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Prat E, Al Haddad A, Arrell C, Augustin S, Boll M, Bostedt C, Calvi M, Cavalieri AL, Craievich P, Dax A, Dijkstal P, Ferrari E, Follath R, Ganter R, Geng Z, Hiller N, Huppert M, Ischebeck R, Juranić P, Kittel C, Knopp G, Malyzhenkov A, Marcellini F, Neppl S, Reiche S, Sammut N, Schietinger T, Schmidt T, Schnorr K, Trisorio A, Vicario C, Voulot D, Wang G, Weilbach T. An X-ray free-electron laser with a highly configurable undulator and integrated chicanes for tailored pulse properties. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5069. [PMID: 37604879 PMCID: PMC10442322 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40759-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) are state-of-the-art scientific tools capable to study matter on the scale of atomic processes. Since the initial operation of X-ray FELs more than a decade ago, several facilities with upgraded performance have been put in operation. Here we present the first lasing results of Athos, the soft X-ray FEL beamline of SwissFEL at the Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland. Athos features an undulator layout based on short APPLE-X modules providing full polarisation control, interleaved with small magnetic chicanes. This versatile configuration allows for many operational modes, giving control over many FEL properties. We show, for example, a 35% reduction of the required undulator length to achieve FEL saturation with respect to standard undulator configurations. We also demonstrate the generation of more powerful pulses than the ones obtained in typical undulators. Athos represents a fundamental step forward in the design of FEL facilities, creating opportunities in FEL-based sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Prat
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
| | | | | | - Sven Augustin
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Marco Boll
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Bostedt
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Calvi
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Adrian L Cavalieri
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Andreas Dax
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Eugenio Ferrari
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Follath
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Romain Ganter
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Zheqiao Geng
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Hiller
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Martin Huppert
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Pavle Juranić
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Kittel
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- University of Malta, MSD2080, Msida, Malta
| | - Gregor Knopp
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Malyzhenkov
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- CERN, CH-1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - Stefan Neppl
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Sven Reiche
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Thomas Schmidt
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Carlo Vicario
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Didier Voulot
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Guanglei Wang
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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Ju J, Ge X, Zhang W, Dang F, Zhou Y, Yang F, Yuan C, Cheng X, Zhang Q, He J. Coherent Combining of Phase-Steerable High Power Microwaves Generated by Two X-Band Triaxial Klystron Amplifiers with Pulsed Magnetic Fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:085002. [PMID: 36898115 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.085002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the first experimental demonstration of coherent combining of phase-steerable high power microwaves (HPMs) generated by X-band relativistic triaxial klystron amplifier modules under the guidance of pulsed magnetic fields. Electronically agile manipulation of the HPM phase is achieved with a mean discrepancy of 4° at the gain level of 110 dB, and the coherent combining efficiency has reached as high as 98.4%, leading to combined radiations with equivalent peak power of 4.3 GW and average pulse duration of 112 ns. The underlying phase-steering mechanism during the nonlinear beam-wave interaction process is furthermore explored by particle-in-cell simulation and theoretical analysis. This Letter paves the way for high power phase array in large scale and may stimulate new interest in research of phase-steerable high power masers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchuan Ju
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Xingjun Ge
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Fangchao Dang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Yunxiao Zhou
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Fuxiang Yang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Chengwei Yuan
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Xinbing Cheng
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Juntao He
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
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3
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Abstract
The Shanghai soft X-ray Free-Electron Laser facility (SXFEL), which is the first X-ray FEL facility in China, is being constructed in two phases: the test facility (SXFEL-TF) and the user facility (SXFEL-UF). The test facility was initiated in 2006 and funded in 2014. The commissioning of the test facility was finished in 2020. The user facility was funded in 2016 to upgrade the accelerator energy and build two undulator lines with five experimental end-stations. The output photon energy of the user facility will cover the whole water window range. This paper presents an overview of the SXFEL facility, including considerations of the upgrade, layout and design, construction status, commissioning progress and future plans.
