1
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Wang Y, Wu M. Facile Coordination Transitions in AgCrX 2 (X = S, Se): Unprecedented Electrostrain, Negative Piezoelectricity and Thermal Expansion. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:9868-9873. [PMID: 39093303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The coefficients of piezoelectricity and thermal expansion are generally positive due to the bond anharmonicity. For converse piezoelectricity, the electrostrain obtained in prevalent ceramics is only around 1%. Here we propose that the coordination transition of metal cations may make a paradigm shift. Through first-principles calculations, we predict a series of low-energy phases with distinct coordinations for Ag ions in superionic conductor AgCrX2 (X = S, Se), including ferroelectric and nonpolar phases with distinct interlayer distances. The mobile feature of Ag ions, which can be attributed to its complex coordination chemistry, can facilitate transformation between various coordination phases. Such facile transitions with ultralow barriers can be driven by applying either pressure, an electric field, or a change in temperature, giving rise to various exotic effects, including electrostrain, negative piezoelectricity, and negative thermal expansion. All with unprecedented giant constants, those mechanisms stem from the coordination transitions, distinct from the weak linear effects in previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Wang
- School of Physics and School of Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Menghao Wu
- School of Physics and School of Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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2
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Wang JP, Chen X, Zhao Q, Fang Y, Liu Q, Fu J, Liu Y, Xu X, Zhang J, Zhen L, Xu CY, Huang F, Meixner AJ, Zhang D, Gou G, Li Y. Out-of-plane Emission Dipole of Second Harmonic Generation in Odd- and Even-layered vdWs Janus Nb 3SeI 7. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16274-16284. [PMID: 38867607 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Integration of atomically thin nonlinear optical (NLO) devices demands an out-of-plane (OP) emission dipole of second harmonic generation (SHG) to enhance the spontaneous emission for nanophotonics. However, the research on van der Waals (vdWs) materials with an OP emission dipole of SHG is still in its infancy. Here, by coupling back focal plane (BFP) imaging with numerical simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we demonstrate that vdWs Janus Nb3SeI7, ranging from bulk to the monolayer limit, exhibits a dominant OP emission dipole of SHG owing to the breaking of the OP symmetry. Explicitly, even-layered Nb3SeI7 with C6v symmetry is predicted to exhibit a pure OP emission dipole attributed to the only second-order susceptibility coefficient χzxx. Meanwhile, although odd-layered Nb3SeI7 with C3v symmetry has both OP and IP dipole components (χzxx and χyyy), the value of χzxx is 1 order of magnitude greater than that of χyyy, leading to an approximate OP emission dipole of SHG. Moreover, the crystal symmetry and OP emission dipole can be preserved under hydrostatic pressure, accompanied by the enhanced χzxx and the resulting 3-fold increase in SHG intensity. The reported stable OP dipole in 2D vdWs Nb3SeI7 can facilitate the rapid development of chip-integrated NLO devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Peng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xinfeng Chen
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi' an 710049, China
| | - Qiyi Zhao
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710199, China
| | - Yuqiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Jierui Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xinlong Xu
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Liang Zhen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Cheng-Yan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fuqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Alfred J Meixner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Dai Zhang
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Gaoyang Gou
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi' an 710049, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
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3
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Li Z, Luo J, Zhou Y, Chen J, Ling H, Zeng J, Yang Y, Dong H. Asymmetric XMoGeY 2 (X = S, Se, Te; Y = N, P, As) monolayers as potential flexible materials for nano piezoelectric devices and nanomedical sensors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:12133-12141. [PMID: 38587498 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05999e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Highly efficient nano piezoelectric devices and nanomedical sensors are in great demand for high-performance piezoelectric materials. In this work, we propose new asymmetric XMoGeY2 (X = S, Se, Te; Y = N, P, As) monolayers with excellent piezoelectric properties, dynamic stability and flexible elastic properties. The piezoelectric coefficients (d11) of XMoGeY2 monolayers range from 2.92 to 8.19 pm V-1. Among them, TeMoGeAs2 exhibits the highest piezoelectric coefficient (d11 = 8.19 pm V-1), which is 2.2 times higher than that of common 2D piezoelectric materials such as 2H-MoS2 (d11 = 3.73 pm V-1). Furthermore, all XMoGeY2 monolayers demonstrate flexible elastic properties ranging from 96.23 to 253.70 N m-1. Notably, TeMoGeAs2 has a Young's modulus of 96.23 N m-1, which is only one-third of that of graphene (336 N m-1). The significant piezoelectric coefficients of XMoGeY2 monolayers can be attributed to their asymmetric structures and flexible elastic properties. This study provides valuable insights into the potential applications of XMoGeY2 monolayers in nano piezoelectric devices and nanomedical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zujun Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jiasheng Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yushan Zhou
