madeline Monroy
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
- Department of Physics, California State University–East Bay, Hayward, CA USA
| | - Mikhail Padniuk
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Christopher A. Palm
- Department of Physics, California State University–East Bay, Hayward, CA USA
| | - Sun Yool Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH USA
- Present Address: JILA, NIST and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - Karun V. Paul
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT Australia
| | - Alexander Penaflor
- Department of Physics, California State University–East Bay, Hayward, CA USA
| | - Xiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Electronics, and Center for Quantum Information Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Maxim Pospelov
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
- William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Rayshaun Preston
- Department of Physics, California State University–East Bay, Hayward, CA USA
| | - Szymon Pustelny
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Theo Scholtes
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
| | - Perrin C. Segura
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH USA
- Present Address: Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Yannis K. Semertzidis
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sheng
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Chang Shin
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph A. Smiga
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Ibrahim Sulai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA USA
| | - Dhruv Tandon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA
| | - Antoine Weis
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Arne Wickenbrock
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tatum Wilson
- Department of Physics, California State University–East Bay, Hayward, CA USA
| | - Teng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Electronics, and Center for Quantum Information Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - David Wurm
- Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Electronics, and Center for Quantum Information Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yucheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Electronics, and Center for Quantum Information Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongrui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Electronics, and Center for Quantum Information Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Electronics, and Center for Quantum Information Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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7
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Kennedy CJ, Oelker E, Robinson JM, Bothwell T, Kedar D, Milner WR, Marti GE, Derevianko A, Ye J. Precision Metrology Meets Cosmology: Improved Constraints on Ultralight Dark Matter from Atom-Cavity Frequency Comparisons. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:201302. [PMID: 33258619 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.201302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We conduct frequency comparisons between a state-of-the-art strontium optical lattice clock, a cryogenic crystalline silicon cavity, and a hydrogen maser to set new bounds on the coupling of ultralight dark matter to standard model particles and fields in the mass range of 10^{-16}-10^{-21} eV. The key advantage of this two-part ratio comparison is the differential sensitivity to time variation of both the fine-structure constant and the electron mass, achieving a substantially improved limit on the moduli of ultralight dark matter, particularly at higher masses than typical atomic spectroscopic results. Furthermore, we demonstrate an extension of the search range to even higher masses by use of dynamical decoupling techniques. These results highlight the importance of using the best-performing atomic clocks for fundamental physics applications, as all-optical timescales are increasingly integrated with, and will eventually supplant, existing microwave timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Kennedy
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - Eric Oelker
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - John M Robinson
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - Tobias Bothwell
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - Dhruv Kedar
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - William R Milner
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
| | - G Edward Marti
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Andrei Derevianko
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Jun Ye
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
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8
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Ratti M, Gandaglia G, Leardini L, Mazzoleni Ferracini S, Sisca E, Derevianko A, Furnari F, Beyer K, Pellegrino F, Sorce G, Barletta F, Scuderi S, Omar M, Maclennan S, Zong J, Maclennan S, Aiyegbusi O, Van Hemelrijck M, N’Dow J, Briganti A. Identifying the most appropriate instrument for Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) in patients with clinically localised prostate cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)36193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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9
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Geraci AA, Bradley C, Gao D, Weinstein J, Derevianko A. Searching for Ultralight Dark Matter with Optical Cavities. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:031304. [PMID: 31386466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.031304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We discuss the use of optical cavities as tools to search for dark matter (DM) composed of virialized ultralight fields (VULFs). Such fields could lead to oscillating fundamental constants, resulting in oscillations of the length of rigid bodies. We propose searching for these effects via differential strain measurement of rigid and suspended-mirror cavities. We estimate that more than 2 orders of magnitude of unexplored phase space for VULF DM couplings can be probed at VULF Compton frequencies in the audible range of 0.1-10 kHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Geraci
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Colin Bradley
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Dongfeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | | | - Andrei Derevianko
