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Teo HT, Mandal S, Long Y, Xue H, Zhang B. Pseudomagnetic suppression of non-Hermitian skin effect. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024:S2095-9273(24)00257-3. [PMID: 38702278 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
It has recently been shown that the non-Hermitian skin effect can be suppressed by magnetic fields. In this work, using a two-dimensional tight-binding lattice, we demonstrate that a pseudomagnetic field can also lead to the suppression of the non-Hermitian skin effect. With an increasing pseudomagnetic field, the skin modes are found to be pushed into the bulk, accompanied by the reduction of skin topological area and the restoration of Landau level energies. Our results provide a time-reversal invariant route to localization control and could be useful in various classical wave devices that are able to host the non-Hermitian skin effect but inert to magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hau Tian Teo
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Subhaskar Mandal
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Yang Long
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Haoran Xue
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Baile Zhang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore; Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
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2
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Park H, Oh SS, Lee S. Surface potential-adjusted surface states in 3D topological photonic crystals. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7173. [PMID: 38531983 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Surface potential in a topological matter could unprecedentedly localize the waves. However, this surface potential is yet to be exploited in topological photonic systems. Here, we demonstrate that photonic surface states can be induced and controlled by the surface potential in a dielectric double gyroid (DG) photonic crystal. The basis translation in a unit cell enables tuning of the surface potential, which in turn regulates the degree of wave localization. The gradual modulation of DG photonic crystals enables the generation of a pseudomagnetic field. Overall, this study shows the interplay between surface potential and pseudomagnetic field regarding the surface states. The physical consequences outlined herein not only widen the scope of surface states in 3D photonic crystals but also highlight the importance of surface treatments in a photonic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haedong Park
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK.
| | - Sang Soon Oh
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK.
| | - Seungwoo Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomicrosystem Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Integrative Energy Engineering and KU Photonics Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Post-Silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Cheng Z, Guan YJ, Xue H, Ge Y, Jia D, Long Y, Yuan SQ, Sun HX, Chong Y, Zhang B. Three-dimensional flat Landau levels in an inhomogeneous acoustic crystal. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2174. [PMID: 38467627 PMCID: PMC10928213 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46517-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
When electrons moving in two dimensions (2D) are subjected to a strong uniform magnetic field, they form flat bands called Landau levels (LLs). LLs can also arise from pseudomagnetic fields (PMFs) induced by lattice distortions. In three-dimensional (3D) systems, there has been no experimental demonstration of LLs as a type of flat band thus far. Here, we report the experimental realization of a flat 3D LL in an acoustic crystal. Starting from a lattice whose bandstructure exhibits a nodal ring, we design an inhomogeneous distortion corresponding to a specific pseudomagnetic vector potential (PVP). This distortion causes the nodal ring states to break up into LLs, including a zeroth LL that is flat along all three directions. These findings suggest the possibility of using nodal ring materials to generate 3D flat bands, allowing access to strong interactions and other attractive physical regimes in 3D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyu Cheng
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yi-Jun Guan
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Xue
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yong Ge
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ding Jia
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yang Long
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Shou-Qi Yuan
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hong-Xiang Sun
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.
| | - Yidong Chong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
| | - Baile Zhang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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Jia H, Wang M, Ma S, Zhang RY, Hu J, Wang D, Chan CT. Experimental realization of chiral Landau levels in two-dimensional Dirac cone systems with inhomogeneous effective mass. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:165. [PMID: 37402713 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01209-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Chiral zeroth Landau levels are topologically protected bulk states. In particle physics and condensed matter physics, the chiral zeroth Landau level plays a significant role in breaking chiral symmetry and gives rise to the chiral anomaly. Previous experimental works on such chiral Landau levels are mainly based on three-dimensional Weyl degeneracies coupled with axial magnetic fields. Their realizations using two-dimensional Dirac point systems, being more promising for future applications, were never experimentally realized before. Here we propose an experimental scheme for realizing chiral Landau levels in a two-dimensional photonic system. By introducing an inhomogeneous effective mass through breaking local parity-inversion symmetries, a synthetic in-plane magnetic field is generated and coupled with the Dirac quasi-particles. Consequently, the zeroth-order chiral Landau levels can be induced, and the one-way propagation characteristics are experimentally observed. In addition, the robust transport of the chiral zeroth mode against defects in the system is also experimentally tested. Our system provides a new pathway for the realization of chiral Landau levels in two-dimensional Dirac cone systems, and may potentially be applied in device designs utilizing the chiral response and transport robustness.