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jiawei Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haojun Ling
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jun Zeng
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yujue Yang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Huafeng Dong
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Photonics Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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4
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Cheng H, Jiao P, Wang J, Qing M, Deng Y, Liu JM, Bellaiche L, Wu D, Yang Y. Tunable and parabolic piezoelectricity in hafnia under epitaxial strain. Nat Commun 2024; 15:394. [PMID: 38195734 PMCID: PMC10776838 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44207-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Piezoelectrics are a class of functional materials that have been extensively used for application in modern electro-mechanical and mechatronics technologies. The sign of longitudinal piezoelectric coefficients is typically positive but recently a few ferroelectrics, such as ferroelectric polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride) and van der Waals ferroelectric CuInP2S6, were experimentally found to have negative piezoelectricity. Here, using first-principles calculation and measurements, we show that the sign of the longitudinal linear piezoelectric coefficient of HfO2 can be tuned from positive to negative via epitaxial strain. Nonlinear and even parabolic piezoelectric behaviors are further found at tensile epitaxial strain. This parabolic piezoelectric behavior implies that the polarization decreases when increasing the magnitude of either compressive or tensile longitudinal strain, or, equivalently, that the strain increases when increasing the magnitude of electric field being either parallel or antiparallel to the direction of polarization. The unusual piezoelectric effects are from the chemical coordination of the active oxygen atoms. These striking piezoelectric features of positive and negative sign, as well as linear and parabolical behaviors, expand the current knowledge in piezoelectricity and broaden the potential of piezoelectric applications towards electro-mechanical and communications technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cheng
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Peijie Jiao
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Mingkai Qing
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Jun-Ming Liu
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Laurent Bellaiche
- Physics Department, Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| | - Di Wu
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Yurong Yang
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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5
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Zhong S, Zhang X, Liu S, Yang SA, Lu Y. Giant and Nonanalytic Negative Piezoelectric Response in Elemental Group-Va Ferroelectric Monolayers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:236801. [PMID: 38134770 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.236801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Materials with negative longitudinal piezoelectric response have been a focus of recent research. So far, reported examples are mostly three-dimensional bulk materials, either compounds with strong ionic bonds or layered materials with van der Waals interlayer gaps. Here, we report the first example in two-dimensional elemental materials-the class of group-Va monolayers. From first-principles calculations, we show that these materials possess giant negative longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient e_{11}. Importantly, its physical mechanism is also distinct from all previous proposals, connected with the special buckling driven polarization in these elemental systems. As a result, the usually positive internal strain contribution to piezoelectricity becomes negative and even dominates over the clamped ion contribution in Bi monolayers. Based on this new mechanism, we also find several 2D crystal structures that may support negative longitudinal piezoelectricity. As another consequence, piezoelectric response in Bi monolayers exhibits a significant nonanalytic behavior, namely, the e_{11} coefficient takes sizably different values (differed by ∼18%) under tensile and compressive strains, a phenomenon not known before and helpful for the development of novel electromechanical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Zhong
- School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xuanlin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shi Liu
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shengyuan A Yang
- Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, IAPME, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yunhao Lu
- School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang Province, China
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6
