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Newman NK, Zhang Y, Padiadpu J, Miranda CL, Magana AA, Wong CP, Hioki KA, Pederson JW, Li Z, Gurung M, Bruce AM, Brown K, Bobe G, Sharpton TJ, Shulzhenko N, Maier CS, Stevens JF, Gombart AF, Morgun A. Reducing gut microbiome-driven adipose tissue inflammation alleviates metabolic syndrome. Microbiome 2023; 11:208. [PMID: 37735685 PMCID: PMC10512512 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota contributes to macrophage-mediated inflammation in adipose tissue with consumption of an obesogenic diet, thus driving the development of metabolic syndrome. There is a need to identify and develop interventions that abrogate this condition. The hops-derived prenylated flavonoid xanthohumol (XN) and its semi-synthetic derivative tetrahydroxanthohumol (TXN) attenuate high-fat diet-induced obesity, hepatosteatosis, and metabolic syndrome in C57Bl/6J mice. This coincides with a decrease in pro-inflammatory gene expression in the gut and adipose tissue, together with alterations in the gut microbiota and bile acid composition. RESULTS In this study, we integrated and interrogated multi-omics data from different organs with fecal 16S rRNA sequences and systemic metabolic phenotypic data using a Transkingdom Network Analysis. By incorporating cell type information from single-cell RNA-seq data, we discovered TXN attenuates macrophage inflammatory processes in adipose tissue. TXN treatment also reduced levels of inflammation-inducing microbes, such as Oscillibacter valericigenes, that lead to adverse metabolic phenotypes. Furthermore, in vitro validation in macrophage cell lines and in vivo mouse supplementation showed addition of O. valericigenes supernatant induced the expression of metabolic macrophage signature genes that are downregulated by TXN in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our findings establish an important mechanism by which TXN mitigates adverse phenotypic outcomes of diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome. TXN primarily reduces the abundance of pro-inflammatory gut microbes that can otherwise promote macrophage-associated inflammation in white adipose tissue. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- N K Newman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Nutrition Program, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Present address: Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - J Padiadpu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - C L Miranda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - A A Magana
- Department of Chemistry, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - C P Wong
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Nutrition Program, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - K A Hioki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Present address: UMASS, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - J W Pederson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Z Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - M Gurung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Present address: Children Nutrition Center, USDA, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - A M Bruce
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - K Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - G Bobe
- Department of Animal Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - T J Sharpton
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - N Shulzhenko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - C S Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - J F Stevens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - A F Gombart
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Linus Pauling Institute, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - A Morgun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
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Wong O, Smith R, Nobs CR, Bruce AM. Optimising Foil Selection for Neutron Activation Systems. J Fusion Energ 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10894-022-00324-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNeutron spectrum unfolding using activation foils is currently the primary technique planned for measuring the neutron energy spectrum at the first wall of power-generating fusion reactors. Room for improvement in the effectiveness of current foil selection was identified, and a program produced to select foils procedurally in order to maximise the accuracy of the unfolding procedure. Using Kullback–Leibler Divergence to quantify the accuracy, the spectrum unfolded by the procedurally selected set of foils is found to be more accurate than the spectrum unfolded by a set of foils used in the literature.
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3
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Frotscher A, Gómez-Ramos M, Obertelli A, Doornenbal P, Authelet G, Baba H, Calvet D, Château F, Chen S, Corsi A, Delbart A, Gheller JM, Giganon A, Gillibert A, Isobe T, Lapoux V, Matsushita M, Momiyama S, Motobayashi T, Niikura M, Otsu H, Paul N, Péron C, Peyaud A, Pollacco EC, Roussé JY, Sakurai H, Santamaria C, Sasano M, Shiga Y, Shimizu N, Steppenbeck D, Takeuchi S, Taniuchi R, Uesaka T, Wang H, Yoneda K, Ando T, Arici T, Blazhev A, Browne F, Bruce AM, Carroll R, Chung LX, Cortés ML, Dewald M, Ding B, Dombradi Z, Flavigny F, Franchoo S, Giacoppo F, Górska M, Gottardo A, Hadyńska-Klęk K, Korkulu Z, Koyama S, Kubota Y, Jungclaus A, Lee J, Lettmann M, Linh BD, Liu J, Liu Z, Lizarazo C, Louchart C, Lozeva R, Matsui K, Miyazaki T, Moschner K, Nagamine S, Nakatsuka N, Nita C, Nishimura S, Nobs CR, Olivier L, Ota S, Patel Z, Podolyák Z, Rudigier M, Sahin E, Saito TY, Shand C, Söderström PA, Stefan IG, Sumikama T, Suzuki D, Orlandi R, Vaquero V, Vajta Z, Werner V, Wimmer K, Wu J, Xu Z. Sequential Nature of (p,3p) Two-Proton Knockout from Neutron-Rich Nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:012501. [PMID: 32678621 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.012501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-one two-proton knockout (p,3p) cross sections were measured from neutron-rich nuclei at ∼250 MeV/nucleon in inverse kinematics. The angular distribution of the three emitted protons was determined for the first time, demonstrating that the (p,3p) kinematics are consistent with two sequential proton-proton collisions within the projectile nucleus. Ratios of (p,3p) over (p,2p) inclusive cross sections follow the trend of other many-nucleon removal reactions, further reinforcing the sequential nature of (p,3p) in neutron-rich nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frotscher
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Gómez-Ramos
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Obertelli
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - P Doornenbal
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - G Authelet
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - H Baba
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - D Calvet
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Château
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Chen
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - A Corsi
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Delbart
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J-M Gheller
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Giganon
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Gillibert
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Isobe
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - V Lapoux
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Matsushita
- Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, RIKEN campus, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Momiyama
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Motobayashi
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Niikura
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - H Otsu
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - N Paul
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - C Péron
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Peyaud
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E C Pollacco
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J-Y Roussé
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - H Sakurai
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C Santamaria
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Sasano
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Shiga
- Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 172-8501, Japan
| | - N Shimizu
- Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - D Steppenbeck
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Takeuchi
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - R Taniuchi
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Uesaka
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Wang
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Yoneda
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Ando
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Arici
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - A Blazhev
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - F Browne
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - A M Bruce
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - R Carroll
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - L X Chung
- Institute for Nuclear Science & Technology, VINATOM, P.O. Box 5T-160, Nghia Do, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - M L Cortés
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Dewald
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - B Ding
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zs Dombradi
- MTA Atomki, P.O. Box 51, Debrecen H-4001, Hungary
| | - F Flavigny
- Present affiliation: LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14050 Caen Cedex 04, France
| | - S Franchoo
- Present affiliation: LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14050 Caen Cedex 04, France
| | - F Giacoppo
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Górska
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Gottardo
- Present affiliation: LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14050 Caen Cedex 04, France
| | - K Hadyńska-Klęk
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Z Korkulu
- MTA Atomki, P.O. Box 51, Debrecen H-4001, Hungary
| | - S Koyama
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Y Kubota
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, RIKEN campus, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Jungclaus
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Lee
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - M Lettmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B D Linh
- Institute for Nuclear Science & Technology, VINATOM, P.O. Box 5T-160, Nghia Do, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - J Liu
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Z Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Lizarazo
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C Louchart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R Lozeva
- IPHC, CNRS/IN2P3, Université de Strasbourg, F-67037 Strasbourg, France
- CSNSM, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay Campus, France
| | - K Matsui