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Grants
- 16307621 Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- AoE/P-502/20 Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- 16307821 Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- 16307420 Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- 16310420 Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)
- CAS20SC01 CAS-Croucher Funding Scheme for Joint Laboratories (CAS-Croucher Joint Lab Scheme)
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Jia
- Department of Physics, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- Institute for Advanced Study, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Mudi Wang
- Department of Physics, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shaojie Ma
- Department of Physics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ruo-Yang Zhang
- Department of Physics, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Physics, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dongyang Wang
- Department of Physics, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Che Ting Chan
- Department of Physics, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Yu D, Li G, Wang L, Leykam D, Yuan L, Chen X. Moiré Lattice in One-Dimensional Synthetic Frequency Dimension. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:143801. [PMID: 37084429 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.143801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The moiré lattice has recently attracted broad interest in both solid-state physics and photonics where exotic phenomena in manipulating the quantum states are explored. In this work, we study the one-dimensional (1D) analogs of "moiré" lattices in a synthetic frequency dimension constructed by coupling two resonantly modulated ring resonators with different lengths. Unique features associated with the flatband manipulation as well as the flexible control of localization position inside each unit cell in the frequency dimension have been found, which can be controlled via the choice of flatband. Our work therefore provides insight into simulating moiré physics in 1D synthetic frequency space, which holds important promise for potential applications toward optical information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Guangzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Luojia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Daniel Leykam
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543, Singapore
| | - Luqi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xianfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai, 201315, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, China
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Zhang Y, Qin Y, Zheng H, Ren H. Periodic evolution of the out-of-phase dipole and the single-charged vortex solitons in periodic photonic moiré lattice with saturable self-focusing nonlinearity media. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:28840-28852. [PMID: 36299072 DOI: 10.1364/oe.458708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We survey the propagation properties of the out-of-phase (OOP) dipole solitons and the single-charged vortex (SCV) soliton in a periodic photonic moiré lattice with θ=arctan(3/4) under self-focusing nonlinearity media. Since the rotation angle, periodic photonic moiré lattices have peculiar energy band structures, with highly flat bands and the bandgaps being much more extensive, which is very favorable for the realization and stability of the solitons. When exciting a single point on-site with the OOP dipole beam, its evolution shows a periodic rollover around the lattice axis. Whereas, when exciting a single point on-site with the SCV beam, it transmits counterclockwise rotating periodically. Both the OOP dipole solitons and the SVC soliton maintain the local state, but their phase exhibits different variations. The phase of the OOP dipole solitons is flipped, while that of the SCV is rotated counterclockwise. Our work further complements the exploration of solitons in photonic moiré lattice with nonlinearity.
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Hong P, Xu L, Ying C, Rahmani M. Flatband mode in photonic moiré superlattice for boosting second-harmonic generation with monolayer van der Waals crystals. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:2326-2329. [PMID: 35486791 DOI: 10.1364/ol.453625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically investigate boosting second-harmonic generation (SHG) of monolayer van der Waals crystals by employing flatband modes hosted by photonic moiré superlattices. Such a system with high quality factor and a monolayer crystal accommodated on the top of it, provides a unique opportunity to enhance and manipulate SHG emission. We show that employing a doubly resonant diagram on such a moiré superlattice system not only boosts the SHG, but also tunes the directional emission of the second-harmonic wave. Moreover, we demonstrate that a structured beam illumination could further boost SHG, with the phase structure retrieved through a two-beam second-harmonic interference configuration. These results suggest the flatband modes in moiré superlattice as a promising platform for boosting SHG with monolayer van der Waals crystals, offering new possibilities for developing compact nonlinear photonic devices.
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Mao XR, Shao ZK, Luan HY, Wang SL, Ma RM. Magic-angle lasers in nanostructured moiré superlattice. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:1099-1105. [PMID: 34400821 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00956-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Conventional laser cavities require discontinuity of material property or disorder to localize a light field for feedback. Recently, an emerging class of materials, twisted van der Waals materials, have been explored for applications in electronics and photonics. Here we propose and develop magic-angle lasers, where the localization is realized in periodic twisted photonic graphene superlattices. We reveal that the confinement mechanism of magic-angle lasers does not rely on a full bandgap but on the mode coupling between two twisted layers of photonic graphene lattice. Without any fine-tuning in structure parameters, a simple twist can result in nanocavities with strong field confinement and a high quality factor. Furthermore, the emissions of magic-angle lasers allow direct imaging of the wavefunctions of magic-angle states. Our work provides a robust platform to construct high-quality nanocavities for nanolasers, nano light-emitting diodes, nonlinear optics and cavity quantum electrodynamics at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Rui Mao
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeng-Kai Shao
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Yi Luan
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Lei Wang
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ren-Min Ma
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, China.
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Yan M, Deng W, Huang X, Wu Y, Yang Y, Lu J, Li F, Liu Z. Pseudomagnetic Fields Enabled Manipulation of On-Chip Elastic Waves. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:136401. [PMID: 34623863 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.136401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The physical realization of pseudomagnetic fields (PMFs) is an engaging frontier of research. As in graphene, elastic PMF can be realized by the structural modulations of Dirac materials. We show that, in the presence of PMFs, the conical dispersions split into elastic Landau levels, and the elastic modes robustly propagate along the edges, similar to the quantum Hall edge transports. In particular, we reveal unique elastic snake states in an on-chip heterostructure with two opposite PMFs. The flexibility in the micromanufacture of silicon chips and the low loss of elastic waves provide an unprecedented opportunity to demonstrate various fascinating topological transports of the edge states under PMFs. These properties open new possibilities for designing functional elastic wave devices in miniature and compact scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mou Yan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Weiyin Deng
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Xueqin Huang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Yating Yang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Jiuyang Lu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Feng Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Zhengyou Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Zeng J, Hu Y, Zhang X, Fu S, Yin H, Li Z, Chen Z. Localization-to-delocalization transition of light in frequency-tuned photonic moiré lattices. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:25388-25398. [PMID: 34614871 DOI: 10.1364/oe.434281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate in a numerical manner the intriguing localization-to-delocalization transition of light in frequency-tuned photonic moiré lattices, both in the zero-order and the higher-order regimes of light waves. We present a different technique to realize the composite photonic lattices, by means of two relatively twisted sublattices with different modulated lattice constants. Even though various kinds of photonic patterns including the commensurable and the incommensurable lattices can be well constructed, the observed transition between the localization and the delocalization of light field is moiré angle-independent. This angle-insensitive property was not reported before, and cannot be achieved by those photonic moiré lattices that are all moiré angle-dependent. We reveal that the obtained phase transition of light is robust to the changes of refractive index modulation of the photonic lattices. Moreover, we reveal that the effect of moiré angle-independent transition of light can be extended to the higher-order vortex light field, hence allowing prediction, for the first time to our knowledge, of both the localization and the delocalization of the vortex light field in the photonic lattices.
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