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Optical Lines of Ru21+ to Ru24+ Ions. ATOMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atoms10040154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report a spectroscopy measurement of Ru21+ to Ru24+ ions in the optical region using a low energy electron beam ion trap. Twelve lines were observed. The multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock and relativistic configuration interaction methods were used to calculate the atomic level energies and the transition rates. With the assistance of the theoretical results, eleven magnetic dipole lines were identified. The experimental results provide new reference data for further theoretical investigations of the complex ions.
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Detection of metastable electronic states by Penning trap mass spectrometry. Nature 2020; 581:42-46. [PMID: 32376960 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
State-of-the-art optical clocks1 achieve precisions of 10-18 or better using ensembles of atoms in optical lattices2,3 or individual ions in radio-frequency traps4,5. Promising candidates for use in atomic clocks are highly charged ions6 (HCIs) and nuclear transitions7, which are largely insensitive to external perturbations and reach wavelengths beyond the optical range8 that are accessible to frequency combs9. However, insufficiently accurate atomic structure calculations hinder the identification of suitable transitions in HCIs. Here we report the observation of a long-lived metastable electronic state in an HCI by measuring the mass difference between the ground and excited states in rhenium, providing a non-destructive, direct determination of an electronic excitation energy. The result is in agreement with advanced calculations. We use the high-precision Penning trap mass spectrometer PENTATRAP to measure the cyclotron frequency ratio of the ground state to the metastable state of the ion with a precision of 10-11-an improvement by a factor of ten compared with previous measurements10,11. With a lifetime of about 130 days, the potential soft-X-ray frequency reference at 4.96 × 1016 hertz (corresponding to a transition energy of 202 electronvolts) has a linewidth of only 5 × 10-8 hertz and one of the highest electronic quality factors (1024) measured experimentally so far. The low uncertainty of our method will enable searches for further soft-X-ray clock transitions8,12 in HCIs, which are required for precision studies of fundamental physics6.
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Liang S, Lu Q, Wang X, Yang Y, Yao K, Shen Y, Wei B, Xiao J, Chen S, Zhou P, Sun W, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Guan H, Tong X, Li C, Zou Y, Shi T, Gao K. A low-energy compact Shanghai-Wuhan electron beam ion trap for extraction of highly charged ions. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:093301. [PMID: 31575235 DOI: 10.1063/1.5112154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A low-energy, compact, and superconducting electron beam ion trap (the Shanghai-Wuhan EBIT or SW-EBIT) for extraction of highly charged ions is presented. The magnetic field in the central drift tube of the SW-EBIT is approximately 0.21 T produced by a pair of high-temperature superconducting coils. The electron-beam energy of the SW-EBIT is in the range of 30-4000 eV, and the maximum electron-beam current is up to 9 mA. Acting as a source of highly charged ions, the ion-beam optics for extraction is integrated, including an ion extractor and an einzel lens. A Wien filter is then used to measure the charge-state distribution of the extracted ions. In this work, the tungsten ions below the charge state of 15 have been produced, extracted, and analyzed. The charge-state distributions and spectra in the range of 530-580 nm of tungsten ions have been measured simultaneously with the electron-beam energy of 279 eV and 300 eV, which preliminarily indicates that the 549.9 nm line comes from W14+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qifeng Lu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xincheng Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ke Yao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Baoren Wei
- Institute of Modern Physics, Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shaolong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Pengpeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hua Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xin Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chengbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yaming Zou
- Institute of Modern Physics, Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tingyun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kelin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
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Micke P, Kühn S, Buchauer L, Harries JR, Bücking TM, Blaum K, Cieluch A, Egl A, Hollain D, Kraemer S, Pfeifer T, Schmidt PO, Schüssler RX, Schweiger C, Stöhlker T, Sturm S, Wolf RN, Bernitt S, Crespo López-Urrutia JR. The Heidelberg compact electron beam ion traps. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:063109. [PMID: 29960545 DOI: 10.1063/1.5026961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Electron beam ion traps (EBITs) are ideal tools for both production and study of highly charged ions (HCIs). In order to reduce their construction, maintenance, and operation costs, we have developed a novel, compact, room-temperature design, the Heidelberg Compact EBIT (HC-EBIT). Four already commissioned devices operate at the strongest fields (up to 0.86 T) reported for such EBITs using permanent magnets, run electron beam currents up to 80 mA, and energies up to 10 keV. They demonstrate HCI production, trapping, and extraction of pulsed Ar16+ bunches and continuous 100 pA ion beams of highly charged Xe up to charge state 29+, already with a 4 mA, 2 keV electron beam. Moreover, HC-EBITs offer large solid-angle ports and thus high photon count rates, e.g., in x-ray spectroscopy of dielectronic recombination in HCIs up to Fe24+, achieving an electron-energy resolving power of E/ΔE > 1500 at 5 keV. Besides traditional on-axis electron guns, we have also implemented a novel off-axis gun for laser, synchrotron, and free-electron laser applications, offering clear optical access along the trap axis. We report on its first operation at a synchrotron radiation facility demonstrating the resonant photoexcitation of highly charged oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Micke