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Miyazaki
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Moschner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - S Nagamine
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - N Nakatsuka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - C Nita
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), RO-077125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - S Nishimura
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - C R Nobs
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - L Olivier
- Present affiliation: LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14050 Caen Cedex 04, France
| | - S Ota
- Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, RIKEN campus, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Z Patel
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Zs Podolyák
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - M Rudigier
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - E Sahin
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - T Y Saito
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C Shand
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - P-A Söderström
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - I G Stefan
- Present affiliation: LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14050 Caen Cedex 04, France
| | - T Sumikama
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - D Suzuki
- Present affiliation: LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14050 Caen Cedex 04, France
| | - R Orlandi
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - V Vaquero
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Zs Vajta
- MTA Atomki, P.O. Box 51, Debrecen H-4001, Hungary
| | - V Werner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - K Wimmer
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - J Wu
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Xu
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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4
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Lizarazo C, Söderström PA, Werner V, Pietralla N, Walker PM, Dong GX, Xu FR, Rodríguez TR, Browne F, Doornenbal P, Nishimura S, Niţă CR, Obertelli A, Ando T, Arici T, Authelet G, Baba H, Blazhev A, Bruce AM, Calvet D, Caroll RJ, Château F, Chen S, Chung LX, Corsi A, Cortés ML, Delbart A, Dewald M, Ding B, Flavigny F, Franchoo S, Gerl J, Gheller JM, Giganon A, Gillibert A, Górska M, Gottardo A, Kojouharov I, Kurz N, Lapoux V, Lee J, Lettmann M, Linh BD, Liu JJ, Liu Z, Momiyama S, Moschner K, Motobayashi T, Nagamine S, Nakatsuka N, Niikura M, Nobs C, Olivier L, Patel Z, Paul N, Podolyák Z, Roussé JY, Rudigier M, Saito TY, Sakurai H, Santamaria C, Schaffner H, Shand C, Stefan I, Steppenbeck D, Taniuchi R, Uesaka T, Vaquero V, Wimmer K, Xu Z. Metastable States of ^{92,94}Se: Identification of an Oblate K Isomer of ^{94}Se and the Ground-State Shape Transition between N=58 and 60. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:222501. [PMID: 32567911 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.222501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Here we present new information on the shape evolution of the very neutron-rich ^{92,94}Se nuclei from an isomer-decay spectroscopy experiment at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory at RIKEN. High-resolution germanium detectors were used to identify delayed γ rays emitted following the decay of their isomers. New transitions are reported extending the previously known level schemes. The isomeric levels are interpreted as originating from high-K quasineutron states with an oblate deformation of β∼0.25, with the high-K state in ^{94}Se being metastable and K hindered. Following this, ^{94}Se is the lowest-mass neutron-rich nucleus known to date with such a substantial K hindrance. Furthermore, it is the first observation of an oblate K isomer in a deformed nucleus. This opens up the possibility for a new region of K isomers at low Z and at oblate deformation, involving the same neutron orbitals as the prolate orbitals within the classic Z∼72 deformed hafnium region. From an interpretation of the level scheme guided by theoretical calculations, an oblate deformation is also suggested for the ^{94}Se_{60} ground-state band.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lizarazo
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P-A Söderström
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP)/Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Strada Reactorului 30, 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - V Werner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - N Pietralla
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P M Walker
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - G X Dong
- School of Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - F R Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - T R Rodríguez
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - F Browne
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - P Doornenbal
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Nishimura
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - C R Niţă
- Department of Nuclear Physics (DFN)/Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Strada Reactorului 30, 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - A Obertelli
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Ando
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Arici
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - G Authelet
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - H Baba
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Blazhev
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - A M Bruce
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - D Calvet
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - R J Caroll
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - F Château
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Chen
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - L X Chung
- Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, VINATOM, P.O. Box 5T-160, Nghia Do, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - A Corsi
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M L Cortés
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Delbart
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Dewald
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - B Ding
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - F Flavigny
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, IN2P3-CNRS, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - S Franchoo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, IN2P3-CNRS, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - J Gerl
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J-M Gheller
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Giganon
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Gillibert
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Górska
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Gottardo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, IN2P3-CNRS, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - I Kojouharov
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - N Kurz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - V Lapoux
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Lee
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - M Lettmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B D Linh
- Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, VINATOM, P.O. Box 5T-160, Nghia Do, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - J J Liu
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Z Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - S Momiyama
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Moschner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - T Motobayashi
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Nagamine
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - N Nakatsuka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - M Niikura
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C Nobs
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - L Olivier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, IN2P3-CNRS, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Z Patel
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - N Paul
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Zs Podolyák
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - J-Y Roussé
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Rudigier
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - T Y Saito
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - H Sakurai
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C Santamaria
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - H Schaffner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C Shand
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - I Stefan
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, IN2P3-CNRS, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - D Steppenbeck
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - R Taniuchi
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Uesaka
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - V Vaquero
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - K Wimmer
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Z Xu
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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5
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Paul N, Obertelli A, Bertulani CA, Corsi A, Doornenbal P, Rodriguez-Sanchez JL, Authelet G, Baba H, Calvet D, Château F, Chen S, Delbart A, Gheller JM, Giganon A, Gillibert A, Isobe T, Lapoux V, Matsushita M, Momiyama S, Motobayashi T, Niikura M, Otsu H, Péron C, Peyaud A, Pollacco EC, Roussé JY, Sakurai H, Santamaria C, Sasano M, Shiga Y, Steppenbeck D, Takeuchi S, Taniuchi R, Uesaka T, Wang H, Yoneda K, Ando T, Arici T, Blazhev A, Browne F, Bruce AM, Carroll R, Chung LX, Cortés ML, Dewald M, Ding B, Dombradi Z, Flavigny F, Franchoo S, Giacoppo F, Górska M, Gottardo A, Hadynska-Klek K, Korkulu Z, Koyama S, Kubota Y, Jungclaus A, Lee J, Lettmann M, Linh BD, Liu J, Liu Z, Lizarazo C, Louchart C, Lozeva R, Matsui K, Miyazaki T, Moschner K, Nagamine S, Nakatsuka N, Nita C, Nishimura S, Nobs CR, Olivier L, Ota S, Patel Z, Podolyák Z, Rudigier M, Sahin E, Saito TY, Shand C, Söderström PA, Stefan IG, Sumikama T, Suzuki D, Orlandi R, Vaquero V, Vajta Z, Werner V, Wimmer K, Wu J, Xu Z. Prominence of Pairing in Inclusive (p,2p) and (p,pn) Cross Sections from Neutron-Rich Nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:162503. [PMID: 31075035 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.162503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fifty-five inclusive single nucleon-removal cross sections from medium mass neutron-rich nuclei impinging on a hydrogen target at ∼250 MeV/nucleon are measured at the RIKEN Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory. Systematically higher cross sections are found for proton removal from nuclei with an even number of protons as compared to odd-proton number projectiles for a given neutron separation energy. Neutron removal cross sections display no even-odd splitting, contrary to nuclear cascade model predictions. Both effects are understood through simple considerations of neutron separation energies and bound state level densities originating in pairing correlations in the daughter nuclei. These conclusions are supported by comparison with semimicroscopic model predictions, highlighting the enhanced role of low-lying level densities in nucleon-removal cross sections from loosely bound nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Paul
