1
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Lee JE, Wang A, Chen S, Kwon M, Hwang J, Cho M, Son KH, Han DS, Choi JW, Kim YD, Mo SK, Petrovic C, Hwang C, Park SY, Jang C, Ryu H. Spin-orbit-splitting-driven nonlinear Hall effect in NbIrTe 4. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3971. [PMID: 38729931 PMCID: PMC11087648 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47643-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Berry curvature dipole (BCD) serves as a one of the fundamental contributors to emergence of the nonlinear Hall effect (NLHE). Despite intense interest due to its potential for new technologies reaching beyond the quantum efficiency limit, the interplay between BCD and NLHE has been barely understood yet in the absence of a systematic study on the electronic band structure. Here, we report NLHE realized in NbIrTe4 that persists above room temperature coupled with a sign change in the Hall conductivity at 150 K. First-principles calculations combined with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements show that BCD tuned by the partial occupancy of spin-orbit split bands via temperature is responsible for the temperature-dependent NLHE. Our findings highlight the correlation between BCD and the electronic band structure, providing a viable route to create and engineer the non-trivial Hall effect by tuning the geometric properties of quasiparticles in transition-metal chalcogen compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Lee
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, South Korea
- Max Planck POSTECH Center for Complex Phase Materials, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Aifeng Wang
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, US
- Low Temperature Physics Laboratory, College of Physics and Center of Quantum Materials and Devices, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Shuzhang Chen
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, US
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3800, USA
| | - Minseong Kwon
- Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Department of Physics and Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Jinwoong Hwang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Physics and Institute of Quantum Convergence Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Minhyun Cho
- Department of Physics and Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Ki-Hoon Son
- Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Dong-Soo Han
- Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Jun Woo Choi
- Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Young Duck Kim
- Department of Physics and Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Sung-Kwan Mo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Cedomir Petrovic
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, US
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3800, USA
- Shanghai Advanced Research in Physical Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Choongyu Hwang
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, South Korea.
| | - Se Young Park
- Department of Physics and Origin of Matter and Evolution of Galaxies (OMEG) Institute, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, South Korea.
- Integrative Institute of Basic Sciences, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, South Korea.
| | - Chaun Jang
- Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea.
| | - Hyejin Ryu
- Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea.
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2
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Krieger JA, Stolz S, Robredo I, Manna K, McFarlane EC, Date M, Pal B, Yang J, B Guedes E, Dil JH, Polley CM, Leandersson M, Shekhar C, Borrmann H, Yang Q, Lin M, Strocov VN, Caputo M, Watson MD, Kim TK, Cacho C, Mazzola F, Fujii J, Vobornik I, Parkin SSP, Bradlyn B, Felser C, Vergniory MG, Schröter NBM. Weyl spin-momentum locking in a chiral topological semimetal. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3720. [PMID: 38697958 PMCID: PMC11066003 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47976-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Spin-orbit coupling in noncentrosymmetric crystals leads to spin-momentum locking - a directional relationship between an electron's spin angular momentum and its linear momentum. Isotropic orthogonal Rashba spin-momentum locking has been studied for decades, while its counterpart, isotropic parallel Weyl spin-momentum locking has remained elusive in experiments. Theory predicts that Weyl spin-momentum locking can only be realized in structurally chiral cubic crystals in the vicinity of Kramers-Weyl or multifold fermions. Here, we use spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to evidence Weyl spin-momentum locking of multifold fermions in the chiral topological semimetal PtGa. We find that the electron spin of the Fermi arc surface states is orthogonal to their Fermi surface contour for momenta close to the projection of the bulk multifold fermion at the Γ point, which is consistent with Weyl spin-momentum locking of the latter. The direct measurement of the bulk spin texture of the multifold fermion at the R point also displays Weyl spin-momentum locking. The discovery of Weyl spin-momentum locking may lead to energy-efficient memory devices and Josephson diodes based on chiral topological semimetals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas A Krieger
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Stolz
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- nanotech@surfaces Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Iñigo Robredo
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018, Donostia - San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Kaustuv Manna
- Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India
| | - Emily C McFarlane
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Mihir Date
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Banabir Pal
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Jiabao Yang
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Eduardo B Guedes
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Hugo Dil
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Craig M Polley
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Fotongatan 2, 22484, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mats Leandersson
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Fotongatan 2, 22484, Lund, Sweden
| | - Chandra Shekhar
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - Horst Borrmann
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - Qun Yang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mao Lin
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Vladimir N Strocov
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Marco Caputo
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Matthew D Watson
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Timur K Kim
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Cephise Cacho
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Federico Mazzola
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste, I-34149, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, 30172, Venice, Italy
| | - Jun Fujii
- CNR-IOM, Area Science Park, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, I-34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ivana Vobornik
- CNR-IOM, Area Science Park, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, I-34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stuart S P Parkin
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Barry Bradlyn
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maia G Vergniory
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018, Donostia - San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Niels B M Schröter
- Max Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany.
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3
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Laha A, Yoshida S, Marques Dos Santos Vieira F, Yi H, Lee SH, Ayyagari SVG, Guan Y, Min L, Gonzalez Jimenez J, Miao L, Graf D, Sarker S, Xie W, Alem N, Gopalan V, Chang CZ, Dabo I, Mao Z. High-entropy engineering of the crystal and electronic structures in a Dirac material. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3532. [PMID: 38670964 PMCID: PMC11053097 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47781-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dirac and Weyl semimetals are a central topic of contemporary condensed matter physics, and the discovery of new compounds with Dirac/Weyl electronic states is crucial to the advancement of topological materials and quantum technologies. Here we show a widely applicable strategy that uses high configuration entropy to engineer relativistic electronic states. We take the AMnSb2 (A = Ba, Sr, Ca, Eu, and Yb) Dirac material family as an example and demonstrate that mixing of Ba, Sr, Ca, Eu and Yb at the A site generates the compound (Ba0.38Sr0.14Ca0.16Eu0.16Yb0.16)MnSb2 (denoted as A5MnSb2), giving access to a polar structure with a space group that is not present in any of the parent compounds. A5MnSb2 is an entropy-stabilized phase that preserves its linear band dispersion despite considerable lattice disorder. Although both A5MnSb2 and AMnSb2 have quasi-two-dimensional crystal structures, the two-dimensional Dirac states in the pristine AMnSb2 evolve into a highly anisotropic quasi-three-dimensional Dirac state triggered by local structure distortions in the high-entropy phase, which is revealed by Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antu Laha
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Suguru Yoshida
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
- 2D Crystal Consortium, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | | | - Hemian Yi
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Seng Huat Lee
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- 2D Crystal Consortium, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Yingdong Guan
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Lujin Min
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Leixin Miao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - David Graf
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Saugata Sarker
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Nasim Alem
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Venkatraman Gopalan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Cui-Zu Chang
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ismaila Dabo
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - Zhiqiang Mao
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
- 2D Crystal Consortium, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
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4
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Frank CE, Lewin SK, Saucedo Salas G, Czajka P, Hayes IM, Yoon H, Metz T, Paglione J, Singleton J, Butch NP. Orphan high field superconductivity in non-superconducting uranium ditelluride. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3378. [PMID: 38643147 PMCID: PMC11032386 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47090-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Reentrant superconductivity is an uncommon phenomenon in which the destructive effects of magnetic field on superconductivity are mitigated, allowing a zero-resistance state to survive under conditions that would otherwise destroy it. Typically, the reentrant superconducting region derives from a zero-field parent superconducting phase. Here, we show that in UTe2 crystals extreme applied magnetic fields give rise to an unprecedented high-field superconductor that lacks a zero-field antecedent. This high-field orphan superconductivity exists at angles offset between 29o and 42o from the crystallographic b to c axes with applied fields between 37 T and 52 T. The stability of field-induced orphan superconductivity presented in this work defies both empirical precedent and theoretical explanation and demonstrates that high-field superconductivity can exist in an otherwise non-superconducting material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey E Frank
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
- Maryland Quantum Materials Center, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
| | - Sylvia K Lewin
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Maryland Quantum Materials Center, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Gicela Saucedo Salas
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Maryland Quantum Materials Center, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Peter Czajka
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Maryland Quantum Materials Center, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Ian M Hayes
- Maryland Quantum Materials Center, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Hyeok Yoon
- Maryland Quantum Materials Center, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Tristin Metz
- Maryland Quantum Materials Center, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Johnpierre Paglione
- Maryland Quantum Materials Center, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1Z8, Canada
| | - John Singleton
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Nicholas P Butch
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
- Maryland Quantum Materials Center, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
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5
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Zabala J, Correa VF, Castro FJ, Pedrazzini P. Enhanced weak superconductivity in trigonal γ-PtBi 2. J Phys Condens Matter 2024; 36:285701. [PMID: 38537283 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad3878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Electrical resistivity experiments show superconductivity atTc=1.1K in a high-quality single crystal of trigonalγ-PtBi2, with an enhanced critical magnetic fieldμ0Hc2(0)≳1.5Tesla and a low critical current-densityJc(0)≈40 A cm-2atH = 0. BothTcandHc2(0)are the highest reported values for stoichiometric bulk samples at ambient pressure. We found a weakHc2anisotropy withΓ=Hc2ab/Hc2c<1, which is unusual among superconductors. Under a magnetic field, the superconducting transition becomes broader and asymmetric. Along with the low critical currents, this observation suggests an inhomogeneous superconducting state. In fact, no trace of superconductivity is observed through field-cooling-zero-field-cooling magnetization experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zabala
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, CNEA, CONICET and U. N. de Cuyo, 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - V F Correa
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, CNEA, CONICET and U. N. de Cuyo, 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - F J Castro
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, CNEA, CONICET and U. N. de Cuyo, 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - P Pedrazzini
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, CNEA, CONICET and U. N. de Cuyo, 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
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6
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Fukushima K, Obata K, Yamane S, Hu Y, Li Y, Yao Y, Wang Z, Maeno Y, Yonezawa S. Violation of emergent rotational symmetry in the hexagonal Kagome superconductor CsV 3Sb 5. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2888. [PMID: 38605015 PMCID: PMC11009250 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47043-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Superconductivity is caused by electron pairs that are canonically isotropic, whereas some exotic superconductors are known to exhibit non-trivial anisotropy stemming from unconventional pairings. However, superconductors with hexagonal symmetry, the highest rotational symmetry allowed in crystals, exceptionally have strong constraint that is called emergent rotational symmetry (ERS): anisotropic properties should be very weak especially near the critical temperature Tc even for unconventional pairings such as d-wave states. Here, we investigate superconducting anisotropy of the recently-found hexagonal Kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5, which is known to exhibit various intriguing phenomena originating from its undistorted Kagome lattice formed by vanadium atoms. Based on calorimetry performed under accurate two-axis field-direction control, we discover a combination of six- and two-fold anisotropies in the in-plane upper critical field. Both anisotropies, robust up to very close to Tc, are beyond predictions of standard theories. We infer that this clear ERS violation with nematicity is best explained by multi-component nematic superconducting order parameter in CsV3Sb5 intertwined with symmetry breakings caused by the underlying charge-density-wave order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Fukushima
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Keito Obata
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Soichiro Yamane
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
- Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yajian Hu
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yongkai Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Material Science Center, Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing, 314011, P. R. China
| | - Yugui Yao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
- Material Science Center, Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing, 314011, P. R. China.
