1
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Pompili R, Anania MP, Biagioni A, Carillo M, Chiadroni E, Cianchi A, Costa G, Curcio A, Crincoli L, Del Dotto A, Del Giorno M, Demurtas F, Galletti M, Giribono A, Lollo V, Opromolla M, Parise G, Pellegrini D, Di Pirro G, Romeo S, Silvi GJ, Verra L, Villa F, Zigler A, Ferrario M. Acceleration and focusing of relativistic electron beams in a compact plasma device. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:055202. [PMID: 38907494 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.055202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Plasma wakefield acceleration represented a breakthrough in the field of particle accelerators by pushing beams to gigaelectronvolt energies within centimeter distances. The large electric fields excited by a driver pulse in the plasma can efficiently accelerate a trailing witness bunch paving the way toward the realization of laboratory-scale applications like free-electron lasers. However, while the accelerator size is tremendously reduced, upstream and downstream of it the beams are still handled with conventional magnetic optics with sizable footprints and rather long focal lengths. Here we show the operation of a compact device that integrates two active-plasma lenses with short focal lengths to assist the plasma accelerator stage. We demonstrate the focusing and energy gain of a witness bunch whose phase space is completely characterized in terms of energy and emittance. These results represent an important step toward the accelerator miniaturization and the development of next-generation table-top machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pompili
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M P Anania
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Biagioni
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Carillo
- University of Rome Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - E Chiadroni
- University of Rome Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - A Cianchi
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- INFN Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- NAST Center, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Costa
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Curcio
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - L Crincoli
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Del Dotto
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Del Giorno
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Demurtas
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Galletti
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- INFN Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- NAST Center, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - A Giribono
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Lollo
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Opromolla
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Parise
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - D Pellegrini
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Di Pirro
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Romeo
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G J Silvi
- University of Rome Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - L Verra
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Villa
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Zigler
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - M Ferrario
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
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2
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Cheng R, Hu ZH, Hui DX, Zhao YT, Chen YH, Gao F, Lei Y, Wang YY, Zhu BL, Yang Y, Wang Z, Zhou ZX, Wang YN, Yang J. Collective energy-spectrum broadening of a proton beam in a gas-discharge plasma. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:063216. [PMID: 34271707 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.063216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An accurate understanding of ion-beam transport in plasmas is crucial for applications in inertial fusion energy and high-energy-density physics. We present an experimental measurement on the energy spectrum of a proton beam at 270 keV propagating through a gas-discharge hydrogen plasma. We observe the energies of the beam protons changing as a function of the plasma density and spectrum broadening due to a collective beam-plasma interaction. Supported by linear theory and three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we attribute this energy modulation to a two-stream instability excitation and further saturation by beam ion trapping in the wave. The widths of the energy spectrum from both experiment and simulation agree with the theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cheng
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou 516003, China
| | - Zhang-Hu Hu
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - De-Xuan Hui
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yong-Tao Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yan-Hong Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fei Gao
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu-Yu Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bing-Li Zhu
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.,College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ze-Xian Zhou
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.,College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - You-Nian Wang
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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3
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Yakimenko V, Meuren S, Del Gaudio F, Baumann C, Fedotov A, Fiuza F, Grismayer T, Hogan MJ, Pukhov A, Silva LO, White G. Prospect of Studying Nonperturbative QED with Beam-Beam Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:190404. [PMID: 31144933 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.190404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the experimental feasibility of probing the fully nonperturbative regime of quantum electrodynamics with a 100 GeV-class particle collider. By using tightly compressed and focused electron beams, beamstrahlung radiation losses can be mitigated, allowing the particles to experience extreme electromagnetic fields. Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations confirm the viability of this approach. The experimental forefront envisaged has the potential to establish a novel research field and to stimulate the development of a new theoretical methodology for this yet unexplored regime of strong-field quantum electrodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Yakimenko
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Meuren
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - F Del Gaudio
- GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - C Baumann
- Institut für Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Fedotov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409, Russia
| | - F Fiuza
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T Grismayer
- GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M J Hogan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Pukhov
- Institut für Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - L O Silva
- GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - G White
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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4
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Pompili R, Anania MP, Bellaveglia M, Biagioni A, Bini S, Bisesto F, Brentegani E, Cardelli F, Castorina G, Chiadroni E, Cianchi A, Coiro O, Costa G, Croia M, Di Giovenale D, Ferrario M, Filippi F, Giribono A, Lollo V, Marocchino A, Marongiu M, Martinelli V, Mostacci A, Pellegrini D, Piersanti L, Di Pirro G, Romeo S, Rossi AR, Scifo J, Shpakov V, Stella A, Vaccarezza C, Villa F, Zigler A. Focusing of High-Brightness Electron Beams with Active-Plasma Lenses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:174801. [PMID: 30411933 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.174801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasma-based technology promises a tremendous reduction in size of accelerators used for research, medical, and industrial applications, making it possible to develop tabletop machines accessible for a broader scientific community. By overcoming current limits of conventional accelerators and pushing particles to larger and larger energies, the availability of strong and tunable focusing optics is mandatory also because plasma-accelerated beams usually have large angular divergences. In this regard, active-plasma lenses represent a compact and affordable tool to generate radially symmetric magnetic fields several orders of magnitude larger than conventional quadrupoles and solenoids. However, it has been recently proved that the focusing can be highly nonlinear and induce a dramatic emittance growth. Here, we present experimental results showing how these nonlinearities can be minimized and lensing improved. These achievements represent a major breakthrough toward the miniaturization of next-generation focusing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pompili