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Obertelli
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C A Bertulani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, Texas 75429-3011, USA
| | - A Corsi
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P Doornenbal
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J L Rodriguez-Sanchez
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - G Authelet
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - H Baba
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - D Calvet
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Château
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Chen
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - A Delbart
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J-M Gheller
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Giganon
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Gillibert
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Isobe
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - V Lapoux
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Matsushita
- Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, RIKEN campus, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Momiyama
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Motobayashi
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Niikura
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - H Otsu
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - C Péron
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Peyaud
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E C Pollacco
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J-Y Roussé
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - H Sakurai
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C Santamaria
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Sasano
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Shiga
- Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 172-8501, Japan
| | - D Steppenbeck
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Takeuchi
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - R Taniuchi
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Uesaka
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Wang
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Yoneda
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Ando
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Arici
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - A Blazhev
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - F Browne
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, England BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - A M Bruce
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, England BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - R Carroll
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, England GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - L X Chung
- Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, VINATOM, P.O. Box 5T-160, Nghia Do, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - M L Cortés
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Dewald
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - B Ding
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zs Dombradi
- MTA Atomki, P.O. Box 51, Debrecen H-4001, Hungary
| | - F Flavigny
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - S Franchoo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - F Giacoppo
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Górska
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Gottardo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - K Hadynska-Klek
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Z Korkulu
- MTA Atomki, P.O. Box 51, Debrecen H-4001, Hungary
| | - S Koyama
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Y Kubota
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, RIKEN campus, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Jungclaus
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Lee
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - M Lettmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B D Linh
- Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, VINATOM, P.O. Box 5T-160, Nghia Do, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - J Liu
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Z Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - C Lizarazo
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C Louchart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R Lozeva
- IPHC, CNRS/IN2P3, Université de Strasbourg, F-67037 Strasbourg, France
- CSNSM, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay Campus, France
| | - K Matsui
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Miyazaki
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Moschner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - S Nagamine
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - N Nakatsuka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - C Nita
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), RO-077125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - S Nishimura
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - C R Nobs
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, England BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - L Olivier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - S Ota
- Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, RIKEN campus, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Z Patel
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, England GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Zs Podolyák
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, England GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - M Rudigier
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, England GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - E Sahin
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - T Y Saito
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C Shand
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, England GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - P-A Söderström
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - I G Stefan
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - T Sumikama
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - D Suzuki
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - R Orlandi
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - V Vaquero
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Zs Vajta
- MTA Atomki, P.O. Box 51, Debrecen H-4001, Hungary
| | - V Werner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - K Wimmer
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - J Wu
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Xu
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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6
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Wu J, Nishimura S, Lorusso G, Möller P, Ideguchi E, Regan PH, Simpson GS, Söderström PA, Walker PM, Watanabe H, Xu ZY, Baba H, Browne F, Daido R, Doornenbal P, Fang YF, Gey G, Isobe T, Lee PS, Liu JJ, Li Z, Korkulu Z, Patel Z, Phong V, Rice S, Sakurai H, Sinclair L, Sumikama T, Tanaka M, Yagi A, Ye YL, Yokoyama R, Zhang GX, Alharbi T, Aoi N, Bello Garrote FL, Benzoni G, Bruce AM, Carroll RJ, Chae KY, Dombradi Z, Estrade A, Gottardo A, Griffin CJ, Kanaoka H, Kojouharov I, Kondev FG, Kubono S, Kurz N, Kuti I, Lalkovski S, Lane GJ, Lee EJ, Lokotko T, Lotay G, Moon CB, Nishibata H, Nishizuka I, Nita CR, Odahara A, Podolyák Z, Roberts OJ, Schaffner H, Shand C, Taprogge J, Terashima S, Vajta Z, Yoshida S. 94 β-Decay Half-Lives of Neutron-Rich _{55}Cs to _{67}Ho: Experimental Feedback and Evaluation of the r-Process Rare-Earth Peak Formation. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:072701. [PMID: 28256889 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.072701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The β-decay half-lives of 94 neutron-rich nuclei ^{144-151}Cs, ^{146-154}Ba, ^{148-156}La, ^{150-158}Ce, ^{153-160}Pr, ^{156-162}Nd, ^{159-163}Pm, ^{160-166}Sm, ^{161-168}Eu, ^{165-170}Gd, ^{166-172}Tb, ^{169-173}Dy, ^{172-175}Ho, and two isomeric states ^{174m}Er, ^{172m}Dy were measured at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory, providing a new experimental basis to test theoretical models. Strikingly large drops of β-decay half-lives are observed at neutron-number N=97 for _{58}Ce, _{59}Pr, _{60}Nd, and _{62}Sm, and N=105 for _{63}Eu, _{64}Gd, _{65}Tb, and _{66}Dy. Features in the data mirror the interplay between pairing effects and microscopic structure. r-process network calculations performed for a range of mass models and astrophysical conditions show that the 57 half-lives measured for the first time play an important role in shaping the abundance pattern of rare-earth elements in the solar system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wu
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Nishimura
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - G Lorusso
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- National Physical Laboratory, NPL, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - P Möller
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - E Ideguchi
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - P-H Regan
- National Physical Laboratory, NPL, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - G S Simpson
- LPSC, Universite Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, F-38026 Grenoble Cedex, France
- School of Engineering, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, PA1 2BE, United Kingdom
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P-A Söderström
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - P M Walker
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - H Watanabe
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- IRCNPC, School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Z Y Xu
- Department of Physics, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Baba
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - F Browne
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - R Daido
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1, Osaka 560-0043 Toyonaka, Japan
| | - P Doornenbal
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y F Fang
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1, Osaka 560-0043 Toyonaka, Japan
| | - G Gey
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- LPSC, Universite Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, F-38026 Grenoble Cedex, France
- Institut Laue-Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - T Isobe
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - P S Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - J J Liu
- Department of Physics, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Z Li
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z Korkulu