| | - Yoshiteru Maeno
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
- Toyota Riken-Kyoto University Research Center (TRiKUC), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shingo Yonezawa
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
- Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
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7
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Mitra S, Jiménez-Galán Á, Aulich M, Neuhaus M, Silva REF, Pervak V, Kling MF, Biswas S. Light-wave-controlled Haldane model in monolayer hexagonal boron nitride. Nature 2024; 628:752-757. [PMID: 38622268 PMCID: PMC11041748 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07244-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the stacking and twisting of atom-thin structures with matching crystal symmetry has provided a unique way to create new superlattice structures in which new properties emerge1,2. In parallel, control over the temporal characteristics of strong light fields has allowed researchers to manipulate coherent electron transport in such atom-thin structures on sublaser-cycle timescales3,4. Here we demonstrate a tailored light-wave-driven analogue to twisted layer stacking. Tailoring the spatial symmetry of the light waveform to that of the lattice of a hexagonal boron nitride monolayer and then twisting this waveform result in optical control of time-reversal symmetry breaking5 and the realization of the topological Haldane model6 in a laser-dressed two-dimensional insulating crystal. Further, the parameters of the effective Haldane-type Hamiltonian can be controlled by rotating the light waveform, thus enabling ultrafast switching between band structure configurations and allowing unprecedented control over the magnitude, location and curvature of the bandgap. This results in an asymmetric population between complementary quantum valleys that leads to a measurable valley Hall current7, which can be detected by optical harmonic polarimetry. The universality and robustness of our scheme paves the way to valley-selective bandgap engineering on the fly and unlocks the possibility of creating few-femtosecond switches with quantum degrees of freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambit Mitra
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany
- Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Álvaro Jiménez-Galán
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
- Max Born Institute, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Mario Aulich
- Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Garching, Germany
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Marcel Neuhaus
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany
- Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Garching, Germany
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Rui E F Silva
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Volodymyr Pervak
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany
- Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Matthias F Kling
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany
- Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Garching, Germany
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shubhadeep Biswas
- Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany.
- Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Garching, Germany.
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
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8
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Le T, Zhang R, Li C, Jiang R, Sheng H, Tu L, Cao X, Lyu Z, Shen J, Liu G, Liu F, Wang Z, Lu L, Qu F. Magnetic field filtering of the boundary supercurrent in unconventional metal NiTe 2-based Josephson junctions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2785. [PMID: 38555347 PMCID: PMC10981750 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47103-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Topological materials with boundary (surface/edge/hinge) states have attracted tremendous research interest. Additionally, unconventional (obstructed atomic) materials have recently drawn lots of attention owing to their obstructed boundary states. Experimentally, Josephson junctions (JJs) constructed on materials with boundary states produce the peculiar boundary supercurrent, which was utilized as a powerful diagnostic approach. Here, we report the observations of boundary supercurrent in NiTe2-based JJs. Particularly, applying an in-plane magnetic field along the Josephson current can rapidly suppress the bulk supercurrent and retain the nearly pure boundary supercurrent, namely the magnetic field filtering of supercurrent. Further systematic comparative analysis and theoretical calculations demonstrate the existence of unconventional nature and obstructed hinge states in NiTe2, which could produce hinge supercurrent that accounts for the observation. Our results reveal the probable hinge states in unconventional metal NiTe2, and demonstrate in-plane magnetic field as an efficient method to filter out the bulk contributions and thereby to highlight the hinge states hidden in topological/unconventional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Le
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruihan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changcun Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruiyang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haohao Sheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linfeng Tu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuewei Cao
- School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaozheng Lyu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangtong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Fucai Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, China.
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Li Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Fanming Qu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Wu H, Chen L, Malinowski P, Jang BG, Deng Q, Scott K, Huang J, Ruff JPC, He Y, Chen X, Hu C, Yue Z, Oh JS, Teng X, Guo Y, Klemm M, Shi C, Shi Y, Setty C, Werner T, Hashimoto M, Lu D, Yilmaz T, Vescovo E, Mo SK, Fedorov A, Denlinger JD, Xie Y, Gao B, Kono J, Dai P, Han Y, Xu X, Birgeneau RJ, Zhu JX, da Silva Neto EH, Wu L, Chu JH, Si Q, Yi M. Reversible non-volatile electronic switching in a near-room-temperature van der Waals ferromagnet. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2739. [PMID: 38548765 PMCID: PMC10978849 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46862-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-volatile phase-change memory devices utilize local heating to toggle between crystalline and amorphous states with distinct electrical properties. Expanding on this kind of switching to two topologically distinct phases requires controlled non-volatile switching between two crystalline phases with distinct symmetries. Here, we report the observation of reversible and non-volatile switching between two stable and closely related crystal structures, with remarkably distinct electronic structures, in the near-room-temperature van der Waals ferromagnet Fe5-δGeTe2. We show that the switching is enabled by the ordering and disordering of Fe site vacancies that results in distinct crystalline symmetries of the two phases, which can be controlled by a thermal annealing and quenching method. The two phases are distinguished by the presence of topological nodal lines due to the preserved global inversion symmetry in the site-disordered phase, flat bands resulting from quantum destructive interference on a bipartite lattice, and broken inversion symmetry in the site-ordered phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul Malinowski
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bo Gyu Jang
- Theoretical Division and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Qinwen Deng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kirsty Scott
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jianwei Huang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jacob P C Ruff
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Yu He
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Chaowei Hu
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ziqin Yue
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ji Seop Oh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xiaokun Teng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yucheng Guo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mason Klemm
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chuqiao Shi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chandan Setty
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tyler Werner
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Makoto Hashimoto
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Donghui Lu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Turgut Yilmaz
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Lab, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Elio Vescovo
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Lab, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Sung-Kwan Mo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Alexei Fedorov
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Yaofeng Xie
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Junichiro Kono
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pengcheng Dai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yimo Han
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert J Birgeneau
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jian-Xin Zhu
- Theoretical Division and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Eduardo H da Silva Neto
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jiun-Haw Chu
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Qimiao Si
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
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10
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Hu LH, Zhang RX. Dislocation Majorana bound states in iron-based superconductors. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2337. [PMID: 38491015 PMCID: PMC10943028 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46618-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
We show that lattice dislocations of topological iron-based superconductors such as FeTe1-xSex will intrinsically trap non-Abelian Majorana quasiparticles, in the absence of any external magnetic field. Our theory is motivated by the recent experimental observations of normal-state weak topology and surface magnetism that coexist with superconductivity in FeTe1-xSex, the combination of which naturally achieves an emergent second-order topological superconductivity in a two-dimensional subsystem spanned by screw or edge dislocations. This exemplifies a new embedded higher-order topological phase in class D, where Majorana zero modes appear around the "corners" of a low-dimensional embedded subsystem, instead of those of the full crystal. A nested domain wall theory is developed to understand the origin of these defect Majorana zero modes. When the surface magnetism is absent, we further find that s± pairing symmetry itself is capable of inducing a different type of class-DIII embedded higher-order topology with defect-bound Majorana Kramers pairs. We also provide detailed discussions on the real-world material candidates for our proposals, including FeTe1-xSex, LiFeAs, β-PdBi2, and heterostructures of bismuth, etc. Our work establishes lattice defects as a new venue to achieve high-temperature topological quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun-Hui Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
- Center for Correlated Matter and School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Xing Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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11
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Jiang Q, Palmstrom JC, Singleton J, Chikara S, Graf D, Wang C, Shi Y, Malinowski P, Wang A, Lin Z, Shen L, Xu X, Xiao D, Chu JH. Revealing Fermi surface evolution and Berry curvature in an ideal type-II Weyl semimetal. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2310. [PMID: 38485725 PMCID: PMC10940624 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46633-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In type-II Weyl semimetals (WSMs), the tilting of the Weyl cones leads to the coexistence of electron and hole pockets that touch at the Weyl nodes. These electrons and holes experience the Berry curvature generated by the Weyl nodes, leading to an anomalous Hall effect that is highly sensitive to the Fermi level position. Here we have identified field-induced ferromagnetic MnBi2-xSbxTe4 as an ideal type-II WSM with a single pair of Weyl nodes. By employing a combination of quantum oscillations and high-field Hall measurements, we have resolved the evolution of Fermi-surface sections as the Fermi level is tuned across the charge neutrality point, precisely matching the band structure of an ideal type-II WSM. Furthermore, the anomalous Hall conductivity exhibits a heartbeat-like behavior as the Fermi level is tuned across the Weyl nodes, a feature of type-II WSMs that was long predicted by theory. Our work uncovers a large free carrier contribution to the anomalous Hall effect resulting from the unique interplay between the Fermi surface and diverging Berry curvature in magnetic type-II WSMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianni Jiang
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Johanna C Palmstrom
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - John Singleton
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Shalinee Chikara
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - David Graf
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Paul Malinowski
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Aaron Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Zhong Lin
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Lingnan Shen
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Di Xiao
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jiun-Haw Chu
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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12
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Wu W, Shi Z, Ozerov M, Du Y, Wang Y, Ni XS, Meng X, Jiang X, Wang G, Hao C, Wang X, Zhang P, Pan C, Pan H, Sun Z, Yang R, Xu Y, Hou Y, Yan Z, Zhang C, Lu HZ, Chu J, Yuan X. The discovery of three-dimensional Van Hove singularity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2313. [PMID: 38485978 PMCID: PMC10940667 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46626-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Arising from the extreme/saddle point in electronic bands, Van Hove singularity (VHS) manifests divergent density of states (DOS) and induces various new states of matter such as unconventional superconductivity. VHS is believed to exist in one and two dimensions, but rarely found in three dimension (3D). Here, we report the discovery of 3D VHS in a topological magnet EuCd2As2 by magneto-infrared spectroscopy. External magnetic fields effectively control the exchange interaction in EuCd2As2, and shift 3D Weyl bands continuously, leading to the modification of Fermi velocity and energy dispersion. Above the critical field, the 3D VHS forms and is evidenced by the abrupt emergence of inter-band transitions, which can be quantitatively described by the minimal model of Weyl semimetals. Three additional optical transitions are further predicted theoretically and verified in magneto-near-infrared spectra. Our results pave the way to exploring VHS in 3D systems and uncovering the coordination between electronic correlation and the topological phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center of Brain-Inspired Intelligent Materials and Devices, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Mykhaylo Ozerov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Yuhan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Sheng Ni
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianghao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Congming Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhui Pan
- Multifunctional Platform for Innovation Precision Machining Center, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenrong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Run Yang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, 211189, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Yusheng Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongbo Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Zhou Lu
- Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junhao Chu
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Center of Brain-Inspired Intelligent Materials and Devices, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Cheng Z, Guan YJ, Xue H, Ge Y, Jia D, Long Y, Yuan SQ, Sun HX, Chong Y, Zhang B. Three-dimensional flat Landau levels in an inhomogeneous acoustic crystal. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2174. [PMID: 38467627 PMCID: PMC10928213 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46517-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
When electrons moving in two dimensions (2D) are subjected to a strong uniform magnetic field, they form flat bands called Landau levels (LLs). LLs can also arise from pseudomagnetic fields (PMFs) induced by lattice distortions. In three-dimensional (3D) systems, there has been no experimental demonstration of LLs as a type of flat band thus far. Here, we report the experimental realization of a flat 3D LL in an acoustic crystal. Starting from a lattice whose bandstructure exhibits a nodal ring, we design an inhomogeneous distortion corresponding to a specific pseudomagnetic vector potential (PVP). This distortion causes the nodal ring states to break up into LLs, including a zeroth LL that is flat along all three directions. These findings suggest the possibility of using nodal ring materials to generate 3D flat bands, allowing access to strong interactions and other attractive physical regimes in 3D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyu Cheng
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yi-Jun Guan
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Xue
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yong Ge
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ding Jia
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yang Long
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Shou-Qi Yuan
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hong-Xiang Sun
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.