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M P Anania
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Bellaveglia
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Biagioni
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Bini
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Bisesto
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - E Brentegani
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Cardelli
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Castorina
- Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - E Chiadroni
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Cianchi
- University or Rome Tor Vergata and INFN, Via Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - O Coiro
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Costa
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Croia
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - D Di Giovenale
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Ferrario
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Filippi
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Giribono
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Lollo
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Marocchino
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Marongiu
- Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - V Martinelli
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Mostacci
- Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - D Pellegrini
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - L Piersanti
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Di Pirro
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S Romeo
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A R Rossi
- INFN Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - J Scifo
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Shpakov
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Stella
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - C Vaccarezza
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Villa
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Zigler
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
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5
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Coleman JE, Colgan J. Collisional heating and adiabatic expansion of warm dense matter with intense relativistic electrons. Phys Rev E 2017; 96:013208. [PMID: 29347078 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.013208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Adiabatic expansion of a warm dense Ti plasma has been observed after isochoric heating of a 100-μm-thick Ti foil with an ∼100-ns-long intense relativistic electron bunch at an energy of 19.8 MeV and a current of 1.7 kA. The expansion fits well with the analytical point-source solution. After 10 J is deposited and the plasma rapidly expands out of the warm dense phase, a stable degenerate plasma (T∼1.2eV) with n_{e}>10^{17}cm^{-3} is measured for >100 ns. This is the first temporal measurement of the generation and adiabatic expansion of a large volume (3×10^{-4}cm^{3}) of warm dense plasma isochorically heated by intense monochromatic electrons. The suite of diagnostics is presented, which includes time-resolved plasma plume expansion measurements on a single shot, visible spectroscopy measurements of the emission and absorption spectrum, measurements of the beam distribution, and plans for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Coleman
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Colgan
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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6
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Braenzel J, Andreev AA, Abicht F, Ehrentraut L, Platonov K, Schnürer M. Amplification of Relativistic Electron Bunches by Acceleration in Laser Fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:014801. [PMID: 28106423 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.014801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Direct acceleration of electrons in a coherent, intense light field is revealed by a remarkable increase of the electron number in the MeV energy range. Laser irradiation of thin polymer foils with a peak intensity of ∼1×10^{20} W/cm^{2} releases electron bunches along the laser propagation direction that are postaccelerated in the partly transmitted laser field. They are decoupled from the laser field at high kinetic energies, when a second foil target at an appropriate distance prevents their subsequent deceleration in the declining laser field. The scheme is established with laser pulses of high temporal contrast (10^{10} peak to background ratio) and two ultrathin polymer foils at a distance of 500 μm. 2D particle in cell simulations and an analytical model confirm a significant change of the electron spectral distribution due to the double foil setup, which leads to an amplification of about 3 times of the electron number around a peak at 1 MeV electron energy. The result verifies a theoretical concept of direct electron bunch acceleration in a laser field that is scalable to extreme acceleration potential gradients. This method can be used to enhance the density and energy spread of electron bunches injected into postaccelerator stages of laser driven radiation sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Braenzel
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Str. 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A A Andreev
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Str. 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Attosecond Light Pulse Source (ELI-ALPS), Dugonicster 13, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - F Abicht
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Str. 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Ehrentraut
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Str. 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - K Platonov
- Vavilov State Optical Institute, Birzhevaya line 12, 199064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M Schnürer
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Str. 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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7
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Demonstration of relativistic electron beam focusing by a laser-plasma lens. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6860. [PMID: 25880791 PMCID: PMC4410646 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Laser-plasma technology promises a drastic reduction of the size of high-energy electron accelerators. It could make free-electron lasers available to a broad scientific community and push further the limits of electron accelerators for high-energy physics. Furthermore, the unique femtosecond nature of the source makes it a promising tool for the study of ultrafast phenomena. However, applications are hindered by the lack of suitable lens to transport this kind of high-current electron beams mainly due to their divergence. Here we show that this issue can be solved by using a laser-plasma lens in which the field gradients are five order of magnitude larger than in conventional optics. We demonstrate a reduction of the divergence by nearly a factor of three, which should allow for an efficient coupling of the beam with a conventional beam transport line. Laser-driven plasmas can accelerate electrons in set-ups far smaller than conventional particle accelerators, but beam divergence is a problem. Here, the authors demonstrate a laser-plasma lens that can focus the beam thanks to field gradients five order of magnitude larger than using traditional optics.