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
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10
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Roberts B, Blewitt G, Dailey C, Derevianko A. Search for transient ultralight dark matter signatures with networks of precision measurement devices using a Bayesian statistics method. Int J Clin Exp Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.97.083009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Fedorov DA, Derevianko A, Varganov SA. Erratum: “Accurate potential energy, dipole moment curves, and lifetimes of vibrational states of heteronuclear alkali dimers” [J. Chem. Phys. 140, 184315 (2014)]. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:209901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5004718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A. Fedorov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, USA
| | - Andrei Derevianko
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, Nevada 89557-0220, USA
| | - Sergey A. Varganov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, USA
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12
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Sarno L, Ratti M, Soldi E, Derevianko A, Verusio C. Cancer, emotions, and cinema: a preliminary study about the changes experienced by oncological patients. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx434.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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13
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Abstract
We discuss the use of atom interferometry as a tool to search for dark matter (DM) composed of virialized ultralight fields (VULFs). Previous work on VULF DM detection using accelerometers has considered the possibility of equivalence-principle-violating effects whereby gradients in the dark matter field can directly produce relative accelerations between media of differing composition. In atom interferometers, we find that time-varying phase signals induced by coherent oscillations of DM fields can also arise due to changes in the atom rest mass that can occur between light pulses throughout the interferometer sequence as well as changes in Earth's gravitational field. We estimate that several orders of magnitude of unexplored phase space for VULF DM couplings can be probed due to these new effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Geraci
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Andrei Derevianko
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
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14
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Yang J, He X, Guo R, Xu P, Wang K, Sheng C, Liu M, Wang J, Derevianko A, Zhan M. Coherence Preservation of a Single Neutral Atom Qubit Transferred between Magic-Intensity Optical Traps. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:123201. [PMID: 27689269 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.123201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the coherence of a single mobile atomic qubit can be well preserved during a transfer process among different optical dipole traps (ODTs). This is a prerequisite step in realizing a large-scale neutral atom quantum information processing platform. A qubit encoded in the hyperfine manifold of an ^{87}Rb atom is dynamically extracted from the static quantum register by an auxiliary moving ODT and reinserted into the static ODT. Previous experiments were limited by decoherences induced by the differential light shifts of qubit states. Here, we apply a magic-intensity trapping technique which mitigates the detrimental effects of light shifts and substantially enhances the coherence time to 225±21 ms. The experimentally demonstrated magic trapping technique relies on the previously neglected hyperpolarizability contribution to the light shifts, which makes the light shift dependence on the trapping laser intensity parabolic. Because of the parabolic dependence, at a certain "magic" intensity, the first order sensitivity to trapping light-intensity variations over ODT volume is eliminated. We experimentally demonstrate the utility of this approach and measure hyperpolarizability for the first time. Our results pave the way for constructing scalable quantum-computing architectures with single atoms trapped in an array of magic ODTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaodong He
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ruijun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Andrei Derevianko
- Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - Mingsheng Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences - Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan 430071, China
- Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
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15
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Kómár P, Topcu T, Kessler EM, Derevianko A, Vuletić V, Ye J, Lukin MD. Quantum Network of Atom Clocks: A Possible Implementation with Neutral Atoms. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:060506. [PMID: 27541452 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.060506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We propose a protocol for creating a fully entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-type state of neutral atoms in spatially separated optical atomic clocks. In our scheme, local operations make use of the strong dipole-dipole interaction between Rydberg excitations, which give rise to fast and reliable quantum operations involving all atoms in the ensemble. The necessary entanglement between distant ensembles is mediated by single-photon quantum channels and collectively enhanced light-matter couplings. These techniques can be used to create the recently proposed quantum clock network based on neutral atom optical clocks. We specifically analyze a possible realization of this scheme using neutral Yb ensembles.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kómár
- Physics Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - T Topcu
- Physics Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
- ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - E M Kessler
- Physics Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - A Derevianko
- Physics Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
- ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - V Vuletić
- Department of Physics and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Ye
- JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M D Lukin
- Physics Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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16
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Yudin VI, Taichenachev AV, Derevianko A. Magnetic-dipole transitions in highly charged ions as a basis of ultraprecise optical clocks. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:233003. [PMID: 25526127 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.233003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We evaluate the feasibility of using magnetic-dipole (M1) transitions in highly charged ions as a basis of an optical atomic clockwork of exceptional accuracy. We consider a range of possibilities, including M1 transitions between clock levels of the same fine-structure and hyperfine-structure manifolds. In highly charged ions these transitions lie in the optical part of the spectra and can be probed with lasers. The most direct advantage of our proposal comes from the low degeneracy of clock levels and the simplicity of atomic structure in combination with negligible quadrupolar shift. We demonstrate that such clocks can have projected fractional accuracies below the 10^{-20}-10^{-21} level for all common systematic effects, such as blackbody radiation, Zeeman, ac-Stark, and quadrupolar shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- V I Yudin
- Institute of Laser Physics SB RAS, pr. Akademika Lavrent'eva 13/3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia and Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia and Novosibirsk State Technical University, pr. Karla Marksa 20, Novosibirsk 630073, Russia and Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Moscow Reg., 143025, Russia
| | - A V Taichenachev
- Institute of Laser Physics SB RAS, pr. Akademika Lavrent'eva 13/3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia and Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia and Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Moscow Reg., 143025, Russia
| | - A Derevianko
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
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17
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Fedorov DA, Derevianko A, Varganov SA. Accurate potential energy, dipole moment curves, and lifetimes of vibrational states of heteronuclear alkali dimers. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:184315. [PMID: 24832278 DOI: 10.1063/1.4875038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We calculate the potential energy curves, the permanent dipole moment curves, and the lifetimes of the ground and excited vibrational states of the heteronuclear alkali dimers XY (X, Y = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs) in the X(1)Σ(+) electronic state using the coupled cluster with singles doubles and triples method. All-electron quadruple-ζ basis sets with additional core functions are used for Li and Na, and small-core relativistic effective core potentials with quadruple-ζ quality basis sets are used for K, Rb, and Cs. The inclusion of the coupled cluster non-perturbative triple excitations is shown to be crucial for obtaining the accurate potential energy curves. A large one-electron basis set with additional core functions is needed for the accurate prediction of permanent dipole moments. The dissociation energies are overestimated by only 14 cm(-1) for LiNa and by no more than 114 cm(-1) for the other molecules. The discrepancies between the experimental and calculated harmonic vibrational frequencies are less than 1.7 cm(-1), and the discrepancies for the anharmonic correction are less than 0.1 cm(-1). We show that correlation between atomic electronegativity differences and permanent dipole moment of heteronuclear alkali dimers is not perfect. To obtain the vibrational energies and wave functions the vibrational Schrödinger equation is solved with the B-spline basis set method. The transition dipole moments between all vibrational states, the Einstein coefficients, and the lifetimes of the vibrational states are calculated. We analyze the decay rates of the vibrational states in terms of spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission and absorption induced by black body radiation. In all studied heteronuclear alkali dimers the ground vibrational states have much longer lifetimes than any excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Fedorov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, USA
| | - Andrei Derevianko
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, Nevada 89557-0220, USA
| | - Sergey A Varganov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, USA
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18
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Derevianko A, Dzuba VA, Flambaum VV. Highly charged ions as a basis of optical atomic clockwork of exceptional accuracy. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:180801. [PMID: 23215265 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.180801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel class of atomic clocks based on highly charged ions. We consider highly forbidden laser-accessible transitions within the 4f(12) ground-state configurations of highly charged ions. Our evaluation of systematic effects demonstrates that these transitions may be used for building exceptionally accurate atomic clocks which may compete in accuracy with recently proposed nuclear clocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Derevianko
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
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19
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Campbell CJ, Radnaev AG, Kuzmich A, Dzuba VA, Flambaum VV, Derevianko A. Single-ion nuclear clock for metrology at the 19th decimal place. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:120802. [PMID: 22540568 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.120802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The 7.6(5) eV nuclear magnetic-dipole transition in a single 229Th3+ ion may provide the foundation for an optical clock of superb accuracy. A virtual clock transition composed of stretched states within the 5F(5/2) electronic ground level of both nuclear ground and isomeric manifolds is proposed. It is shown to offer unprecedented systematic shift suppression, allowing for clock performance with a total fractional inaccuracy approaching 1×10(-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Campbell
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, USA.