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 51, Debrecen, H-4001, Hungary
| | - Z Patel
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - V Phong
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Faculty of Physics, VNU Hanoi University of Science, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - S Rice
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - H Sakurai
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan
| | - L Sinclair
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - T Sumikama
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Tanaka
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - A Yagi
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1, Osaka 560-0043 Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Y L Ye
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - R Yokoyama
- Center for Nuclear Study (CNS), University of Tokyo, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - G X Zhang
- IRCNPC, School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - T Alharbi
- Department of Physics, College of Science in Zulfi, Almajmaah University, P.O. Box 1712, 11932, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Aoi
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | | | - G Benzoni
- INFN, Sezione di Milano, via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - A M Bruce
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - R J Carroll
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - K Y Chae
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Z Dombradi
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 51, Debrecen, H-4001, Hungary
| | - A Estrade
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Gottardo
- Dipartimento di Fisica dellUniversit' degli Studi di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro I-35020, Italy
| | - C J Griffin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - H Kanaoka
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1, Osaka 560-0043 Toyonaka, Japan
| | - I Kojouharov
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - F G Kondev
- Nuclear Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Kubono
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - N Kurz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - I Kuti
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 51, Debrecen, H-4001, Hungary
| | - S Lalkovski
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - G J Lane
- Department of Nuclear Physics, R.S.P.E., Australian National University, Canberra, A.C.T. 0200, Australia
| | - E J Lee
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - T Lokotko
- Department of Physics, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - G Lotay
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - C-B Moon
- Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 336-795, Korea
| | - H Nishibata
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1, Osaka 560-0043 Toyonaka, Japan
| | - I Nishizuka
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - C R Nita
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), RO-077125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - A Odahara
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1, Osaka 560-0043 Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Zs Podolyák
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - O J Roberts
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - H Schaffner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C Shand
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - J Taprogge
- Departamento de Fsica Teórica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Terashima
- IRCNPC, School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Z Vajta
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 51, Debrecen, H-4001, Hungary
| | - S Yoshida
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1, Osaka 560-0043 Toyonaka, Japan
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7
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Paul N, Corsi A, Obertelli A, Doornenbal P, Authelet G, Baba H, Bally B, Bender M, Calvet D, Château F, Chen S, Delaroche JP, Delbart A, Gheller JM, Giganon A, Gillibert A, Girod M, Heenen PH, Lapoux V, Libert J, Motobayashi T, Niikura M, Otsuka T, Rodríguez TR, Roussé JY, Sakurai H, Santamaria C, Shimizu N, Steppenbeck D, Taniuchi R, Togashi T, Tsunoda Y, Uesaka T, Ando T, Arici T, Blazhev A, Browne F, Bruce AM, Carroll R, Chung LX, Cortés ML, Dewald M, Ding B, Flavigny F, Franchoo S, Górska M, Gottardo A, Jungclaus A, Lee J, Lettmann M, Linh BD, Liu J, Liu Z, Lizarazo C, Momiyama S, Moschner K, Nagamine S, Nakatsuka N, Nita C, Nobs CR, Olivier L, Patel Z, Podolyák Z, Rudigier M, Saito T, Shand C, Söderström PA, Stefan I, Orlandi R, Vaquero V, Werner V, Wimmer K, Xu Z. Are There Signatures of Harmonic Oscillator Shells Far from Stability? First Spectroscopy of ^{110}Zr. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:032501. [PMID: 28157341 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.032501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The first measurement of the low-lying states of the neutron-rich ^{110}Zr and ^{112}Mo was performed via in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy after one proton removal on hydrogen at ∼200 MeV/nucleon. The 2_{1}^{+} excitation energies were found at 185(11) keV in ^{110}Zr, and 235(7) keV in ^{112}Mo, while the R_{42}=E(4_{1}^{+})/E(2_{1}^{+}) ratios are 3.1(2), close to the rigid rotor value, and 2.7(1), respectively. These results are compared to modern energy density functional based configuration mixing models using Gogny and Skyrme effective interactions. We conclude that first levels of ^{110}Zr exhibit a rotational behavior, in agreement with previous observations of lighter zirconium isotopes as well as with the most advanced Monte Carlo shell model predictions. The data, therefore, do not support a harmonic oscillator shell stabilization scenario at Z=40 and N=70. The present data also invalidate predictions for a tetrahedral ground state symmetry in ^{110}Zr.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Paul
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Corsi
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Obertelli
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - P Doornenbal
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - G Authelet
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - H Baba
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - B Bally
- ESNT, IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Bender
- IPNL, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - D Calvet
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Château
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Chen
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | | | - A Delbart
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J-M Gheller
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Giganon
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Gillibert
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Girod
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
| | - P-H Heenen
- PNTPM, CP229, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - V Lapoux
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Libert
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
| | - T Motobayashi
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Niikura
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Otsuka
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T R Rodríguez
- Departamento de Física Teorica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J-Y Roussé
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - H Sakurai
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C Santamaria
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N Shimizu
- Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - D Steppenbeck
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - R Taniuchi
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Togashi
- Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Y Tsunoda
- Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Uesaka
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Ando
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Arici
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - A Blazhev
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - F Browne
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - A M Bruce
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - R Carroll
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - L X Chung
- Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, VAEI, 179 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - M L Cortés
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Dewald
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - B Ding
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - F Flavigny
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - S Franchoo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - M Górska
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Gottardo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - A Jungclaus
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Lee
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - M Lettmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B D Linh
- Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, VAEI, 179 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - J Liu
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Z Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - C Lizarazo
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Momiyama
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Moschner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - S Nagamine
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - N Nakatsuka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - C Nita
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), RO-077125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - C R Nobs
- School of Computing Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - L Olivier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Z Patel
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Zs Podolyák
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - M Rudigier
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - T Saito
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C Shand
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - P-A Söderström
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - I Stefan
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - R Orlandi
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - V Vaquero
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - V Werner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - K Wimmer
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Z Xu
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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8
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Milne SA, Bentley MA, Simpson EC, Baugher T, Bazin D, Berryman JS, Bruce AM, Davies PJ, Diget CA, Gade A, Henry TW, Iwasaki H, Lemasson A, Lenzi SM, McDaniel S, Napoli DR, Nichols AJ, Ratkiewicz A, Scruton L, Stroberg SR, Tostevin JA, Weisshaar D, Wimmer K, Winkler R. Isospin Symmetry at High Spin Studied via Nucleon Knockout from Isomeric States. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:082502. [PMID: 27588851 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.082502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
