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Moss SMA, Zhou Y, Butelli E, Waite CN, Yeh SM, Cordiner SB, Harris NN, Copsey L, Schwinn KE, Davies KM, Hudson A, Martin C, Albert NW. Painted flowers: Eluta generates pigment patterning in Antirrhinum. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024. [PMID: 38822654 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
In the early 1900s, Erwin Baur established Antirrhinum majus as a model system, identifying and characterising numerous flower colour variants. This included Picturatum/Eluta, which restricts the accumulation of magenta anthocyanin pigments, forming bullseye markings on the flower face. We identified the gene underlying the Eluta locus by transposon-tagging, using an Antirrhinum line that spontaneously lost the nonsuppressive el phenotype. A candidate MYB repressor gene at this locus contained a CACTA transposable element. We subsequently identified plants where this element excised, reverting to a suppressive Eluta phenotype. El alleles inhibit expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes, confirming it to be a regulatory locus. The modes of action of Eluta were investigated by generating stable transgenic tobacco lines, biolistic transformation of Antirrhinum petals and promoter activation/repression assays. Eluta competes with MYB activators for promoter cis-elements, and also by titrating essential cofactors (bHLH proteins) to reduce transcription of target genes. Eluta restricts the pigmentation established by the R2R3-MYB factors, Rosea and Venosa, with the greatest repression on those parts of the petals where Eluta is most highly expressed. Baur questioned the origin of heredity units determining flower colour variation in cultivated A. majus. Our findings support introgression from wild species into cultivated varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M A Moss
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
| | - Yanfei Zhou
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
| | | | - Chethi N Waite
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
| | - Shin-Mei Yeh
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Auckland, 1025, New Zealand
| | - Sarah B Cordiner
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
| | - Nilangani N Harris
- The New Zealand Institute for Crop and Food Research Ltd, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
| | | | - Kathy E Schwinn
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
| | - Kevin M Davies
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Nick W Albert
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
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2
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Geng Z, Liu M, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Sun Y, Wang H, Zhou L, Jiang J, Chen S, Chen F. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal CmMYB308 as a key regulator in the pink flower color variation of 'Dante Purple' chrysanthemum. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:157. [PMID: 38819475 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03244-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE CmMYB308 was identified as a key regulator in chrysanthemum flower color variation from purple to pink by conducting transcriptome and metabolome analysis. CmMYB308 can inhibit anthocyanin biosynthesis by suppressing the expression of CmPAL, CmC4H, and Cm4CL. Flower color variation is a widespread natural occurrence that plays a significant role in floral breeding. We discovered a variation in the flower of the chrysanthemum cultivar 'Dante Purple' (abbreviated as 'DP'), where the flower color shifted from purple to pink. We successfully propagated these pink flowers through tissue culture and designated them as DPM. By conducting transcriptome and metabolome analysis, we identified a reduction in the expression of critical genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis-CmPAL, CmC4H, and Cm4CL-in the DPM. This downregulation led to an accumulation of phenylalanine and cinnamic acid within the general phenylpropanoid pathway (GPP), which prevented their conversion into cyanidin and cyanidin 3-glucoside. As a result, the flowers turned pink. Additional transformation and biochemical experiments confirmed that the upregulation of CmMYB308 gene expression in the DPM directly suppressed CmPAL-1 and CmC4H genes, which indirectly affected Cm4CL-3 expression and ultimately inhibited anthocyanin biosynthesis in the DPM. This study offers a preliminary insight into the molecular mechanism underlying chrysanthemum flower color mutation, paving the way for genetic improvements in chrysanthemum flower color breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Miao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yiguang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - You Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - YanYan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lijie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Feng X, Hong J, Aamir Manzoor M, Zhou X, Zhou Q, Cai Y. Transcription factor PbMYB80 regulates lignification of stone cells and undergoes RING finger protein PbRHY1-mediated degradation in pear fruit. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:883-900. [PMID: 37944017 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The Chinese white pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) fruit carries a high proportion of stone cells, adversely affecting fruit quality. Lignin is a main component of stone cells in pear fruit. In this study, we discovered that a pear MYB transcription factor, PbMYB80, binds to the promoters of key lignin biosynthesis genes and inhibits their expression. Stable overexpression of PbMYB80 in Arabidopsis showed that lignin deposition and secondary wall thickening were inhibited, and the expression of the lignin biosynthesis genes in transgenic Arabidopsis was decreased. Transient overexpression of PbMYB80 in pear fruit inhibited lignin metabolism and stone cell development, and the expression of some genes in the lignin metabolism pathway was reduced. In contrast, silencing PbMYB80 with VIGS increased the lignin and stone cell content in pear fruit, and increased expression of genes in the lignin metabolism pathway. By screening a pear fruit cDNA library in yeast, we found that PbMYB80 binds to a RING finger (PbRHY1) protein. We also showed that PbRHY1 exhibits E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and degrades ubiquitinated PbMYB80 in vivo and in vitro. This investigation contributes to a better understanding of the regulation of lignin biosynthesis in pear fruit, and provides a theoretical foundation for increasing pear fruit quality at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaofeng Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiayi Hong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Muhammad Aamir Manzoor
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xinyue Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Qifang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongping Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Tang F, Jiao B, Zhang M, He M, Su R, Luo K, Lan T. PtoMYB031, the R2R3 MYB transcription factor involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis in poplar. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1341245. [PMID: 38298604 PMCID: PMC10828011 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1341245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The biosynthesis of the secondary cell wall (SCW) is orchestrated by an intricate hierarchical transcriptional regulatory network. This network is initiated by first-layer master switches, SCW-NAC transcription factors, which in turn activate the second-layer master switches MYBs. These switches play a crucial role in regulating xylem specification and differentiation during SCW formation. However, the roles of most MYBs in woody plants are yet to be fully understood. Methods In this study, we identified and isolated the R2R3-MYB transcription factor, PtoMYB031, from Populus tomentosa. We explored its expression, mainly in xylem tissues, and its role as a transcriptional repressor in the nucleus. We used overexpression and RNA interference techniques in poplar, along with Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays, to analyze the regulatory effects of PtoMYB031. Results Overexpression of PtoMYB031 in poplar significantly reduced lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose content, and inhibited vascular development in stems, resulting in decreased SCW thickness in xylem tissues. Gene expression analysis showed that structural genes involved in SCW biosynthesis were downregulated in PtoMYB031-OE lines. Conversely, RNA interference of PtoMYB031 increased these compounds. Additionally, PtoMYB031 was found to recruit the repressor PtoZAT11, forming a transcriptional inhibition complex. Discussion Our findings provide new insights into how PtoMYB031, through its interaction with PtoZAT11, forms a complex that can suppress the expression of key regulatory genes, PtoWND1A and PtoWND2B, in SCW biosynthesis. This study enhances our understanding of the transcriptional regulation involved in SCW formation in poplar, highlighting the significant role of PtoMYB031.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Jiao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minghui He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruiying Su
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Keming Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Lan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Niu M, Chen X, Guo Y, Song J, Cui J, Wang L, Su N. Sugar Signals and R2R3-MYBs Participate in Potassium-Repressed Anthocyanin Accumulation in Radish. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:1601-1616. [PMID: 37862259 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants is influenced by a wide range of environmental factors, such as light, temperature and nutrient availability. In this study, we revealed that the potassium-repressed anthocyanin accumulation in radish hypocotyls was associated with altered sugar distribution and sugar signaling pathways rather than changes in oxidative stress status. Sugar-feeding experiments suggested a hexokinase-independent glucose signal acted as a major contributor in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis, transport and regulatory genes at the transcriptional level. Several R2R3-MYBs were identified as anthocyanin-related MYBs. Phylogenetic and protein sequence analyses suggested that RsMYB75 met the criteria of subgroup 6 MYB activator, while RsMYB39 and RsMYB82 seemed to be a non-canonical MYB anthocyanin activator and repressor, respectively. Through yeast-one-hybrid, dual-luciferase and transient expression assays, we confirmed that RsMYB39 strongly induced the promoter activity of anthocyanin transport-related gene RsGSTF12, while RsMYB82 significantly reduced anthocyanin biosynthesis gene RsANS1 expression. Molecular models are proposed in the discussion, allowing speculation on how these novel RsMYBs may regulate the expression levels of anthocyanin-related structural genes. Together, our data evidenced the strong impacts of potassium on sugar metabolism and signaling and its regulation of anthocyanin accumulation through different sugar signals and R2R3-MYBs in a hierarchical regulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Niu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1, Weigang, Xiaoling Wei Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1, Weigang, Xiaoling Wei Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Youyou Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1, Weigang, Xiaoling Wei Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Jinxue Song