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4
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Honda Y, Adachi M, Eguchi S, Fukuda M, Higashi N, Kato R, Miura T, Miyajima T, Nagahashi S, Nakamura N, Nigorikawa K, Nogami T, Obina T, Sagehashi H, Sakai H, Shimada M, Shioya T, Takai R, Tanaka O, Tanimoto Y, Tsuchiya K, Uchiyama T, Ueda A, Yamamoto M, Zhou D, Kakehata M, Sato T, Yashiro H, Hajima R. Construction and commissioning of mid-infrared self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser at compact energy recovery linac. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:113101. [PMID: 34852565 DOI: 10.1063/5.0072511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The mid-infrared range is an important spectrum range where materials exhibit a characteristic response corresponding to their molecular structure. A free-electron laser (FEL) is a promising candidate for a high-power light source with wavelength tunability to investigate the nonlinear response of materials. Although the self-amplification spontaneous emission (SASE) scheme is not usually adopted in the mid-infrared wavelength range, it may have advantages such as layout simplicity, the possibility of producing a single pulse, and scalability to a short-wavelength facility. To demonstrate the operation of a mid-infrared SASE FEL system in an energy recovery linac (ERL) layout, we constructed an SASE FEL setup in cERL, a test facility of the superconducting linac with the ERL configuration. Despite the adverse circumstance of space charge effects due to the given boundary condition of the facility, we successfully established the beam condition at the undulators and observed FEL emission at a wavelength of 20 μm. The results show that the layout of cERL has the potential for serving as a mid-infrared light source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Honda
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Masahiro Adachi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shu Eguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Masafumi Fukuda
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Nao Higashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Ryukou Kato
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Takako Miura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Miyajima
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shinya Nagahashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Norio Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Nigorikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Takashi Nogami
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Takashi Obina
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hidenori Sagehashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakai
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Miho Shimada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Shioya
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Ryota Takai
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Olga Tanaka
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Yasunori Tanimoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Kimichika Tsuchiya
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Takashi Uchiyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Akira Ueda
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Demin Zhou
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kakehata
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Tadatake Sato
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Yashiro
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Hajima
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan
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Advanced Scheme to Generate MHz, Fully Coherent FEL Pulses at nm Wavelength. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11136058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Current FEL development efforts aim at improving the control of coherence at high repetition rate while keeping the wavelength tunability. Seeding schemes, like HGHG and EEHG, allow for the generation of fully coherent FEL pulses, but the powerful external seed laser required limits the repetition rate that can be achieved. In turn, this impacts the average brightness and the amount of statistics that experiments can do. In order to solve this issue, here we take a unique approach and discuss the use of one or more optical cavities to seed the electron bunches accelerated in a superconducting linac to modulate their energy. Like standard seeding schemes, the cavity is followed by a dispersive section, which manipulates the longitudinal phase space of the electron bunches, inducing longitudinal density modulations with high harmonic content that undergo the FEL process in an amplifier placed downstream. We will discuss technical requirements for implementing these setups and their operation range based on numerical simulations.
