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Liu S, Xu Z, Essemine J, Liu Y, Liu C, Zhang F, Iqbal Z, Qu M. GWAS unravels acid phosphatase ACP2 as a photosynthesis regulator under phosphate starvation conditions through modulating serine metabolism in rice. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024:100885. [PMID: 38504521 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Inorganic phosphorus (Pi) deficiency significantly impacts plant growth, development, and photosynthetic efficiency. This study evaluated 206 rice accessions from a MiniCore population under both Pi-sufficient (Pi+) and Pi-starvation (Pi-) conditions in the field to assess photosynthetic phosphorus use efficiency (PPUE), defined as the ratio of AsatPi- to AsatPi+. A genome-wide association study and differential gene expression analyses identified an acid phosphatase gene (ACP2) that responds strongly to phosphate availability. Overexpression and knockout of ACP2 led to a 67% increase and 32% decrease in PPUE, respectively, compared with wild type. Introduction of an elite allele A, by substituting the v5 SNP G with A, resulted in an 18% increase in PPUE in gene-edited ACP2 rice lines. The phosphate-responsive gene PHR2 was found to transcriptionally activate ACP2 in parallel with PHR2 overexpression, resulting in an 11% increase in PPUE. Biochemical assays indicated that ACP2 primarily catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphoethanolamine and phospho-L-serine. In addition, serine levels increased significantly in the ACP2v8G-overexpression line, along with a concomitant decrease in the expression of all nine genes involved in the photorespiratory pathway. Application of serine enhanced PPUE and reduced photorespiration rates in ACP2 mutants under Pi-starvation conditions. We deduce that ACP2 plays a crucial role in promoting photosynthesis adaptation to Pi starvation by regulating serine metabolism in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushuang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Department of Life Sciences and Health, Huzhou College, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Zhan Xu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Jemaa Essemine
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yanmin Liu
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Huzhou College, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Chundong Liu
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Huzhou College, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Feixue Zhang
- Institute of Crop, Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Zubair Iqbal
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mingnan Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Hani S, Mercier C, David P, Desnos T, Escudier JM, Bertrand E, Nussaume L. smFISH for Plants. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2784:87-100. [PMID: 38502480 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3766-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization (smFISH) is a powerful method for the visualization and quantification of individual RNA molecules within intact cells. With its ability to probe gene expression at the single cell and single-molecule level, the technique offers valuable insights into cellular processes and cell-to-cell heterogeneity. Although widely used in the animal field, its use in plants has been limited. Here, we present an experimental smFISH workflow that allows researchers to overcome hybridization and imaging challenges in plants, including sample preparation, probe hybridization, and signal detection. Overall, this protocol holds great promise for unraveling the intricacies of gene expression regulation and RNA dynamics at the single-molecule level in whole plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Hani
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, Saint-Paul lez Durance, France
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Mercier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, Saint-Paul lez Durance, France
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Univesité de Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascale David
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, Saint-Paul lez Durance, France
| | - Thierry Desnos
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, Saint-Paul lez Durance, France
| | - Jean-Marc Escudier
- Laboratoire Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'intérêt Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Edouard Bertrand
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, CNRS, UMR9002, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Nussaume
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, Saint-Paul lez Durance, France.