| | - Yidong Chong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
| | - Baile Zhang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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14
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Fauseweh B. Quantum many-body simulations on digital quantum computers: State-of-the-art and future challenges. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2123. [PMID: 38459040 PMCID: PMC10923891 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46402-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Simulating quantum many-body systems is a key application for emerging quantum processors. While analog quantum simulation has already demonstrated quantum advantage, its digital counterpart has recently become the focus of intense research interest due to the availability of devices that aim to realize general-purpose quantum computers. In this perspective, we give a selective overview of the currently pursued approaches, review the advances in digital quantum simulation by comparing non-variational with variational approaches and identify hardware and algorithmic challenges. Based on this review, the question arises: What are the most promising problems that can be tackled with digital quantum simulation? We argue that problems of a qualitative nature are much more suitable for near-term devices then approaches aiming purely for a quantitative accuracy improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Fauseweh
- Institute for Software Technology, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Linder Höhe, 51147, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.
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15
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Xiang L, Jin H, Wang J. Quantifying the photocurrent fluctuation in quantum materials by shot noise. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2012. [PMID: 38443381 PMCID: PMC10914713 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The DC photocurrent can detect the topology and geometry of quantum materials without inversion symmetry. Herein, we propose that the DC shot noise (DSN), as the fluctuation of photocurrent operator, can also be a diagnostic of quantum materials. Particularly, we develop the quantum theory for DSNs in gapped systems and identify the shift and injection DSNs by dividing the second-order photocurrent operator into off-diagonal and diagonal contributions, respectively. Remarkably, we find that the DSNs can not be forbidden by inversion symmetry, while the constraint from time-reversal symmetry depends on the polarization of light. Furthermore, we show that the DSNs also encode the geometrical information of Bloch electrons, such as the Berry curvature and the quantum metric. Finally, guided by symmetry, we apply our theory to evaluate the DSNs in monolayer GeS and bilayer MoS2 with and without inversion symmetry and find that the DSNs can be larger in centrosymmetric phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjun Xiang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Jin
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Physics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Physics, The University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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16
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Ekahana SA, Soh Y, Tamai A, Gosálbez-Martínez D, Yao M, Hunter A, Fan W, Wang Y, Li J, Kleibert A, Vaz CAF, Ma J, Lee H, Xiong Y, Yazyev OV, Baumberger F, Shi M, Aeppli G. Anomalous electrons in a metallic kagome ferromagnet. Nature 2024; 627:67-72. [PMID: 38448698 PMCID: PMC10917658 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07085-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Ordinary metals contain electron liquids within well-defined 'Fermi' surfaces at which the electrons behave as if they were non-interacting. In the absence of transitions to entirely new phases such as insulators or superconductors, interactions between electrons induce scattering that is quadratic in the deviation of the binding energy from the Fermi level. A long-standing puzzle is that certain materials do not fit this 'Fermi liquid' description. A common feature is strong interactions between electrons relative to their kinetic energies. One route to this regime is special lattices to reduce the electron kinetic energies. Twisted bilayer graphene1-4 is an example, and trihexagonal tiling lattices (triangular 'kagome'), with all corner sites removed on a 2 × 2 superlattice, can also host narrow electron bands5 for which interaction effects would be enhanced. Here we describe spectroscopy revealing non-Fermi-liquid behaviour for the ferromagnetic kagome metal Fe3Sn2 (ref. 6). We discover three C3-symmetric electron pockets at the Brillouin zone centre, two of which are expected from density functional theory. The third and most sharply defined band emerges at low temperatures and binding energies by means of fractionalization of one of the other two, most likely on the account of enhanced electron-electron interactions owing to a flat band predicted to lie just above the Fermi level. Our discovery opens the topic of how such many-body physics involving flat bands7,8 could differ depending on whether they arise from lattice geometry or from strongly localized atomic orbitals9,10.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Y Soh
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Anna Tamai
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Gosálbez-Martínez
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Materiales de Alicante (IUMA), Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Mengyu Yao
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrew Hunter
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Wenhui Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yihao Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Junbo Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | | | - C A F Vaz
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Junzhang Ma
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Hyungjun Lee
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yimin Xiong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Department of Physics, School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, China
| | - Oleg V Yazyev
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Felix Baumberger
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ming Shi
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Center for Correlated Matter and School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - G Aeppli
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
- Quantum Center, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Huang H, Hussain W, Myers SA, Pfeiffer LN, West KW, Baldwin KW, Csáthy GA. Evidence for Topological Protection Derived from Six-Flux Composite Fermions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1461. [PMID: 38368413 PMCID: PMC10874392 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45860-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The composite fermion theory opened a new chapter in understanding many-body correlations through the formation of emergent particles. The formation of two-flux and four-flux composite fermions is well established. While there are limited data linked to the formation of six-flux composite fermions, topological protection associated with them is conspicuously lacking. Here we report evidence for the formation of a quantized and gapped fractional quantum Hall state at the filling factor ν = 9/11, which we associate with the formation of six-flux composite fermions. Our result provides evidence for the most intricate composite fermion with six fluxes and expands the already diverse family of highly correlated topological phases with a new member that cannot be characterized by correlations present in other known members. Our observations pave the way towards the study of higher order correlations in the fractional quantum Hall regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyun Huang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Waseem Hussain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - S A Myers
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - L N Pfeiffer
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - K W West
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - K W Baldwin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - G A Csáthy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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18
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Cheng E, Yan L, Shi X, Lou R, Fedorov A, Behnami M, Yuan J, Yang P, Wang B, Cheng JG, Xu Y, Xu Y, Xia W, Pavlovskii N, Peets DC, Zhao W, Wan Y, Burkhardt U, Guo Y, Li S, Felser C, Yang W, Büchner B. Tunable positions of Weyl nodes via magnetism and pressure in the ferromagnetic Weyl semimetal CeAlSi. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1467. [PMID: 38368411 PMCID: PMC10874455 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The noncentrosymmetric ferromagnetic Weyl semimetal CeAlSi with simultaneous space-inversion and time-reversal symmetry breaking provides a unique platform for exploring novel topological states. Here, by employing multiple experimental techniques, we demonstrate that ferromagnetism and pressure can serve as efficient parameters to tune the positions of Weyl nodes in CeAlSi. At ambient pressure, a magnetism-facilitated anomalous Hall/Nernst effect (AHE/ANE) is uncovered. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements demonstrated that the Weyl nodes with opposite chirality are moving away from each other upon entering the ferromagnetic phase. Under pressure, by tracing the pressure evolution of AHE and band structure, we demonstrate that pressure could also serve as a pivotal knob to tune the positions of Weyl nodes. Moreover, multiple pressure-induced phase transitions are also revealed. These findings indicate that CeAlSi provides a unique and tunable platform for exploring exotic topological physics and electron correlations, as well as catering to potential applications, such as spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erjian Cheng
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW-Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Limin Yan
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 201203, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Department of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Xianbiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding & Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, China
- Flexible Printed Electronics Technology Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Lou
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW-Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany.