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20
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Ovsiannikov VD, Derevianko A, Gibble K. Rydberg spectroscopy in an optical lattice: blackbody thermometry for atomic clocks. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:093003. [PMID: 21929236 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.093003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We show that optical spectroscopy of Rydberg states can provide accurate in situ thermometry at room temperature. Transitions from a metastable state to Rydberg states with principal quantum numbers of 25-30 have 200 times larger fractional frequency sensitivities to blackbody radiation than the strontium clock transition. We demonstrate that magic-wavelength lattices exist for both strontium and ytterbium transitions between the metastable and Rydberg states. Frequency measurements of Rydberg transitions with 10(-16) accuracy provide 10 mK resolution and yield a blackbody uncertainty for the clock transition of 10(-18).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitali D Ovsiannikov
- Physics Department, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya pl. 1, 394006, Voronezh, Russia
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21
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Chicireanu R, Nelson KD, Olmschenk S, Lundblad N, Derevianko A, Porto JV. Differential light-shift cancellation in a magnetic-field-insensitive transition of 87rb. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:063002. [PMID: 21405465 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.063002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The precise measurement of transition frequencies of trapped atomic samples is susceptible to inaccuracy arising from the inhomogeneous differential shift of the relevant energy levels in the presence of the trapping fields. We demonstrate near-complete cancellation of the differential ac Stark shift ("light shift") of a two-photon magnetic-field-insensitive microwave hyperfine (clock) transition in ^{87}Rb atoms trapped in an optical lattice. Up to 95(2)% of the differential light shift is cancelled while maintaining magnetic-field insensitivity. This technique should have applications in quantum information and frequency metrology.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chicireanu
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.
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22
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Abstract
In experiments with trapped atoms, atomic energy levels are shifted by the trapping optical and magnetic fields. Regardless of this strong perturbation, precision spectroscopy may be still carried out using specially crafted, "magic" trapping fields. Finding these conditions for particularly valuable microwave transitions in alkali-metal atoms has so far remained an open challenge. Here I demonstrate that the microwave transitions in alkali-metal atoms may be indeed made impervious to both trapping laser intensity and fluctuations of magnetic fields. I consider driving multiphoton transitions between the clock levels and show that these "doubly magic" conditions are realized at special values of trapping laser wavelengths and fixed values of relatively weak magnetic fields. This finding has implications for precision measurements and quantum information processing with qubits stored in hyperfine manifolds.
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23
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Abstract
We explore the feasibility of probing atom-wall interaction with atomic clocks based on atoms trapped in engineered optical lattices. Optical lattice is normal to the wall. By monitoring the wall-induced clock shift at individual wells of the lattice, one would measure the dependence of the atom-wall interaction on the atom-wall separation. We find that the induced clock shifts are large and observable at already experimentally demonstrated levels of accuracy. We show that this scheme may uniquely probe the long-range atom-wall interaction in all three qualitatively distinct regimes of the interaction: van der Waals (image-charge interaction), Casimir-Polder (QED vacuum fluctuations), and Lifshitz (thermal-bath fluctuations) regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Derevianko
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
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24
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Porsev SG, Beloy K, Derevianko A. Precision determination of electroweak coupling from atomic parity violation and implications for particle physics. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:181601. [PMID: 19518856 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.181601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We carry out high-precision calculation of parity violation in a cesium atom, reducing theoretical uncertainty by a factor of 2 compared to previous evaluations. We combine previous measurements with calculations and extract the weak charge of the 133Cs nucleus, QW=-73.16(29)expt(20)theor. The result is in agreement with the standard model (SM) of elementary particles. This is the most accurate to-date test of the low-energy electroweak sector of the SM. In combination with the results of high-energy collider experiments, we confirm the energy dependence (or "running") of the electroweak force over an energy range spanning 4 orders of magnitude (from approximately 10 MeV to approximately 100 GeV). Additionally, our result places constraints on a variety of new physics scenarios beyond the SM. In particular, we increase the lower limit on the masses of extra Z bosons predicted by models of grand unification and string theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Porsev
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
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25
