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Nies L, Atanasov D, Athanasakis-Kaklamanakis M, Au M, Blaum K, Dobaczewski J, Hu BS, Holt JD, Karthein J, Kulikov I, Litvinov YA, Lunney D, Manea V, Miyagi T, Mougeot M, Schweikhard L, Schwenk A, Sieja K, Wienholtz F. Isomeric Excitation Energy for ^{99}In^{m} from Mass Spectrometry Reveals Constant Trend Next to Doubly Magic ^{100}Sn. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:022502. [PMID: 37505949 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.022502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The excitation energy of the 1/2^{-} isomer in ^{99}In at N=50 is measured to be 671(37) keV and the mass uncertainty of the 9/2^{+} ground state is significantly reduced using the ISOLTRAP mass spectrometer at ISOLDE/CERN. The measurements exploit a major improvement in the resolution of the multireflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The results reveal an intriguing constancy of the 1/2^{-} isomer excitation energies in neutron-deficient indium that persists down to the N=50 shell closure, even when all neutrons are removed from the valence shell. This trend is used to test large-scale shell model, ab initio, and density functional theory calculations. The models have difficulties describing both the isomer excitation energies and ground-state electromagnetic moments along the indium chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Nies
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Institut für Physik, Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Atanasov
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - M Athanasakis-Kaklamanakis
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Au
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Blaum
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Dobaczewski
- School of Physics, Engineering and Technology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - B S Hu
- TRIUMF, TRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - J D Holt
- TRIUMF, TRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - J Karthein
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - I Kulikov
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Yu A Litvinov
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D Lunney
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Manea
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - T Miyagi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Mougeot
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L Schweikhard
- Institut für Physik, Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Schwenk
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - K Sieja
- IPHC, CNRS/IN2P3 et Université de Strasbourg, F-67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - F Wienholtz
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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Abstract
Inevitable progress has been achieved in recent years regarding the available data on the structure of 100Sn and neighboring nuclei. Updated nuclear structure data in the region is presented using selected examples. State-of-the-art experimental techniques involving stable and radioactive beam facilities have enabled access to those exotic nuclei. The analysis of experimental data has established the shell structure and its evolution towards N = Z = 50 of the number of neutrons, N, and the atomic number, Z, seniority conservation and proton–neutron interaction in the g9/2 orbit, the super-allowed Gamow–Teller decay of 100Sn, masses and half-lives along the rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) path and super-allowed α decay beyond 100Sn. The status of theoretical approaches in shell model and mean-field investigations are discussed and their predictive power assessed. The calculated systematics of high-spin states for N = 50 isotopes including the 5− state and N = Z nuclei in the g9/2 orbit is presented for the first time.
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Evidence of a sudden increase in the nuclear size of proton-rich silver-96. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4596. [PMID: 34321487 PMCID: PMC8319127 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24888-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the evolution of the nuclear charge radius is one of the long-standing challenges for nuclear theory. Recently, density functional theory calculations utilizing Fayans functionals have successfully reproduced the charge radii of a variety of exotic isotopes. However, difficulties in the isotope production have hindered testing these models in the immediate region of the nuclear chart below the heaviest self-conjugate doubly-magic nucleus 100Sn, where the near-equal number of protons (Z) and neutrons (N) lead to enhanced neutron-proton pairing. Here, we present an optical excursion into this region by crossing the N = 50 magic neutron number in the silver isotopic chain with the measurement of the charge radius of 96Ag (N = 49). The results provide a challenge for nuclear theory: calculations are unable to reproduce the pronounced discontinuity in the charge radii as one moves below N = 50. The technical advancements in this work open the N = Z region below 100Sn for further optical studies, which will lead to more comprehensive input for nuclear theory development.
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Siciliano M, Valiente-Dobón JJ, Goasduff A. Nuclear structure in the neutron-deficient Sn nuclei TKEL effects on lifetime measurements. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201922301060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of seniority-like isomers along the Z = 50 isotopic chain have been an experimental limitation to the investigation of the electromagnetic properties of the low-lying states in the light Sn nuclei. Combining a multi-nucleon transfer reaction with the Recoil-Distance Doppler-Shift technique, the lifetimes of the 21+ and 41+ excited states have been directly measured in the neutron-deficient 106, 108Sn isotopes for the very first time. The emitted γ rays were detected by the AGATA array, while the reactionproducts were uniquely identified by the VAMOS++ magnetic spectrometer. The control of the direct feeding of the statesby gating on the Total Kinetic Energy Loss, together with the unique capabilities of the two spectrometers, was crucial for the measurementin 108Sn.