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Hibbert LE, Qian Y, Smith HK, Milner S, Katz E, Kliebenstein DJ, Taylor G. Making watercress ( Nasturtium officinale) cropping sustainable: genomic insights into enhanced phosphorus use efficiency in an aquatic crop. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1279823. [PMID: 38023842 PMCID: PMC10662076 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1279823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Watercress (Nasturtium officinale) is a nutrient-dense salad crop with high antioxidant capacity and glucosinolate concentration and with the potential to contribute to nutrient security as a locally grown outdoor aquatic crop in northern temperate climates. However, phosphate-based fertilizers used to support plant growth contribute to the eutrophication of aquatic habitats, often pristine chalk streams, downstream of farms, increasing pressure to minimize fertilizer use and develop a more phosphorus-use efficient (PUE) crop. Here, we grew genetically distinct watercress lines selected from a bi-parental mapping population on a commercial watercress farm either without additional phosphorus (P-) or under a commercial phosphate-based fertilizer regime (P+), to decipher effects on morphology, nutritional profile, and the transcriptome. Watercress plants sustained shoot yield in P- conditions, through enhanced root biomass, but with shorter stems and smaller leaves. Glucosinolate concentration was not affected by P- conditions, but both antioxidant capacity and the concentration of sugars and starch in shoot tissue were enhanced. We identified two watercress breeding lines, with contrasting strategies for enhanced PUE: line 60, with highly plastic root systems and increased root growth in P-, and line 102, maintaining high yield irrespective of P supply, but less plastic. RNA-seq analysis revealed a suite of genes involved in cell membrane remodeling, root development, suberization, and phosphate transport as potential future breeding targets for enhanced PUE. We identified watercress gene targets for enhanced PUE for future biotechnological and breeding approaches enabling less fertilizer inputs and reduced environmental damage from watercress cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Hibbert
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Yufei Qian
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Ella Katz
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Gail Taylor
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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4
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Cuyas L, David P, de Craieye D, Ng S, Arkoun M, Plassard C, Faharidine M, Hourcade D, Degan F, Pluchon S, Nussaume L. Identification and interest of molecular markers to monitor plant Pi status. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:401. [PMID: 37612632 PMCID: PMC10463364 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04411-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is the sole source of phosphorus for plants. It is a limiting factor for plant yield in most soils worldwide. Due to economic and environmental constraints, the use of Pi fertilizer is and will be more and more limited. Unfortunately, evaluation of Pi bioavailability or Pi starvation traits remains a tedious task, which often does not inform us about the real Pi plant status. RESULTS Here, we identified by transcriptomic studies carried out in the plant model Arabidopsis thaliana, early roots- or leaves-conserved molecular markers for Pi starvation, exhibiting fast response to modifications of phosphate nutritional status. We identified their homologues in three crops (wheat, rapeseed, and maize) and demonstrated that they offer a reliable opportunity to monitor the actual plant internal Pi status. They turn out to be very sensitive in the concentration range of 0-50 µM which is the most common case in the vast majority of soils and situations where Pi hardly accumulates in plants. Besides in vitro conditions, they could also be validated for plants growing in the greenhouse or in open field conditions. CONCLUSION These markers provide valuable physiological tools for plant physiologists and breeders to assess phosphate bio-availability impact on plant growth in their studies. This also offers the opportunity to cope with the rising economical (shortage) and societal problems (pollution) resulting from the management of this critical natural resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cuyas
- TIMAC AGRO, Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, AgroInnovation International, 18 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, 35400, Saint‑Malo, France
| | - Pascale David
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, EBMP, 13115, Saint-Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - Damien de Craieye
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, EBMP, 13115, Saint-Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - Sophia Ng
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, EBMP, 13115, Saint-Paul Lez Durance, France
- Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Mustapha Arkoun
- TIMAC AGRO, Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, AgroInnovation International, 18 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, 35400, Saint‑Malo, France
| | - Claude Plassard
- INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Univ Montpellier, Eco&Sols, Institut Agro, 34060, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Delphine Hourcade
- Arvalis, Institut du Végétal, Station Expérimentale, Boigneville, France
| | - Francesca Degan
- Arvalis, Institut du Végétal, Station Expérimentale, Boigneville, France
| | - Sylvain Pluchon
- TIMAC AGRO, Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, AgroInnovation International, 18 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, 35400, Saint‑Malo, France
| | - Laurent Nussaume
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, EBMP, 13115, Saint-Paul Lez Durance, France.