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Beloy K, Derevianko A, Dzuba VA, Flambaum VV. Micromagic clock: microwave clock based on atoms in an engineered optical lattice. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:120801. [PMID: 19392262 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.120801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new class of atomic microwave clocks based on the hyperfine transitions in the ground state of aluminum or gallium atoms trapped in optical lattices. For such elements magic wavelengths exist at which both levels of the hyperfine doublet are shifted at the same rate by the lattice laser field, cancelling its effect on the clock transition. A similar mechanism for the magic wavelengths may work in microwave hyperfine transitions in other atoms which have the fine-structure multiplets in the ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Beloy
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
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26
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Flambaum VV, Dzuba VA, Derevianko A. Magic frequencies for cesium primary-frequency standard. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:220801. [PMID: 19113470 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.220801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We consider microwave hyperfine transitions in the ground state of cesium and rubidium atoms which are presently used as the primary and the secondary frequency standards. The atoms are confined in an optical lattice generated by a circularly polarized laser field. We demonstrate that applying an external magnetic field with appropriately chosen direction may cancel dynamic Stark frequency shift making the frequency of the clock transition insensitive to the strengths of both the laser and the magnetic fields. This can be attained for practically any laser frequency which is sufficiently distant from a resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Flambaum
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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27
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Hachisu H, Miyagishi K, Porsev SG, Derevianko A, Ovsiannikov VD, Pal'chikov VG, Takamoto M, Katori H. Trapping of neutral mercury atoms and prospects for optical lattice clocks. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:053001. [PMID: 18352368 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.053001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Revised: 11/28/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report vapor-cell magneto-optical trapping of Hg isotopes on the (1)S(0)-(3)P(1) intercombination transition. Six abundant isotopes, including four bosons and two fermions, were trapped. Hg is the heaviest nonradioactive atom trapped so far, which enables sensitive atomic searches for "new physics" beyond the standard model. We propose an accurate optical lattice clock based on Hg and evaluate its systematic accuracy to be better than 10;{-18}. Highly accurate and stable Hg-based clocks will provide a new avenue for the research of optical lattice clocks and the time variation of the fine-structure constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hachisu
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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28
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Kozlov MG, Derevianko A. Proposal for a sensitive search for the electric dipole moment of the electron with matrix-isolated radicals. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:063001. [PMID: 17026169 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.063001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We propose using matrix-isolated paramagnetic diatomic molecules to search for the electric dipole moment of the electron (eEDM). As was suggested by Shapiro in 1968, the eEDM leads to a magnetization of a sample in the external electric field. In a typical condensed matter experiment, the effective field on the unpaired electron is of the same order of magnitude as the laboratory field, typically about 10(5) V/cm. We exploit the fact that the effective electric field inside heavy polar molecules is on the order of 10(10) V/cm. This leads to a huge enhancement of the Shapiro effect. Statistical sensitivity of the proposed experiment may allow one to improve the current limit on eEDM by 3 orders of magnitude in a few hours accumulation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Kozlov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia
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29
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Beloy K, Safronova UI, Derevianko A. High-accuracy calculation of the blackbody radiation shift in the 133Cs primary frequency standard. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:040801. [PMID: 16907560 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.040801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2006] [Revised: 07/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The blackbody radiation (BBR) shift is an important systematic correction for the atomic frequency standards realizing the SI unit of time. Presently, there is controversy over the value of the BBR shift for the primary 133Cs standard. At room temperatures, the values from various groups differ at the 3x10(-15) level, while modern clocks are aiming at 10(-16) accuracies. We carry out high-precision relativistic many-body calculations of the BBR shift. For the BBR coefficient beta at T=300 K, we obtain beta=-(1.710+/-0.006)x10(-14), implying 6x10(-17) fractional uncertainty. While in accord with the most accurate measurement, our 0.35% accurate value is in a substantial (10%) disagreement with recent semiempirical calculations. We identify an oversight in those calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Beloy
- Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
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30