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
- Joint Laboratory "Functional Quantum Materials" at BESSY II, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Alexander Fedorov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW-Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Joint Laboratory "Functional Quantum Materials" at BESSY II, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mahdi Behnami
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW-Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jian Yuan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengtao Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Bosen Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Guang Cheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanji Xu
- Institute for Applied Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xia
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Nikolai Pavlovskii
- Institute of Solid State and Materials Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Darren C Peets
- Institute of Solid State and Materials Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding & Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, China
- Flexible Printed Electronics Technology Center, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yimin Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Ulrich Burkhardt
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yanfeng Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, 210093, Nanjing, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, 201315, Shanghai, China
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Wenge Yang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 201203, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bernd Büchner
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW-Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany.
- Institute of Solid State and Materials Physics and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence-ct.qmat, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
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19
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Coen S, Garbin B, Xu G, Quinn L, Goldman N, Oppo GL, Erkintalo M, Murdoch SG, Fatome J. Nonlinear topological symmetry protection in a dissipative system. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1398. [PMID: 38360729 PMCID: PMC10869785 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44640-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigate experimentally and theoretically a system ruled by an intricate interplay between topology, nonlinearity, and spontaneous symmetry breaking. The experiment is based on a two-mode coherently-driven optical resonator where photons interact through the Kerr nonlinearity. In presence of a phase defect, the modal structure acquires a synthetic Möbius topology enabling the realization of spontaneous symmetry breaking in inherently bias-free conditions without fine tuning of parameters. Rigorous statistical tests confirm the robustness of the underlying symmetry protection, which manifests itself by a periodic alternation of the modes reminiscent of period-doubling. This dynamic also confers long term stability to various localized structures including domain walls, solitons, and breathers. Our findings are supported by an effective Hamiltonian model and have relevance to other systems of interacting bosons and to the Floquet engineering of quantum matter. They could also be beneficial to the implementation of coherent Ising machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Coen
- Physics Department, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Bruno Garbin
- Physics Department, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin, New Zealand
- NcodiN SAS, 10 Boulevard Thomas Gobert, F-91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Gang Xu
- Physics Department, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin, New Zealand
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Liam Quinn
- Physics Department, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nathan Goldman
- Center for Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex Systems, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 231, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Collège de France, CNRS, ENS-Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Gian-Luca Oppo
- SUPA and Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, Scotland
| | - Miro Erkintalo
- Physics Department, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Stuart G Murdoch
- Physics Department, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Julien Fatome
- Physics Department, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), UMR 6303 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, F-21078, Dijon, France
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20
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Guria C, Zhong Q, Ozdemir SK, Patil YSS, El-Ganainy R, Harris JGE. Resolving the topology of encircling multiple exceptional points. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1369. [PMID: 38355733 PMCID: PMC10867139 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-Hermiticity has emerged as a new paradigm for controlling coupled-mode systems in ways that cannot be achieved with conventional techniques. One aspect of this control that has received considerable attention recently is the encircling of exceptional points (EPs). To date, most work has focused on systems consisting of two modes that are tuned by two control parameters and have isolated EPs. While these systems exhibit exotic features related to EP encircling, it has been shown that richer behavior occurs in systems with more than two modes. Such systems can be tuned by more than two control parameters, and contain EPs that form a knot-like structure. Control loops that encircle this structure cause the system's eigenvalues to trace out non-commutative braids. Here we consider a hybrid scenario: a three-mode system with just two control parameters. We describe the relationship between control loops and their topology in the full and two-dimensional parameter space. We demonstrate this relationship experimentally using a three-mode mechanical system in which the control parameters are provided by optomechanical interaction with a high-finesse optical cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitres Guria
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Sahin Kaya Ozdemir
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yogesh S S Patil
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Ramy El-Ganainy
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.
- Henes Center for Quantum Phenomena, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.
| | - Jack Gwynne Emmet Harris
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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21
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Kuibarov A, Suvorov O, Vocaturo R, Fedorov A, Lou R, Merkwitz L, Voroshnin V, Facio JI, Koepernik K, Yaresko A, Shipunov G, Aswartham S, Brink JVD, Büchner B, Borisenko S. Evidence of superconducting Fermi arcs. Nature 2024; 626:294-299. [PMID: 38326595 PMCID: PMC10849961 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06977-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
An essential ingredient for the production of Majorana fermions for use in quantum computing is topological superconductivity1,2. As bulk topological superconductors remain elusive, the most promising approaches exploit proximity-induced superconductivity3, making systems fragile and difficult to realize4-7. Due to their intrinsic topology8, Weyl semimetals are also potential candidates1,2, but have always been connected with bulk superconductivity, leaving the possibility of intrinsic superconductivity of their topological surface states, the Fermi arcs, practically without attention, even from the theory side. Here, by means of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and ab initio calculations, we identify topological Fermi arcs on two opposing surfaces of the non-centrosymmetric Weyl material trigonal PtBi2 (ref. 9). We show these states become superconducting at temperatures around 10 K. Remarkably, the corresponding coherence peaks appear as the strongest and sharpest excitations ever detected by photoemission from solids. Our findings indicate that superconductivity in PtBi2 can occur exclusively at the surface, rendering it a possible platform to host Majorana modes in intrinsically topological superconductor-normal metal-superconductor Josephson junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Kuibarov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Oleksandr Suvorov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Kyiv Academic University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Riccardo Vocaturo
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Fedorov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rui Lou
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Luise Merkwitz
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vladimir Voroshnin
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
- Helmhotz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jorge I Facio
- Centro Atómico Bariloche, Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CNEA-CONICET) and Instituto Balseiro, San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Klaus Koepernik
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Grigory Shipunov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Saicharan Aswartham
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jeroen van den Brink
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernd Büchner
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sergey Borisenko
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Dresden, Germany.
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22
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Rout P, Papadopoulos N, Peñaranda F, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Prada E, San-Jose P, Goswami S. Supercurrent mediated by helical edge modes in bilayer graphene. Nat Commun 2024; 15:856. [PMID: 38287003 PMCID: PMC10824753 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44952-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Bilayer graphene encapsulated in tungsten diselenide can host a weak topological phase with pairs of helical edge states. The electrical tunability of this phase makes it an ideal platform to investigate unique topological effects at zero magnetic field, such as topological superconductivity. Here we couple the helical edges of such a heterostructure to a superconductor. The inversion of the bulk gap accompanied by helical states near zero displacement field leads to the suppression of the critical current in a Josephson geometry. Using superconducting quantum interferometry we observe an even-odd effect in the Fraunhofer interference pattern within the inverted gap phase. We show theoretically that this effect is a direct consequence of the emergence of helical modes that connect the two edges of the sample. The absence of such an effect at high displacement field, as well as in bare bilayer graphene junctions, supports this interpretation and demonstrates the topological nature of the inverted gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Rout
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2600 GA, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Nikos Papadopoulos
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2600 GA, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Peñaranda
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC. Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Elsa Prada
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC. Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo San-Jose
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC. Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Srijit Goswami
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2600 GA, Delft, The Netherlands.
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23
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Chekmazov SV, Ksenz AS, Ionov AM, Mazilkin AA, Smirnov AA, Pershina EA, Ryzhkin IA, Vilkov OY, Walls B, Zhussupbekov K, Shvets IV, Bozhko SI. The topological soliton in Peierls semimetal Sb. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2331. [PMID: 38281983 PMCID: PMC10822873 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52411-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Sb is a three-dimensional Peierls insulator. The Peierls instability gives rise to doubling of the translational period along the [111] direction and alternating van der Waals and covalent bonding between (111) atomic planes. At the (111) surface of Sb, the Peierls condition is violated, which in theory can give rise to properties differing from the bulk. The atomic and electronic structure of the (111) surface of Sb have been simulated by density functional theory calculations. We have considered the two possible (111) surfaces, containing van der Waals dangling bonds or containing covalent dangling bonds. In the models, the surfaces are infinite and the structure is defect free. Structural optimization of the model containing covalent dangling bonds results in strong deformation, which is well described by a topological soliton within the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model centered about 25 Å below the surface. The electronic states associated with the soliton see an increase in the density of states (DOS) at the Fermi level by around an order of magnitude at the soliton center. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS) measurements reveal two distinct surface regions, indicating that there are different surface regions cleaving van der Waals and covalent bonds. The DFT is in good agreement with the STM/STS experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrei S Ksenz
- Institute of Solid State Physics, RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Andrei M Ionov
- Institute of Solid State Physics, RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia
- School of Physics, Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Anton A Smirnov
- Institute of Solid State Physics, RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | | | - Ivan A Ryzhkin
- Institute of Solid State Physics, RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Oleg Yu Vilkov
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Brian Walls
- School of Physics, Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Kuanysh Zhussupbekov
- School of Physics, Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Igor V Shvets
- School of Physics, Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sergey I Bozhko
- Institute of Solid State Physics, RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia
- School of Physics, Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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24
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Cheng B, Cheng D, Jiang T, Xia W, Song B, Mootz M, Luo L, Perakis IE, Yao Y, Guo Y, Wang J. Chirality manipulation of ultrafast phase switches in a correlated CDW-Weyl semimetal. Nat Commun 2024; 15:785. [PMID: 38278821 PMCID: PMC10817907 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45036-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Light engineering of correlated states in topological materials provides a new avenue of achieving exotic topological phases inaccessible by conventional tuning methods. Here we demonstrate a light control of correlation gaps in a model charge-density-wave (CDW) and polaron insulator (TaSe4)2I recently predicted to be an axion insulator. Our ultrafast terahertz photocurrent spectroscopy reveals a two-step, non-thermal melting of polarons and electronic CDW gap via the fluence dependence of a longitudinal circular photogalvanic current. This helicity-dependent photocurrent reveals continuous ultrafast phase switches from the polaronic state to the CDW (axion) phase, and finally to a hidden Weyl phase as the pump fluence increases. Additional distinctive attributes aligning with the light-induced switches include: the mode-selective coupling of coherent phonons to the polaron and CDW modulation, and the emergence of a non-thermal chiral photocurrent above the pump threshold of CDW-related phonons. The demonstrated ultrafast chirality control of correlated topological states here holds large potentials for realizing axion electrodynamics and advancing quantum-computing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Cheng
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Di Cheng
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Tao Jiang
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Wei Xia
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Boqun Song
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Martin Mootz
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Liang Luo
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Ilias E Perakis
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-1170, USA
| | - Yongxin Yao
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Yanfeng Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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25
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Iwata T, Kousa T, Nishioka Y, Ohwada K, Sumida K, Annese E, Kakoki M, Kuroda K, Iwasawa H, Arita M, Kumar S, Kimura A, Miyamoto K, Okuda T. Laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with micrometer spatial resolution and detection of three-dimensional spin vector. Sci Rep 2024; 14:127. [PMID: 38177136 PMCID: PMC10766951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47719-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
We have developed a state-of-the-art apparatus for laser-based spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with micrometer spatial resolution (µ-SARPES). This equipment is realized by the combination of a high-resolution photoelectron spectrometer, a 6 eV laser with high photon flux that is focused down to a few micrometers, a high-precision sample stage control system, and a double very-low-energy-electron-diffraction spin detector. The setup achieves an energy resolution of 1.5 (5.5) meV without (with) the spin detection mode, compatible with a spatial resolution better than 10 µm. This enables us to probe both spatially-resolved electronic structures and vector information of spin polarization in three dimensions. The performance of µ-SARPES apparatus is demonstrated by presenting ARPES and SARPES results from topological insulators and Au photolithography patterns on a Si (001) substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Iwata
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - T Kousa
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Y Nishioka
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Ohwada
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Sumida
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - E Annese
- Brazilian Center for Research in Physics, Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-180, Brazil
| | - M Kakoki
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Kenta Kuroda
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan.
