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Yao J, Wagner PJ, Xia Y, Czap G, Ho W. Atomic-Scale Rectification and Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectromicroscopy. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7848-7852. [PMID: 36162080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The phenomenon of rectification describes the emergence of a DC current from the application of an oscillating voltage. Although the origin of this effect has been associated with the nonlinearity in the current-voltage I(V) relation, a rigorous understanding of the microscopic mechanisms for this phenomenon remains challenging. Here, we show the close connection between rectification and inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy and microscopy for single molecules with a scanning tunneling microscope. While both techniques are based on nonlinear features in the I(V) curve, comprehensive line shape analyses reveal notable differences that highlight the two complementary techniques of nonlinear conductivity spectromicroscopy for probing nanoscale systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Yao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
| | - Peter J Wagner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
| | - Yunpeng Xia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
| | - Gregory Czap
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
| | - W Ho
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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Merino P, Rosławska A, Grewal A, Leon CC, Gonzalez C, Kuhnke K, Kern K. Gold Chain Formation via Local Lifting of Surface Reconstruction by Hot Electron Injection on H 2(D 2)/Au(111). ACS NANO 2020; 14:15241-15247. [PMID: 33119271 PMCID: PMC7610521 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The hexagonal close packed surface of gold shows a 22 × 3 "herringbone" surface reconstruction which makes it unique among the (111) surfaces of all metals. This long-range energetically favored dislocation pattern appears in response to the strong tensile stress that would be present on the unreconstructed surface. Adsorption of molecular and atomic species can be used to tune this surface stress and lift the herringbone reconstruction. Here we show that herringbone reconstruction can be controllably lifted in ultrahigh vacuum at cryogenic temperatures by precise hot electron injection in the presence of hydrogen molecules. We use the sharp tip of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) for charge carrier injection and characterization of the resulting chain nanostructures. By comparing STM images, rotational spectromicroscopy and ab initio calculations, we show that formation of gold atomic chains is associated with release of gold atoms from the surface, lifting of the reconstruction, dissociation of H2 molecules, and formation of surface hydrides. Gold hydrides grow in a zipper-like mechanism forming chains along the [11̅0] directions of the Au(111) surface and can be manipulated by further electron injection. Finally, we demonstrate that Au(111) terraces can be transformed with nearly perfect terrace selectivity over distances of hundreds of nanometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Merino
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, D70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, E28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, Serrano 121, E28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Rosławska
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, D70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - A. Grewal
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, D70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - C. C. Leon
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, D70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - C. Gonzalez
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E28049 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Magnetismo Aplicado UCM-ADIF, Vía de Servicio A-6, 900, E-28232 Las Rozas de Madrid, Spain
| | - K. Kuhnke
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, D70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - K. Kern
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, D70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Cohen G, Galperin M. Green’s function methods for single molecule junctions. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:090901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5145210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guy Cohen
- The Raymond and Beverley Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Michael Galperin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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