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6
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Yan J, Gao Z, Qi Z, Zhang K, Zhou K, Liu T, Chen S, Feng C, Li C, Feng L, Lan T, Zhang W, Wang X, Li X, Jiang Z, Wang B, Wang Z, Gu D, Zhang M, Deng H, Gu Q, Leng Y, Yin L, Liu B, Wang D, Zhao Z. Self-Amplification of Coherent Energy Modulation in Seeded Free-Electron Lasers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:084801. [PMID: 33709748 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.084801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The spectroscopic techniques for time-resolved fine analysis of matter require coherent x-ray radiation with femtosecond duration and high average brightness. Seeded free-electron lasers (FELs), which use the frequency up-conversion of an external seed laser to improve temporal coherence, are ideal for providing fully coherent soft x-ray pulses. However, it is difficult to operate seeded FELs at a high repetition rate due to the limitations of present state-of-the-art laser systems. Here, we report a novel self-modulation method for enhancing laser-induced energy modulation, thereby significantly reducing the requirement of an external laser system. Driven by this scheme, we experimentally realize high harmonic generation in a seeded FEL using an unprecedentedly small external laser-induced energy modulation. An electron beam with a laser-induced energy modulation as small as 1.8 times the slice energy spread is used for lasing at the seventh harmonic of a 266-nm seed laser in a single-stage high-gain harmonic generation (HGHG) setup and the 30th harmonic of the seed laser in a two-stage HGHG setup. The results mark a major step toward a high-repetition-rate, fully coherent x-ray FEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhangfeng Gao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zheng Qi
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Kaiqing Zhang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Kaishang Zhou
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Si Chen
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lie Feng
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Taihe Lan
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wenyan Zhang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xingtao Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zenggong Jiang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Baoliang Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Duan Gu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Haixiao Deng
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qiang Gu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yongbin Leng
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lixin Yin
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhentang Zhao
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
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Prat E, Reiche S. A simple and compact scheme to enhance the brightness of self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron-lasers. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:1085-1091. [PMID: 31274431 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519005435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A simple and compact scheme that enhances the brightness of self-amplified spontaneous-emission (SASE) free-electron lasers is presented. The method combines the high-brightness SASE scheme and the optical klystron concept to increase the temporal coherence of the produced radiation and to reduce the required length of the undulator beamline at the same time. The scheme is very simple and only requires compact chicanes between the modules of the undulator beamline. Simulations show that, in comparison with SASE, the brightness can be improved by up to a factor of ten and the required length to achieve saturation can be reduced by 20% or more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Prat
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Sven Reiche
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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8
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Schoenlein R, Elsaesser T, Holldack K, Huang Z, Kapteyn H, Murnane M, Woerner M. Recent advances in ultrafast X-ray sources. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2019; 377:20180384. [PMID: 30929633 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2018.0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Over more than a century, X-rays have transformed our understanding of the fundamental structure of matter and have been an indispensable tool for chemistry, physics, biology, materials science and related fields. Recent advances in ultrafast X-ray sources operating in the femtosecond to attosecond regimes have opened an important new frontier in X-ray science. These advances now enable: (i) sensitive probing of structural dynamics in matter on the fundamental timescales of atomic motion, (ii) element-specific probing of electronic structure and charge dynamics on fundamental timescales of electronic motion, and (iii) powerful new approaches for unravelling the coupling between electronic and atomic structural dynamics that underpin the properties and function of matter. Most notable is the recent realization of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) with numerous new XFEL facilities in operation or under development worldwide. Advances in XFELs are complemented by advances in synchrotron-based and table-top laser-plasma X-ray sources now operating in the femtosecond regime, and laser-based high-order harmonic XUV sources operating in the attosecond regime. This article is part of the theme issue 'Measurement of ultrafast electronic and structural dynamics with X-rays'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Schoenlein
- 1 SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 , USA
| | - Thomas Elsaesser
- 2 Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Karsten Holldack
- 3 Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Zhirong Huang
- 1 SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 , USA
| | - Henry Kapteyn
- 4 Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309-0440 , USA
| | - Margaret Murnane
- 4 Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309-0440 , USA
| | - Michael Woerner
- 2 Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie , 12489 Berlin , Germany
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10
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11
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Prat E, Calvi M, Ganter R, Reiche S, Schietinger T, Schmidt T. Undulator beamline optimization with integrated chicanes for X-ray free-electron-laser facilities. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2016; 23:861-8. [PMID: 27359133 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577516007165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
An optimization of the undulator layout of X-ray free-electron-laser (FEL) facilities based on placing small chicanes between the undulator modules is presented. The installation of magnetic chicanes offers the following benefits with respect to state-of-the-art FEL facilities: reduction of the required undulator length to achieve FEL saturation, improvement of the longitudinal coherence of the FEL pulses, and the ability to produce shorter FEL pulses with higher power levels. Numerical simulations performed for the soft X-ray beamline of the SwissFEL facility show that optimizing the advantages of the layout requires shorter undulator modules than the standard ones. This proposal allows a very compact undulator beamline that produces fully coherent FEL pulses and it makes possible new kinds of experiments that require very short and high-power FEL pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Prat
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Marco Calvi
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Romain Ganter
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Sven Reiche
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas Schmidt
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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