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan.
| | - H Iwasawa
- Institute for Advanced Synchrotron Light Source, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - M Arita
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - S Kumar
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - A Kimura
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Miyamoto
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - T Okuda
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
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26
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Kim HL, Saito T, Yang H, Ishizuka H, Coak MJ, Lee JH, Sim H, Oh YS, Nagaosa N, Park JG. Thermal Hall effects due to topological spin fluctuations in YMnO 3. Nat Commun 2024; 15:243. [PMID: 38172119 PMCID: PMC10764330 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The thermal Hall effect in magnetic insulators has been considered a powerful method for examining the topological nature of charge-neutral quasiparticles such as magnons. Yet, unlike the kagome system, the triangular lattice has received less attention for studying the thermal Hall effect because the scalar spin chirality cancels out between adjacent triangles. However, such cancellation cannot be perfect if the triangular lattice is distorted. Here, we report that the trimerized triangular lattice of multiferroic hexagonal manganite YMnO3 produces a highly unusual thermal Hall effect under an applied magnetic field. Our theoretical calculations demonstrate that the thermal Hall conductivity is related to the splitting of the otherwise degenerate two chiralities of its 120˚ magnetic structure. Our result is one of the most unusual cases of topological physics due to this broken Z2 symmetry of the chirality in the supposedly paramagnetic state of YMnO3, due to strong topological spin fluctuations with the additional intricacy of a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Leem Kim
- Center for Quantum Materials & Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Takuma Saito
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Heejun Yang
- Center for Quantum Materials & Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hiroaki Ishizuka
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Matthew John Coak
- Center for Quantum Materials & Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Jun Han Lee
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hasung Sim
- Center for Quantum Materials & Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Seok Oh
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Naoto Nagaosa
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Je-Geun Park
- Center for Quantum Materials & Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Siu ZB, Rafi-Ul-Islam SM, Jalil MBA. Terminal-coupling induced critical eigenspectrum transition in closed non-Hermitian loops. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22770. [PMID: 38123579 PMCID: PMC10733435 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49625-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark feature of non-Hermitian (NH) systems is the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE), in which the eigenenergy spectra of the system under open boundary conditions (OBC) and periodic boundary conditions (PBC) differ markedly from each other. In particular, the critical NHSE occurs in systems consisting of multiple non-Hermitian chains coupled in parallel where even an infinitesimally small inter-chain coupling can cause the thermodynamic-limit eigenenergy spectrum of the system to deviate significantly from the OBC spectra of the individual component chains. We overturn the conventional wisdom that multiple chains are required for such critical transitions by showing that such a critical effect can also be induced in a single finite-length non-Hermitian chain where its two ends are connected together by a weak terminal coupling to form a closed loop. An infinitesimally small terminal coupling can induce the thermodynamic-limit energy spectrum of the closed loop to switch from the OBC to the PBC spectrum of the chain. Similar to the critical NHSE, this switch occurs abruptly when the chain length exceeds a critical size limit. We explain analytically the underlying origin of the effect in a Hatano-Nelson chain system, and demonstrate its generality in more complex one-dimensional non-Hermitian chains. Our findings illustrate the generality of critical size-dependent effects in finite NH systems that arise from the interplay between the interfacial boundary conditions and the influence of edge localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Bin Siu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Republic of Singapore
| | - S M Rafi-Ul-Islam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Republic of Singapore
| | - Mansoor B A Jalil
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Republic of Singapore.
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28
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Albooyeh MR, Sadeghi A, Mohseni SM. Topolectrical Circuit Correspondence Design of Polyacetylene. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20847. [PMID: 38012249 PMCID: PMC10681999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48278-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In cis and trans geometrical configurations of the polyacetylene molecule, one-dimensional chain is constructed by attaching a number of identical -HC=CH- units one-by-one. We attach as many units as required to obtain the chain of the desired length. In case of a very long polyacetylene chain, which is practically considered infinite in length, a periodic unit is defined, so that its band structure would be calculable. Then, the electronic properties and topological properties of the chain can be predicted. Since experimental synthesis of single-layer polyacetylene chain has lots of limitations, in an alternative approach, emulation of a tight-binding model is used to describe the electron transfer in polyacetylene polymer chain. In case of either synthesis or testing the polyacetylene molecule, it is necessary to improvise a one-to-one correspondence between polyacetylene polymer and topological circuit, which is introduced for the first time in the present study. To this aim, the outputs of density functional theory calculations alongside with the calculations based on the physical chemistry formalisms are used. Here, we observed that the electronic response of the circuit is topologically sustained at frequencies where the coupling was pre-determined via high precision quantum system equivalent topolectrical circuit, as an alternative classical system, to study electron transfer of trans-polyacetylene polymer quantum chain by the precision of one-electron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Reza Albooyeh
- Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 19839-69411, Iran
| | - Ali Sadeghi
- Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 19839-69411, Iran
| | - Seyed Majid Mohseni
- Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 19839-69411, Iran.
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29
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Wang A, Li Y, Yang G, Yan D, Huang Y, Guo Z, Gao J, Huang J, Zeng Q, Qian D, Wang H, Guo X, Meng F, Zhang Q, Gu L, Zhou X, Liu G, Qu F, Qian T, Shi Y, Wang Z, Lu L, Shen J. A robust and tunable Luttinger liquid in correlated edge of transition-metal second-order topological insulator Ta 2Pd 3Te 5. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7647. [PMID: 37996440 PMCID: PMC10667360 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43361-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The interplay between topology and interaction always plays an important role in condensed matter physics and induces many exotic quantum phases, while rare transition metal layered material (TMLM) has been proved to possess both. Here we report a TMLM Ta2Pd3Te5 has the two-dimensional second-order topology (also a quadrupole topological insulator) with correlated edge states - Luttinger liquid. It is ascribed to the unconventional nature of the mismatch between charge- and atomic- centers induced by a remarkable double-band inversion. This one-dimensional protected edge state preserves the Luttinger liquid behavior with robustness and universality in scale from micro- to macro- size, leading to a significant anisotropic electrical transport through two-dimensional sides of bulk materials. Moreover, the bulk gap can be modulated by the thickness, resulting in an extensive-range phase diagram for Luttinger liquid. These provide an attractive model to study the interaction and quantum phases in correlated topological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Yupeng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Dayu Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaopeng Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiacheng Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Jierui Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaochu Zeng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Degui Qian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xingchen Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center Co. Ltd, 213300, Liyang, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Xingjiang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Guangtong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Fanming Qu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Tian Qian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Youguo Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, 523808, Dongguan, China.
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
| | - Li Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, 523808, Dongguan, China.
| | - Jie Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, 523808, Dongguan, China.
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30
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Stuhlmüller NCX, Farrokhzad F, Kuświk P, Stobiecki F, Urbaniak M, Akhundzada S, Ehresmann A, Fischer TM, de Las Heras D. Simultaneous and independent topological control of identical microparticles in non-periodic energy landscapes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7517. [PMID: 37980403 PMCID: PMC10657436 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43390-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Topological protection ensures stability of information and particle transport against perturbations. We explore experimentally and computationally the topologically protected transport of magnetic colloids above spatially inhomogeneous magnetic patterns, revealing that transport complexity can be encoded in both the driving loop and the pattern. Complex patterns support intricate transport modes when the microparticles are subjected to simple time-periodic loops of a uniform magnetic field. We design a pattern featuring a topological defect that functions as an attractor or a repeller of microparticles, as well as a pattern that directs microparticles along a prescribed complex trajectory. Using simple patterns and complex loops, we simultaneously and independently control the motion of several identical microparticles differing only in their positions above the pattern. Combining complex patterns and complex loops we transport microparticles from unknown locations to predefined positions and then force them to follow arbitrarily complex trajectories concurrently. Our findings pave the way for new avenues in transport control and dynamic self-assembly in colloidal science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico C X Stuhlmüller
- Theoretische Physik II, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Farzaneh Farrokhzad
- Experimatalphysik X, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Piotr Kuświk
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-179, Poznań, Poland
| | - Feliks Stobiecki
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-179, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Urbaniak
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-179, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sapida Akhundzada
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, D-34132, Kassel, Germany
| | - Arno Ehresmann
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, D-34132, Kassel, Germany
| | - Thomas M Fischer
- Experimatalphysik X, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Daniel de Las Heras
- Theoretische Physik II, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
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31
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Li C, Zhang J, Wang Y, Liu H, Guo Q, Rienks E, Chen W, Bertran F, Yang H, Phuyal D, Fedderwitz H, Thiagarajan B, Dendzik M, Berntsen MH, Shi Y, Xiang T, Tjernberg O. Emergence of Weyl fermions by ferrimagnetism in a noncentrosymmetric magnetic Weyl semimetal. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7185. [PMID: 37938548 PMCID: PMC10632385 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42996-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Condensed matter physics has often provided a platform for investigating the interplay between particles and fields in cases that have not been observed in high-energy physics. Here, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we provide an example of this by visualizing the electronic structure of a noncentrosymmetric magnetic Weyl semimetal candidate NdAlSi in both the paramagnetic and ferrimagnetic states. We observe surface Fermi arcs and bulk Weyl fermion dispersion as well as the emergence of new Weyl fermions in the ferrimagnetic state. Our results establish NdAlSi as a magnetic Weyl semimetal and provide an experimental observation of ferrimagnetic regulation of Weyl fermions in condensed matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11419, Sweden.