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1, Weigang, Xiaoling Wei Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Jin Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Nana Su
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1, Weigang, Xiaoling Wei Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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Sumbur B, Gao F, Liu Q, Feng D, Bing J, Dorjee T, Li X, Sun H, Zhou Y. The Characterization of R2R3-MYB Genes in Ammopiptanthus nanus Uncovers That the miR858-AnaMYB87 Module Mediates the Accumulation of Anthocyanin under Osmotic Stress. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1721. [PMID: 38136592 PMCID: PMC10741500 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs) participate in the modulation of plant development, secondary metabolism, and responses to environmental stresses. Ammopiptanthus nanus, a leguminous dryland shrub, tolerates a high degree of environmental stress, including drought and low-temperature stress. The systematic identification, structural analysis, evolutionary analysis, and gene profiling of R2R3-MYB TFs under cold and osmotic stress in A. nanus were performed. Up to 137 R2R3-MYB TFs were identified and clustered into nine clades, with most A. nanus R2R3-MYB members belonging to clade VIII. Tandem and segmental duplication events drove the expansion of the A. nanus R2R3-MYB family. Expression profiling revealed that multiple R2R3-MYB genes significantly changed under osmotic and cold stress conditions. MiR858 and miR159 targeted 88 R2R3-MYB genes. AnaMYB87, an miR858-targeted clade VIII R2R3-MYB TF, was up-regulated under both osmotic and cold stress. A transient expression assay in apples showed that the overexpression of AnaMYB87 promoted anthocyanin accumulation. A luciferase reporter assay in tobacco demonstrated that AnaMYB87 positively affected the transactivation of the dihydroflavonol reductase gene, indicating that the miR858-MYB87 module mediates anthocyanin accumulation under osmotic stress by regulating the dihydroflavonol reductase gene in A. nanus. This study provides new data to understand the roles of R2R3-MYB in plant stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batu Sumbur
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China; (B.S.); (F.G.); (Q.L.); (D.F.); (T.D.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China; (B.S.); (F.G.); (Q.L.); (D.F.); (T.D.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China; (B.S.); (F.G.); (Q.L.); (D.F.); (T.D.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Dandan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China; (B.S.); (F.G.); (Q.L.); (D.F.); (T.D.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jie Bing
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100080, China;
| | - Tashi Dorjee
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China; (B.S.); (F.G.); (Q.L.); (D.F.); (T.D.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuting Li
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China; (B.S.); (F.G.); (Q.L.); (D.F.); (T.D.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huigai Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Yijun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China; (B.S.); (F.G.); (Q.L.); (D.F.); (T.D.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
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Zhang Y, Qu X, Li X, Ren M, Tong Y, Wu X, Sun Y, Wu F, Yang A, Chen S. Comprehensive transcriptome and WGCNA analysis reveals the potential function of anthocyanins in low-temperature resistance of a red flower mutant tobacco. Genomics 2023; 115:110728. [PMID: 37858843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The anthocyanin is a protective substance in various plants, and plays important roles in resisting to low-temperature. Here, we explored transcriptome analysis of pink flower (as CK) and the natural mutant red flower (as research objects) under low-temperature conditions, and aimed to reveal the potential functions of anthocyanins and anthocyanin-related regulatory factors in resistance to low-temperature. Our results showed that most of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) encoding key enzymes in the late stage of anthocyanin metabolism in the mutant were significantly up-regulated. Meanwhile, several genes significantly differentially expressed in CK or mutant were obtained by classification and analysis of transcription factors (TFs), phytohormones and osmoregulators. Additionally, WGCNA was carried out to mine hub genes resistanted to low-temperature stress in flavonoid pathway. Finally, one UFGT family gene, three MYB and one bHLH were obtained as the future hub genes of this study. Combined with the above information, we concluded that the ability of the red flower mutant to grow and develop normally at low-temperatures was the result of a combination of flavonoids and cold resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinchao Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiaoling Qu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiuchun Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Min Ren
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Ying Tong
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiuming Wu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Fengyan Wu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Aiguo Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Shuai Chen
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
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8
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Bai Y, Zhao X, Yao X, Yao Y, Li X, Hou L, An L, Wu K, Wang Z. Comparative transcriptome analysis of major lodging resistant factors in hulless barley. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1230792. [PMID: 37905169 PMCID: PMC10613528 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1230792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f.), belonging to the genus Gramineae, has high and steady output and thus considered as a principal food crop by Tibetan people. Hulless barley grain can be used for food, brewing, and functional health product development, while its straw serves as an essential supplementary forage and is a crucial cereal crop. Lodging can reduce the yield and quality of barley grain and straw, and it hinders mechanical harvesting. It is a significant factor affecting high and stable yields of barley. Unlike other Poaceae plants (such as rice, wheat), hulless barley is mainly grown in high-altitude regions, where it is susceptible to low temperatures, strong winds, and heavy rainfall. As a result, its stem lodging resistance is relatively weak, making it prone to lodging during the growth period. In this study, we observed that the lignin concentration and the contents of lignin monomers (H, S, and G), and neutral detergent fibre of the lodging-resistant variety Kunlun14 were substantially greater than those of the lodging-sensitive variety Menyuanlianglan. We performed the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) analysis of both the lodging-resistant and lodging-sensitive varieties. Through transcriptome sequencing analysis at different developmental stages, combined with the previously annotated genes related to lodging resistance, a total of 72 DEGs were identified. Among these DEGs, 17 genes were related to lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose synthesis or regulation, including five transcription factors about NAC, MYB and WRKY. Our results provide a basis for further exploring the molecular mechanism of stem lodging resistance in hulless barley and provide valuable gene resources for stem lodging resistance molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiong Bai
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
- Good Agricultural Practices Research Center of Traditional, Chongqing Institute of Medicinal Plant Cultivation, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohua Yao
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Youhua Yao
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Lu Hou
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Likun An
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Kunlun Wu
- Qinghai University, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
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9
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Devos KM, Qi P, Bahri BA, Gimode DM, Jenike K, Manthi SJ, Lule D, Lux T, Martinez-Bello L, Pendergast TH, Plott C, Saha D, Sidhu GS, Sreedasyam A, Wang X, Wang H, Wright H, Zhao J, Deshpande S, de Villiers S, Dida MM, Grimwood J, Jenkins J, Lovell J, Mayer KFX, Mneney EE, Ojulong HF, Schatz MC, Schmutz J, Song B, Tesfaye K, Odeny DA. Genome analyses reveal population structure and a purple stigma color gene candidate in finger millet. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3694. [PMID: 37344528 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38915-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Finger millet is a key food security crop widely grown in eastern Africa, India and Nepal. Long considered a 'poor man's crop', finger millet has regained attention over the past decade for its climate resilience and the nutritional qualities of its grain. To bring finger millet breeding into the 21st century, here we present the assembly and annotation of a chromosome-scale reference genome. We show that this ~1.3 million years old allotetraploid has a high level of homoeologous gene retention and lacks subgenome dominance. Population structure is mainly driven by the differential presence of large wild segments in the pericentromeric regions of several chromosomes. Trait mapping, followed by variant analysis of gene candidates, reveals that loss of purple coloration of anthers and stigma is associated with loss-of-function mutations in the finger millet orthologs of the maize R1/B1 and Arabidopsis GL3/EGL3 anthocyanin regulatory genes. Proanthocyanidin production in seed is not affected by these gene knockouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien M Devos
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - Peng Qi
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Bochra A Bahri
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, 30223, USA
| | - Davis M Gimode
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) - Eastern and Southern Africa, P.O. Box 39063-00623, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Katharine Jenike
- Departments of Computer Science, Biology and Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Samuel J Manthi
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) - Eastern and Southern Africa, P.O. Box 39063-00623, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Dagnachew Lule
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 81265, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Ethiopian Agricultural Transformation Agency, Addis Ababa, Bole, Ethiopia
| | - Thomas Lux
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Liliam Martinez-Bello
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- UR Ventures, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Thomas H Pendergast
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Chris Plott