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8
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Dorf MA, Kaganovich ID, Startsev EA, Davidson RC. Enhanced self-focusing of an ion beam pulse propagating through a background plasma along a solenoidal magnetic field. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:075003. [PMID: 19792651 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.075003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
It is shown that the application of a weak solenoidal magnetic field along the direction of ion beam propagation through a neutralizing background plasma can significantly enhance the beam self-focusing for the case where the beam radius is small compared to the collisionless electron skin depth. The enhanced focusing is provided by a strong radial self-electric field that is generated due to a local polarization of the magnetized plasma background by the moving ion beam. A positive charge of the ion beam pulse becomes overcompensated by the plasma electrons, which results in the radial focusing of the beam ions. The expression for the self-focusing force is derived analytically and compared with the results of numerical simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail A Dorf
- Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
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9
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Hogan MJ, Clayton CE, Huang C, Muggli P, Wang S, Blue BE, Walz D, Marsh KA, O'Connell CL, Lee S, Iverson R, Decker FJ, Raimondi P, Mori WB, Katsouleas TC, Joshi C, Siemann RH. Ultrarelativistic-positron-beam transport through meter-scale plasmas. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 90:205002. [PMID: 12785902 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.205002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first study of the dynamic transverse forces imparted to an ultrarelativistic positron beam by a long plasma in the underdense regime. Focusing of the 28.5 GeV beam is observed from time-resolved beam profiles after the 1.4 m plasma. The strength of the imparted force varies along the approximately 12 ps full length of the bunch as well as with plasma density. Computer simulations substantiate the longitudinal aberration seen in the data and reveal mechanisms for emittance degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Hogan
- Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, California 94309, USA
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10
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Clayton CE, Blue BE, Dodd ES, Joshi C, Marsh KA, Mori WB, Wang S, Catravas P, Chattopadhyay S, Esarey E, Leemans WP, Assmann R, Decker FJ, Hogan MJ, Iverson R, Raimondi P, Siemann RH, Walz D, Katsouleas T, Lee S, Muggli P. Transverse envelope dynamics of a 28.5-GeV electron beam in a long plasma. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 88:154801. [PMID: 11955201 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.154801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The transverse dynamics of a 28.5-GeV electron beam propagating in a 1.4 m long, (0-2)x10(14) cm(-3) plasma are studied experimentally in the underdense or blowout regime. The transverse component of the wake field excited by the short electron bunch focuses the bunch, which experiences multiple betatron oscillations as the plasma density is increased. The spot-size variations are observed using optical transition radiation and Cherenkov radiation. In this regime, the behavior of the spot size as a function of the plasma density is well described by a simple beam-envelope model. Dynamic changes of the beam envelope are observed by time resolving the Cherenkov light.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Clayton
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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11
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Ng JS, Chen P, Baldis H, Bolton P, Cline D, Craddock W, Crawford C, Decker FJ, Field C, Fukui Y, Kumar V, Iverson R, King F, Kirby RE, Nakajima K, Noble R, Ogata A, Raimondi P, Walz D, Weidemann AW. Observation of plasma focusing of a 28.5 GeV positron beam. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 87:244801. [PMID: 11736507 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.244801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The observation of plasma focusing of a 28.5 GeV positron beam is reported. The plasma was formed by ionizing a nitrogen jet only 3 mm thick. Simultaneous focusing in both transverse dimensions was observed with effective focusing strengths of order tesla per micron. The minimum area of the beam spot was reduced by a factor of 2.0+/-0.3 by the plasma. The longitudinal beam envelope was measured and compared with numerical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Ng
- Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, P.O. Box 4349, Stanford, California 94309, USA
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12
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Kapetanakos CA, Drakakis E, Xenidi Z, Karabourniotis D. Proposal for beam extraction from a modified betatron accelerator using a toroidal electric field. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 74:4851-4854. [PMID: 10058615 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.74.4851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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