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11419, Sweden
| | - Hongxiong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qinda Guo
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11419, Sweden
| | - Emile Rienks
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Elektronenspeicherring BESSY II, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wanyu Chen
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11419, Sweden
| | - Francois Bertran
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Huancheng Yang
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Dibya Phuyal
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11419, Sweden
| | | | | | - Maciej Dendzik
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11419, Sweden
| | - Magnus H Berntsen
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11419, Sweden
| | - Youguo Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Tao Xiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Oscar Tjernberg
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 11419, Sweden.
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32
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Autti S, Haley RP, Jennings A, Pickett GR, Poole M, Schanen R, Soldatov AA, Tsepelin V, Vonka J, Zavjalov VV, Zmeev DE. Transport of bound quasiparticle states in a two-dimensional boundary superfluid. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6819. [PMID: 37919295 PMCID: PMC10622538 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42520-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The B phase of superfluid 3He can be cooled into the pure superfluid regime, where the thermal quasiparticle density is negligible. The bulk superfluid is surrounded by a quantum well at the boundaries of the container, confining a sea of quasiparticles with energies below that of those in the bulk. We can create a non-equilibrium distribution of these states within the quantum well and observe the dynamics of their motion indirectly. Here we show that the induced quasiparticle currents flow diffusively in the two-dimensional system. Combining this with a direct measurement of energy conservation, we conclude that the bulk superfluid 3He is effectively surrounded by an independent two-dimensional superfluid, which is isolated from the bulk superfluid but which readily interacts with mechanical probes. Our work shows that this two-dimensional quantum condensate and the dynamics of the surface bound states are experimentally accessible, opening the possibility of engineering two-dimensional quantum condensates of arbitrary topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuli Autti
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK.
| | - Richard P Haley
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Asher Jennings
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
- RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing, RIKEN, Wako, 351-0198, Japan
| | - George R Pickett
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Malcolm Poole
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Roch Schanen
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Arkady A Soldatov
- P.L. Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems of RAS, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktor Tsepelin
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Jakub Vonka
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Dmitry E Zmeev
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
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33
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Yu G, Wang P, Uzan-Narovlansky AJ, Jia Y, Onyszczak M, Singha R, Gui X, Song T, Tang Y, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Cava RJ, Schoop LM, Wu S. Evidence for two dimensional anisotropic Luttinger liquids at millikelvin temperatures. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7025. [PMID: 37919261 PMCID: PMC10622557 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interacting electrons in one dimension (1D) are governed by the Luttinger liquid (LL) theory in which excitations are fractionalized. Can a LL-like state emerge in a 2D system as a stable zero-temperature phase? This question is crucial in the study of non-Fermi liquids. A recent experiment identified twisted bilayer tungsten ditelluride (tWTe2) as a 2D host of LL-like physics at a few kelvins. Here we report evidence for a 2D anisotropic LL state down to 50 mK, spontaneously formed in tWTe2 with a twist angle of ~ 3o. While the system is metallic-like and nearly isotropic above 2 K, a dramatically enhanced electronic anisotropy develops in the millikelvin regime. In the anisotropic phase, we observe characteristics of a 2D LL phase including a power-law across-wire conductance and a zero-bias dip in the along-wire differential resistance. Our results represent a step forward in the search for stable LL physics beyond 1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Yu
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Pengjie Wang
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | | | - Yanyu Jia
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Michael Onyszczak
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Ratnadwip Singha
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Xin Gui
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Tiancheng Song
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Yue Tang
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Robert J Cava
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Leslie M Schoop
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Sanfeng Wu
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
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34
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Zhu W, Song R, Huang J, Wang QW, Cao Y, Zhai R, Bian Q, Shao Z, Jing H, Zhu L, Hou Y, Gao YH, Li S, Zheng F, Zhang P, Pan M, Liu J, Qu G, Gu Y, Zhang H, Dong Q, Huang Y, Yuan X, He J, Li G, Qian T, Chen G, Li SC, Pan M, Xue QK. Intrinsic surface p-wave superconductivity in layered AuSn 4. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7012. [PMID: 37919285 PMCID: PMC10622569 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42781-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for topological superconductivity (TSC) is currently an exciting pursuit, since non-trivial topological superconducting phases could host exotic Majorana modes. However, the difficulty in fabricating proximity-induced TSC heterostructures, the sensitivity to disorder and stringent topological restrictions of intrinsic TSC place serious limitations and formidable challenges on the materials and related applications. Here, we report a new type of intrinsic TSC, namely intrinsic surface topological superconductivity (IS-TSC) and demonstrate it in layered AuSn4 with Tc of 2.4 K. Different in-plane and out-of-plane upper critical fields reflect a two-dimensional (2D) character of superconductivity. The two-fold symmetric angular dependences of both magneto-transport and the zero-bias conductance peak (ZBCP) in point-contact spectroscopy (PCS) in the superconducting regime indicate an unconventional pairing symmetry of AuSn4. The superconducting gap and surface multi-bands with Rashba splitting at the Fermi level (EF), in conjunction with first-principle calculations, strongly suggest that 2D unconventional SC in AuSn4 originates from the mixture of p-wave surface and s-wave bulk contributions, which leads to a two-fold symmetric superconductivity. Our results provide an exciting paradigm to realize TSC via Rashba effect on surface superconducting bands in layered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Zhu
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Rui Song
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Mianyang, 621908, China
| | - Jierui Huang
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qi-Wei Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Runqing Zhai
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Qi Bian
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhibin Shao
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Hongmei Jing
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Lujun Zhu
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yuefei Hou
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Yu-Hang Gao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Shaojian Li
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Fawei Zheng
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100088, China.
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Mojun Pan
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Junde Liu
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Gexing Qu
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yadong Gu
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Qinxin Dong
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yifei Huang
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiaoxia Yuan
- Shaanxi Applied Physics and Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Junbao He
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Tian Qian
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.
| | - Genfu Chen
- Institute of Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.
| | - Shao-Chun Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Minghu Pan
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Qi-Kun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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35
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Wang H, Liu Y, Gong M, Jiang H, Gao X, Ma W, Luo J, Ji H, Ge J, Jia S, Gao P, Wang Z, Xie XC, Wang J. Emergent superconductivity in topological-kagome-magnet/metal heterostructures. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6998. [PMID: 37919274 PMCID: PMC10622413 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42779-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Itinerant kagome lattice magnets exhibit many novel correlated and topological quantum electronic states with broken time-reversal symmetry. Superconductivity, however, has not been observed in this class of materials, presenting a roadblock in a promising path toward topological superconductivity. Here, we report that novel superconductivity can emerge at the interface of kagome Chern magnet TbMn6Sn6 and metal heterostructures when elemental metallic thin films are deposited on either the top (001) surface or the side surfaces. Superconductivity is also successfully induced and systematically studied by using various types of metallic tips on different TbMn6Sn6 surfaces in point-contact measurements. The anisotropy of the superconducting upper critical field suggests that the emergent superconductivity is quasi-two-dimensional. Remarkably, the interface superconductor couples to the magnetic order of the kagome metal and exhibits a hysteretic magnetoresistance in the superconducting states. Taking into account the spin-orbit coupling, the observed interface superconductivity can be a surprising and more realistic realization of the p-wave topological superconductors theoretically proposed for two-dimensional semiconductors proximity-coupled to s-wave superconductors and insulating ferromagnets. Our findings of robust superconductivity in topological-Chern-magnet/metal heterostructures offer a new direction for investigating spin-triplet pairing and topological superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Center for Quantum Physics and Intelligent Sciences, Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yanzhao Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ming Gong
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Xiaoyue Gao
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wenlong Ma
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiawei Luo
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Haoran Ji
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jun Ge
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shuang Jia
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Peng Gao
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
| | - X C Xie
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
- Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jian Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100871, China.