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Togashi T, Tsunoda Y, Otsuka T, Shimizu N, Honma M. Novel Shape Evolution in Sn Isotopes from Magic Numbers 50 to 82. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:062501. [PMID: 30141652 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.062501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel shape evolution in the Sn isotopes by the state-of-the-art application of the Monte Carlo shell model calculations is presented in a unified way for the ^{100-138}Sn isotopes. A large model space consisting of eight single-particle orbits for protons and neutrons is taken with the fixed Hamiltonian and effective charges, where protons in the 1g_{9/2} orbital are fully activated. While the significant increase of the B(E2;0_{1}^{+}→2_{1}^{+}) value, seen around ^{110}Sn as a function of neutron number (N), has remained a major puzzle over decades, it is explained as a consequence of the shape evolution driven by proton excitations from the 1g_{9/2} orbital. A second-order quantum phase transition is found around N=66, connecting the phase of such deformed shapes to the spherical pairing phase. The shape and shell evolutions are thus described, covering topics from the Gamow-Teller decay of ^{100}Sn to the enhanced double magicity of ^{132}Sn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Togashi
- Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tsunoda
- Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takaharu Otsuka
- Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Noritaka Shimizu
- Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Michio Honma
- Center for Mathematical Sciences, University of Aizu, Ikki-machi, Aizu-Wakamatsu, Fukushima 965-8580, Japan
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Morris TD, Simonis J, Stroberg SR, Stumpf C, Hagen G, Holt JD, Jansen GR, Papenbrock T, Roth R, Schwenk A. Structure of the Lightest Tin Isotopes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:152503. [PMID: 29756897 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.152503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We link the structure of nuclei around ^{100}Sn, the heaviest doubly magic nucleus with equal neutron and proton numbers (N=Z=50), to nucleon-nucleon (NN) and three-nucleon (NNN) forces constrained by data of few-nucleon systems. Our results indicate that ^{100}Sn is doubly magic, and we predict its quadrupole collectivity. We present precise computations of ^{101}Sn based on three-particle-two-hole excitations of ^{100}Sn, and we find that one interaction accurately reproduces the small splitting between the lowest J^{π}=7/2^{+} and 5/2^{+} states.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Morris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J Simonis
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 2, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S R Stroberg
- TRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
- Physics Department, Reed College, Portland, Oregon 97202, USA
| | - C Stumpf
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 2, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - G Hagen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J D Holt
- TRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - G R Jansen
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - T Papenbrock
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - R Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 2, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Schwenk
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 2, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Guastalla G, DiJulio DD, Górska M, Cederkäll J, Boutachkov P, Golubev P, Pietri S, Grawe H, Nowacki F, Sieja K, Algora A, Ameil F, Arici T, Atac A, Bentley MA, Blazhev A, Bloor D, Brambilla S, Braun N, Camera F, Dombrádi Z, Domingo Pardo C, Estrade A, Farinon F, Gerl J, Goel N, Grȩbosz J, Habermann T, Hoischen R, Jansson K, Jolie J, Jungclaus A, Kojouharov I, Knoebel R, Kumar R, Kurcewicz J, Kurz N, Lalović N, Merchan E, Moschner K, Naqvi F, Nara Singh BS, Nyberg J, Nociforo C, Obertelli A, Pfützner M, Pietralla N, Podolyák Z, Prochazka A, Ralet D, Reiter P, Rudolph D, Schaffner H, Schirru F, Scruton L, Sohler D, Swaleh T, Taprogge J, Vajta Z, Wadsworth R, Warr N, Weick H, Wendt A, Wieland O, Winfield JS, Wollersheim HJ. Coulomb excitation of 104Sn and the strength of the 100Sn shell closure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:172501. [PMID: 23679711 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.172501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A measurement of the reduced transition probability for the excitation of the ground state to the first 2+ state in 104Sn has been performed using relativistic Coulomb excitation at GSI. 104Sn is the lightest isotope in the Sn chain for which this quantity has been measured. The result is a key point in the discussion of the evolution of nuclear structure in the proximity of the doubly magic nucleus 100Sn. The value B(E2; 0+ → 2+) = 0.10(4) e2b2 is significantly lower than earlier results for 106Sn and heavier isotopes. The result is well reproduced by shell model predictions and therefore indicates a robust N = Z = 50 shell closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Guastalla