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Ravaine B, Porsev SG, Derevianko A. Marked influence of the nature of the chemical bond on CP-violating signature in molecular ions HBr(+) and HI(+). Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:013001. [PMID: 15698075 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.013001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Heavy polar molecules offer a great sensitivity to the electron electric dipole moment (EDM). To guide emerging searches for EDMs with molecular ions, we estimate the EDM-induced energy corrections for hydrogen halide ions HBr(+) and HI(+) in their respective ground X (2)Pi(3/2) states. We find that the energy corrections due to EDM for the two ions differ by an unexpectedly large factor of 15. We demonstrate that a major part of this enhancement is due to a dissimilarity in the nature of the chemical bond for the two ions: the bond that is nearly of ionic character in HBr(+) exhibits predominantly a covalent nature in HI(+). We conclude that because of this enhancement the HI(+) ion may be a potentially competitive candidate for the EDM search.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Ravaine
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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31
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Abstract
We describe our high-resolution measurements of the 133Cs 6p (2)P(3/2) state hyperfine structure. An optically narrowed diode laser excites perpendicularly a highly collimated atomic beam. The spectra are calibrated with a stable reference diode laser using a rf locking scheme allowing us to determine the splittings with an accuracy of < or =2 kHz, an order of magnitude better than previous results. The magnetic dipole a, electric quadrupole b, and magnetic octupole c hyperfine coupling constants are determined. The values we obtained are a=50.288 27(23) MHz, b=-0.4934(17) MHz, and c=0.56(7) kHz. This work represents the first observation of the magnetic octupole moment of the cesium nucleus. We carry out atomic-structure calculations and determine the nuclear electric quadrupole moment Q= -3.55(4) mb and nuclear magnetic octupole moment Omega=0.82(10) b x mu(N).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Gerginov
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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32
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Porsev SG, Derevianko A. Accurate relativistic many-body calculations of van der Waals coefficients C8 and C10 for alkali-metal dimers. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1578052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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33
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Derevianko A, Porsev SG, Kotochigova S, Tiesinga E, Julienne PS. Ultracold collision properties of metastable alkaline-earth atoms. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 90:063002. [PMID: 12633291 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.063002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ultracold collisions of spin-polarized 24Mg, 40Ca, and 88Sr in the metastable 3P2 excited state are investigated based on molecular potentials obtained from ab initio calculations. We calculate the long-range interaction potentials and estimate the scattering length and the collisional loss rate as a function of magnetic field. The scattering lengths show resonance behavior due to the appearance of a molecular bound state in a purely long-range interaction potential and are positive for magnetic fields below 50 mT. A loss-rate model shows that losses should be smallest near zero magnetic field and for fields slightly larger than the resonance field, where the scattering length is also positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Derevianko
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
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34
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35
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Derevianko A. Reconciliation of the measurement of parity nonconservation in Cs with the standard model. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 85:1618-1621. [PMID: 10970572 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/1999] [Revised: 05/08/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Contributions from the Breit interaction in atomic structure calculations account for 1.3sigma of the previously reported 2. 5sigma deviation from the standard model in the 133Cs weak charge [S. C. Bennett and C. E. Wieman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 2484 (1999)]. The updated corrections for the neutron distribution reduce the discrepancy further to 1.0sigma. The updated value of the weak charge is Q(W)(133Cs) = -72.65(28)(expt)(34)(theor).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Derevianko
- Institute for Theoretical Atomic and Molecular Physics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 0213821 August 2000
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36
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Derevianko A, Hemmers O, Oblad S, Glans P, Wang H, Whitfield SB, Wehlitz R, Sellin IA, Johnson WR, Lindle DW. Electric-octupole and pure-electric-quadrupole effects in soft-X-Ray photoemission. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:2116-2119. [PMID: 11017222 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.2116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Second-order [ O(k(2)), k = omega/c] nondipole effects in soft-x-ray photoemission are demonstrated via an experimental and a theoretical study of angular distributions of neon valence photoelectrons in the 100-1200 eV photon-energy range. A newly derived theoretical expression for nondipolar angular distributions characterizes the second-order effects using four new parameters with primary contributions from pure-quadrupole and octupole-dipole interference terms. Independent-particle calculations of these parameters account for a significant portion of the existing discrepancy between experiment and theory for Ne 2p first-order nondipole parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Derevianko