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Tojo H, Tabeta H, Gunji S, Hirai MY, David P, Javot H, Ferjani A. Roles of type II H +-PPases and PPsPase1/PECP2 in early developmental stages and PPi homeostasis of Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1031426. [PMID: 36778688 PMCID: PMC9911876 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1031426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of intracellular pyrophosphate (PPi) level is crucial for proper morphogenesis across all taxonomic kingdoms. PPi is released as a byproduct from ~200 metabolic reactions, then hydrolyzed by either membrane-bound (H+-PPase) or soluble pyrophosphatases (PPases). In Arabidopsis, the loss of the vacuolar H+-PPase/FUGU5, a key enzyme in PPi homeostasis, results in delayed growth and a number of developmental defects, pointing to the importance of PPi homeostasis in plant morphogenesis. The Arabidopsis genome encodes several PPases in addition to FUGU5, such as PPsPase1/PECP2, VHP2;1 and VHP2;2, although their significance regarding PPi homeostasis remains elusive. Here, to assess their contribution, phenotypic analyses of cotyledon aspect ratio, palisade tissue cellular phenotypes, adaxial side pavement cell complexity, stomatal distribution, and etiolated seedling length were performed, provided that they were altered due to excess PPi in a fugu5 mutant background. Overall, our analyses revealed that the above five traits were unaffected in ppspase1/pecp2, vhp2;1 and vhp2;2 loss-of-function mutants, as well as in fugu5 mutant lines constitutively overexpressing PPsPase1/PECP2. Furthermore, metabolomics revealed that ppspase1/pecp2, vhp2;1 and vhp2;2 etiolated seedlings exhibited metabolic profiles comparable to the wild type. Together, these results indicate that the contribution of PPsPase1/PECP2, VHP2;1 and VHP2;2 to PPi levels is negligible in comparison to FUGU5 in the early stages of seedling development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tojo
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Tabeta
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shizuka Gunji
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Y. Hirai
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Pascale David
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Hélène Javot
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, Marseille, France
| | - Ali Ferjani
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Yoshitake Y, Yoshimoto K. Intracellular phosphate recycling systems for survival during phosphate starvation in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1088211. [PMID: 36733584 PMCID: PMC9888252 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1088211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and plants use inorganic phosphate (Pi) as their P source, but its bioavailable form, orthophosphate, is often limited in soils. Hence, plants have several mechanisms for adaptation to Pi starvation. One of the most common response strategies is "Pi recycling" in which catabolic enzymes degrade intracellular constituents, such as phosphoesters, nucleic acids and glycerophospholipids to salvage Pi. Recently, several other intracellular degradation systems have been discovered that salvage Pi from organelles. Also, one of sphingolipids has recently been identified as a degradation target for Pi recycling. So, in this mini-review we summarize the current state of knowledge, including research findings, about the targets and degradation processes for Pi recycling under Pi starvation, in order to further our knowledge of the whole mechanism of Pi recycling.
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7
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Gunji S, Kawade K, Tabeta H, Horiguchi G, Oikawa A, Asaoka M, Hirai MY, Tsukaya H, Ferjani A. Tissue-targeted inorganic pyrophosphate hydrolysis in a fugu5 mutant reveals that excess inorganic pyrophosphate triggers developmental defects in a cell-autonomous manner. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:945225. [PMID: 35991393 PMCID: PMC9386291 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.945225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Excess PPi triggers developmental defects in a cell-autonomous manner. The level of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) must be tightly regulated in all kingdoms for the proper execution of cellular functions. In plants, the vacuolar proton pyrophosphatase (H+-PPase) has a pivotal role in PPi homeostasis. We previously demonstrated that the excess cytosolic PPi in the H+-PPase loss-of-function fugu5 mutant inhibits gluconeogenesis from seed storage lipids, arrests cell division in cotyledonary palisade tissue, and triggers a compensated cell enlargement (CCE). Moreover, PPi alters pavement cell (PC) shape, stomatal patterning, and functioning, supporting specific yet broad inhibitory effects of PPi on leaf morphogenesis. Whereas these developmental defects were totally rescued by the expression of the yeast soluble pyrophosphatase IPP1, sucrose supply alone canceled CCE in the palisade tissue but not the epidermal developmental defects. Hence, we postulated that the latter are likely triggered by excess PPi rather than a sucrose deficit. To formally test this hypothesis, we adopted a spatiotemporal approach by constructing and analyzing fugu5-1 PDF1 pro ::IPP1, fugu5-1 CLV1 pro ::IPP1, and fugu5-1 ICL pro ::IPP1, whereby PPi was removed specifically from the epidermis, palisade tissue cells, or during the 4 days following seed imbibition, respectively. It is important to note that whereas PC defects in fugu5-1 PDF1 pro ::IPP1 were completely recovered, those in fugu5-1 CLV1 pro ::IPP1 were not. In addition, phenotypic analyses of fugu5-1 ICL pro ::IPP1 lines demonstrated that the immediate removal of PPi after seed imbibition markedly improved overall plant growth, abolished CCE, but only partially restored the epidermal developmental defects. Next, the impact of spatial and temporal removal of PPi was investigated by capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOF MS). Our analysis revealed that the metabolic profiles are differentially affected among all the above transgenic lines, and consistent with an axial role of central metabolism of gluconeogenesis in CCE. Taken together, this study provides a conceptual framework to unveil metabolic fluctuations within leaf tissues with high spatio-temporal resolution. Finally, our findings suggest that excess PPi exerts its inhibitory effect in planta in the early stages of seedling establishment in a tissue- and cell-autonomous manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizuka Gunji
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
- United Graduate School of Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kawade
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Sciences, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Tabeta
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Gorou Horiguchi
- Department of Life Science, College of Science, Rikkyo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Life Science, College of Science, Rikkyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Oikawa
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Mariko Asaoka
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Yokota Hirai
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tsukaya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ali Ferjani
