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Jiang CY, Wang Y, Ding ZF, Shu L. Low-temperature behaviors of the dipolar magnet Dy 3Sb 3Zn 2O 14with a strongly site-mixing disordered kagome lattice. J Phys Condens Matter 2024; 36:315801. [PMID: 38655737 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad424b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Interesting behaviors may emerge in the magnetic frustrated materials with significant site-mixing disorder. We present the results of the structural, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat measurements of Dy3Sb3Zn2O14with ∼20%Dy/Zn site-mixing disorder, which results in either a diluted 2D triangular lattice, or an intermediate structure between the kagome and pyrochlore lattice. In addition to the sharp anomaly of the temperature dependence of specific heat atT∼0.35 K, which was attributed to the emergent charge order state for the sample with less disorder, a broad peak atT∼1.5 K, and a small hump belowT∼0.1 K are observed. The measured temperature dependence of specific heat and the Monte Carlo simulation suggest that the magnetic frustration persists despite of a strong site-mixing disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Z F Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - L Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, People's Republic of China
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2
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Yang ZW, Zhang J, Liu B, Zhang X, Lu D, Zhao H, Pi M, Cui H, Zeng YJ, Pan Z, Shen Y, Li S, Long Y. Exceptional Magnetocaloric Responses in a Gadolinium Silicate with Strongly Correlated Spin Disorder for Sub-Kelvin Magnetic Cooling. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2306842. [PMID: 38353512 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The development of magnetocaloric materials with a significantly enhanced volumetric cooling capability is highly desirable for the application of adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators in confined spatial environments. Here, the thermodynamic characteristics of a magnetically frustrated spin-7/2 Gd9.33[SiO4]6O2 is presented, which exhibits strongly correlated spin disorder below ≈1.5 K. A quantitative model is proposed to describe the magnetization results by incorporating nearest-neighbor Heisenberg antiferromagnetic and dipolar interactions. Remarkably, the recorded magnetocaloric responses are unprecedentedly large and applicable below 1.0 K. It is proposed that the S = 7/2 spin liquids serve as versatile platforms for investigating high-performance magnetocaloric materials in the sub-kelvin regime, particularly those exhibiting a superior cooling power per unit volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu W Yang
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dabiao Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haoting Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Maocai Pi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongzhi Cui
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yu-Jia Zeng
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhao Pan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yao Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shiliang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Youwen Long
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
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3
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Koskelo EC, Kelly ND, Nagle-Cocco LAV, Bocarsly JD, Mukherjee P, Liu C, Zhang Q, Dutton SE. Magnetic and Magnetocaloric Properties of the A 2LnSbO 6 Lanthanide Oxides on the Frustrated fcc Lattice. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37326623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Frustrated lanthanide oxides are promising candidates for cryogen-free magnetic refrigeration due to their suppressed ordering temperatures and high magnetic moments. While much attention has been paid to the garnet and pyrochlore lattices, the magnetocaloric effect in frustrated face-centered cubic (fcc) lattices remains relatively unexplored. We previously showed that the frustrated fcc double perovskite Ba2GdSbO6 is a top-performing magnetocaloric material (per mol Gd) because of its small nearest-neighbor interaction between spins. Here we investigate different tuning parameters to maximize the magnetocaloric effect in the family of fcc lanthanide oxides, A2LnSbO6 (A = {Ba2+, Sr2+} and Ln = {Nd3+, Tb3+, Gd3+, Ho3+, Dy3+, Er3+}), including chemical pressure via the A site cation and the magnetic ground state via the lanthanide ion. Bulk magnetic measurements indicate a possible trend between magnetic short-range fluctuations and the field-temperature phase space of the magnetocaloric effect, determined by whether an ion is a Kramers or a non-Kramers ion. We report for the first time on the synthesis and magnetic characterization of the Ca2LnSbO6 series with tunable site disorder that can be used to control the deviations from Curie-Weiss behavior. Taken together, these results suggest fcc lanthanide oxides as tunable systems for magnetocaloric design.