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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37
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Abstract
The role of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) as potent agonist of the PMN respiratory burst signal transduction cascade has been described. We hypothesized that this phenomenon is self-limiting and that polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)-derived reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) might provide feedback regulation on the IL-1beta surface receptor (IL-1betaR)-G-protein-effector enzyme transducing tripartite complex that ultimately leads to NADPH oxidase activation. Therefore, we separately assessed either baseline or IL-1beta-induced activation of each member of the IL-1betaR-G-protein-phospholipase D (PLD) or IL-1betaR-G-protein-phospholipase C (PLC) signaling systems in the presence or absence of one of several specific ROI scavengers/antioxidants. Purified human PMN were lipopolysaccharide primed, adhered for 2 h, and stimulated with 100 ng/mL IL-1beta with or without 1% v/v dimethyl sulfoxide, 10 mM NaN3, 30 mM L-alanine, 200 U catalase, or 300 U superoxide dismutase (SOD). To validate the use of these antioxidants, the production of O2-, H2O2, hypochlorous acid, or myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the employed experimental model was confirmed in a separate set of experiments. The expression of IL-1betaR type I or II was assessed by binding with corresponding 125I-labeled monoclonal antibodies and corrected for nonspecific binding. PLD activation was assessed by measuring phosphatidyl ethanol formation in the presence of ethanol. PLC activation was determined by quantitative measurement of diacylglycerol. The level of Galpha stimulatory and inhibitory subunits was assessed by Western blotting. IL-1betaR type I expression was significantly up-regulated in the presence of catalase and SOD. PLD activation was increased by dimethyl sulfoxide and NaN3, and PLC activation was up-regulated by NaN3, L-alanine, SOD, and catalase. After 5 min of stimulation with IL-1beta, Gialpha expression was significantly down-regulated by NaN3 and SOD, whereas SOD had an up-regulating effect on the expression of Gs alpha. Increasing concentrations of externally added authentic MPO progressively down-regulated both PLD and PLC activity. Thus, PMN-derived ROI, in addition to their role as antibacterial/fungal agents, serve as second messengers in IL-1beta signal transduction, with MPO having the most ubiquitous role as a modulator of PMN second messenger pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Derevianko
- Department of Surgery, Brown University Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence 02903, USA
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Derevianko A, D'Amico R, Graeber T, Keeping H, Simms HH. Endogenous PMN-derived reactive oxygen intermediates provide feedback regulation on respiratory burst signal transduction. J Leukoc Biol 1997; 62:268-76. [PMID: 9261341 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.62.2.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in stemming systemic infection is executed mainly by the utilization of molecular O2 leading to the production of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI). PMN-derived ROI also serve as intra- and extracellular second messengers providing both positive and negative feedback on cellular autoregulation. We investigated the effect of endogenous ROI on two signal transducing pathways: the receptor (R)-G-protein-phospholipase D (PLD) and receptor (R)-G-protein-phospholipase C pathways responsible for the subsequent interleukin-8 (IL-8)-induced PMN respiratory burst. Purified human PMN were primed with LPS adhered to plastic surfaces and stimulated with IL-8 with or without the presence of each of five different selective ROI scavengers/antioxidants: DMSO, N(a)N3, L-alanine, catalase, or superoxide dismutase. Total IL-8 surface receptor expression was assessed by 125I-IL-8 and 125I-labeled mAbs against IL-8R type A and B binding assays; PLD activation was assessed by measuring formation of phosphatidyl ethanol (PEt) in the presence of ethanol; PLC activation was measured by quantitative conversion of [32P]ATP-labeled phosphatidic acid (PA) into diacylglycerol (DAG); expression of G alpha-inhibitory subunit was assessed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting with polyclonal Abs against this subunit. Production of O2-, H2O2, HClO, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the experimental model was confirmed in a separate set of experiments. The overall impact of antioxidants on each component of the transducing tripartite complex was stimulatory; however, N(a)N3 and SOD exhibited the most ubiquitous effect with consistent up-regulation by N(a)N3 of IL-8R expression, whereas even trace amounts of externally added authentic MPO significantly down-regulated the functional activity of both effector enzymes. These results demonstrate a multiple site-specific targeting of the signal-transducing complex by endogenous PMN-derived ROI and an overall protective effect of ROI scavengers/antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Derevianko
- Brown University School of Medicine/Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Surgery, Providence 02903, USA
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39
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Abstract