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
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Hibbert L, Taylor G. Improving phosphate use efficiency in the aquatic crop watercress (Nasturtium officinale). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac011. [PMID: 35147194 PMCID: PMC8969064 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Watercress is a nutrient-dense leafy green crop, traditionally grown in aquatic outdoor systems and increasingly seen as well-suited for indoor hydroponic systems. However, there is concern that this crop has a detrimental impact on the environment through direct phosphate additions causing environmental pollution. Phosphate-based fertilisers are supplied to enhanced crop yield, but their use may contribute to eutrophication of waterways downstream of traditional watercress farms. One option is to develop a more phosphate use efficient (PUE) crop. This review identifies the key traits for this aquatic crop (the ideotype), for future selection, marker development and breeding. Traits identified as important for PUE are (i) increased root surface area through prolific root branching and adventitious root formation, (ii) aerenchyma formation and root hair growth. Functional genomic traits for improved PUE are (iii) efficacious phosphate remobilisation and scavenging strategies and (iv) the use of alternative metabolic pathways. Key genomic targets for this aquatic crop are identified as: PHT phosphate transporter genes, global transcriptional regulators such as those of the SPX family and genes involved in galactolipid and sulfolipid biosynthesis such as MGD2/3, PECP1, PSR2, PLDζ1/2 and SQD2. Breeding for enhanced PUE in watercress will be accelerated by improved molecular genetic resources such as a full reference genome sequence that is currently in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Hibbert
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Department of Plant Sciences, UC Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Gail Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Department of Plant Sciences, UC Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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9
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Lee S, Choi E, Kim T, Hwang J, Lee JH. AtHAD1, A haloacid dehalogenase-like phosphatase, is involved in repressing the ABA response. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 587:119-125. [PMID: 34871999 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.11.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in seed germination, stomatal closure, and seedling growth inhibition in plants. Among downstream genes whose expression levels are regulated by AFA1 (Arabidopsis F-box Protein Hypersensitive to ABA 1), one gene, AtHAD1 upregulated by ABA was selected from Arabidopsis. AtHAD1 was induced by drought and salt stresses as well as by ABA and was found in dry seeds. Its loss-of-function mutants exhibited increased ABA-sensitivity in germination, seedling growth, and stomatal closure. In addition, the mutants displayed a lower water loss rate and higher survival rate under drought stress than the wild-type plants, indicating that a loss of AtHAD1 leads to enhanced drought tolerance. These results show that AtHAD1 has an inhibitory role in the ABA response and ABA-mediated drought tolerance. The expression levels of several ABA-responsive genes in athad1 were higher than those in the wild-type under the ABA treatment, suggesting that AtHAD1, as a negative regulator in the ABA response, could be associated with the downregulation of the ABA-responsive genes. The phosphatase assay showed that AtHAD1 exhibits phosphatase activity. Monitoring of the subcellular localization of GFP-fused AtHAD1 proteins indicated that AtHAD1 exists in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Overall, this study shows that Arabidopsis HAD1 as an intracellular phosphatase negatively functions in the ABA-mediated cellular responses. This research could serve as a research basis to understand the functional link between ABA signaling and the regulation process of the cellular phosphate level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooji Lee
- Department of Biology Education, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsil Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyung Kim
- Department of Biology Education, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihwan Hwang
- Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biology Education, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Liu C, Tai Y, Luo J, Wu Y, Zhao X, Dong R, Ding X, Zhao S, Luo L, Liu P, Liu G. Integrated multi-omics analysis provides insights into genome evolution and phosphorus deficiency adaptation in pigeonpea ( Cajanus cajan). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac107. [PMID: 35795392 PMCID: PMC9251600 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) is an important legume food crop and plays a crucial role in a secure food supply in many developing countries. Several previous studies have suggested that pigeonpea has great potential for phosphorus (P) deficiency tolerance, but little is known about the underlying mechanism. In this study, the physiological and molecular responses of pigeonpea roots to phosphate (Pi) starvation were investigated through integrating phenotypic, genomic, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and lipidomic analyses. The results showed that low-Pi treatment increased total root length, root surface area, and root acid phosphatase activity, and promoted the secretion of organic acids (e.g. citric acids, piscidic acids, and protocatechuic acids) and the degradation of phospholipids and other P-containing metabolites in the roots of pigeonpea. Consistent with the morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes, a large number of genes involved in these Pi-starvation responses were significantly upregulated in Pi-deficient pigeonpea roots. Among these Pi-starvation response genes upregulated by low-Pi treatment, four gene families were expanded through recent tandem duplication in the pigeonpea genome, namely phosphate transporter 1 (PHT1), phosphoethanolamine/phosphocholine phosphatase (PECP), fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein (FLA), and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). These gene families may be associated with Pi uptake from the soil, phospholipid recycling, root morphological remodeling, and regulation of organic acid exudation. Taken together, our results suggest that pigeonpea employs complex Pi-starvation responses to strengthen P acquisition and utilization during low-Pi stress. This study provides new insights into the genome evolution and P deficiency adaptation mechanism of pigeonpea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiajia Luo