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Affiliation(s)
- EliseAnne C Koskelo
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola D Kelly
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Liam A V Nagle-Cocco
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua D Bocarsly
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Paromita Mukherjee
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Siân E Dutton
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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4
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Jiang N, Zhou J, Hao XL, Li J, Zhang D, Bacsa J, Choi ES, Ramanathan A, Baumbach RE, Li H, Brédas JL, Han Y, La Pierre HS. Ground-State Spin Dynamics in d1 Kagome-Lattice Titanium Fluorides. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:207-215. [PMID: 36534963 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Many quantum magnetic materials suffer from structural imperfections. The effects of structural disorder on bulk properties are difficult to assess systematically from a chemical perspective due to the complexities of chemical synthesis. The recently reported S = 1/2 kagome lattice antiferromagnet, (CH3NH3)2NaTi3F12, 1-Ti, with highly symmetric kagome layers and disordered interlayer methylammonium cations, shows no magnetic ordering down to 0.1 K. To study the impact of structural disorder in the titanium fluoride kagome compounds, (CH3NH3)2KTi3F12, 2-Ti, was prepared. It presents no detectable structural disorder and only a small degree of distortion of the kagome lattice. The methylammonium disorder model of 1-Ti and order in 2-Ti were confirmed by atomic-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The antiferromagnetic interactions and band structures of both compounds were calculated based on spin-polarized density functional theory and support the magnetic structure analysis. Three spin-glass-like (SGL) transitions were observed in 2-Ti at 0.5, 1.4, and 2.3 K, while a single SGL transition can be observed in 1-Ti at 0.8 K. The absolute values of the Curie-Weiss temperatures of both 1-Ti (-139.5(7) K) and 2-Ti (-83.5(7) K) are larger than the SGL transition temperatures, which is indicative of geometrically frustrated spin glass (GFSG) states. All the SGL transitions are quenched with an applied field >0.1 T, which indicates novel magnetic phases emerge under small applied magnetic fields. The well-defined structure and the lack of structural disorder in 2-Ti suggest that 2-Ti is an ideal model compound for studying GFSG states and the potential transitions between spin liquid and GFSG states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningxin Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332-0400, United States
| | - Jinfei Zhou
- Multi-scale Porous Materials Center, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Li Hao
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332-0400, United States
| | - Jingwei Li
- Multi-scale Porous Materials Center, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, P. R. China
| | - Daliang Zhang
- Multi-scale Porous Materials Center, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, P. R. China
| | - John Bacsa
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332-0400, United States
| | - Eun Sang Choi
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida32310, United States
| | - Arun Ramanathan
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332-0400, United States
| | - Ryan E Baumbach
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida32310, United States.,Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida32306, United States
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona85721-0088, United States
| | - Jean-Luc Brédas
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona85721-0088, United States
| | - Yu Han
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials (AMPM) Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Henry S La Pierre
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332-0400, United States.,Nuclear and Radiological Engineering and Medical Physics Program, School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia30332-0400, United States
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5
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Oyeka E, Tran TT. Single-Ion Behavior in New 2-D and 3-D Gadolinium 4f 7 Materials: CsGd(SO 4) 2 and Cs[Gd(H 2O) 3(SO 4) 2]·H 2O. ACS Org Inorg Au 2022; 2:502-510. [PMID: 36855531 PMCID: PMC9955392 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.2c00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The recent creation of 4f7 gadolinium materials has enabled vital studies of the free-ion properties of the Gd(III) cations. While the 8 S ground state in a trivalent Gd compound is, in principle, isotropic, it has been demonstrated that there is a residual orbital angular momentum affected by the crystal field and structural distortion in certain systems. By exploiting the atomistic control innate to material growth, we address a fundamental question of how the isotropic nature of Gd(III) is preserved in different dimensionalities of crystal structures. To achieve this, we designed two new trivalent Gd materials possessing two structurally distinct features, a 2-D CsGd(SO4)2 and a 3-D Cs[Gd(H2O)3(SO4)2]·H2O. The tunability of the structural dimension is facilitated by O-H---O hydrogen bonds. The structural divergence between the two compounds allows us to investigate each material individually and make a comparison between them regarding their physical properties as a function of lattice dimension. Our results demonstrate that structural dimensions have a negligible effect on the single-ion behavior of the materials. Magnetization measurements for the Gd(III) complexes yielded paramagnetic states with the isotropic spin-only nature. Specific heat data suggest that there is a lack of magnetic phase transition down to T = 1.8 K, and coupled lattice vibrations in the materials are attributable to strong covalent bonding characters of the (SO4)2- and H2O ligands. This work offers a pathway for retaining the single-ion property of Gd(III) while constructing the large spin magnetic moment S = 7/2 in large-scale extended frameworks.