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Luo W, Akbarzadeh A, Nahas Y, Prokhorenko S, Bellaiche L. Quantum criticality at cryogenic melting of polar bubble lattices. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7874. [PMID: 38036499 PMCID: PMC10689468 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43598-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantum fluctuations (QFs) caused by zero-point phonon vibrations (ZPPVs) are known to prevent the occurrence of polar phases in bulk incipient ferroelectrics down to 0 K. On the other hand, little is known about the effects of QFs on the recently discovered topological patterns in ferroelectric nanostructures. Here, by using an atomistic effective Hamiltonian within classical Monte Carlo (CMC) and path integral quantum Monte Carlo (PI-QMC), we unveil how QFs affect the topology of several dipolar phases in ultrathin Pb(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3 (PZT) films. In particular, our PI-QMC simulations show that the ZPPVs do not suppress polar patterns but rather stabilize the labyrinth, bimeron and bubble phases within a wider range of bias field magnitudes. Moreover, we reveal that quantum fluctuations induce a quantum critical point (QCP) separating a hexagonal bubble lattice from a liquid-like state characterized by spontaneous motion, creation and annihilation of polar bubbles at cryogenic temperatures. Finally, we show that the discovered quantum melting is associated with anomalous physical response, as, e.g., demonstrated by a negative longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Alireza Akbarzadeh
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
- Science, Engineering, and Geosciences, Lonestar College, 9191 Barker Cypress Road, Cypress, TX, 77433, USA
| | - Yousra Nahas
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Sergei Prokhorenko
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| | - Laurent Bellaiche
- Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
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7
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Noor-A-Alam M, Nolan M. Engineering Ferroelectricity and Large Piezoelectricity in h-BN. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:42737-42745. [PMID: 37650582 PMCID: PMC10510043 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a well-known layered van der Waals (vdW) material that exhibits no spontaneous electric polarization due to its centrosymmetric structure. Extensive density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to demonstrate that doping through the substitution of B by isovalent Al and Ga breaks the inversion symmetry and induces local dipole moments along the c-axis, which promotes a ferroelectric (FE) alignment over antiferroelectric. For doping concentrations below 25%, a "protruded layered" structure in which the dopant atoms protrude out of the planar h-BN layers is energetically more stable than the flat layered structure of pristine h-BN or a wurtzite structure similar to w-AlN. The computed polarization, between 7.227 and 21.117 μC/cm2, depending on dopant concentration and the switching barrier (16.684 and 45.838 meV/atom) for the FE polarization reversal are comparable to that of other well-known FEs. Interestingly, doping of h-BN also induces a large negative piezoelectric response in otherwise nonpiezoelectric h-BN. For example, we compute d33 of -24.214 pC/N for Ga0.125B0.875N, which is about 5 times larger than that of pure w-AlN (5 pC/N), although the computed e33 (-1.164 C/m2) is about 1.6 times lower than that of pure w-AlN (1.462 C/m2). Because of the layered structure, the rather small elastic constant C33 provides the origin of the large d33. Moreover, doping makes h-BN an electric auxetic piezoelectric. We also show that ferroelectricity in doped h-BN may persist down to its trilayer, which indicates high potential for applications in FE nonvolatile memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Noor-A-Alam
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - Michael Nolan
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
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8
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Huang J, Ke C, Zhu W, Liu S. One dimensional ferroelectric nanothreads with axial and radial polarization. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:1205-1216. [PMID: 37381975 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00154g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Long-range ferroelectric crystalline order usually fades away as the spatial dimension decreases, and hence there are few two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectrics and far fewer one-dimensional (1D) ferroelectrics. Due to the depolarization field, low-dimensional ferroelectrics rarely possess the polarization along the direction of reduced dimensionality. Here, using first-principles density functional theory, we explore the structural evolution of nanoribbons of varying widths constructed by cutting a 2D sheet of ferroelectric α-III2VI3 (III = Al, Ga, In; VI = S, Se, Te). We discover a one-dimensional ferroelectric nanothread (1DFENT) of ultrasmall diameter with both axial and radial polarization, potentially enabling ultra-dense data storage with a 1D domain of just three unit cells being the functional unit. The polarization in 1DFENT of Ga2Se3 exhibits an unusual piezoelectric response: a stretching stress along the axial direction will increase both the axial and radial polarization, referred to as the auxetic piezoelectric effect. Utilizing the intrinsically flat electronic bands, we demonstrate the coexistence of ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism in 1DFENT and a counterintuitive charge-doping-induced metal-to-insulator transition. The 1DFENT with both axial and radial polarization offers a counterexample to the Mermin-Wagner theorem in 1D and suggests a new platform for the design of ultrahigh-density memory and the exploration of exotic states of matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China.