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Dipnarayan Saha
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibers, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700120, India
| | - Gurjot S Sidhu
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Avinash Sreedasyam
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Xuewen Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Hallie Wright
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Santosh Deshpande
- ICRISAT, Patancheru, 502 324, T.S., India
- Hytech Seed India Pvt. Ltd., Ravalkol Village, Medcahl-Malkajgiri Dist-, 501 401, Hubballi, T.S, India
| | - Santie de Villiers
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pwani University, Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
- Pwani University Biosciences Research Center (PUBReC), Kilifi, 80108, Kenya
| | - Mathews M Dida
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Maseno University, P.O. 333, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Jane Grimwood
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Jerry Jenkins
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - John Lovell
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Klaus F X Mayer
- Plant Genome and Systems Biology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Emmarold E Mneney
- Mikocheni Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 6226, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
- Biotechnology Society of Tanzania, P.O. Box 10257, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Henry F Ojulong
- ICRISAT, Matopos Research Station, P.O. Box 776, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
| | - Michael C Schatz
- Departments of Computer Science, Biology and Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Jeremy Schmutz
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Bo Song
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Kassahun Tesfaye
- Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Bio and Emerging Technology Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Damaris A Odeny
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) - Eastern and Southern Africa, P.O. Box 39063-00623, Nairobi, Kenya
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10
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Wei L, Zhao X, Gu X, Peng J, Song W, Deng B, Cao Y, Hu S. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Dendrocalamus farinosus CCoAOMT Gene Family and the Role of DfCCoAOMT14 Involved in Lignin Synthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8965. [PMID: 37240316 PMCID: PMC10219071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As the main component of plant cell walls, lignin can not only provide mechanical strength and physical defense for plants, but can also be an important indicator affecting the properties and quality of wood and bamboo. Dendrocalamus farinosus is an important economic bamboo species for both shoots and timber in southwest China, with the advantages of fast growth, high yield and slender fiber. Caffeoyl-coenzyme A-O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the lignin biosynthesis pathway, but little is known about it in D. farinosus. Here, a total of 17 DfCCoAOMT genes were identified based on the D. farinosus whole genome. DfCCoAOMT1/14/15/16 were homologs of AtCCoAOMT1. DfCCoAOMT6/9/14/15/16 were highly expressed in stems of D. farinosus; this is consistent with the trend of lignin accumulation during bamboo shoot elongation, especially DfCCoAOMT14. The analysis of promoter cis-acting elements suggested that DfCCoAOMTs might be important for photosynthesis, ABA/MeJA responses, drought stress and lignin synthesis. We then confirmed that the expression levels of DfCCoAOMT2/5/6/8/9/14/15 were regulated by ABA/MeJA signaling. In addition, overexpression of DfCCoAOMT14 in transgenic plants significantly increased the lignin content, xylem thickness and drought resistance of plants. Our findings revealed that DfCCoAOMT14 can be a candidate gene that is involved in the drought response and lignin synthesis pathway in plants, which could contribute to the genetic improvement of many important traits in D. farinosus and other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixian Wei
- Lab of Plant Cell Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Lab of Plant Cell Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gu
- Lab of Plant Cell Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jiahui Peng
- Lab of Plant Cell Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Wenjuan Song
- Lab of Plant Cell Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Lab of Plant Cell Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Lab of Plant Cell Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Shanglian Hu
- Lab of Plant Cell Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621010, China
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11
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Kapoor P, Rakhra G, Kumar V, Joshi R, Gupta M, Rakhra G. Insights into the functional characterization of DIR proteins through genome-wide in silico and evolutionary studies: a systematic review. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:166. [PMID: 37202648 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Dirigent proteins (DIRs) are a new class of proteins that were identified during the 8-8' lignan biosynthetic pathway and involves the formation of ( +) or ( -)-pinoresinol through stereoselective coupling from E-coniferyl alcohol. These proteins are known to play a vital role in the development and stress response in plants. Various studies have reported the functional and structural characterization of dirigent gene family in different plants using in silico approaches. Here, we have summarized the importance of dirigent proteins in plants and their role in plant stress tolerance by analyzing the genome-wide analysis including gene structure, mapping of chromosomes, phylogenetic evolution, conserved motifs, gene structure, and gene duplications in important plants. Overall, this review would help to compare and clarify the molecular and evolutionary characteristics of dirigent gene family in different plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preedhi Kapoor
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Gurseen Rakhra
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Ridhi Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Mahiti Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Gurmeen Rakhra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India.
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12
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Abid MA, Zhou Q, Abbas M, He H, Meng Z, Wang Y, Wei Y, Guo S, Zhang R, Liang C. Natural variation in Beauty Mark is associated with UV-based geographical adaptation in Gossypium species. BMC Biol 2023; 21:106. [PMID: 37173786 PMCID: PMC10176956 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01591-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthocyanins, a class of specialized metabolites that are ubiquitous among plant species, have attracted a great deal of attention from plant biologists due to their chemical diversity. They confer purple, pink, and blue colors that attract pollinators, protect plants from ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) to facilitate plant survival during abiotic stress. In a previous study, we identified Beauty Mark (BM) in Gossypium barbadense as an activator of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway; this gene also directly led to the formation of a pollinator-attracting purple spot. RESULTS Here, we found that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (C/T) within the BM coding sequence was responsible for variations in this trait. Transient expression assays of BM from G. barbadense and G. hirsutum in Nicotiana benthamiana using luciferase reporter gene also suggested that SNPs in the coding sequence could be responsible for the absent beauty mark phenotype observed in G. hirsutum. We next demonstrated that the beauty mark and UV floral patterns are associated phenotypes and that UV exposure resulted in increased ROS generation in floral tissues; BM thus contributed to ROS scavenging in G. barbadense and wild cotton plants with flowers containing the beauty mark. Furthermore, a nucleotide diversity analysis and Tajima's D Test suggested that there have been strong selective sweeps in the GhBM locus during G. hirsutum domestication. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results suggest that cotton species differ in their approaches to absorbing or reflecting UV light and thus exhibit variations in floral anthocyanin biosynthesis to scavenge reactive ROS; furthermore, these traits are related to the geographic distribution of cotton species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali Abid
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mubashir Abbas
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Haiyan He
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhigang Meng
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yunxiao Wei
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Sandui Guo
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Chengzhen Liang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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13
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Sun N, Hu J, Li C, Wang X, Gai Y, Jiang X. Fusion gene 4CL-CCR promotes lignification in tobacco suspension cells. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:939-952. [PMID: 36964306 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03002-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The fusion gene 4CL-CCR promotes lignification and activates lignin-related MYB expression in tobacco but inhibits auxin-related gene expression and hinders the auxin absorption of cells. Given the importance of lignin polymers in plant growth and their industrial value, it is necessary to investigate how plants synthesize monolignols and regulate the level of lignin in cell walls. In our previous study, expression of the Populus tomentosa fusion gene 4CL-CCR significantly promoted the production of 4-hydroxycinnamyl alcohols. However, the function of 4CL-CCR in organisms remains poorly understood. In this study, the fusion gene 4CL-CCR was heterologously expressed in tobacco suspension cells. We found that the transgenic suspension cells exhibited lignification earlier. Furthermore, 4CL-CCR significantly reduced the content of phenolic acids and increased the content of aldehydes in the medium, which led to an increase in lignin deposition. Moreover, transcriptome results showed that the genes related to lignin synthesis, such as PAL, 4CL, CCoAOMT and CAD, were significantly upregulated in the 4CL-CCR group. The expression of genes related to auxin, such as ARF3, ARF5 and ARF6, was significantly downregulated. The downregulation of auxin affected the expression of transcription factor MYBs. We hypothesize that the upregulated genes MYB306 and MYB315 are involved in the regulation of cell morphogenesis and lignin biosynthesis and eventually enhance lignification in tobacco suspension cells. Our findings provide insight into the function of 4CL-CCR in lignification and how secondary cell walls are formed in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xuechun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ying Gai
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xiangning Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China.