One-neutron knockout reactions have been performed on a beam of radioactive ^{53}Co in a high-spin isomeric state. The analysis is shown to yield a highly selective population of high-spin states in an exotic nucleus with a significant cross section, and hence represents a technique that is applicable to the planned new generation of fragmentation-based radioactive beam facilities. Additionally, the relative cross sections among the excited states can be predicted to a high level of accuracy when reliable shell-model input is available. The work has resulted in a new level scheme, up to the 11^{+} band-termination state, of the proton-rich nucleus ^{52}Co (Z=27, N=25). This has in turn enabled a study of mirror energy differences in the A=52 odd-odd mirror nuclei, interpreted in terms of isospin-nonconserving (INC) forces in nuclei. The analysis demonstrates the importance of using a full set of J-dependent INC terms to explain the experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Milne
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - M A Bentley
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - E C Simpson
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - T Baugher
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D Bazin
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J S Berryman
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A M Bruce
- School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - P J Davies
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - C Aa Diget
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Gade
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T W Henry
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - H Iwasaki
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Lemasson
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- GANIL, CEA/DSM-CNRS/IN2P3, BP55027, F-14076, Caen Cedex 5, France
| | - S M Lenzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica del'Universita and INFN, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S McDaniel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D R Napoli
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - A J Nichols
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Ratkiewicz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - L Scruton
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - S R Stroberg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2A3 Canada
| | - J A Tostevin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - D Weisshaar
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - K Wimmer
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - R Winkler
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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Morales AI, Benlliure J, Kurtukián-Nieto T, Schmidt KH, Verma S, Regan PH, Podolyák Z, Górska M, Pietri S, Kumar R, Casarejos E, Al-Dahan N, Algora A, Alkhomashi N, Álvarez-Pol H, Benzoni G, Blazhev A, Boutachkov P, Bruce AM, Cáceres LS, Cullen IJ, Denis Bacelar AM, Doornenbal P, Estévez-Aguado ME, Farrelly G, Fujita Y, Garnsworthy AB, Gelletly W, Gerl J, Grebosz J, Hoischen R, Kojouharov I, Kurz N, Lalkovski S, Liu Z, Mihai C, Molina F, Mücher D, Rubio B, Shaffner H, Steer SJ, Tamii A, Tashenov S, Valiente-Dobón JJ, Walker PM, Wollersheim HJ, Woods PJ. Half-life systematics across the N=126 shell closure: role of first-forbidden transitions in the β decay of heavy neutron-rich nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:022702. [PMID: 25062171 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.022702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports on a systematic study of β-decay half-lives of neutron-rich nuclei around doubly magic (208)Pb. The lifetimes of the 126-neutron shell isotone (204)Pt and the neighboring (200-202)Ir, (203)Pt, (204)Au are presented together with other 19 half-lives measured during the "stopped beam" campaign of the rare isotope investigations at GSI collaboration. The results constrain the main nuclear theories used in calculations of r-process nucleosynthesis. Predictions based on a statistical macroscopic description of the first-forbidden β strength reveal significant deviations for most of the nuclei with N<126. In contrast, theories including a fully microscopic treatment of allowed and first-forbidden transitions reproduce more satisfactorily the trend in the measured half-lives for the nuclei in this region, where the r-process pathway passes through during β decay back to stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Morales
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Benlliure
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - T Kurtukián-Nieto
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - K-H Schmidt
- GSI, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Verma
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - P H Regan
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom and National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - Z Podolyák
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - M Górska
- GSI, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Pietri
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - R Kumar
- GSI, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany and IFAC, New Delhi, India
| | - E Casarejos
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - N Al-Dahan
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - A Algora
- IFIC, CSIC-Universidad de Valencia, E-46071 Valencia, Spain and Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen H-4001, Hungary
| | - N Alkhomashi
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - H Álvarez-Pol
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - G Benzoni
- INFN, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - A Blazhev
- IKP, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - P Boutachkov
- GSI, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A M Bruce
- School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - L S Cáceres
- GSI, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - I J Cullen
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - A M Denis Bacelar
- School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - P Doornenbal
- GSI, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M E Estévez-Aguado
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - G Farrelly
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Y Fujita
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, 560-0043 Osaka, Japan
| | - A B Garnsworthy
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - W Gelletly
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - J Gerl
- GSI, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Grebosz
- The Henryk Niewodniczànski Institute of Nuclear Physics, PL-31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | - R Hoischen
- Department of Physics, Lund University, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - I Kojouharov
- GSI, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - N Kurz
- GSI, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Lalkovski
- School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Z Liu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - C Mihai
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), RO-077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - F Molina
- IFIC, CSIC-Universidad de Valencia, E-46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - D Mücher
- IKP, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - B Rubio
- IFIC, CSIC-Universidad de Valencia, E-46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - H Shaffner
- GSI, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S J Steer
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - A Tamii
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University, 567-0047 Osaka, Japan
| | - S Tashenov
- GSI, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - P M Walker
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | | | - P J Woods
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
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Davies PJ, Bentley MA, Henry TW, Simpson EC, Gade A, Lenzi SM, Baugher T, Bazin D, Berryman JS, Bruce AM, Diget CA, Iwasaki H, Lemasson A, McDaniel S, Napoli DR, Ratkiewicz A, Scruton L, Shore A, Stroberg R, Tostevin JA, Weisshaar D, Wimmer K, Winkler R. Mirror energy differences at large isospin studied through direct two-nucleon knockout. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:072501. [PMID: 23992059 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.072501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The first spectroscopy of excited states in 52Ni (T(z)=-2) and 51Co (T(z)=-3/2) has been obtained using the highly selective two-neutron knockout reaction. Mirror energy differences between isobaric analogue states in these nuclei and their mirror partners are interpreted in terms of isospin nonconserving effects. A comparison between large-scale shell-model calculations and data provides the most compelling evidence to date that both electromagnetic and an additional isospin nonconserving interactions for J=2 couplings, of unknown origin, are required to obtain good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Davies
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom.
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11
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Gottardo A, Valiente-Dobón JJ, Benzoni G, Nicolini R, Gadea A, Lunardi S, Boutachkov P, Bruce AM, Górska M, Grebosz J, Pietri S, Podolyák Z, Pfützner M, Regan PH, Weick H, Alcántara Núñez J, Algora A, Al-Dahan N, de Angelis G, Ayyad Y, Alkhomashi N, Allegro PRP, Bazzacco D, Benlliure J, Bowry M, Bracco A, Bunce M, Camera F, Casarejos E, Cortes ML, Crespi FCL, Corsi A, Denis Bacelar AM, Deo AY, Domingo-Pardo C, Doncel M, Dombradi Z, Engert T, Eppinger K, Farrelly GF, Farinon F, Farnea E, Geissel H, Gerl J, Goel N, Gregor E, Habermann T, Hoischen R, Janik R, Klupp S, Kojouharov I, Kurz N, Lenzi SM, Leoni S, Mandal S, Menegazzo R, Mengoni D, Million B, Morales AI, Napoli DR, Naqvi F, Nociforo C, Prochazka A, Prokopowicz W, Recchia F, Ribas RV, Reed MW, Rudolph D, Sahin E, Schaffner H, Sharma A, Sitar B, Siwal D, Steiger K, Strmen P, Swan TPD, Szarka I, Ur CA, Walker PM, Wieland O, Wollersheim HJ, Nowacki F, Maglione E, Zuker AP. New isomers in the full seniority scheme of neutron-rich lead isotopes: the role of effective three-body forces. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:162502. [PMID: 23215071 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.162502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The neutron-rich lead isotopes, up to (216)Pb, have been studied for the first time, exploiting the fragmentation of a primary uranium beam at the FRS-RISING setup at GSI. The observed isomeric states exhibit electromagnetic transition strengths which deviate from state-of-the-art shell-model calculations. It is shown that their complete description demands the introduction of effective three-body interactions and two-body transition operators in the conventional neutron valence space beyond (208)Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gottardo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro I-35020, Italy.