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Kühn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L Buchauer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J R Harries
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, SPring-8, Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - T M Bücking
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Blaum
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Cieluch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Egl
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Hollain
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Kraemer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Pfeifer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P O Schmidt
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - R X Schüssler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ch Schweiger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Stöhlker
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Sturm
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R N Wolf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Bernitt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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Shi Z, Zhao R, Li W, Tu B, Yang Y, Xiao J, Huldt S, Hutton R, Zou Y. A portable high-resolution soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet spectrometer designed for the Shanghai EBIT and the Shanghai low energy EBITs. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:063110. [PMID: 24985802 DOI: 10.1063/1.4876597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A portable high resolution soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectrometer has been developed for spectroscopic research at the Shanghai Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) laboratory. A unique way of aligning the grazing incidence spectrometer using the zero order of the grating is introduced. This method is realized by extending the range of the movement of the CCD detector to cover the zero order. The alignment can be done in a few minutes, thus leading to a portable spectrometer. The high vacuum needed to be compatible with the EBITs is reached by mounting most of the translation and rotation stages outside the chamber. Only one high vacuum compatible linear guide is mounted inside the chamber. This is to ensure the convenient interchange of the gratings needed to enable wavelength coverage of the whole range of 10 to 500 Å. Spectra recorded with one of our low energy EBITs shows that a resolving power of above 800 can be achieved. In the slitless configuration used in this work, we found the resolving power to be limited by the width of the EBIT plasma. When mounted on the Shanghai EBIT which is a high energy EBIT and has a narrower EBIT plasma width, the estimated resolving power will be around 1400 at 221.15 Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Shi
- EBIT Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifeng Zhao
- EBIT Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxian Li
- EBIT Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingsheng Tu
- EBIT Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- EBIT Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xiao
- EBIT Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Sven Huldt
- Lund Observatory, Lund University, Lund SE-22100, Sweden
| | - Roger Hutton
- EBIT Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaming Zou
- EBIT Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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Kato D, Tong XM, Watanabe H, Fukami T, Kinugawa T, Yamada C, Ohtani S, Watanabe T. Fine-structure in 3d4States of Highly Charged Ti-like Ions. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Draganić I, Crespo López-Urrutia JR, DuBois R, Fritzsche S, Shabaev VM, Orts RS, Tupitsyn II, Zou Y, Ullrich J. High precision wavelength measurements of QED-sensitive forbidden transitions in highly charged argon ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:183001. [PMID: 14611279 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.183001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present the results of an experimental study of magnetic dipole (M1) transitions in highly charged argon ions (Ar X, Ar XI, Ar XIV, Ar XV) in the visible spectral range using an electron beam ion trap. Their wavelengths were determined with, for highly charged ions, unprecedented accuracy up to the sub-ppm level and compared with theoretical calculations. The QED contributions, calculated in this Letter, are found to be 4 orders of magnitude larger than the experimental error and are absolutely indispensable to bring theory and experiment to a good agreement. This method shows great potential for the study of QED effects in relativistic few-electron systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Draganić
- Max-Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Hedström M, Cheng HP. Modified Surface Nanoscale Explosion: Effects of Initial Condition and Charge Flow. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp993283u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Hedström
- Department of Physics and Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Hai-Ping Cheng
- Department of Physics and Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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McLaughlin DJ, Hahn Y, Takács E, Meyer ES, Gillaspy JD. Radiative and inner-shell dielectronic recombination in a highly charged barium ion. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 54:2040-2049. [PMID: 9913692 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.54.2040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Beiersdorfer P, Savin D, Widmann K. Direct Observation of the Spontaneous Emission of the Hyperfine Transition F=4 to F=3 in Ground State Hydrogenlike 165Ho66+ in an Electron Beam Ion Trap. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 77:826-829. [PMID: 10062916 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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12
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Serpa FG, Meyer ES, Morgan CA, Gillaspy JD, Sugar J, Roberts JR, Brown CM, Feldman U. Anomalous Z dependence of a magnetic dipole transition in the Ti. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 53:2220-2224. [PMID: 9913130 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.2220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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