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14
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Zhang B, Dang X, Chen H, Li T, Zhu F, Nagawa S. Ectopic Expression of FvVND4c Promotes Secondary Cell Wall Thickening and Flavonoid Accumulation in Fragaria vesca. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098110. [PMID: 37175817 PMCID: PMC10179399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary cell wall (SCW) thickening has a significant effect on the growth and development of plants, as well as in the resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Lignin accounts for the strength of SCW. It is synthesized through the phenylpropanoid pathway that also leads to flavonoid synthesis. The coupling strategies for lignin and flavonoid syntheses are diverse in plants. How their syntheses are balanced by transcriptional regulation in fleshy fruits is still unclear. The diploid strawberry (Fragaria vesca) is a model for fleshy fruits research due to its small genome and wide scope of genetic transformation. SCW thickening is regulated by a multilevel transcriptional regulatory network wherein vascular-related NAC domains (VNDs) act as key regulators. In this study, we systematically characterized VNDs in Fragaria vesca and explored their functions. The overexpression of FvVND4c in diploid strawberry fruits resulted in SCW thickening and fruit color changes accompanied with the accumulation of lignin and flavonoids. Genes related to these phenotypes were also induced upon FvVND4c overexpression. Among the induced genes, we found FvMYB46 to be a direct downstream regulator of FvVND4c. The overexpression of FvMYB46 resulted in similar phenotypes as FvVND4c, except for the color change. Transcriptomic analyses suggest that both FvVND4c and FvMYB46 act on phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, and induce lignin synthesis for SCW. These results suggest that FvVND4c and FvMYB46 cooperatively regulate SCW thickening and flavonoid accumulation in Fragaria vesca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaofei Dang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tian Li
- College of Future Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Fangjie Zhu
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University-University of California, Riverside, Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shingo Nagawa
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University-University of California, Riverside, Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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15
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Gao XR, Zhang H, Li X, Bai YW, Peng K, Wang Z, Dai ZR, Bian XF, Zhang Q, Jia LC, Li Y, Liu QC, Zhai H, Gao SP, Zhao N, He SZ. The B-box transcription factor IbBBX29 regulates leaf development and flavonoid biosynthesis in sweet potato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:496-514. [PMID: 36377782 PMCID: PMC9806656 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant flavonoids are valuable natural antioxidants. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves are rich in flavonoids, regenerate rapidly, and can adapt to harsh environments, making them an ideal material for flavonoid biofortification. Here, we demonstrate that the B-box (BBX) family transcription factor IbBBX29 regulates the flavonoid contents and development of sweet potato leaves. IbBBX29 was highly expressed in sweet potato leaves and significantly induced by auxin (IAA). Overexpression of IbBBX29 contributed to a 21.37%-70.94% increase in leaf biomass, a 12.08%-21.85% increase in IAA levels, and a 31.33%-63.03% increase in flavonoid accumulation in sweet potato, whereas silencing this gene produced opposite effects. Heterologous expression of IbBBX29 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) led to a dwarfed phenotype, along with enhanced IAA and flavonoid accumulation. RNA-seq analysis revealed that IbBBX29 modulates the expression of genes involved in the IAA signaling and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that IbBBX29 targets key genes of IAA signaling and flavonoid biosynthesis to activate their expression by binding to specific T/G-boxes in their promoters, especially those adjacent to the transcription start site. Moreover, IbBBX29 physically interacted with developmental and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis-related proteins, such as AGAMOUS-LIKE 21 protein IbAGL21 and MYB308-like protein IbMYB308L. Finally, overexpressing IbBBX29 also increased flavonoid contents in sweet potato storage roots. These findings indicate that IbBBX29 plays a pivotal role in regulating IAA-mediated leaf development and flavonoid biosynthesis in sweet potato and Arabidopsis, providing a candidate gene for flavonoid biofortification in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-ru Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan 572025, China
| | - Xu Li
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan 572025, China
| | - Yi-wei Bai
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kui Peng
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhuo-ru Dai
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiao-feng Bian
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Li-cong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Grain and Oil Crops, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qing-chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shao-pei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shao-zhen He
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan 572025, China
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Mu H, Li Y, Yuan L, Jiang J, Wei Y, Duan W, Fan P, Li S, Liang Z, Wang L. MYB30 and MYB14 form a repressor-activator module with WRKY8 that controls stilbene biosynthesis in grapevine. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:552-573. [PMID: 36255259 PMCID: PMC9806661 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
When exposed to pathogen infection or ultraviolet (UV) radiation, grapevine (Vitis vinifera) plants rapidly accumulate the stilbenoid resveratrol (Res) with concomitant increase of stilbene synthase (STS), the key enzyme in stilbene biosynthesis. Although a few transcription factors have been shown to regulate STSs, the molecular mechanism governing the regulation of STSs is not well elucidated. Our previous work showed that a VvMYB14-VvWRKY8 regulatory loop fine-tunes stilbene biosynthesis in grapevine through protein-protein interaction; overexpression of VvWRKY8 down-regulates VvMYB14 and VvSTS15/21; and application of exogenous Res up-regulates WRKY8 expression. Here, we identified an R2R3-MYB repressor, VvMYB30, which competes with the activator VvMYB14 for binding to the common binding sites in the VvSTS15/21 promoter. Similar to VvMYB14, VvMYB30 physically interacts with VvWRKY8 through their N-termini, forming a complex that does not bind DNA. Exposure to UV-B/C stress induces VvMYB14, VvWRKY8, and VvSTS15/21, but represses VvMYB30 in grapevine leaves. In addition, MYB30 expression is up-regulated by VvWRKY8-overexpression or exogenous Res. These findings suggest that the VvMYB14-VvWRKY8-VvMYB30 regulatory circuit allows grapevine to respond to UV stress by producing Res and prevents over-accumulation of Res to balance metabolic costs. Our work highlights the stress-mediated induction and feedback inhibition of stilbene biosynthesis through a complex regulatory network involving multiple positive and negative transcriptional regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayuan Mu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jinzhu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yongzan Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Wei Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Peige Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Zhenchang Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
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Wang Z, Ma L, Liu P, Luo Z, Li Z, Wu M, Xu X, Pu W, Huang P, Yang J. Transcription factor NtWRKY33a modulates the biosynthesis of polyphenols by targeting NtMYB4 and NtHCT genes in tobacco. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 326:111522. [PMID: 36332766 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There are abundant polyphenols in tobacco leaves mainly including chlorogenic acid (CGA), rutin, and scopoletin, which not only influence plant growth, development, and environmental adaptation, but also have a great impact on the industrial utilization of tobacco leaves. Few transcription factors regulating the biosynthesis of polyphenols have been identified in tobacco so far. In this study, two NtWRKY33 genes were identified from N. tabacum genome. NtWRKY33a showed higher transcriptional activity than NtWRKY33b, and encoded a nuclear localized protein. Overexpression and knock-out of NtWRKY33a gene revealed that NtWRKY33a inhibited the accumulation of rutin, scopoletin, and total polyphenols, but meanwhile promoted the biosynthesis of CGA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and Dual-Luc assays indicated that NtWRKY33a could directly bind to the promoters of NtMYB4 and NtHCT, and thus induced the transcription of these two genes. The contents of polyphenols in ntwrky33a, ntmy4, and ntwrky33a/ntmyb4 mutants further confirmed that the repression of NtWRKY33a on the biosynthesis of rutin, scopoletin, and total polyphenols depends on the activity of NtMYB4. Moreover, the promotion of NtHCT by NtWRKY33a modulates the distribution of metabolism flux into the synthesis of CGA. Ectopic expression of NtWRKY33a inhibit the expression of NtSAUR14, NtSAUR59, NtSAUR66, NtIAA4, NtIAA17, and NtIAA19 genes, indicating that NtWRKY33a might be involved in the regulation of plant auxin response. Our study revealed new functions of NtWRKY33a in regulating the synthesis of polyphenols, and provided a promising target for manipulating polyphenols contents in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Wang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lanxin Ma
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Pingping Liu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhaopeng Luo
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zefeng Li
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mingzhu Wu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xin Xu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenxuan Pu
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha 410007, China
| | - Pingjun Huang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha 410007, China.