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12
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Jungclaus A, Cáceres L, Górska M, Pfützner M, Pietri S, Werner-Malento E, Grawe H, Langanke K, Martínez-Pinedo G, Nowacki F, Poves A, Cuenca-García JJ, Rudolph D, Podolyak Z, Regan PH, Detistov P, Lalkovski S, Modamio V, Walker J, Bednarczyk P, Doornenbal P, Geissel H, Gerl J, Grebosz J, Kojouharov I, Kurz N, Prokopowicz W, Schaffner H, Wollersheim HJ, Andgren K, Benlliure J, Benzoni G, Bruce AM, Casarejos E, Cederwall B, Crespi FCL, Hadinia B, Hellström M, Hoischen R, Ilie G, Jolie J, Khaplanov A, Kmiecik M, Kumar R, Maj A, Mandal S, Montes F, Myalski S, Simpson GS, Steer SJ, Tashenov S, Wieland O. Observation of isomeric decays in the r-process waiting-point nucleus 130Cd82. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:132501. [PMID: 17930581 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.132501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The gamma decay of excited states in the waiting-point nucleus (130)Cd(82) has been observed for the first time. An 8(+) two-quasiparticle isomer has been populated both in the fragmentation of a (136)Xe beam as well as in projectile fission of 238U, making (130)Cd the most neutron-rich N = 82 isotone for which information about excited states is available. The results, interpreted using state-of-the-art nuclear shell-model calculations, show no evidence of an N = 82 shell quenching at Z = 48. They allow us to follow nuclear isomerism throughout a full major neutron shell from (98)Cd(50) to (130)Cd(82) and reveal, in comparison with (76)Ni(48) one major proton shell below, an apparently abnormal scaling of nuclear two-body interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jungclaus
- Departamento de Física Teórica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine knee extensor/flexor muscle strength and physical activity in healthy males and females approaching retirement. Peak torques of the knee extensor and knee flexor muscle groups were measured bilaterally in 95 individuals (mean age 59.4 years) using an isokinetic dynamometer. Isokinetic concentric contractions were performed at angular velocities of 1.05 and 3.14 rad x s(-1). Physical activity, including household, leisure, and sporting activities, was assessed. The results show that the average peak torques exhibited were lower than previously reported in studies using the same methodology with different populations of similar age and body size. Over one-third of the participants were sedentary, with just 13% being active enough to obtain health benefits. The poor muscle strength and low physical activity of this self selecting group of healthy working adults were surprising, and potentially a cause for concern. The combination of retirement being a potential watershed for a decrease in physical activity and the known age-related decline in physical performance indicates that some of these participants are at risk of losing their functional independence fairly early in the retirement stage. We recommend the introduction of effective health promotion interventions for individuals approaching retirement, encouraging them to become more physically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Bryant
- Clinical Research Centre for Health Professions, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK.
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15
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Bryant EC, Trew ME, Bruce AM, Kuisma RME, Smith AW. Gender differences in balance performance at the time of retirement. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2005; 20:330-5. [PMID: 15698707 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2004.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2004] [Accepted: 11/15/2004] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairments in balance performance are a commonly accepted risk factor for falling in older people. Since there is a higher reported incidence of falling in women, it is of interest to test whether this correlates with poorer balance performance in women than men at the time of retirement in order to plan health promotional strategies. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether any gender differences exist in balance performance in people approaching retirement age. METHODS Ninety-seven healthy volunteers (44 males, 53 females) planning to retire shortly were enrolled in the study (age range 50-67 years). Balance assessments during quiet standing were performed under various conditions; feet together eyes open, feet together eyes closed and single limb stance eyes open. The range of centre of pressure displacement in both the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral planes was collected for each task using a force platform. FINDINGS For several of the balance tasks the men exhibited a statistically significant larger range of centre of pressure displacement than the women (P<0.01). However, after normalising the data for height, no gender differences were seen. Over half of the group failed to complete all three single limb stance trials on both limbs. INTERPRETATION When the data was normalised for height, no differences were found in static balance performance between men and women of retirement age. A number of participants demonstrated balance impairments whilst performing the single limb stance likely to affect functional activities. Health promotional messages should be targeted equally at men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Bryant
- Clinical Research Centre for Health Professions, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, East Sussex BN20 7UR, UK.