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6
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Muttalib KA, Barry JH. Frustration in a generalized kagomé Ising antiferromagnet: Exact results. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:014149. [PMID: 35974653 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.014149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We obtain the exact ground-state phase diagram of a generalized kagomé antiferromagnet with both pair and triplet interactions, J_{2} and J_{3}, respectively, in the presence of a magnetic field h appropriately tuned. We find that when the pair interaction J_{2}<0 dominates, the ground state is geometrically frustrated; on the other hand, the ground state is disordered but not frustrated when the triplet interaction J_{3} dominates, the boundaries between the two cases being at J_{3}=±J_{2}. The exact ground-state crossover lines between the two distinct types of disorder remain identifiable crossover curves at finite temperatures. In the frustrated domain, the ground state of the three-parameter model is identical to the ground state of the prototype one-parameter (J_{2}<0) model of geometrical frustration. Towards further understanding the frustration domain of the three-parameter model, a closed-form approximation (exact at zero temperature) determines solutions on a two-parameter subspace for induced magnetization and parallel magnetic susceptibility at finite fields h and temperatures T, the inverse susceptibility showing a Curie-Weiss behavior. We argue that the existence of an exact T=0 threshold magnetic field, below which the magnetization remains zero, indicates the existence of a gapped spectrum attributable to the presence of the triplet interaction J_{3}.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Muttalib
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118440, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8440, USA
| | - J H Barry
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118440, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8440, USA
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Abstract
Chalcogenide borates have been developed and are considered an attractive system due to their favorable physical properties such as magnetism and nonlinear optical effects. Here, isostructural RE6Nb2MgSB8O26 (RE = La-Nd) compounds in the title family have been obtained through cation regulation in rare-earth and VB group metals. This family crystalizes in the centrosymmetric P3̅ space group and features 3D frameworks formed by {[Mg(NbB4O13)2]16-}∞ polyanionic layers and QRE6 octahedra. The structural chemistry was characterized and theoretical calculations were performed to understand the structural merit of this family. In addition, RE6Nb2MgSB8O26 possess the largest band gaps among known rare-earth chalcogenide borates, and they all show antiferromagnetic-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Ling Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Long Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hui Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Ping Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Abstract
Quantum spin liquids are an exciting playground for exotic physical phenomena and emergent many-body quantum states. The realization and discovery of quantum spin liquid candidate materials and associated phenomena lie at the intersection of solid-state chemistry, condensed matter physics, and materials science and engineering. In this review, we provide the current status of the crystal chemistry, synthetic techniques, physical properties, and research methods in the field of quantum spin liquids. We highlight a number of specific quantum spin liquid candidate materials and their structure-property relationships, elucidating their fascinating behavior and connecting it to the intricacies of their structures. Furthermore, we share our thoughts on defects and their inevitable presence in materials, of which quantum spin liquids are no exception, which can complicate the interpretation of characterization of these materials, and urge the community to extend their attention to materials preparation and data analysis, cognizant of the impact of defects. This review was written with the intention of providing guidance on improving the materials design and growth of quantum spin liquids, and to paint a picture of the beauty of the underlying chemistry of this exciting class of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan R Chamorro
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Institute for Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Tyrel M McQueen
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Institute for Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Thao T Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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Dun Z, Bai X, Paddison JAM, Hollingworth E, Butch NP, Cruz CD, Stone MB, Hong T, Demmel F, Mourigal M, Zhou H. Quantum Versus Classical Spin Fragmentation in Dipolar Kagome Ice Ho 3Mg 2Sb 3O 14. Phys Rev X 2020; 10:10.1103/PhysRevX.10.031069. [PMID: 37731951 PMCID: PMC10510738 DOI: 10.1103/physrevx.10.031069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
A promising route to realize entangled magnetic states combines geometrical frustration with quantum-tunneling effects. Spin-ice materials are canonical examples of frustration, and Ising spins in a transverse magnetic field are the simplest many-body model of quantum tunneling. Here, we show that the tripod-kagome lattice material Ho3Mg2Sb3O14 unites an icelike magnetic degeneracy with quantum-tunneling terms generated by an intrinsic splitting of the Ho3+ ground-state doublet, which is further coupled to a nuclear spin bath. Using neutron scattering and thermodynamic experiments, we observe a symmetry-breaking transition at T * ≈ 0.32 K to a remarkable state with three peculiarities: a concurrent recovery of magnetic entropy associated with the strongly coupled electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom; a fragmentation of the spin into periodic and icelike components; and persistent inelastic magnetic excitations down to T ≈ 0.12 K . These observations deviate from expectations of classical spin fragmentation on a kagome lattice, but can be understood within a model of dipolar kagome ice under a homogeneous transverse magnetic field, which we survey with exact diagonalization on small clusters and mean-field calculations. In Ho3Mg2Sb3O14, hyperfine interactions dramatically alter the single-ion and collective properties, and suppress possible quantum correlations, rendering the fragmentation with predominantly single-ion quantum fluctuations. Our results highlight the crucial role played by hyperfine interactions in frustrated quantum magnets and motivate further investigations of the role of quantum fluctuations on partially ordered magnetic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Dun