| | - Changming Ke
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Shi Liu
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
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9
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Yao X, Bai Y, Jin C, Zhang X, Zheng Q, Xu Z, Chen L, Wang S, Liu Y, Wang J, Zhu J. Anomalous polarization enhancement in a van der Waals ferroelectric material under pressure. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4301. [PMID: 37463932 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
CuInP2S6 with robust room-temperature ferroelectricity has recently attracted much attention due to the spatial instability of its Cu cations and the van der Waals (vdW) layered structure. Herein, we report a significant enhancement of its remanent polarization by more than 50% from 4.06 to 6.36 µC cm-2 under a small pressure between 0.26 to 1.40 GPa. Comprehensive analysis suggests that even though the hydrostatic pressure suppresses the crystal distortion, it initially forces Cu cations to largely occupy the interlayer sites, causing the spontaneous polarization to increase. Under intermediate pressure, the condensation of Cu cations to the ground state and the polarization increase due cell volume reduction compensate each other, resulting in a constant polarization. Under high pressure, the migration of Cu cations to the center of the S octahedron dominates the polarization decrease. These findings improve our understanding of this fascinating vdW ferroelectric material, and suggest new ways to improve its properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Yao
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yinxin Bai
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), 100094, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qunfei Zheng
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zedong Xu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shanmin Wang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Junling Wang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jinlong Zhu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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10
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Zhao LX, Liu J. Origin of the negative longitudinal piezoelectric effect and electric auxetic effect in hexagonal A IB IVC V semiconductors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37424372 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01717f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Hexagonal ABC semiconductors with a polar structure are potential candidates for piezoelectric applications. The intriguing negative longitudinal piezoelectric effect (NLPE) and electric auxetic effect (EAE) may exist in these materials, and establishing the structure-property relation provides physical insights into the underlying mechanisms responsible for these phenomena. In this work, using first-principles calculations, we investigate the piezoelectric response in a class of hexagonal AIBIVCV (A = Li, Na, and K; B = Ge and Sn; C = N, P, As, and Sb) semiconductors. We demonstrate that the quasi-layered structure with contrasting interlayer and intralayer bonding strengths plays a crucial role in the longitudinal piezoelectric response. In this class of materials, we identify 11 compounds out of the 24 candidates possessing the NLPE. We find that the NLPE tends to occur when the quasi-layered structure is pronounced. Moreover, we identify an unusual coexistence of negative longitudinal and transverse piezoelectric responses, and hence the compounds possessing the NLPE are electric auxetic materials as well. This work provides a simple guide for the search of piezoelectrics with desired responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Xu Zhao
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
- Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
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11
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Wang T, Xu ES, Chen B, Hoffmann R, Crespi VH. Theory of Borazine-Derived Nanothreads: Enumeration, Reaction Pathways, and Piezoelectricity. ACS NANO 2022; 16:15884-15893. [PMID: 36166474 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanothreads are one-dimensional macromolecules formed by pressure-induced polymerization along stacks of multiply unsaturated (or highly strained) molecules such as benzene (or cubane). Borazine is isoelectronic to benzene yet with substantial bond polarity, thus motivating a theoretical examination of borazine-derived nanothreads with degrees of saturation of 2, 4, and 6 (defined as the number of four-coordinated boron and nitrogen atoms per borazine formula unit). The energy increases upon going from molecular borazine to degree-2 borazine-derived threads and then decreases for degree-4 and degree-6 nanothreads as more σ bonds are formed. With the constraint of no more than two borazine formula units within the repeat unit of the framework's bonding topology, there are only 13 fully saturated (i.e., degree-6) borazine-derived nanothreads that avoid energetically costly homopolar bonds (as compared to more than 50 such candidates for benzene-derived threads). Only two of these are more stable than borazine. Hypothetical pathways from molecular borazine to these two degree-6 borazine-derived nanothreads are discussed. This relative paucity of outcomes may assist in kinetic control of reaction products. Beyond the high mechanical strength also predicted for carbon-based threads, properties such as piezoelectricity and flexoelectricity may be accessible to the polar lattice of borazine-derived nanothreads, with intriguing prospects for expression in these extremely thin yet rigid objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - En-Shi Xu