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16
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de Haan RC, Aprahamian A, Börner HG, Doll C, Jentschel M, Bruce AM, Lesher SR. Lifetime Measurements in (178)Hf. J Res Natl Inst Stand Technol 2000; 105:125-31. [PMID: 27551596 PMCID: PMC4878339 DOI: 10.6028/jres.105.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/1999] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Lifetimes of levels from K(π) = 2(+), K(π) = 4(+) and several K(π) = 0(+) bands have been measured in the (178)Hf nucleus using the GRID technique. Lifetimes of the 2(+) and 3(+) levels were measured within the K(π) = 2(+) γ band. A lower limit was established for the lifetime of the 4(+) level of the K(π) = 4(+) band. The resulting upper limits for the absolute B(E2) values exclude collective transitions from the K(π) = 4(+) to the ground state band but not to the K(π)= 2(+) band. Level lifetimes were also measured for several states within three separate K(π)= 0(+) bands. Evidence is presented for a previously unobserved case of two excited K(π)= 0(+) bands being connected via collective E2 transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C de Haan
- Physics Department, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - A Aprahamian
- Physics Department, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - H G Börner
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - C Doll
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - M Jentschel
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - A M Bruce
- University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - S R Lesher
- Physics Department, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
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Boersma LJ, van den Brink M, Bruce AM, Shouman T, Gras L, te Velde A, Lebesque JV. Estimation of the incidence of late bladder and rectum complications after high-dose (70-78 GY) conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer, using dose-volume histograms. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1998; 41:83-92. [PMID: 9588921 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(98)00037-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether Dose-Volume Histogram (DVH) parameters can be used to identify risk groups for developing late gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) complications after conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS DVH parameters were analyzed for 130 patients with localized prostate cancer, treated with conformal radiotherapy in a dose-escalating protocol (70-78 Gy, 2 Gy per fraction). The incidence of late (>6 months) GI and GU complications was classified using the RTOG/EORTC and the SOMA/LENT scoring system. In addition, GI complications were divided in nonsevere and severe (requiring one or more laser treatments or blood transfusions) rectal bleeding. The median follow-up time was 24 months. We investigated whether rectal and bladder wall volumes, irradiated to various dose levels, correlated with the observed actuarial incidences of GI and GU complications, using volume as a continuous variable. Subsequently, for each dose level in the DVH, the rectal wall volumes were dichotomized using different volumes as cutoff levels. The impact of the total radiation dose, and the maximum radiation dose in the rectal and bladder wall was analyzed as well. RESULTS The actuarial incidence at 2 years for GI complications > or =Grade II was 14% (RTOG/EORTC) or 20% (SOMA/LENT); for GU complications > or =Grade III 8% (RTOG/EORTC) or 21% (SOMA/LENT). Neither for GI complications > or =Grade II (RTOG/EORTC or SOMA/LENT), nor for GU complications > or =Grade III (RTOG/EORTC or SOMA/LENT), was a significant correlation found between any of the DVH parameters and the actuarial incidence of complications. For severe rectal bleeding (actuarial incidence at 2 years 3%), four consecutive volume cutoff levels were found, which significantly discriminated between high and low risk. A trend was observed that a total radiation dose > or = 74 Gy (or a maximum radiation dose in the rectal wall >75 Gy) resulted in a higher incidence of severe rectal bleeding (p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS These data show that dose escalation up to 78 Gy, using a conformal technique, is feasible. However, these data have also demonstrated that the incidence of severe late rectal bleeding is increased above certain dose-volume thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Boersma
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
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Liem IH, Olmos RA, Balm AJ, Keus RB, van Tinteren H, Takes RP, Muller SH, Bruce AM, Hoefnagel CA, Hilgers FJ. Evidence for early and persistent impairment of salivary gland excretion after irradiation of head and neck tumours. Eur J Nucl Med 1996; 23:1485-90. [PMID: 8854847 DOI: 10.1007/bf01254473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Salivary gland scintigraphy with technetium-99m pertechnetate was used to follow changes in the excretion and uptake function of the major salivary glands until 1 year after irradiation. Twenty-five patients who received radiotherapy for head and neck tumours were included in the study. Seventy-nine salivary glands (39 parotid and 40 submandibular) were evaluated in relation to the average received radiation dose. Salivary gland scintigraphy was performed before and 1, 6 and 12 months after radiotherapy. For each gland the excretion response to carbachol, evaluated by calculation of the salivary excretion fraction (SEF), the cumulative gland uptake (CGU) and the absolute excreted activity (AEA) at various intervals after radiotherapy were compared with the baseline values. The excretion response decreased in 20 of 25 patients at 1 month after radiotherapy. One month after radiotherapy both SEF and AEA decreased significantly in relation to the radiation dose. These decreases in excretion parameters persisted during the follow-up period. Parotid excretion was affected significantly more than submandibular excretion. CGU values did not change significantly until 6 months after radiotherapy, but at 12 months a significant decrease related to radiation dose was observed. Xerostomia was assessed during radiotherapy and on the days of the scintigraphic tests. The incidence of xerostomia did not correspond to the effects observed in the scintigraphic studies. It is concluded that radiotherapy induces early and persistent impairment of salivary gland excretion, related to the radiation dose. This impairment is stronger in parotid glands than in submandibular glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- I H Liem
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Lebesque JV, Bruce AM, Kroes AP, Touw A, Shouman RT, van Herk M. Variation in volumes, dose-volume histograms, and estimated normal tissue complication probabilities of rectum and bladder during conformal radiotherapy of T3 prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1995; 33:1109-19. [PMID: 7493837 DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(95)00253-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the pattern of changes of rectum and bladder structures during conformal therapy of T3 prostate cancer and the impact of these changes on the accuracy of the dose-volume histograms (DVHs) and normal tissue complication probabilities (NTCPs) of these organs, based on the planning computed tomography (CT) scan only. METHODS AND MATERIALS For 11 T3 prostate cancer patients treated with conformal therapy, three repeat CT scans were made in Weeks 2, 4, and 6 of the treatment. The bony anatomy was aligned with the planning CT scan, using three dimensional (3D) chamfer matching. The internal and external surfaces of rectum and bladder were contoured in each scan. Three volumes were calculated for each organ: solid organ (including filling), filling, and wall volume. DVHs and NTCPs were calculated for all structures. RESULTS The solid organ and filling volumes varied considerably between patients and within a patient and they decreased with increasing treatment time. The largest patient variation was seen for patients with large initial filling volumes. The variations of rectum and bladder wall volumes during treatment were 9 and 17% (1 standard deviation (SD)), respectively, with no time trend. The changes of the high dose (> 80 and 90% of the prescribed dose) volumes of the rectum in response to rectum filling differences were proportional to the whole rectum volume changes. The variation of the high-dose rectum wall volume was relatively small (14%, 1 SD). As a result, the NTCPs of rectum and rectum wall were the same overall and the variation of the NTCPs during treatment was about 14% (1 SD) and not correlated with rectum filling. The variation of the high-dose bladder volumes (about 14%, 1 SD) was smaller than the variation of the whole bladder volumes (30%, 1 SD). The high-dose bladder wall volume decreased significantly due to wall distention as the bladder filling increased. As a result of this complex pattern, the variation of NTCPs of bladder (85%, 1 SD) and bladder wall (88%, 1 SD) during treatment was large and significantly correlated with bladder filling. CONCLUSIONS The planning CT scan overestimates rectum and bladder filling during treatment. Furthermore, the variation of filling is so large that only the wall structures have relatively constant volumes during treatment. For the rectum wall, the DVHs and NTCPs, as estimated from the initial scan, are representative for the whole treatment, because no correlation was seen between these parameters and organ filling. For the bladder wall, however, such a correlation was present and consequently, the initial bladder wall DVHs and NTCPs can only be representative for the whole treatment, if the bladder filling can be kept reasonably constant during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Lebesque