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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8
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Tolokonnikov S, Kamerdzhiev S, Krewald S, Saperstein EE, Voitenkov D. The first quadrupole excitations in spherical nuclei and nuclear pairing. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2012. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20123804002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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9
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Gottardo A, Valiente-Dobón JJ, Benzoni G, Nicolini R, Gadea A, Lunardi S, Boutachkov P, Bruce AM, Górska M, Grebosz J, Pietri S, Podolyák Z, Pfützner M, Regan PH, Weick H, Alcántara Núñez J, Algora A, Al-Dahan N, de Angelis G, Ayyad Y, Alkhomashi N, Allegro PRP, Bazzacco D, Benlliure J, Bowry M, Bracco A, Bunce M, Camera F, Casarejos E, Cortes ML, Crespi FCL, Corsi A, Denis Bacelar AM, Deo AY, Domingo-Pardo C, Doncel M, Dombradi Z, Engert T, Eppinger K, Farrelly GF, Farinon F, Farnea E, Geissel H, Gerl J, Goel N, Gregor E, Habermann T, Hoischen R, Janik R, Klupp S, Kojouharov I, Kurz N, Lenzi SM, Leoni S, Mandal S, Menegazzo R, Mengoni D, Million B, Morales AI, Napoli DR, Naqvi F, Nociforo C, Prochazka A, Prokopowicz W, Recchia F, Ribas RV, Reed MW, Rudolph D, Sahin E, Schaffner H, Sharma A, Sitar B, Siwal D, Steiger K, Strmen P, Swan TPD, Szarka I, Ur CA, Walker PM, Wieland O, Wollersheim HJ, Nowacki F, Maglione E, Zuker AP. New isomers in the full seniority scheme of neutron-rich lead isotopes: the role of effective three-body forces. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:162502. [PMID: 23215071 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.162502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The neutron-rich lead isotopes, up to (216)Pb, have been studied for the first time, exploiting the fragmentation of a primary uranium beam at the FRS-RISING setup at GSI. The observed isomeric states exhibit electromagnetic transition strengths which deviate from state-of-the-art shell-model calculations. It is shown that their complete description demands the introduction of effective three-body interactions and two-body transition operators in the conventional neutron valence space beyond (208)Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gottardo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro I-35020, Italy.
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10
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Ekström A, Cederkäll J, Fahlander C, Hjorth-Jensen M, Ames F, Butler PA, Davinson T, Eberth J, Fincke F, Görgen A, Górska M, Habs D, Hurst AM, Huyse M, Ivanov O, Iwanicki J, Kester O, Köster U, Marsh BA, Mierzejewski J, Reiter P, Scheit H, Schwalm D, Siem S, Sletten G, Stefanescu I, Tveten GM, Van de Walle J, Van Duppen P, Voulot D, Warr N, Weisshaar D, Wenander F, Zielińska M. 0(gs)+ -->2(1)+ transition strengths in 106Sn and 108Sn. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:012502. [PMID: 18764107 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.012502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The reduced transition probabilities, B(E2; 0(gs)+ -->2(1)+), have been measured in the radioactive isotopes (108,106)Sn using subbarrier Coulomb excitation at the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN. Deexcitation gamma rays were detected by the highly segmented MINIBALL Ge-detector array. The results, B(E2;0(gs)+ -->2(1)+)=0.222(19)e2b2 for 108Sn and B(E2; 0(gs)+-->2(1)+)=0.195(39)e2b2 for 106Sn were determined relative to a stable 58Ni target. The resulting B(E2) values are approximately 30% larger than shell-model predictions and deviate from the generalized seniority model. This experimental result may point towards a weakening of the N=Z=50 shell closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ekström
- Physics Department, University of Lund, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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