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- School of Physics and Electronics, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun 558000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Chen
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Roald Hoffmann
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Vincent H Crespi
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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12
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Ghosh PS, Lisenkov S, Ponomareva I. Negative Longitudinal Piezoelectricity Coexisting with both Negative and Positive Transverse Piezoelectricity in a Hybrid Formate Perovskite. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:46449-46456. [PMID: 36202777 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Negative longitudinal piezoelectric response is a rare property, which has been found mostly in inorganic materials. We use first-principles density functional theory simulations to predict such an unusual response in [NH2NH3]Co(HCOO)3 ─a representative of a large family of hybrid organic-inorganic formate perovskites. A feature that sets aside [NH2NH3]Co(HCOO)3 from inorganic compounds with a negative longitudinal piezoelectric response is that this rare property coexists with both negative and positive transverse piezoelectric responses, which is highly desirable for tunable applications. Atomistic analysis reveals that this unusual electromechanical coupling originates from the high anisotropy of materials response to uniaxial stress. Such a deformation produces oxygen octahedral tilts in the framework, whose magnitude depends strongly on the direction of the applied strain. For hard directions, the tilts make the dominant contribution to the deformation-induced change in polarization, while for the softer direction, it is the tilts of the NH2NH3+ cation that dominate the polarization response. The latter occur as the complex hydrogen bond network responds to the octahedral tilts. As high anisotropy of mechanical properties is a common feature across the formate perovskites, we expect our findings to stimulate more discoveries of unusual electromechanical couplings in this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Sarathi Ghosh
- Glass & Advanced Materials Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai400 094, India
| | - Sergey Lisenkov
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida33620, United States
| | - Inna Ponomareva
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida33620, United States
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13
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Understanding the piezoelectric origin of bismuth layer-structured ferroelectric polycrystal using first-principle method. Ann Ital Chir 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2022.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Noor-A-Alam M, Nolan M. Negative Piezoelectric Coefficient in Ferromagnetic 1H-LaBr 2 Monolayer. ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 2022; 4:850-855. [PMID: 35224502 PMCID: PMC8867721 DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.1c01214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials that have excellent piezoelectric response is promising for nanoscale multifunctional piezoelectric or spintronic devices. Piezoelectricity requires a noncentrosymmetric structure with an electronic band gap, whereas magnetism demands broken time-reversal symmetry. Most of the well-known 2D piezoelectrics, e.g., 1H-MoS2 monolayer, are not magnetic. Being intrinsically magnetic, semiconducting 1H-LaBr2 and 1H-VS2 monolayers can combine magnetism and piezoelectricity. We compare piezoelectric properties of 1H-MoS2, 1H-VS2, and 1H-LaBr2 using density functional theory. The ferromagnetic 1H-LaBr2 and 1H-VS2 monolayers display larger piezoelectric strain coefficients, namely, d 11 = -4.527 pm/V for 1H-LaBr2 and d 11 = 4.104 pm/V for 1H-VS2, compared to 1H-MoS2 (d 11 = 3.706 pm/V). 1H-MoS2 has a larger piezoelectric stress coefficient (e 11 = 370.675 pC/m) than 1H-LaBr2 (e 11 = -94.175 pC/m) and 1H-VS2 (e 11 = 298.100 pC/m). The large d 11 for 1H-LaBr2 originates from the low elastic constants, C 11 = 30.338 N/m and C 12 = 9.534 N/m. The sign of the piezoelectric coefficients for 1H-LaBr2 is negative, and this arises from the negative ionic contribution of e 11, which dominates in 1H-LaBr2, whereas the electronic part of e 11 dominates in 1H-MoS2 and 1H-VS2. We explain the origin of this large ionic contribution of e 11 for 1H-LaBr2 through Born effective charges (Z 11) and the sensitivity of the atomic positions to the strain (du/dη). We observe a sign reversal in the Z 11 values of Mo and S compared to the nominal oxidation states, which makes both the electronic and ionic parts of e 11 positive and results in the high value of e 11. We also show that a change in magnetic order can enhance (reduce) the piezoresponse of 1H-LaBr2 (1H-VS2).