| | - Jun Yang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Botton A, Girardi F, Ruperti B, Brilli M, Tijero V, Eccher G, Populin F, Schievano E, Riello T, Munné-Bosch S, Canton M, Rasori A, Cardillo V, Meggio F. Grape Berry Responses to Sequential Flooding and Heatwave Events: A Physiological, Transcriptional, and Metabolic Overview. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3574. [PMID: 36559686 PMCID: PMC9788187 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine cultivation, such as the whole horticulture, is currently challenged by several factors, among which the extreme weather events occurring under the climate change scenario are the most relevant. Within this context, the present study aims at characterizing at the berry level the physiological response of Vitis vinifera cv. Sauvignon Blanc to sequential stresses simulated under a semi-controlled environment: flooding at bud-break followed by multiple summer stress (drought plus heatwave) occurring at pre-vèraison. Transcriptomic and metabolomic assessments were performed through RNASeq and NMR, respectively. A comprehensive hormone profiling was also carried out. Results pointed out a different response to the heatwave in the two situations. Flooding caused a developmental advance, determining a different physiological background in the berry, thus affecting its response to the summer stress at both transcriptional levels, with the upregulation of genes involved in oxidative stress responses, and metabolic level, with the increase in osmoprotectants, such as proline and other amino acids. In conclusion, sequential stress, including a flooding event at bud-break followed by a summer heatwave, may impact phenological development and berry ripening, with possible consequences on berry and wine quality. A berry physiological model is presented that may support the development of sustainable vineyard management solutions to improve the water use efficiency and adaptation capacity of actual viticultural systems to future scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Botton
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology—CIRVE, University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, Conegliano, 31015 Treviso, Italy
| | - Francesco Girardi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Benedetto Ruperti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology—CIRVE, University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, Conegliano, 31015 Treviso, Italy
| | - Matteo Brilli
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Tijero
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Eccher
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Populin
- Unit of Fruit Crop Genetics and Breeding, Research and Innovation Centre—CRI, Edmund Mach Foundation—FEM, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all’Adige, 38098 Trento, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Schievano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Tobia Riello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Canton
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Angela Rasori
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Valerio Cardillo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Franco Meggio
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology—CIRVE, University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, Conegliano, 31015 Treviso, Italy
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Akhter S, Sami AA, Toma TI, Jahan B, Islam T. Caffeoyl-CoA 3-O-methyltransferase gene family in jute: Genome-wide identification, evolutionary progression and transcript profiling under different quandaries. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1035383. [PMID: 36589126 PMCID: PMC9798919 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1035383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Jute (Corchorus sp.), is a versatile, naturally occurring, biodegradable material that holds the promising possibility of diminishing the extensive use of plastic bags. One of the major components of the cell wall, lignin plays both positive and negative roles in fiber fineness and quality. Although it gives mechanical strength to plants, an excess amount of it is responsible for the diminution of fiber quality. Among various gene families involved in the lignin biosynthesis, Caffeoyl-CoA 3-O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) is the most significant and has remained mostly unexplored. In this study, an extensive in-silico characterization of the CCoAOMT gene family was carried out in two jute species (C. capsularis L. and C. olitoroius L.) by analyzing their structural, functional, molecular and evolutionary characteristics. A total of 6 CCoAOMT gene members were identified in each of the two species using published reference genomes. These two jute species showed high syntenic conservation and the identified CCoAOMT genes formed four clusters in the phylogenetic tree. Histochemical assay of lignin in both jute species could shed light on the deposition pattern in stems and how it changes in response to abiotic stresses. Furthermore, expression profiling using qPCR showed considerable alteration of CCoAOMT transcripts under various abiotic stresses and hormonal treatment. This study will lay a base for further analysis and exploration of target candidates for overexpression of gene silencing using modern biotechnological techniques to enhance the quality of this economically important fiber crop.
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Pratyusha DS, Sarada DVL. MYB transcription factors-master regulators of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and diverse developmental and stress responses. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:2245-2260. [PMID: 36171500 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02927-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phenylpropanoids, the largest class of natural products including flavonoids, anthocyanins, monolignols and tannins perform multiple functions ranging from photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, regulating growth, cell division, maintenance of redox homeostasis and biotic and abiotic stress responses. Being sedentary life forms, plants possess several regulatory modules that increase their performance in varying environments by facilitating activation of several signaling cascades upon perception of developmental and stress signals. Of the various regulatory modules, those involving MYB transcription factors are one of the extensive groups involved in regulating the phenylpropanoid metabolic enzymes in addition to other genes. R2R3 MYB transcription factors are a class of plant-specific transcription factors that regulate the expression of structural genes involved in anthocyanin, flavonoid and monolignol biosynthesis which are indispensable to several developmental pathways and stress responses. The aim of this review is to present the regulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway by MYB transcription factors via Phospholipase D/phosphatidic acid signaling, downstream activation of the structural genes, leading to developmental and/or stress responses. Specific MYB transcription factors inducing or repressing specific structural genes of anthocyanin, flavonoid and lignin biosynthetic pathways are discussed. Further the roles of MYB in activating biotic and abiotic stress responses are delineated. While several articles have reported the role of MYB's in stress responses, they are restricted to two or three specific MYB factors. This review is a consolidation of the diverse roles of different MYB transcription factors involved both in induction and repression of anthocyanin, flavonoid, and lignin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durvasula Sumana Pratyusha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
| | - Dronamraju V L Sarada
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India.
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21
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Liu M, Sun W, Ma Z, Guo C, Chen J, Wu Q, Wang X, Chen H. Integrated network analyses identify MYB4R1 neofunctionalization in the UV-B adaptation of Tartary buckwheat. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100414. [PMID: 35923114 PMCID: PMC9700134 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A hallmark of adaptive evolution is innovation in gene function, which is associated with the development of distinct roles for genes during plant evolution; however, assessing functional innovation over long periods of time is not trivial. Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) originated in the Himalayan region and has been exposed to intense UV-B radiation for a long time, making it an ideal species for studying novel UV-B response mechanisms in plants. Here, we developed a workflow to obtain a co-functional network of UV-B responses using data from more than 10,000 samples in more than 80 projects with multi-species and multi-omics data. Dissecting the entire network revealed that flavonoid biosynthesis was most significantly related to the UV-B response. Importantly, we found that the regulatory factor MYB4R1, which resides at the core of the network, has undergone neofunctionalization. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that MYB4R1 regulates flavonoid and anthocyanin accumulation in response to UV-B in buckwheat by binding to L-box motifs in the FtCHS, FtFLS, and FtUFGT promoters. We used deep learning to develop a visual discrimination model of buckwheat flavonoid content based on natural populations exposed to global UV-B radiation. Our study highlights the critical role of gene neofunctionalization in UV-B adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyang Liu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Zhaotang Ma
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Major Crop Diseases and Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chaocheng Guo
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qi Wu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xiyin Wang
- School of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China.