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Yuanhang Wu
- College of Forestry & College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xingkun Zhao
- College of Forestry & College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Rongshu Dong
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Xipeng Ding
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Shancen Zhao
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Lijuan Luo
- College of Forestry & College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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11
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Deng S, Li J, Du Z, Wu Z, Yang J, Cai H, Wu G, Xu F, Huang Y, Wang S, Wang C. Rice ACID PHOSPHATASE 1 regulates Pi stress adaptation by maintaining intracellular Pi homeostasis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:191-205. [PMID: 34550608 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The concentration and homeostasis of intracellular phosphate (Pi) are crucial for sustaining cell metabolism and growth. During short-term Pi starvation, intracellular Pi is maintained relatively constant at the expense of vacuolar Pi. After the vacuolar stored Pi is exhausted, the plant cells induce the synthesis of intracellular acid phosphatase (APase) to recycle Pi from expendable organic phosphate (Po). In this study, the expression, enzymatic activity and subcellular localization of ACID PHOSPHATASE 1 (OsACP1) were determined. OsACP1 expression is specifically induced in almost all cell types of leaves and roots under Pi stress conditions. OsACP1 encodes an acid phosphatase with broad Po substrates and localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus (GA). The phylogenic analysis demonstrates that OsACP1 has a similar structure with human acid phosphatase PHOSPHO1. Overexpression or mutation of OsACP1 affected Po degradation and utilization, which further influenced plant growth and productivity under both Pi-sufficient and Pi-deficient conditions. Moreover, overexpression of OsACP1 significantly affected intracellular Pi homeostasis and Pi starvation signalling. We concluded that OsACP1 is an active acid phosphatase that regulates rice growth under Pi stress conditions by recycling Pi from Po in the ER and GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suren Deng
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zezhen Du
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zixuan Wu
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongmei Cai
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaobing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangsen Xu
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yichao Huang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Sheliang Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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12
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Hani S, Cuyas L, David P, Secco D, Whelan J, Thibaud MC, Merret R, Mueller F, Pochon N, Javot H, Faklaris O, Maréchal E, Bertrand E, Nussaume L. Live single-cell transcriptional dynamics via RNA labelling during the phosphate response in plants. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:1050-1064. [PMID: 34373603 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00981-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants are constantly adapting to ambient fluctuations through spatial and temporal transcriptional responses. Here, we implemented the latest-generation RNA imaging system and combined it with microfluidics to visualize transcriptional regulation in living Arabidopsis plants. This enabled quantitative measurements of the transcriptional activity of single loci in single cells, in real time and under changing environmental conditions. Using phosphate-responsive genes as a model, we found that active genes displayed high transcription initiation rates (one initiation event every ~3 s) and frequently clustered together in endoreplicated cells. We observed gene bursting and large allelic differences in single cells, revealing that at steady state, intrinsic noise dominated extrinsic variations. Moreover, we established that transcriptional repression triggered in roots by phosphate, a crucial macronutrient limiting plant development, occurred with unexpectedly fast kinetics (on the order of minutes) and striking heterogeneity between neighbouring cells. Access to single-cell RNA polymerase II dynamics in live plants will benefit future studies of signalling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Hani
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE (Signalisation pour l'Adaptation des Végétaux à leur Environnement), Saint-Paul lez Durance, France
| | - Laura Cuyas
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE (Signalisation pour l'Adaptation des Végétaux à leur Environnement), Saint-Paul lez Durance, France
- Agroinnovation International-TIMAC AGRO, Groupe Roullier, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Pascale David
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE (Signalisation pour l'Adaptation des Végétaux à leur Environnement), Saint-Paul lez Durance, France
| | - David Secco
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marie-Christine Thibaud
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE (Signalisation pour l'Adaptation des Végétaux à leur Environnement), Saint-Paul lez Durance, France
| | - Rémy Merret
- UMR5096 CNRS/Université de Perpignan, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, Perpignan, France
| | - Florian Mueller
- Unité Imagerie et Modélisation, Institut Pasteur and CNRS UMR 3691, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Pochon
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE (Signalisation pour l'Adaptation des Végétaux à leur Environnement), Saint-Paul lez Durance, France
| | - Hélène Javot
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE (Signalisation pour l'Adaptation des Végétaux à leur Environnement), Saint-Paul lez Durance, France
| | - Orestis Faklaris
- MRI, BioCampus Montpellier, CRBM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Maréchal
- UMR 5168 CNRS-CEA-INRA-Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, iRIG, CEA-Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Edouard Bertrand
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
- Institut de Génétique Humaine, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
- Equipe labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France.
| | - Laurent Nussaume
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE (Signalisation pour l'Adaptation des Végétaux à leur Environnement), Saint-Paul lez Durance, France.