The kinetics of IL-8, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and IL-1 beta release by PMN adhered to fibronectin, laminin or plastic for 24 h in response to continuous stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 50 ng/ml), N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP; 100 mM), or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA; 10 ng/ml), was investigated under altered oxygen tension conditions. Cell supernatants were sampled for cytokine content every 6 h and measured by ELISA. IL-8 was the most abundant cytokine, produced in a range of up to 5.4 ng/ml; TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta were produced in a range of up to 1 ng/ml. During normoxia, LPS was the most potent stimulus, inducing the release of each cytokine, while fMLP showed a less pronounced effect on IL-8 and IL-1 beta production and markedly inhibited TNF-alpha production. PMA markedly suppressed IL-8 and IL-1 beta release and failed to induce any release of TNF-alpha. Hypoxia had an overall inhibitory effect on cytokine release except for PMA-induced IL-1 beta release, and hypoxia/reoxygenation had a significant up-regulating effect except for a further inhibition of fMLP-induced release of TNF-alpha. Integrinmatrix protein ligation differentiated both spontaneous and externally induced cytokine release and its sensitivity to alteration in oxygen tension. Thus the process of PMN elaboration of inflammatory cytokines is controlled on multiple levels of signal transduction, differentiated by integrin-extracellular matrix interactions, and is sensitive to alterations in microenvironmental oxygen tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Derevianko
- Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital/Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, USA
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Derevianko A, Graeber T, D'Amico R, Simms H. Altered oxygen tension modulates cytokine-induced signal transduction in polymorphonuclear leukocytes: regulation of the G PLC pathway. J Surg Res 1996; 62:32-40. [PMID: 8606506 DOI: 10.1006/jsre.1996.0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of these studies was to examine the sensitivity of the PIP 2-PLC-transducing pathway (GPLC) and its relationship to the respiratory burst in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) stimulated by IL-8, TNF-alpha, or IL-1 beta during sequential changes in buffer oxygen tension from normoxia (pO2 = 180-200 mm Hg), to hypoxia (pO2 < 30 mm Hg) and then reoxygenation (pO2 > 140 mm Hg). Our specific hypothesis was that altered oxygen tensions would regulate the G PLC pathway in human PMN. G PLC activity was assayed by investigating phospholipase C activity by measuring inositol phosphates and diacylglycerol (DAG) formation. Respiratory burst activity was assayed as O 2 production and NADPH oxidase activation in intact PMN and in a cell-free system, respectively, and correlated separately to both early and late DAG production. At 1 min, DAG formation during normoxia was decreased by IL-8 plus fibronectin while hypoxia had no regulatory effect on control of DAG formation by any of the cytokines. In contrast to early DAG formation, hypoxia significantly downregulated late DAG formation induced by buffer without fibronectin, IL-8 plus fibronectin, and IL-1 beta with or without fibronectin. Hypoxia/reoxygenation in and of itself significantly increased DAG formation vs levels seen in the presence or absence of IL-8, TNF-alpha, or IL-1 beta with or without fibronectin. Changes in early DAG production during the alterations in oxygen tension correlated best with corresponding changes in O 2 production in intact cells, whereas late DAG production correlated best with NADPH oxidase activation assayed in the cell-free system. Thus, changes in oxygen tension can directly modulate the extent of the PMN response to stimulation by IL-8, TNF-alpha, or IL-1 beta and the G PLC-receptor pathway is particularly regulated by physiologically relevant periods of hypoxia/reoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Derevianko
- Department of Surgery, Brown University Medical School/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence 02903, USA
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Derevianko A, Graeber T, D'Amico R, Simms HH. Altered oxygen tension modulates cytokine-induced signal transduction in polymorphonuclear leukocytes: regulation of the GPLD pathway. Shock 1996; 5:97-105. [PMID: 8705396 DOI: 10.1097/00024382-199602000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of alterations in buffer oxygen tensions from normoxia (PO2 = 180-200 mm/Hg) to hypoxia (PO2 < 30 mm/HG) and then reoxygenation (PO2 > 140 mmHg) on the GPLD-pathway by measuring phosphatidylethanol formation in the presence of ethanol and subsequent NADPH oxidase activation and O2-production in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). Experiments were performed with PMN stimulated with either interleukin (IL)-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, or IL-1 beta in the presence or absence of fibronectin. Hypoxia exerted a downregulating effect on this pathway and reoxygenation restored GPLD activation to levels seen during normoxia; however, supraphysiological concentrations of cytokines were able to reverse this pattern. Changes in GPLD activation correlated best with changes in O2-production during the hypoxia to hypoxia/reoxygenation transition induced by TNF-alpha-Fn and IL-1 beta +/- Fn. Thus, changes in oxygen tension can directly modulate the extent of the PMN response to stimulation by IL-8, TNF-alpha, or IL-1 beta, and activation of the GPLD-pathway appears to be highly sensitive to hypoxia and hypoxia/reoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Derevianko
- Brown University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence 02903, USA
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Derevianko A, Oks E. Generalized theory of ion impact broadening in magnetized plasmas and its applications for tokamaks. Phys Rev Lett 1994; 73:2059-2062. [PMID: 10056961 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.73.2059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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