- Radiotherapy Department, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Huis), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Gehrke PC, Brown P, Schiller CB, Moffatt DB, Bruce AM. River regulation and fish communities in the Murray-Darling river system, Australia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/rrr.3450110310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Purry CS, Walker PM, Dracoulis GD, Kibédi T, Bayer S, Bruce AM, Byrne AP, Dasgupta M, Gelletly W, Kondev F, Regan PH, Thwaites C. Rotation of an eight-quasiparticle isomer. Phys Rev Lett 1995; 75:406-409. [PMID: 10060013 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Regan PH, Dracoulis GD, Byrne AP, Lane GJ, Kibédi T, Walker PM, Bruce AM. High-K structures in 136Sm. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1995; 51:1745-1753. [PMID: 9970243 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.51.1745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Bruce AM, Walker PM, Regan PH, Dracoulis GD, Byrne AP, Kibèdi T, Lane GJ, Yeung KC. A K pi =8(-) isomer in 136Sm. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1994; 50:480-482. [PMID: 9969680 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.50.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Cameron JA, Bentley MA, Bruce AM, Cunningham RA, Gelletly W, Price HG, Simpson J, Warner DD, James AN. Recoil-separated gamma-ray spectroscopy of 47Ti, 47V, 47Cr, 48V, and 48Cr. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1994; 49:1347-1358. [PMID: 9969357 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.49.1347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Cameron JA, Bentley MA, Bruce AM, Cunningham RA, Gelletly W, Price HG, Simpson J, Warner DD, James AN. High-spin gamma spectroscopy of recoil-separated 49Cr, 49V, and 46Ti. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1991; 44:1882-1891. [PMID: 9967609 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.44.1882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Cederwall B, Fant B, Wyss R, Johnson A, Nyberg J, Simpson J, Bruce AM, Mo JN. High-spin states of 175Ir: Quasiproton-induced shapes and extreme interaction strength. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1991; 43:R2031-R2034. [PMID: 9967304 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.43.r2031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Meredith IT, Jennings GL, Esler MD, Dewar EM, Bruce AM, Fazio VA, Korner PI. Time-course of the antihypertensive and autonomic effects of regular endurance exercise in human subjects. J Hypertens 1990; 8:859-66. [PMID: 2172376 DOI: 10.1097/00004872-199009000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
To assess the role of different factors on the long-term antihypertensive effect of regular exercise we examined the time course of changes in haemodynamics, oxygen consumption and plasma noradrenaline in 10 normal healthy subjects. For 12 weeks, subjects performed alternating months of training and detraining in a random order. Training involved 40 min of bicycle exercise three times per week at 60-70% of maximum work. Steady-state changes at the end of 1 month's exercise were: (1) falls in resting blood pressure when supine and erect by 8/5 and 10/6 mmHg, respectively (P less than 0.01); (2) a reduction in the total peripheral resistance index of 14%; (3) an increase in maximum oxygen consumption of 14% (P less than 0.005); and (4) a fall in plasma noradrenaline of 21% (P less than 0.05). A significant fall in blood pressure occurred at the third training bout (P less than 0.005), at the beginning of the second week, and no further reduction occurred beyond the fourth bout of exercise. The reduction in plasma noradrenaline concentration was confined to the second half of the month in which exercise took place and lagged behind the blood pressure changes. There were significant differences between the rates of the initial fall of blood pressure and noradrenaline, and the times taken for the maximum changes to occur (P less than 0.05). During detraining, blood pressure remained low for 1-2 weeks after cessation of exercise, as did plasma noradrenaline. Both then rose gradually towards the initial sedentary levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- I T Meredith
- Alfred and Baker Medical Unit, Baker Medical Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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Abstract
We recorded full-field electroretinograms from a family with two daughters with microcephaly and chorioretinal degeneration and a third daughter and mother with microcephaly without chorioretinal degeneration. The two siblings with inferior chorioretinal degeneration showed electroretinographic responses to 0.5-Hz white light that were reduced 60% to 70% below normal, suggesting that the loss of photoreceptor function exceeded the areas of visible atrophy. The mother and third daughter had normal electroretinograms. The two siblings, ages 12 and 21 years, had virtually the same electroretinographic amplitudes. In a second family, a man with microcephaly and inferior chorioretinal degeneration, examined at ages 9 and 23 years, also showed 60% to 70% reduction in electroretinographic responses to 0.5-Hz white light and showed no change in amplitudes over the 14-year interval. These findings suggest that the chorioretinal degeneration sometimes associated with microcephaly is stable in young adult life, although the long-term prognosis remains to be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Manning
- Berman-Gund Laboratory for the Study of Retinal Degenerations, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Byrski T, Beck FA, Curien D, Schuck C, Fallon P, Alderson A, Ali I, Bentley MA, Bruce AM, Forsyth PD, Howe D, Roberts JW, Sharpey-Schafer JF, Smith G, Twin PJ. Observation of identical superdeformed bands in N=86 nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 1990; 64:1650-1653. [PMID: 10041452 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.64.1650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Abstract
We evaluated full-field electroretinograms from members of a family with X-linked cone degeneration. The 15-year-old propositus had near normal visual acuity and a protan deficiency. His maternal grandfather and great uncle had a visual acuity of 20/200, a deficiency in color vision, and signs of macular degeneration; all had normal rod electroretinographic responses and diminished cone electroretinographic responses. The mother and maternal aunt of the propositus had normal visual acuity and diminished cone electroretinograms with predominant loss of red cone function. Their cone responses were greater than those of affected males. Genomic DNA isolated from these patients was analyzed with a red cone pigment gene cDNA probe that disclosed a 6.5-kilobase deletion in the red cone pigment gene. These findings substantiate that a defect in a gene encoding for a cone photoreceptor protein can lead to a cone photoreceptor degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Reichel
- Berman-Gund Laboratory for the Study of Retinal Degenerations, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston 02114
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Bracco A, Gaardhoje JJ, Bruce AM, Garrett JD, Herskind B, Pignanelli M, Barnéoud D, Nifenecker H, Pinston JA, Ristori C, Schussler F, Bacelar J, Hofmann H. Saturation of the width of the giant dipole resonance at high temperature. Phys Rev Lett 1989; 62:2080-2083. [PMID: 10039851 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.62.2080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Gaardhoje JJ, Bruce AM, Garrett JD, Herskind B, Barnéoud D, Maurel M, Nifenecker H, Pinston JA, Perrin P, Ristori C, Schussler F, Bracco A, Pignanelli M. Limits of collective motion in hot nuclear matter. Phys Rev Lett 1987; 59:1409-1412. [PMID: 10035227 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.59.1409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Warner DD, Jolie J, Bruce AM. Consistent-Q formalism in odd-A nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 1985; 54:1365-1368. [PMID: 10031013 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.54.1365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Abstract
Post-mortem tissues from a thiopentone suicide were analysed by ultraviolet spectrometry and gas chromatography. The thiopentone concentrations found (0.6 mg/100 ml of blood and 2 6 mg/100 g of tissue) are consistent with those reported for 'anaesthetic' deaths where only thiopentone and other anaesthetic agents were present. The gas chromatographic method gave more accurate result with the tissues.
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Bruce AM, Smith H. Simultaneous determination of phenobarbitone, primidone and phenytoin in small samples of blood by gas-liquid chromatography. Analyst 1977; 102:35-41. [PMID: 835832 DOI: 10.1039/an9770200035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Bruce AM. Aid for Midwives in Practice before the Passing of the Midwives Act of 1902. West J Med 1904. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.2291.1491-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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