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
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22
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Li Y, Wu Q, Men X, Wu F, Zhang Q, Li W, Sun L, Xing S. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses of lignin biosynthesis mechanism of Platycladus orientalis. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14172. [PMID: 36345485 PMCID: PMC9636869 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Platycladus orientalis, as an important plant for ecological protection, is a pioneer tree species for afforestation in arid and barren mountainous areas. Lignin has the functions of water and soil conservation, strengthening plant mechanical strength and resisting adverse environmental effects and plays an important role in the ecological protection benefits of P. orientalis. Methods In this study, annual dynamic observations of the lignin content in roots, stems and leaves of one-year-old seedlings of a P. orientalis half-sib family were carried out, and combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses were carried out during three key stages of P. orientalis stem development. Results The lignin contents in roots, stems and leaves of P. orientalis showed extremely significant spatiotemporal differences. In the stems, lignin was mainly distributed in the cell walls of the pith, xylem, phloem, pericyte, and epidermis, with differences in different periods. A total of 226 metabolites were detected in the stem of P. orientalis, which were divided into seven categories, including 10 synthetic precursor compounds containing lignin. Among them, the content of coniferyl alcohol was the highest, accounting for 12.27% of the total content, and caffeyl alcohol was the lowest, accounting for 7.05% only. By annotating the KEGG functions, a large number of differentially expressed genes and differential metabolites were obtained for the comparison combinations, and seven key enzymes and 24 related genes involved in the process of lignin synthesis in P. orientalis were selected. Conclusions Based on the results of the metabolic mechanism of lignin in P. orientalis by biochemical, anatomical and molecular biological analyzes, the key regulatory pathways of lignin in P. orientalis were identified, which will be of great significance for regulating the lignin content of P. orientalis and improving the adaptability and resistance of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Qikui Wu
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Men
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Fusheng Wu
- Shandong Forest and Grass Germplasm Resources Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Forestry Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Weinan Li
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Limin Sun
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Shiyan Xing
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
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Zhu Z, Quan R, Chen G, Yu G, Li X, Han Z, Xu W, Li G, Shi J, Li B. An R2R3-MYB transcription factor VyMYB24, isolated from wild grape Vitis yanshanesis J. X. Chen., regulates the plant development and confers the tolerance to drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:966641. [PMID: 36160974 PMCID: PMC9495713 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.966641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In grapevines, the MYB transcription factors play an important regulatory role in the phenylpropanoid pathway including proanthocyanidin, anthocyanin, and flavonoid biosynthesis. However, the role of MYB in abiotic stresses is not clear. In this study, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, VyMYB24, was isolated from a high drought-tolerant Chinese wild Vitis species V. yanshanesis. Our findings demonstrated that it was involved in plant development and drought tolerance. VyMYB24 is a nuclear protein and is significantly induced by drought stress. When over-expressed in tobacco, VyMYB24 caused plant dwarfing including plant height, leaf area, flower size, and seed weight. The GA1+3 content in transgenic plants was reduced significantly, and spraying exogenous gibberellin could recover the dwarf phenotype of VyMYB24 transgenic plants, suggesting that VyMYB24 might inhibit plant development by the regulation of gibberellin (GA) metabolism. Under drought stress, the VyMYB24 transgenic plants improved their tolerance to drought with a lower wilting rate, lower relative electrical conductivity, and stronger roots. Compared to wild-type tobacco plants, VyMYB24 transgenic plants accumulated less reactive oxygen, accompanied by increased antioxidant enzyme activity and upregulated gene expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) genes. In addition, transgenic plants accumulated more proline, and their related synthetic genes NtP5CR and NtP5CS genes were significantly upregulated when exposed to drought. Besides, abiotic stress-responsive genes, NtDREB, NtERD10C, NtERD10D, and NtLEA5, were upregulated significantly in VyMYB24 transgenic plants. These results indicate that VyMYB24 plays a positive regulatory role in response to drought stress and also regulates plant development, which provides new evidence to further explore the molecular mechanism of drought stress of the MYB gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziguo Zhu
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
| | - Ran Quan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guangxia Chen
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
| | - Guanghui Yu
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
| | - Xiujie Li
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Han
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
| | - Wenwen Xu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guirong Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jiangli Shi
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
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Thakur S, Vasudev PG. MYB transcription factors and their role in Medicinal plants. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10995-11008. [PMID: 36074230 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07825-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors are multi-domain proteins that regulate gene expression in eukaryotic organisms. They are one of the largest families of proteins, which are structurally and functionally diverse. While there are transcription factors that are plant-specific, such as AP2/ERF, B3, NAC, SBP and WRKY, some transcription factors are present in both plants as well as other eukaryotic organisms. MYB transcription factors are widely distributed among all eukaryotes. In plants, the MYB transcription factors are involved in the regulation of numerous functions such as gene regulation in different metabolic pathways especially secondary metabolic pathways, regulation of different signalling pathways of plant hormones, regulation of genes involved in various developmental and morphological processes etc. Out of the thousands of MYB TFs that have been studied in plants, the majority of them have been studied in the model plants like Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa etc. The study of MYBs in other plants, especially medicinal plants, has been comparatively limited. But the increasing demand for medicinal plants for the production of biopharmaceuticals and important bioactive compounds has also increased the need to explore more number of these multifaceted transcription factors which play a significant role in the regulation of secondary metabolic pathways. These studies will ultimately contribute to medicinal plants' research and increased production of secondary metabolites, either through transgenic plants or through synthetic biology approaches. This review compiles studies on MYB transcription factors that are involved in the regulation of diverse functions in medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipa Thakur
- Plant Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 226015, Lucknow, India.
| | - Prema G Vasudev
- Plant Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 226015, Lucknow, India
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25
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Han X, Shi Q, He Z, Song W, Chen Q, Qi Z. Transcriptome-wide N 6-methyladenosine (m 6A) methylation in soybean under Meloidogyne incognita infection. ABIOTECH 2022; 3:197-211. [PMID: 36313932 PMCID: PMC9590533 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-022-00077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a reversible epigenetic modification of mRNA and other RNAs that plays a significant role in regulating gene expression and biological processes. However, m6A abundance, dynamics, and transcriptional regulatory mechanisms remain unexplored in the context of soybean resistance to Meloidogyne incognita. In this study, we performed a comparative analysis of transcriptome-wide m6A and metabolome profiles of soybean root tissues with and without M. incognita infection. Global m6A hypermethylation was widely induced in response to M. incognita infection and was enriched around the 3' end of coding sequences and in 3' UTR regions. There were 2069 significantly modified m6A sites, 594 differentially expressed genes, and 103 differentially accumulated metabolites between infected and uninfected roots, including coumestrol, psoralidin, and 2-hydroxyethylphosphonate. Among 101 m6A-modified DEGs, 34 genes were hypomethylated and upregulated, and 39 genes were hypermethylated and downregulated, indicating a highly negative correlation between m6A methylation and gene transcript abundance. A number of these m6A-modified DEGs, including WRKY70, ERF60, POD47 and LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinases, were involved in plant defense responses. Our study provides new insights into the critical role of m6A modification in early soybean responses to M. incognita. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42994-022-00077-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Qianqian Shi
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 China
| | - Ziyi He
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 China
| | - Wenwen Song
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 China
| | - Qingshan Chen
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Zhaoming Qi
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 China
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26
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Genome-Wide Identification of R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor and Expression Analysis under Abiotic Stress in Rice. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151928. [PMID: 35893632 PMCID: PMC9330779 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The myeloblastosis (MYB) family comprises a large group of transcription factors (TFs) that has a variety of functions. Among them, the R2R3-MYB type of proteins are the largest group in plants, which are involved in controlling various biological processes such as plant growth and development, physiological metabolism, defense, and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, bioinformatics was adopted to conduct genome-wide identification of the R2R3-MYB TFs in rice. We identified 190 MYB TFs (99 R2R3-MYBs), which are unevenly distributed on the 12 chromosomes of rice. Based on the phylogenetic clustering and protein sequence characteristics, OsMYBs were classified into five subgroups, and 59.6% of the Os2R_MYB genes contained two introns. Analysis of cis-acting elements in the 2000 bp upstream region of Os2R_MYB genes showed that all Os2R_MYB genes contained plant hormones-related or stress-responsive elements since 91.9%, 79.8%, 79.8%, and 58.6% of Os2R_MYB genes contain ABRE, TGACG, CGTCA, and MBS motifs, respectively. Protein–protein network analysis showed that the Os2R_MYBs were involved in metabolic process, biosynthetic process, and tissue development. In addition, some genes showed a tissue-specific or developmental-stage-specific expression pattern. Moreover, the transcription levels of 20 Os2R_MYB genes under polyethylene glycol (PEG) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) stress inducers were dissected by qRT-PCR. The results indicated genes with an altered expression upon PEG or CdCl2 stress induction. These results potentially supply a basis for further research on the role that Os2R_MYB genes play in plant development and stress responses.