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15
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Zhou J, Jin S, Chai C, Hao M, Zhong X, Ying T, Guo J, Chen X. Discovery of amantadine formate: toward achieving ultrahigh pyroelectric performances in organics. Innovation (N Y) 2022; 3:100204. [PMID: 35128503 PMCID: PMC8803662 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroelectrics are a class of polar compounds that output electrical signals upon changes in temperature. With the rapid development of flexible electronics, organic pyroelectrics are highly desired. However, most organics suffer from low pyroelectric coefficients or low working temperatures. To date, the realization of superior pyroelectric performance in all-organics has remained a challenge. Here, we report the discovery of amantadine formate, an all-organic pyroelectric with ultrahigh voltage figures of merit (Fv), surpassing those of all other known organics and commercial triglycine sulfate, LiTaO3 as well around room temperature. The key to the high Fv is attributed to large pyroelectric coefficients in a favorable temperature range resulting from a ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition of second order at 327 K, small dielectric constant, and moderate heat capacity. In addition, amantadine formate is relatively lightweight, soft, transparent, low-cost, and non-toxic, adding value to its potential applications in flexible electronics. Our results demonstrate that a new type of pyroelectrics can exist in organic compounds. Organic pyroelectrics have great potential in wearable devices for temperature sensing, IR detection, thermal imaging, and energy harvesting We report the first all-organic pyroelectric amantadine formate with properties better than that of TGS, a hybrid pyroelectric in use since the 1950s Amantadine formate has a large pyroelectric coefficient and a surprisingly small dielectric constant, which play a key role in its excellent pyroelectric performance The strategy of combining all-organic components and second-order phase transition will contribute to the exploration of new pyroelectrics
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16
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Qi Y, Rappe AM. Widespread Negative Longitudinal Piezoelectric Responses in Ferroelectric Crystals with Layered Structures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:217601. [PMID: 34114845 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.217601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the underlying mechanisms of the universal negative piezoelectricity in low-dimensional layered materials by carrying out first-principles calculations. Two-dimensional layered ferroelectric CuInP_{2}S_{6} is analyzed in detail as a typical example, but the theory can be applied to any other low-dimensional layered piezoelectrics. Consistent with the theory proposed in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 207601 (2017)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.119.207601, the anomalous negative piezoelectricity in CuInP_{2}S_{6} also results from its negative clamped-ion term, which cannot be compensated by the positive internal-strain part. Here, we focus on a more general rule by proposing that having a negative clamped-ion term should be universal among piezoelectric materials, which is attributed to the "lag of Wannier center" effect. The internal-strain term, which is the change in polarization due to structural relaxation in response to strain, is mostly determined by the spatial structure and chemical bonding of the material. In a low-dimensional layered piezoelectric material such as CuInP_{2}S_{6}, the internal-strain term is approximately zero. This is because the internal structure of the molecular layers, which are bonded by the weak van der Waals interaction, responds little to the strain. As a result, the magnitude of the dipole, which depends strongly on the dimension and structure of the molecular layer, also has a small response with respect to strain. An equation bridging the internal strain responses in low-dimensional and three-dimensional piezoelectrics is also derived to analytically express this point. This work aims to deepen our understanding about this anomalous piezoelectric effect, especially in low-dimensional layered materials, and provide strategies for discovering materials with novel electromechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Qi
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Andrew M Rappe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
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17
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Liu J, Liu S, Yang JY, Liu L. Electric Auxetic Effect in Piezoelectrics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:197601. [PMID: 33216563 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.197601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Auxetic materials are characterized by a negative Poisson's ratio that they expand laterally in the directions perpendicular to the applied stretching stress and vice versa. Piezoelectrics will change their dimensions when exposed to an external electric field. Here we introduce the concept of the "electric auxetic effect": electric auxetic materials will contract or expand in all dimensions in response to an electric field. Such unusual piezoelectric response driven by an electric field is a close analogy to the auxetic effect driven by a stress field. A key feature of electric auxetic materials is that their longitudinal and transverse piezoelectric coefficients are of the same sign. We demonstrate using first-principles calculations that the Pca2_{1} orthorhombic phase of ferroelectric HfO_{2} exhibits both the negative longitudinal piezoelectric effect and the electric auxetic effect. The unusual negative longitudinal piezoelectric effect arises unexpectedly from the domination of the negative internal-strain contribution over the positive clamped-ion contribution, a character often found in van der Waals solids. We confirm a few more electric auxetic materials with finite electric field calculations by screening through a first-principles-based database of piezoelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Optics and Thermal Radiation Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Shi Liu
- School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Jia-Yue Yang
- Optics and Thermal Radiation Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Linhua Liu
- Optics and Thermal Radiation Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
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18