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Xiaojian Bai
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Joseph A. M. Paddison
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Churchill College, University of Cambridge, Storey’s Way, Cambridge CB3 0DS, United Kingdom
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Emily Hollingworth
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | | | - Clarina D. Cruz
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Matthew B. Stone
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Tao Hong
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Franz Demmel
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Mourigal
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Haidong Zhou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
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10
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Zhao K, Deng H, Chen H, Ross KA, Petříček V, Günther G, Russina M, Hutanu V, Gegenwart P. Realization of the kagome spin ice state in a frustrated intermetallic compound. Science 2020; 367:1218-1223. [PMID: 32165582 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw1666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Spin ices are exotic phases of matter characterized by frustrated spins obeying local "ice rules," in analogy with the electric dipoles in water ice. In two dimensions, one can similarly define ice rules for in-plane Ising-like spins arranged on a kagome lattice. These ice rules require each triangle plaquette to have a single monopole and can lead to different types of orders and excitations. Using experimental and theoretical approaches including magnetometry, thermodynamic measurements, neutron scattering, and Monte Carlo simulations, we establish HoAgGe as a crystalline (i.e., nonartificial) system that realizes the kagome spin ice state. The system features a variety of partially and fully ordered states and a sequence of field-induced phases at low temperatures, all consistent with the kagome ice rule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Zhao
- Experimentalphysik VI, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Hao Deng
- Institute of Crystallography, RWTH Aachen University and Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Kate A Ross
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Vaclav Petříček
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gerrit Günther
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Margarita Russina
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vladimir Hutanu
- Institute of Crystallography, RWTH Aachen University and Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Philipp Gegenwart
- Experimentalphysik VI, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
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11
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Ashtar M, Guo J, Wan Z, Wang Y, Gong G, Liu Y, Su Y, Tian Z. A New Family of Disorder-Free Rare-Earth-Based Kagome Lattice Magnets: Structure and Magnetic Characterizations of RE3BWO9 (RE = Pr, Nd, Gd–Ho) Boratotungstates. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:5368-5376. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Malik Ashtar
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Centre, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
| | - Jinjin Guo
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Zongtang Wan
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Centre, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Gaoshang Gong
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Physics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Yuling Su
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoming Tian
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Centre, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
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12
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Ferreira T, Xing J, Sanjeewa LD, Sefat AS. Frustrated Magnetism in Triangular Lattice TlYbS 2 Crystals Grown via Molten Flux. Front Chem 2020; 8:127. [PMID: 32175311 PMCID: PMC7054481 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The triangular lattice compound TlYbS2 was prepared as large single crystals via a molten flux growth technique using sodium chloride. Anisotropic magnetic susceptibility measurements down to 0.4 K indicate a complete absence of long-range magnetic order. Despite this lack of long-range order, short-range antiferromagnetic interactions are evidenced through broad transitions, suggesting frustrated behavior. Variable magnetic field measurements reveal metamagnetic behavior at temperatures ≤2 K. Complex low temperature field-tunable magnetic behavior, in addition to no observable long-range order down to 0.4 K, suggest that TlYbS2 is a frustrated magnet and a possible quantum spin liquid candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Ferreira
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Jie Xing
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Liurukara D Sanjeewa
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Athena S Sefat
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
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13
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Chi Y, Xu J, Xue HG, Zhang Y, Chen X, Whangbo MH, Guo SP, Deng S. Triple-Kagomé-Layer Slabs of Mixed-Valence Rare-Earth Ions Exhibiting Quantum Spin Liquid Behaviors: Synthesis and Characterization of Eu9MgS2B20O41. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9533-9536. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chi
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory
of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huai-Guo Xue