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13
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Tannert M, Balcke GU, Tissier A, Köck M. At4g29530 is a phosphoethanolamine phosphatase homologous to PECP1 with a role in flowering time regulation. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1072-1083. [PMID: 34098589 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) are the most abundant phospholipids in membranes. The biosynthesis of phospholipids occurs mainly via the Kennedy pathway. Recent studies have shown that through this pathway, choline (Cho) moieties are synthesized through the methylation of phosphoethanolamine (PEtn) to phosphocholine (PCho) by phospho-base N-methyltransferase. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the phosphoethanolamine/phosphocholine phosphatase1 (PECP1) is described as an enzyme that regulates the synthesis of PCho by decreasing the PEtn level during phosphate starvation to avoid the energy-consuming methylation step. By homology search, we identified a gene (At4g29530) encoding a putative PECP1 homolog from Arabidopsis with a currently unknown biological function in planta. We found that At4g29530 is not induced by phosphate starvation, and is mainly expressed in leaves and flowers. The analysis of null mutants and overexpression lines revealed that PEtn, rather than PCho, is the substrate in vivo, as in PECP1. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry analysis of head group metabolites shows an increased PEtn level and decreased ethanolamine level in null mutants. At4g29530 null mutants have an early flowering phenotype, which is corroborated by a higher PC/PE ratio. Furthermore, we found an increased PCho level. The choline level was not changed, so the results corroborate that the PEtn-dependent pathway is the main route for the generation of Cho moieties. We assume that the PEtn-hydrolyzing enzyme participates in fine-tuning the metabolic pathway, and helps prevent the energy-consuming biosynthesis of PCho through the methylation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tannert
- Biocenter, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Gerd Ulrich Balcke
- Department Cell and Metabolic Biology, Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Alain Tissier
- Department Cell and Metabolic Biology, Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Margret Köck
- Biocenter, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
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14
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Dissanayaka DMSB, Ghahremani M, Siebers M, Wasaki J, Plaxton WC. Recent insights into the metabolic adaptations of phosphorus-deprived plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:199-223. [PMID: 33211873 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is an essential macronutrient required for many fundamental processes in plants, including photosynthesis and respiration, as well as nucleic acid, protein, and membrane phospholipid synthesis. The huge use of Pi-containing fertilizers in agriculture demonstrates that the soluble Pi levels of most soils are suboptimal for crop growth. This review explores recent advances concerning the understanding of adaptive metabolic processes that plants have evolved to alleviate the negative impact of nutritional Pi deficiency. Plant Pi starvation responses arise from complex signaling pathways that integrate altered gene expression with post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. The resultant remodeling of the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome enhances the efficiency of root Pi acquisition from the soil, as well as the use of assimilated Pi throughout the plant. We emphasize how the up-regulation of high-affinity Pi transporters and intra- and extracellular Pi scavenging and recycling enzymes, organic acid anion efflux, membrane remodeling, and the remarkable flexibility of plant metabolism and bioenergetics contribute to the survival of Pi-deficient plants. This research field is enabling the development of a broad range of innovative and promising strategies for engineering phosphorus-efficient crops. Such cultivars are urgently needed to reduce inputs of unsustainable and non-renewable Pi fertilizers for maximum agronomic benefit and long-term global food security and ecosystem preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M S B Dissanayaka
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mina Ghahremani
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meike Siebers
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jun Wasaki
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - William C Plaxton
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Nakamura Y. Headgroup biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in seed plants. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 82:101091. [PMID: 33503494 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid biosynthesis is crucial for plant growth and development. It involves attachment of fatty acids to a phospho-diacylglycerol backbone and modification of the phospho-group into an amino alcohol. The biochemistry and molecular biology of the former has been well established, but a number of enzymes responsible for the latter have only recently been cloned and functionally characterized in Arabidopsis and some other model plant species. The metabolism involving the polar head groups of phospholipids established by past biochemical studies can now be validated by available gene knockout models. Moreover, gene knockout studies have revealed emerging functions of phospholipids in regulating plant growth and development. This review aims to revisit the old questions of polar headgroup biosynthesis of plant phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine by giving an overview of recent advances in the field and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nakamura