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Liu Y, Wang Q. Ferroelectric Polymers Exhibiting Negative Longitudinal Piezoelectric Coefficient: Progress and Prospects. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1902468. [PMID: 32195083 PMCID: PMC7080546 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Piezoelectric polymers are well-recognized to hold great promise for a wide range of flexible, wearable, and biocompatible applications. Among the known piezoelectric polymers, ferroelectric polymers represented by poly(vinylidene fluoride) and its copolymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) possess the best piezoelectric coefficients. However, the physical origin of negative longitudinal piezoelectric coefficients occurring in the polymers remains elusive. To address this long-standing challenge, several theoretical models proposed over the past decades, which are controversial in nature, have been revisited and reviewed. It is concluded that negative longitudinal piezoelectric coefficients arise from the negative longitudinal electrostriction in the crystalline domain of the polymers, independent of amorphous and crystalline-amorphous interfacial regions. The crystalline origin of piezoelectricity offers unprecedented opportunities to improve electromechanical properties of polymers via structural engineering, i.e., design of morphotropic phase boundaries in ferroelectric polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
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19
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Brehm JA, Neumayer SM, Tao L, O'Hara A, Chyasnavichus M, Susner MA, McGuire MA, Kalinin SV, Jesse S, Ganesh P, Pantelides ST, Maksymovych P, Balke N. Tunable quadruple-well ferroelectric van der Waals crystals. NATURE MATERIALS 2020; 19:43-48. [PMID: 31740791 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0532-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The family of layered thio- and seleno-phosphates has gained attention as potential control dielectrics for the rapidly growing family of two-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional electronic materials. Here we report a combination of density functional theory calculations, quantum molecular dynamics simulations and variable-temperature, -pressure and -bias piezoresponse force microscopy data to predict and verify the existence of an unusual ferroelectric property-a uniaxial quadruple potential well for Cu displacements-enabled by the van der Waals gap in copper indium thiophosphate (CuInP2S6). The calculated potential energy landscape for Cu displacements is strongly influenced by strain, accounting for the origin of the negative piezoelectric coefficient and rendering CuInP2S6 a rare example of a uniaxial multi-well ferroelectric. Experimental data verify the coexistence of four polarization states and explore the temperature-, pressure- and bias-dependent piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties, which are supported by bias-dependent molecular dynamics simulations. These phenomena offer new opportunities for both fundamental studies and applications in data storage and electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Brehm
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Sabine M Neumayer
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Lei Tao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Andrew O'Hara
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marius Chyasnavichus
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Michael A Susner
- Aerospace Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, USA
| | - Michael A McGuire
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Sergei V Kalinin
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Stephen Jesse
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Panchapakesan Ganesh
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Sokrates T Pantelides
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Petro Maksymovych
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
| | - Nina Balke
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
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20
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Miller NC, Grimm HM, Horne WS, Hutchison GR. Accurate electromechanical characterization of soft molecular monolayers using piezo force microscopy. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4834-4843. [PMID: 36133108 PMCID: PMC9416907 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00638a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report a new methodology for the electromechanical characterization of organic monolayers based on the implementation of dual AC resonance tracking piezo force microscopy (DART-PFM) combined with a sweep of an applied DC field under a fixed AC field. This experimental design allows calibration of the electrostatic component of the tip response and enables the use of low spring constant levers in the measurement. Moreover, the technique is shown to determine both positive and negative piezo response. The successful decoupling of the electrostatic component from the mechanical response will enable more quantitative electromechanical characterization of molecular and biomaterials and should generate new design principles for soft bio-compatible piezoactive materials. To highlight the applicability, our new methodology was used to successfully characterize the piezoelectric coefficient (d 33) of a variety of piezoactive materials, including self-assembled monolayers made of small molecules (dodecane thiol, mercaptoundecanoic acid) or macromolecules (peptides, peptoids), as well as a variety of inorganic materials, including lead zirconate titanate [PZT], quartz, and periodically poled lithium niobate [PPLN]. Due to high differential capacitance, the soft organic monolayers demonstrated exceedingly large electromechanical response (as high as 250 pm V-1) but smaller d 33 piezocoefficients. Finally, we find that the capacitive electrostatic response of the organic monolayers studied are significantly larger than conventional inorganic piezoelectric materials (e.g., PZT, PPLN, quartz), suggesting organic electromechanical materials applications can successfully draw from both piezo and electrostatic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel C Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - Haley M Grimm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - W Seth Horne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
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21
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Lin LF, Zhang Y, Moreo A, Dagotto E, Dong S. Frustrated Dipole Order Induces Noncollinear Proper Ferrielectricity in Two Dimensions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:067601. [PMID: 31491163 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.067601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Within Landau theory, magnetism and polarity are homotopic, displaying a one-to-one correspondence between most physical characteristics. However, despite widely reported noncollinear magnetism, spontaneous noncollinear electric dipole order as a ground state is rare. Here, a dioxydihalides family is predicted to display noncollinear ferrielectricity, induced by competing ferroelectric and antiferroelectric soft modes. This intrinsic of dipoles generates unique physical properties, such as Z_{2}×Z_{2} topological domains, atomic-scale dipole vortices, and negative piezoelectricity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Fang Lin