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36
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Yu J, Foutty BA, Kwan YH, Barber ME, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Shen ZX, Parameswaran SA, Feldman BE. Spin skyrmion gaps as signatures of strong-coupling insulators in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6679. [PMID: 37865663 PMCID: PMC10590429 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The flat electronic bands in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) host a variety of correlated insulating ground states, many of which are predicted to support charged excitations with topologically non-trivial spin and/or valley skyrmion textures. However, it has remained challenging to experimentally address their ground state order and excitations, both because some of the proposed states do not couple directly to experimental probes, and because they are highly sensitive to spatial inhomogeneities in real samples. Here, using a scanning single-electron transistor, we observe thermodynamic gaps at even integer moiré filling factors at low magnetic fields. We find evidence of a field-tuned crossover from charged spin skyrmions to bare particle-like excitations, suggesting that the underlying ground state belongs to the manifold of strong-coupling insulators. From the spatial dependence of these states and the chemical potential variation within the flat bands, we infer a link between the stability of the correlated ground states and local twist angle and strain. Our work advances the microscopic understanding of the correlated insulators in MATBG and their unconventional excitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Yu
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Geballe Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Benjamin A Foutty
- Geballe Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yves H Kwan
- Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Mark E Barber
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Geballe Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Zhi-Xun Shen
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Geballe Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | | | - Benjamin E Feldman
- Geballe Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
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37
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Faraei Z, Jafari SA. Synthetic complex Weyl superconductors, chiral Josephson effect and synthetic half-vortices. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17976. [PMID: 37864055 PMCID: PMC10589258 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We show that the most generic form of spin-singlet superconducting order parameter for chiral fermions in systems with broken time reversal symmetry and inversion symmetry is of the [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is the usual order parameter and [Formula: see text] is the pseudo-scalar order parameter. After factoring out the U(1) phase [Formula: see text], this form of superconductivity admits yet additional complex structure in the plane of [Formula: see text]. The polar angle [Formula: see text] in this plane, which we call the chiral angle, can be controlled by the external flux bias. We present a synthetic setup based on stacking of topological insulators (TIs) and superconductors (SCs). Alternatively flux biasing the superconductors with a fluxes [Formula: see text] leads to [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the superconducting order parameter of the SC layers, and the chiral angle [Formula: see text] is directly given by the flux [Formula: see text] in units of the flux quantum [Formula: see text]. This can be used as a building block to construct a two-dimensional Josephson array. In this setup [Formula: see text] will be a background field defining a pseudoscalar [Formula: see text] that can be tuned to desired configuration. While in a uniform background field [Formula: see text] the dynamics of [Formula: see text] is given by standard XY model and its associated vortices, a staggered background [Formula: see text] (or equivalently [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in alternating lattice sites) creates a new set of minima for the [Formula: see text] field that will support half-vortex excitations. An isolated single engineered "half-vortex" in the [Formula: see text] field in an otherwise uniform background will bind a [Formula: see text]-half-vortex. This is similar to the way a p-wave superconducting vortex core binds a Majorana fermion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Faraei
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Seyed Akbar Jafari
- Sharif University of Technology, Department of Physics, Tehran, 11155-9161, Iran
- Institute for Advanced Simulations, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
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38
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Pan Y, Cui C, Chen Q, Chen F, Zhang L, Ren Y, Han N, Li W, Li X, Yu ZM, Chen H, Yang Y. Real higher-order Weyl photonic crystal. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6636. [PMID: 37857622 PMCID: PMC10587095 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42457-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Higher-order Weyl semimetals are a family of recently predicted topological phases simultaneously showcasing unconventional properties derived from Weyl points, such as chiral anomaly, and multidimensional topological phenomena originating from higher-order topology. The higher-order Weyl semimetal phases, with their higher-order topology arising from quantized dipole or quadrupole bulk polarizations, have been demonstrated in phononics and circuits. Here, we experimentally discover a class of higher-order Weyl semimetal phase in a three-dimensional photonic crystal (PhC), exhibiting the concurrence of the surface and hinge Fermi arcs from the nonzero Chern number and the nontrivial generalized real Chern number, respectively, coined a real higher-order Weyl PhC. Notably, the projected two-dimensional subsystem with kz = 0 is a real Chern insulator, belonging to the Stiefel-Whitney class with real Bloch wavefunctions, which is distinguished fundamentally from the Chern class with complex Bloch wavefunctions. Our work offers an ideal photonic platform for exploring potential applications and material properties associated with the higher-order Weyl points and the Stiefel-Whitney class of topological phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuang Pan
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Chaoxi Cui
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qiaolu Chen
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Fujia Chen
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Yudong Ren
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Ning Han
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Wenhao Li
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Xinrui Li
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Yu
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Hongsheng Chen
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China.
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099, China.
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000, China.
| | - Yihao Yang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China.
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099, China.
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000, China.
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39
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Korshunov A, Hu H, Subires D, Jiang Y, Călugăru D, Feng X, Rajapitamahuni A, Yi C, Roychowdhury S, Vergniory MG, Strempfer J, Shekhar C, Vescovo E, Chernyshov D, Said AH, Bosak A, Felser C, Bernevig BA, Blanco-Canosa S. Softening of a flat phonon mode in the kagome ScV 6Sn 6. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6646. [PMID: 37863907 PMCID: PMC10589229 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Geometrically frustrated kagome lattices are raising as novel platforms to engineer correlated topological electron flat bands that are prominent to electronic instabilities. Here, we demonstrate a phonon softening at the kz = π plane in ScV6Sn6. The low energy longitudinal phonon collapses at ~98 K and q = [Formula: see text] due to the electron-phonon interaction, without the emergence of long-range charge order which sets in at a different propagation vector qCDW = [Formula: see text]. Theoretical calculations corroborate the experimental finding to indicate that the leading instability is located at [Formula: see text] of a rather flat mode. We relate the phonon renormalization to the orbital-resolved susceptibility of the trigonal Sn atoms and explain the approximately flat phonon dispersion. Our data report the first example of the collapse of a kagome bosonic mode and promote the 166 compounds of kagomes as primary candidates to explore correlated flat phonon-topological flat electron physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Korshunov
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), BP 220, F-38043, Grenoble, France
| | - H Hu
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - D Subires
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Y Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - D Călugăru
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - X Feng
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Rajapitamahuni
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - C Yi
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - S Roychowdhury
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - M G Vergniory
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - J Strempfer
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - C Shekhar
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - E Vescovo
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - D Chernyshov
- Swiss-Norwegian BeamLines at European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | - A H Said
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - A Bosak
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), BP 220, F-38043, Grenoble, France
| | - C Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - B Andrei Bernevig
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain.
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - S Blanco-Canosa
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013, Bilbao, Spain.
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40
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Allein F, Anastasiadis A, Chaunsali R, Frankel I, Boechler N, Diakonos FK, Theocharis G. Strain topological metamaterials and revealing hidden topology in higher-order coordinates. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6633. [PMID: 37857621 PMCID: PMC10587163 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42321-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Topological physics has revolutionized materials science, introducing topological phases of matter in diverse settings ranging from quantum to photonic and phononic systems. Herein, we present a family of topological systems, which we term "strain topological metamaterials", whose topological properties are hidden and unveiled only under higher-order (strain) coordinate transformations. We firstly show that the canonical mass dimer, a model that can describe various settings such as electrical circuits and optics, among others, belongs to this family where strain coordinates reveal a topological nontriviality for the edge states at free boundaries. Subsequently, we introduce a mechanical analog of the Majorana-supporting Kitaev chain, which supports topological edge states for both fixed and free boundaries within the proposed framework. Thus, our findings not only extend the way topological edge states are identified, but also promote the fabrication of novel topological metamaterials in various fields, with more complex, tailored boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Allein
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Junia, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520-IEMN-Institut d'Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Adamantios Anastasiadis
- Laboratoire d'Acoustique de l'Université du Mans (LAUM), UMR 6613, Institut d'Acoustique-Graduate School (IA-GS), CNRS, Le Mans Université, Le Mans, France
| | - Rajesh Chaunsali
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Ian Frankel
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nicholas Boechler
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Georgios Theocharis
- Laboratoire d'Acoustique de l'Université du Mans (LAUM), UMR 6613, Institut d'Acoustique-Graduate School (IA-GS), CNRS, Le Mans Université, Le Mans, France.
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41
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Quirk NP, Cheng G, Manna K, Felser C, Yao N, Ong NP. Anisotropic resistance with a 90° twist in a ferromagnetic Weyl semimetal, Co 2MnGa. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6583. [PMID: 37852969 PMCID: PMC10584932 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42222-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Weyl semimetals exhibit exotic magnetotransport phenomena such as the chiral anomaly and surface-to-bulk quantum oscillations (Weyl orbits) due to chiral bulk states and topologically protected surface states. Here we report a unique transport property in crystals of the ferromagnetic nodal-line Weyl semimetal Co2MnGa that have been polished to micron thicknesses using a focused ion beam. These thin crystals exhibit a large planar resistance anisotropy (10 × ) with axes that rotate by 90 degrees between opposite faces of the crystal. We use symmetry arguments and electrostatic simulations to show that the observed anisotropy resembles that of an isotropic conductor with surface states that are impeded from hybridization with bulk states. The origin of these states awaits further experiments that can correlate the surface bands with the observed 90° twist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P Quirk
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Guangming Cheng
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Kaustuv Manna
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nan Yao
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - N P Ong
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
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42
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Li T, Hu H. Floquet non-Abelian topological insulator and multifold bulk-edge correspondence. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6418. [PMID: 37828030 PMCID: PMC10570273 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Topological phases characterized by non-Abelian charges are beyond the scope of the paradigmatic tenfold way and have gained increasing attention recently. Here we investigate topological insulators with multiple tangled gaps in Floquet settings and identify uncharted Floquet non-Abelian topological insulators without any static or Abelian analog. We demonstrate that the bulk-edge correspondence is multifold and follows the multiplication rule of the quaternion group Q8. The same quaternion charge corresponds to several distinct edge-state configurations that are fully determined by phase-band singularities of the time evolution. In the anomalous non-Abelian phase, edge states appear in all bandgaps despite trivial quaternion charge. Furthermore, we uncover an exotic swap effect-the emergence of interface modes with swapped driving, which is a signature of the non-Abelian dynamics and absent in Floquet Abelian systems. Our work, for the first time, presents Floquet topological insulators characterized by non-Abelian charges and opens up exciting possibilities for exploring the rich and uncharted territory of non-equilibrium topological phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Haiping Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
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43
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Bao S, Gu ZL, Shangguan Y, Huang Z, Liao J, Zhao X, Zhang B, Dong ZY, Wang W, Kajimoto R, Nakamura M, Fennell T, Yu SL, Li JX, Wen J. Direct observation of topological magnon polarons in a multiferroic material. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6093. [PMID: 37773159 PMCID: PMC10541872 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41791-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnon polarons are novel elementary excitations possessing hybrid magnonic and phononic signatures, and are responsible for many exotic spintronic and magnonic phenomena. Despite long-term sustained experimental efforts in chasing for magnon polarons, direct spectroscopic evidence of their existence is hardly observed. Here, we report the direct observation of magnon polarons using neutron spectroscopy on a multiferroic Fe2Mo3O8 possessing strong magnon-phonon coupling. Specifically, below the magnetic ordering temperature, a gap opens at the nominal intersection of the original magnon and phonon bands, leading to two separated magnon-polaron bands. Each of the bands undergoes mixing, interconverting and reversing between its magnonic and phononic components. We attribute the formation of magnon polarons to the strong magnon-phonon coupling induced by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Intriguingly, we find that the band-inverted magnon polarons are topologically nontrivial. These results uncover exotic elementary excitations arising from the magnon-phonon coupling, and offer a new route to topological states by considering hybridizations between different types of fundamental excitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Bao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhao-Long Gu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yanyan Shangguan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhentao Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Junbo Liao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Dong