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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16
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Genome-wide analysis of haloacid dehalogenase genes reveals their function in phosphate starvation responses in rice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245600. [PMID: 33481906 PMCID: PMC7822558 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The HAD superfamily is named after the halogenated acid dehalogenase found in bacteria, which hydrolyses a diverse range of organic phosphate substrates. Although certain studies have shown the involvement of HAD genes in Pi starvation responses, systematic classification and bioinformatics analysis of the HAD superfamily in plants is lacking. In this study, 41 and 40 HAD genes were identified by genomic searching in rice and Arabidopsis, respectively. According to sequence similarity, these proteins are divided into three major groups and seven subgroups. Conserved motif analysis indicates that the majority of the identified HAD proteins contain phosphatase domains. A further structural analysis showed that HAD proteins have four conserved motifs and specified cap domains. Fewer HAD genes show collinearity relationships in both rice and Arabidopsis, which is consistent with the large variations in the HAD genes. Among the 41 HAD genes of rice, the promoters of 28 genes contain Pi-responsive cis-elements. Mining of transcriptome data and qRT-PCR results showed that at least the expression of 17 HAD genes was induced by Pi starvation in shoots or roots. These HAD proteins are predicted to be involved in intracellular or extracellular Po recycling under Pi stress conditions in plants.
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17
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Lin YC, Araguirang GE, Ngo AH, Lin KT, Angkawijaya AE, Nakamura Y. The Four Arabidopsis Choline/Ethanolamine Kinase Isozymes Play Distinct Roles in Metabolism and Development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 183:152-166. [PMID: 32205454 PMCID: PMC7210642 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine are two major phospholipid classes in eukaryotes. Each biosynthesis pathway starts with the phosphorylation of choline (Cho) or ethanolamine (Etn) catalyzed by either choline or ethanolamine kinase (CEK). Arabidopsis contains four CEK isoforms, but their isozyme-specific roles in metabolism and development are poorly described. Here, we showed that these four CEKs have distinct substrate specificities in vitro. While CEK1 and CEK2 showed substrate preference for Cho over Etn, CEK3 and CEK4 had clear substrate specificity for Cho and Etn, respectively. In vivo, CEK1, CEK2, and CEK3 exhibited kinase activity for Cho but not Etn, although the latter two isoforms showed rather minor contributions to total Cho kinase activity in both shoots and roots. The knockout mutants of CEK2 and CEK3 both affected root growth, and these isoforms had nonoverlapping cell-type-specific expression patterns in the root meristematic zone. In-depth phenotype analysis, as well as chemical and genetic complementation, revealed that CEK3, a Cho-specific kinase, is involved in cell elongation during root development. Phylogenetic analysis of CEK orthologs in Brassicaceae species showed evolutionary divergence between Etn kinases and Cho kinases. Collectively, our results demonstrate the distinct roles of the four CEK isoforms in Cho/Etn metabolism and plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chen Lin
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Academia Sinica, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | | | - Anh H Ngo
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kui-Ting Lin
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | | | - Yuki Nakamura
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Academia Sinica, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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18
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Godon C, Mercier C, Wang X, David P, Richaud P, Nussaume L, Liu D, Desnos T. Under phosphate starvation conditions, Fe and Al trigger accumulation of the transcription factor STOP1 in the nucleus of Arabidopsis root cells. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:937-949. [PMID: 31034704 PMCID: PMC6852189 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Low-phosphate (Pi) conditions are known to repress primary root growth of Arabidopsis at low pH and in an Fe-dependent manner. This growth arrest requires accumulation of the transcription factor STOP1 in the nucleus, where it activates the transcription of the malate transporter gene ALMT1; exuded malate is suspected to interact with extracellular Fe to inhibit root growth. In addition, ALS3 - an ABC-like transporter identified for its role in tolerance to toxic Al - represses nuclear accumulation of STOP1 and the expression of ALMT1. Until now it was unclear whether Pi deficiency itself or Fe activates the accumulation of STOP1 in the nucleus. Here, by using different growth media to dissociate the effects of Fe from Pi deficiency itself, we demonstrate that Fe is sufficient to trigger the accumulation of STOP1 in the nucleus, which, in turn, activates the expression of ALMT1. We also show that a low pH is necessary to stimulate the Fe-dependent accumulation of nuclear STOP1. Furthermore, pharmacological experiments indicate that Fe inhibits proteasomal degradation of STOP1. We also show that Al acts like Fe for nuclear accumulation of STOP1 and ALMT1 expression, and that the overaccumulation of STOP1 in the nucleus of the als3 mutant grown in low-Pi conditions could be abolished by Fe deficiency. Altogether, our results indicate that, under low-Pi conditions, Fe2/3+ and Al3+ act similarly to increase the stability of STOP1 and its accumulation in the nucleus where it activates the expression of ALMT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Godon