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27
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Sezen UU, Worthy SJ, Umaña MN, Davies SJ, McMahon SM, Swenson NG. Comparative transcriptomics of tropical woody plants supports fast and furious strategy along the leaf economics spectrum in lianas. Biol Open 2022; 11:276072. [PMID: 35876379 PMCID: PMC9346291 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lianas, climbing woody plants, influence the structure and function of tropical forests. Climbing traits have evolved multiple times, including ancestral groups such as gymnosperms and pteridophytes, but the genetic basis of the liana strategy is largely unknown. Here, we use a comparative transcriptomic approach for 47 tropical plant species, including ten lianas of diverse taxonomic origins, to identify genes that are consistently expressed or downregulated only in lianas. Our comparative analysis of full-length transcripts enabled the identification of a core interactomic network common to lianas. Sets of transcripts identified from our analysis reveal features related to functional traits pertinent to leaf economics spectrum in lianas, include upregulation of genes controlling epidermal cuticular properties, cell wall remodeling, carbon concentrating mechanism, cell cycle progression, DNA repair and a large suit of downregulated transcription factors and enzymes involved in ABA-mediated stress response as well as lignin and suberin synthesis. All together, these genes are known to be significant in shaping plant morphologies through responses such as gravitropism, phyllotaxy and shade avoidance. Summary: The full-length fraction of liana transcriptomes mapped on a protein–protein interactome revealed the nature of their convergence through distinct sets of expressed and downregulated genes not observed in free-standing plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Uzay Sezen
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD, 21037, USA
| | - Samantha J Worthy
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616USA
| | - Maria N Umaña
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Stuart J Davies
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Gamboa, Panama.,Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, 20560, USA
| | - Sean M McMahon
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD, 21037, USA
| | - Nathan G Swenson
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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28
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Ražná K, Harenčár Ľ, Kučka M. The Involvement of microRNAs in Plant Lignan Biosynthesis—Current View. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142151. [PMID: 35883592 PMCID: PMC9323225 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignans, as secondary metabolites synthesized within a phenylpropanoid pathway, play various roles in plants, including their involvement in growth and plant defense processes. The health and nutritional benefits of lignans are unquestionable, and many studies have been devoted to these attributes. Although the regulatory role of miRNAs in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites has been widely reported, there is no systematic review available on the miRNA-based regulatory mechanism of lignans biosynthesis. However, the genetic background of lignan biosynthesis in plants is well characterized. We attempted to put together a regulatory mosaic based on current knowledge describing miRNA-mediated regulation of genes, enzymes, or transcription factors involved in this biosynthesis process. At the same time, we would like to underline the fact that further research is necessary to improve our understanding of the miRNAs regulating plant lignan biosynthesis by exploitation of current approaches for functional identification of miRNAs.
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29
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Kim D, Jeon SJ, Yanders S, Park SC, Kim HS, Kim S. MYB3 plays an important role in lignin and anthocyanin biosynthesis under salt stress condition in Arabidopsis. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:1549-1560. [PMID: 35562569 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02878-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear-localized Arabidopsis MYB3 functions as a transcriptional repressor for regulation of lignin and anthocyanin biosynthesis under high salt conditions. Salinity stress is a major factor which reduces plant growth and crop yield worldwide. To improve growth of crops in high salinity environments, plant responses to salinity stress must be tightly controlled. Here, to further understand the regulation of plant responses under high salinity conditions, the function of the MYB3 transcription factor was studied as a repressor to control accumulation of lignin and anthocyanin under salt stress conditions. Nuclear-localized MYB3 forms a homodimer. It is ubiquitously expressed, especially in vascular tissues, with expression highly induced by NaCl in tissues such as roots, leaves, stems, and flowers. myb3 mutant plants exhibited longer root growth in high NaCl conditions than wild-type plants. However, several NaCl responsive genes were not significantly altered in myb3 compared to wild-type. Interestingly, high accumulation of lignin and anthocyanin occurred in myb3 under NaCl treatment, as well as increased expression of genes involved in lignin and anthocyanin biosynthesis, such as phenylalanine ammonia lyase 1 (PAL1), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), 4-coumaric acid-CoA ligase (4CL3), dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR), and leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX). According to yeast two-hybrid screenings, various transcription factors, including anthocyanin regulators Transparent Testa 8 (TT8) and Enhancer of Glabra 3 (EGL3), were isolated as MYB3 interacting proteins. MYB3 was characterized as a transcriptional repressor, with its repressor domain located in the C-terminus. Overall, these results suggest that nuclear-localized MYB3 functions as a transcriptional repressor to control lignin and anthocyanin accumulation under salinity stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daewon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
- Division of Plant Science, C.S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Su Jeong Jeon
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Samantha Yanders
- Division of Plant Science, C.S. Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Sung-Chul Park
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Soo Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sewon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Wang S, Zhang Z, Li LX, Wang HB, Zhou H, Chen XS, Feng SQ. Apple MdMYB306-like inhibits anthocyanin synthesis by directly interacting with MdMYB17 and MdbHLH33. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:1021-1034. [PMID: 35220614 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Li-Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Hai-Bo Wang
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Ecophysiology of Horticultural Crops, Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Xue-Sen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Shou-Qian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
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31
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Zumajo-Cardona C, Ambrose BA. Fleshy or dry: transcriptome analyses reveal the genetic mechanisms underlying bract development in Ephedra. EvoDevo 2022; 13:10. [PMID: 35477429 PMCID: PMC9047513 DOI: 10.1186/s13227-022-00195-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gnetales have a key phylogenetic position in the evolution of seed plants. Among the Gnetales, there is an extraordinary morphological diversity of seeds, the genus Ephedra, in particular, exhibits fleshy, coriaceous or winged (dry) seeds. Despite this striking diversity, its underlying genetic mechanisms remain poorly understood due to the limited studies in gymnosperms. Expanding the genomic and developmental data from gymnosperms contributes to a better understanding of seed evolution and development. RESULTS We performed transcriptome analyses on different plant tissues of two Ephedra species with different seed morphologies. Anatomical observations in early developing ovules, show that differences in the seed morphologies are established early in their development. The transcriptomic analyses in dry-seeded Ephedra californica and fleshy-seeded Ephedra antisyphilitica, allowed us to identify the major differences between the differentially expressed genes in these species. We detected several genes known to be involved in fruit ripening as upregulated in the fleshy seed of Ephedra antisyphilitica. CONCLUSIONS This study allowed us to determine the differentially expressed genes involved in seed development of two Ephedra species. Furthermore, the results of this study of seeds with the enigmatic morphology in Ephedra californica and Ephedra antisyphilitica, allowed us to corroborate the hypothesis which suggest that the extra envelopes covering the seeds of Gnetales are not genetically similar to integument. Our results highlight the importance of carrying out studies on less explored species such as gymnosperms, to gain a better understanding of the evolutionary history of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Zumajo-Cardona
- New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, USA.,The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barbara A Ambrose
- New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, USA. .,The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
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32
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Zhao X, Niu Y, Bai X, Mao T. Transcriptomic and Metabolic Profiling Reveals a Lignin Metabolism Network Involved in Mesocotyl Elongation during Maize Seed Germination. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11081034. [PMID: 35448762 PMCID: PMC9027596 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lignin is an important factor affecting agricultural traits. The mechanism of lignin metabolism in maize (Zea mays) mesocotyl elongation was investigated during seed germination. Maize seeds were treated with 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) and brassinazole stimulation under 3 and 20 cm deep-seeding stress. Mesocotyl transcriptome sequencing together with targeted metabolomics analysis and physiological measurements were employed in two contrasting genotypes. Our results revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, flavonoid biosynthesis, and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism. There were 153 DEGs for lignin biosynthesis pathway, 70 DEGs for peroxisome pathway, and 325 differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) of MYB, NAC, WRKY, and LIM were identified in all comparisons, and highly interconnected network maps were generated among multiple TFs (MYB and WRKY) and DEGs for lignin biosynthesis and peroxisome biogenesis. This caused p-coumaraldehyde, p-coumaryl alcohol, and sinapaldehyde down-accumulation,
however, caffeyl aldehyde and caffeyl alcohol up-accumulation. The sum/ratios of H-, S-, and G-lignin monomers was also altered, which decreased total lignin formation and accumulation, resulting in cell wall rigidity decreasing. As a result, a significant elongation of maize mesocotyl was detected under deep-seeding stress and EBR signaling. These findings provide information on the molecular mechanisms controlling maize seedling emergence under deep-seeding stress and will aid in the breeding of deep-seeding maize cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Zhao
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Y.N.); Tel.: +86-183-9415-8662 (X.Z.); +86-139-1913-0638 (Y.N.)