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ryoichi Kajimoto
- J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Nakamura
- J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Tom Fennell
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), CH-5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Shun-Li Yu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Jian-Xin Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Jinsheng Wen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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44
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Mai P, Zhao J, Feldman BE, Phillips PW. 1/4 is the new 1/2 when topology is intertwined with Mottness. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5999. [PMID: 37752137 PMCID: PMC10522641 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41465-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In non-interacting systems, bands from non-trivial topology emerge strictly at half-filling and exhibit either the quantum anomalous Hall or spin Hall effects. Here we show using determinantal quantum Monte Carlo and an exactly solvable strongly interacting model that these topological states now shift to quarter filling. A topological Mott insulator is the underlying cause. The peak in the spin susceptibility is consistent with a possible ferromagnetic state at T = 0. The onset of such magnetism would convert the quantum spin Hall to a quantum anomalous Hall effect. While such a symmetry-broken phase typically is accompanied by a gap, we find that the interaction strength must exceed a critical value for this to occur. Hence, we predict that topology can obtain in a gapless phase but only in the presence of interactions in dispersive bands. These results explain the recent quarter-filled quantum anomalous Hall effects seen in moiré systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhi Mai
- Department of Physics and Institute of Condensed Matter Theory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jinchao Zhao
- Department of Physics and Institute of Condensed Matter Theory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Benjamin E Feldman
- Geballe Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Philip W Phillips
- Department of Physics and Institute of Condensed Matter Theory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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45
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Baten RN, Tian Y, Smith EN, Mueller EJ, Parpia JM. Observation of suppressed viscosity in the normal state of 3He due to superfluid fluctuations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5834. [PMID: 37730714 PMCID: PMC10511454 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41422-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence of fluctuations in transport have long been predicted in 3He. They are expected to contribute only within 100μK of Tc and play a vital role in the theoretical modeling of ordering; they encode details about the Fermi liquid parameters, pairing symmetry, and scattering phase shifts. It is expected that they will be of crucial importance for transport probes of the topologically nontrivial features of superfluid 3He under strong confinement. Here we characterize the temperature and pressure dependence of the fluctuation signature, by monitoring the quality factor of a quartz tuning fork oscillator. We have observed a fluctuation-driven reduction in the viscosity of bulk 3He, finding data collapse consistent with the predicted theoretical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakin N Baten
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Yefan Tian
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Eric N Smith
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Erich J Mueller
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jeevak M Parpia
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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46
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Lei S, Allen K, Huang J, Moya JM, Wu TC, Casas B, Zhang Y, Oh JS, Hashimoto M, Lu D, Denlinger J, Jozwiak C, Bostwick A, Rotenberg E, Balicas L, Birgeneau R, Foster MS, Yi M, Sun Y, Morosan E. Weyl nodal ring states and Landau quantization with very large magnetoresistance in square-net magnet EuGa 4. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5812. [PMID: 37726328 PMCID: PMC10509256 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic topological semimetals allow for an effective control of the topological electronic states by tuning the spin configuration. Among them, Weyl nodal line semimetals are thought to have the greatest tunability, yet they are the least studied experimentally due to the scarcity of material candidates. Here, using a combination of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and quantum oscillation measurements, together with density functional theory calculations, we identify the square-net compound EuGa4 as a magnetic Weyl nodal ring semimetal, in which the line nodes form closed rings near the Fermi level. The Weyl nodal ring states show distinct Landau quantization with clear spin splitting upon application of a magnetic field. At 2 K in a field of 14 T, the transverse magnetoresistance of EuGa4 exceeds 200,000%, which is more than two orders of magnitude larger than that of other known magnetic topological semimetals. Our theoretical model suggests that the non-saturating magnetoresistance up to 40 T arises as a consequence of the nodal ring state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Lei
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
- Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
| | - Kevin Allen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jianwei Huang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jaime M Moya
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Tsz Chun Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Brian Casas
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahase, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Ji Seop Oh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Makoto Hashimoto
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Donghui Lu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Jonathan Denlinger
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Chris Jozwiak
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Aaron Bostwick
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Eli Rotenberg
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Luis Balicas
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahase, FL, 32310, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Robert Birgeneau
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Matthew S Foster
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Yan Sun
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Emilia Morosan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
- Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
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47
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Timoshuk I, Tikhonov K, Makhlin Y. Quantum computation at the edge of a disordered Kitaev honeycomb lattice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15263. [PMID: 37709834 PMCID: PMC10502100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41997-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyze propagation of quantum information along chiral Majorana edge states in two-dimensional topological materials. The use of edge states may facilitate the braiding operation, an important ingredient in topological quantum computations. For the edge of the Kitaev honeycomb model in a topological phase, we discuss how the edge states can participate in quantum-information processing, and consider a two-qubit logic gate between distant external qubits coupled to the edge. Here we analyze the influence of disorder and noise on properties of the edge states and quantum-gate fidelity. We find that realistically weak disorder does not prevent one from implementation of a high-fidelity operation via the edge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Timoshuk
- Condensed-Matter Physics Laboratory, HSE University, 101000, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Tikhonov
- L. D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, 142432, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Yuriy Makhlin
- Condensed-Matter Physics Laboratory, HSE University, 101000, Moscow, Russia.
- L. D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, 142432, Chernogolovka, Russia.
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48
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Xiang ZC, Huang K, Zhang YR, Liu T, Shi YH, Deng CL, Liu T, Li H, Liang GH, Mei ZY, Yu H, Xue G, Tian Y, Song X, Liu ZB, Xu K, Zheng D, Nori F, Fan H. Simulating Chern insulators on a superconducting quantum processor. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5433. [PMID: 37669968 PMCID: PMC10480218 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41230-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The quantum Hall effect, fundamental in modern condensed matter physics, continuously inspires new theories and predicts emergent phases of matter. Here we experimentally demonstrate three types of Chern insulators with synthetic dimensions on a programable 30-qubit-ladder superconducting processor. We directly measure the band structures of the 2D Chern insulator along synthetic dimensions with various configurations of Aubry-André-Harper chains and observe dynamical localisation of edge excitations. With these two signatures of topology, our experiments implement the bulk-edge correspondence in the synthetic 2D Chern insulator. Moreover, we simulate two different bilayer Chern insulators on the ladder-type superconducting processor. With the same and opposite periodically modulated on-site potentials for two coupled chains, we simulate topologically nontrivial edge states with zero Hall conductivity and a Chern insulator with higher Chern numbers, respectively. Our work shows the potential of using superconducting qubits for investigating different intriguing topological phases of quantum matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Cheng Xiang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Kaixuan Huang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, Teda Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yu-Ran Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Quantum Computing, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tao Liu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yun-Hao Shi
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Cheng-Lin Deng
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Gui-Han Liang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zheng-Yang Mei
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Haifeng Yu
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guangming Xue
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiaohui Song
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhi-Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, Teda Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- CAS Centre for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, UCAS, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Dongning Zheng
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, UCAS, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Center for Quantum Computing, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Physics Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1040, USA.
| | - Heng Fan
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- CAS Centre for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, UCAS, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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49
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Kato YD, Okamura Y, Hirschberger M, Tokura Y, Takahashi Y. Topological magneto-optical effect from skyrmion lattice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5416. [PMID: 37669971 PMCID: PMC10480175 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41203-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The magnetic skyrmion is a spin-swirling topological object characterized by its nontrivial winding number, holding potential for next-generation spintronic devices. While optical readout has become increasingly important towards the high integration and ultrafast operation of those devices, the optical response of skyrmions has remained elusive. Here, we show the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) induced by the skyrmion formation, i.e., topological MOKE, in Gd2PdSi3. The significantly enhanced optical rotation found in the skyrmion phase demonstrates the emergence of topological MOKE, exemplifying the light-skyrmion interaction arising from the emergent gauge field. This gauge field in momentum space causes a dramatic reconstruction of the electronic band structure, giving rise to magneto-optical activity ranging up to the sub-eV region. The present findings pave a way for photonic technology based on skyrmionics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro D Kato
- Department of Applied Physics and Quantum Phase Electronics Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Okamura
- Department of Applied Physics and Quantum Phase Electronics Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Max Hirschberger
- Department of Applied Physics and Quantum Phase Electronics Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Tokura
- Department of Applied Physics and Quantum Phase Electronics Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Japan
- Tokyo College, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Youtarou Takahashi
- Department of Applied Physics and Quantum Phase Electronics Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Japan.
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50
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de la Torre A, Zager B, Bahrami F, Upton MH, Kim J, Fabbris G, Lee GH, Yang W, Haskel D, Tafti F, Plumb KW. Momentum-independent magnetic excitation continuum in the honeycomb iridate H 3LiIr 2O 6. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5018. [PMID: 37596328 PMCID: PMC10439105 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40769-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the interplay between the inherent disorder and the correlated fluctuating-spin ground state is a key element in the search for quantum spin liquids. H3LiIr2O6 is considered to be a spin liquid that is proximate to the Kitaev-limit quantum spin liquid. Its ground state shows no magnetic order or spin freezing as expected for the spin liquid state. However, hydrogen zero-point motion and stacking faults are known to be present. The resulting bond disorder has been invoked to explain the existence of unexpected low-energy spin excitations, although data interpretation remains challenging. Here, we use resonant X-ray spectroscopies to map the collective excitations in H3LiIr2O6 and characterize its magnetic state. In the low-temperature correlated state, we reveal a broad bandwidth of magnetic excitations. The central energy and the high-energy tail of the continuum are consistent with expectations for dominant ferromagnetic Kitaev interactions between dynamically fluctuating spins. Furthermore, the absence of a momentum dependence to these excitations are consistent with disorder-induced broken translational invariance. Our low-energy data and the energy and width of the crystal field excitations support an interpretation of H3LiIr2O6 as a disordered topological spin liquid in close proximity to bond-disordered versions of the Kitaev quantum spin liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- A de la Torre
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
| | - B Zager
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - F Bahrami
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
| | - M H Upton
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - J Kim
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - G Fabbris
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - G-H Lee
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, 94720, USA
| | - W Yang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, 94720, USA
| | - D Haskel
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - F Tafti
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
| | - K W Plumb
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
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