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies AlternativesUMR7265 (CEA, Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS)Saint Paul‐Lez‐DuranceF‐13108France
| | - Caroline Mercier
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies AlternativesUMR7265 (CEA, Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS)Saint Paul‐Lez‐DuranceF‐13108France
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of BioinformaticsCenter for Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Pascale David
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies AlternativesUMR7265 (CEA, Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS)Saint Paul‐Lez‐DuranceF‐13108France
| | - Pierre Richaud
- Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Biotechnologie des Bactéries et MicroalguesCommissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies AlternativesUMR7265 (CEA, Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS)Saint Paul‐Lez‐DuranceF‐13108France
| | - Laurent Nussaume
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies AlternativesUMR7265 (CEA, Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS)Saint Paul‐Lez‐DuranceF‐13108France
| | - Dong Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of BioinformaticsCenter for Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Thierry Desnos
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies AlternativesUMR7265 (CEA, Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS)Saint Paul‐Lez‐DuranceF‐13108France
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19
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Liu YC, Lin YC, Kanehara K, Nakamura Y. A Methyltransferase Trio Essential for Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis and Growth. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 179:433-445. [PMID: 30518673 PMCID: PMC6426410 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a primary class of membrane lipids in most eukaryotes. In plants, the primary PC biosynthetic pathway and its role in plant growth and development remain elusive due to lack of a mutant model with substantially decreased PC content. Recently, a double mutant of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PHOSPHO-BASE N-METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 (PMT1) and PMT3 was reported with reduced PC content and defective plant growth. However, residual PC content as well as the nonlethal phenotype of the mutant suggests an additional enzyme contributes to PC biosynthesis. In this article, we report on the role of three PMTs in PC biosynthesis and plant development, with a focus on PMT2. PMT2 had the highest expression level among the three PMTs, and it was highly expressed in roots. The pmt1 pmt2 double mutant enhanced the defects in root growth, cell viability, and PC content of pmt1, suggesting that PMT2 functions together with PMT1 in roots. Chemical inhibition of PMT activity in wild-type roots reproduced the short root phenotype observed in pmt1 pmt2, suggesting that PMT1 and PMT2 are the major PMT isoforms in roots. In shoots, pmt1 pmt2 pmt3 enhanced the phenotype of pmt1 pmt3, showing seedling lethality and further reduced PC content without detectable de novo PC biosynthesis. These results suggest that PMTs catalyze an essential reaction step in PC biosynthesis and that the three PMTs have differential tissue-specific functions in PC biosynthesis and plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Liu
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chen Lin
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Kazue Kanehara
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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20
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Angkawijaya AE, Ngo AH, Nguyen VC, Gunawan F, Nakamura Y. Expression Profiles of 2 Phosphate Starvation-Inducible Phosphocholine/Phosphoethanolamine Phosphatases, PECP1 and PS2, in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:662. [PMID: 31191578 PMCID: PMC6549246 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is essential for plant viability. Phosphate-starved plants trigger membrane lipid remodeling to replace membrane phospholipids by non-phosphorus galactolipids presumably to acquire scarce phosphate source. Phosphoethanolamine/phosphocholine phosphatase 1 (PECP1) and phosphate starvation-induced gene 2 (PS2) belong to an emerging class of phosphatase induced by phosphate starvation and dephosphorylates phosphocholine and phosphoethanolamine (PEtn) in vivo. However, detailed spatiotemporal expression pattern as well as subcellular localization has not been investigated yet. Here, by constructing transgenic plants harboring functional translational promoter-reporter fusion system, we showed the expression pattern of PECP1 and PS2 in different tissues and in response to phosphate starvation. Besides, the Venus fluorescent reporter revealed that both are localized at the ER. Characterization of transgenic plants that overexpress PECP1 or PS2 showed that their activity toward PEtn may be different in vivo. We suggest that PECP1 and PS2 are ER-localized phosphatases that show similar expression pattern yet have a distinct substrate specificity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anh H. Ngo
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Van C. Nguyen
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Farrel Gunawan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Yuki Nakamura,
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