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Adriana Moreo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Elbio Dagotto
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Shuai Dong
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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22
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You L, Zhang Y, Zhou S, Chaturvedi A, Morris SA, Liu F, Chang L, Ichinose D, Funakubo H, Hu W, Wu T, Liu Z, Dong S, Wang J. Origin of giant negative piezoelectricity in a layered van der Waals ferroelectric. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav3780. [PMID: 31016240 PMCID: PMC6474765 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav3780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent research on piezoelectric materials is predominantly devoted to enhancing the piezoelectric coefficient, but overlooks its sign, largely because almost all of them exhibit positive longitudinal piezoelectricity. The only experimentally known exception is ferroelectric polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride) and its copolymers, which condense via weak van der Waals (vdW) interaction and show negative piezoelectricity. Here we report quantitative determination of giant intrinsic negative longitudinal piezoelectricity and electrostriction in another class of vdW solids-two-dimensional (2D) layered ferroelectric CuInP2S6. With the help of single crystal x-ray crystallography and density-functional theory calculations, we unravel the atomistic origin of negative piezoelectricity in this system, which arises from the large displacive instability of Cu ions coupled with its reduced lattice dimensionality. Furthermore, the sizable piezoelectric response and negligible substrate clamping effect of the 2D vdW piezoelectric materials warrant their great potential in nanoscale, flexible electromechanical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu You
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, 1 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Apoorva Chaturvedi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Samuel A. Morris
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Fucai Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Chang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Daichi Ichinose
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Funakubo
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan
| | - Weijin Hu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research (IMR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tom Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Shuai Dong
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- Corresponding author. (J.W.); (S.D.)
| | - Junling Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Corresponding author. (J.W.); (S.D.)
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23
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Sadovnikov AV, Grachev AA, Sheshukova SE, Sharaevskii YP, Serdobintsev AA, Mitin DM, Nikitov SA. Magnon Straintronics: Reconfigurable Spin-Wave Routing in Strain-Controlled Bilateral Magnetic Stripes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:257203. [PMID: 29979084 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.257203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We observe and explain theoretically strain-induced spin-wave routing in the bilateral composite multilayer. By means of Brillouin light scattering and microwave spectroscopy, we study the spin-wave transport across three adjacent magnonic stripes, which are strain coupled to a piezoelectric layer. The strain may effectively induce voltage-controlled dipolar spin-wave interactions. We experimentally demonstrate the basic features of the voltage-controlled spin-wave switching. We show that the spin-wave characteristics can be tuned with an electrical field due to piezoelectricity and magnetostriction of the piezolayer and layered composite and mechanical coupling between them. Our experimental observations agree with numerical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Sadovnikov
- Laboratory "Metamaterials," Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russia and Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, RAS, Moscow 125009, Russia
| | - A A Grachev
- Laboratory "Metamaterials," Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - S E Sheshukova
- Laboratory "Metamaterials," Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Yu P Sharaevskii
- Laboratory "Metamaterials," Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - A A Serdobintsev
- Laboratory "Metamaterials," Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | | | - S A Nikitov
- Laboratory "Metamaterials," Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russia and Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, RAS, Moscow 125009, Russia
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24
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Guerin S, Syed TAM, Thompson D. Deconstructing collagen piezoelectricity using alanine-hydroxyproline-glycine building blocks. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:9653-9663. [PMID: 29757342 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01634h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Collagen piezoelectricity has been the focus of a large number of experimental and theoretical studies for over fifty years. Less is known about the piezoelectric properties of its building blocks, in particular but not limited to, proline and hydroxyproline. Spurred by the recent upsurge of interest in piezoelectricity in organic crystals including our own report of unprecedentedly high piezoelectricity in amino acid glycine, we predict and measure the piezoelectric properties of collagen subcomponents in single crystalline forms and the collagen-like alanine-hydroxyproline-glycine trimer peptide. We map the modulation of piezoelectric charge constants in collagen building blocks as the crystal symmetry is lowered and the molecule size increases, finding strong evidence for amino acid-level barcoding of collagen piezoelectricity that can in turn be tuned using very simple chemistry. The simple addition of an -OH group can increase piezoelectric constants by up to two orders of magnitude (d25 = 25 ± 5 pC N-1) as measured in Y-cut hydroxyproline crystals. The value is similar to that obtained from thermoelectrically poled commercial polyvinylidene di fluoride (PVDF) films. Overall, our findings support a simple block by block approach in which first principles calculations can guide the understanding and re-engineering of piezoelectric biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Guerin
- Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
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