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yueping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory
of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Research & Development Center for Functional Crystals, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Post Office Box 603, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Myung-Hwan Whangbo
- State Key Laboratory
of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
- State Key
Laboratory
of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Ping Guo
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuiquan Deng
- State Key Laboratory
of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Scheie A, Dasgupta S, Sanders M, Sakai A, Matsumoto Y, Prisk TR, Nakatsuji S, Cava RJ, Broholm C. Homogeneous reduced moment in a gapful scalar chiral kagome antiferromagnet. Phys Rev B 2019; 100:10.1103/physrevb.100.024414. [PMID: 38617197 PMCID: PMC11015473 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.100.024414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
We present a quantitative experimental investigation of the scalar chiral magnetic order with in Nd3Sb3Mg2O14. Static magnetization reveals a net ferromagnetic ground state, and inelastic neutron scattering from the hyperfine coupled nuclear spin reveals a local ordered moment of 1.76(6) μ B , just 61(2)% of the saturated moment size. The experiments exclude static disorder as the source of the reduced moment. A 38(1) μ eV gap in the magnetic excitation spectrum inferred from heat capacity rules out thermal fluctuations and suggests a multipolar explanation for the moment reduction. We compare Nd3Sb3Mg2O14 to Nd pyrochlores and show that Nd2Zr2O7 is in a spin fragmented state using nuclear Schottky heat capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scheie
- Institute for Quantum Matter and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - S Dasgupta
- Institute for Quantum Matter and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - M Sanders
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
| | - A Sakai
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Y Matsumoto
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - T R Prisk
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - S Nakatsuji
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - R J Cava
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
| | - C Broholm
- Institute for Quantum Matter and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
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15
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Schoop LM, Eger R, Kremer RK, Kuhn A, Nuss J, Lotsch BV. Structural Stability Diagram of ALnP2S6 Compounds (A = Na, K, Rb, Cs; Ln = Lanthanide). Inorg Chem 2017; 56:1121-1131. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie M. Schoop
- Max Planck Institute
for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr.
1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roland Eger
- Max Planck Institute
for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr.
1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Reinhard K. Kremer
- Max Planck Institute
for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr.
1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Max Planck Institute
for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr.
1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jürgen Nuss
- Max Planck Institute
for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr.
1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bettina V. Lotsch
- Max Planck Institute
for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr.
1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr.
5-13, 81377 München, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM) & Center for Nanoscience, Schellingstr. 4, 80799 München, Germany
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16
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Paddison JAM, Ong HS, Hamp JO, Mukherjee P, Bai X, Tucker MG, Butch NP, Castelnovo C, Mourigal M, Dutton SE. Emergent order in the kagome Ising magnet Dy 3Mg 2Sb 3O 14. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13842. [PMID: 27996012 PMCID: PMC5187434 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ising model—in which degrees of freedom (spins) are binary valued (up/down)—is a cornerstone of statistical physics that shows rich behaviour when spins occupy a highly frustrated lattice such as kagome. Here we show that the layered Ising magnet Dy3Mg2Sb3O14 hosts an emergent order predicted theoretically for individual kagome layers of in-plane Ising spins. Neutron-scattering and bulk thermomagnetic measurements reveal a phase transition at ∼0.3 K from a disordered spin-ice-like regime to an emergent charge ordered state, in which emergent magnetic charge degrees of freedom exhibit three-dimensional order while spins remain partially disordered. Monte Carlo simulations show that an interplay of inter-layer interactions, spin canting and chemical disorder stabilizes this state. Our results establish Dy3Mg2Sb3O14 as a tuneable system to study interacting emergent charges arising from kagome Ising frustration. Frustration in lattices of interacting spins can lead to rich and exotic physics, such as fractionalized excitations and emergent order. Here, the authors demonstrate a low-temperature transition from a disordered spin-ice-like phase to an emergent charge ordered phase in the bulk kagome Ising magnet Dy3Mg2Sb3O14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A M Paddison
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.,School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Harapan S Ong
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - James O Hamp
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Paromita Mukherjee
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Xiaojian Bai
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Matthew G Tucker
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK.,Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Nicholas P Butch
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Claudio Castelnovo
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Martin Mourigal
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - S E Dutton
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
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