| | - Yining Niu
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Y.N.); Tel.: +86-183-9415-8662 (X.Z.); +86-139-1913-0638 (Y.N.)
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33
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Arce RC, Carrillo N, Pierella Karlusich JJ. The chloroplast redox-responsive transcriptome of solanaceous plants reveals significant nuclear gene regulatory motifs associated to stress acclimation. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 108:513-530. [PMID: 35044587 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptomes of solanaceous plants expressing a plastid-targeted antioxidant protein were analysed to identify chloroplast redox networks modulating the expression of nuclear genes associated with stress acclimation. Plastid functions depend on the coordinated expression of nuclear genes, many of them associated to developmental and stress response pathways. Plastid-generated signals mediate this coordination via retrograde signaling, which includes sensing of chloroplast redox state and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), although it remains a poorly understood process. Chloroplast redox poise and ROS build-up can be modified by recombinant expression of a plastid-targeted antioxidant protein, i.e., cyanobacterial flavodoxin, with the resulting plants displaying increased tolerance to multiple environmental challenges. Here we analysed the transcriptomes of these flavodoxin-expressing plants to study the coordinated transcriptional responses of the nucleus to the chloroplast redox status and ROS levels during normal growth and stress responses (drought or biotic stress) in tobacco and potato, members of the economically important Solanaceae family. We compared their transcriptomes against those from stressed and mutant plants accumulating ROS in different subcellular compartments and found distinct ROS-related imprints modulated by flavodoxin expression and/or stress. By introducing our datasets in a large-scale interaction network, we identified transcriptional factors related to ROS and stress responses potentially involved in flavodoxin-associated signaling. Finally, we discovered identical cis elements in the promoters of many genes that respond to flavodoxin in the same direction as in wild-type plants under stress, suggesting a priming effect of flavodoxin before stress manifestation. The results provide a genome-wide picture illustrating the relevance of chloroplast redox status on biotic and abiotic stress responses and suggest new cis and trans targets to generate stress-tolerant solanaceous crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío C Arce
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-UNR/CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Néstor Carrillo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-UNR/CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Juan J Pierella Karlusich
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France.
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34
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Orduña L, Li M, Navarro-Payá D, Zhang C, Santiago A, Romero P, Ramšak Ž, Magon G, Höll J, Merz P, Gruden K, Vannozzi A, Cantu D, Bogs J, Wong DCJ, Huang SSC, Matus JT. Direct regulation of shikimate, early phenylpropanoid, and stilbenoid pathways by Subgroup 2 R2R3-MYBs in grapevine. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:529-547. [PMID: 35092714 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The stilbenoid pathway is responsible for the production of resveratrol in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). A few transcription factors (TFs) have been identified as regulators of this pathway but the extent of this control has not been deeply studied. Here we show how DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-Seq) allows for the genome-wide TF-binding site interrogation in grape. We obtained 5190 and 4443 binding events assigned to 4041 and 3626 genes for MYB14 and MYB15, respectively (approximately 40% of peaks located within −10 kb of transcription start sites). DAP-Seq of MYB14/MYB15 was combined with aggregate gene co-expression networks (GCNs) built from more than 1400 transcriptomic datasets from leaves, fruits, and flowers to narrow down bound genes to a set of high confidence targets. The analysis of MYB14, MYB15, and MYB13, a third uncharacterized member of Subgroup 2 (S2), showed that in addition to the few previously known stilbene synthase (STS) targets, these regulators bind to 30 of 47 STS family genes. Moreover, all three MYBs bind to several PAL, C4H, and 4CL genes, in addition to shikimate pathway genes, the WRKY03 stilbenoid co-regulator and resveratrol-modifying gene candidates among which ROMT2-3 were validated enzymatically. A high proportion of DAP-Seq bound genes were induced in the activated transcriptomes of transient MYB15-overexpressing grapevine leaves, validating our methodological approach for delimiting TF targets. Overall, Subgroup 2 R2R3-MYBs appear to play a key role in binding and directly regulating several primary and secondary metabolic steps leading to an increased flux towards stilbenoid production. The integration of DAP-Seq and reciprocal GCNs offers a rapid framework for gene function characterization using genome-wide approaches in the context of non-model plant species and stands up as a valid first approach for identifying gene regulatory networks of specialized metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Orduña
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, USA
| | - David Navarro-Payá
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - Chen Zhang
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Santiago
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pablo Romero
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - Živa Ramšak
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gabriele Magon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals, and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, 35020, Italy
| | - Janine Höll
- Dienstleistungszentrum Ländlicher Raum Rheinpfalz, Viticulture and Enology Group, Neustadt/W, Germany
| | - Patrick Merz
- Dienstleistungszentrum Ländlicher Raum Rheinpfalz, Viticulture and Enology Group, Neustadt/W, Germany
| | - Kristina Gruden
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alessandro Vannozzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals, and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, 35020, Italy
| | - Dario Cantu
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jochen Bogs
- Dienstleistungszentrum Ländlicher Raum Rheinpfalz, Viticulture and Enology Group, Neustadt/W, Germany
| | - Darren C J Wong
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Shao-Shan Carol Huang
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, USA
| | - José Tomás Matus
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
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Han P, Wei Y, Jiang S, Chen Y, Xu F, Wang H, Shao X. N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine Inhibition of Hexokinase Results in Downregulation of the Phenylpropanoid Metabolic Pathway and Decreased Resistance to Brown Rot in Peach Fruit. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:3917-3928. [PMID: 35298175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To explore the role of hexokinase (HXK) on disease resistance in peach fruit, peaches were treated with N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (NAG), a known HXK inhibitor, and then inoculated with Monilinia fructicola. We demonstrate that NAG significantly inhibits HXK activity, which in turn results in significantly reduced resistance to M. fructicola infection. In the HXK-inhibited fruit, the sucrose content was higher and the glucose and fructose contents were lower than in the control fruit. By transcriptome analysis, we found 347 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between NAG-treated and control peaches, most of which were involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in plants, plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, and the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway. In particular, the DEGs related to phenylpropanoid metabolism, such as peroxidase, flavonoid, and isoflavonoid biosynthesis were significantly downregulated. Nontargeted metabolomic analysis revealed 44 differential metabolites, 9 of which were increased and 35 of which were decreased in the NAG-treated fruit. The decreased metabolites were secondary metabolites, including polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, and glycosides. The relationship between HXK and phenylpropanoid metabolism was further investigated, and we found that in HXK-inhibited fruits the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase, and cinnamate 4-hydroxylase were significantly decreased over the control fruit, as well as the total phenol and total flavone contents were also significantly decreased. These results demonstrate that the inhibition of HXK activity decreases the disease resistance of peach fruits by affecting sugar metabolism and the phenylpropanoid pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Han
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Yingying Wei
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Shu Jiang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Yi Chen
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Hongfei Wang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Xingfeng Shao
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
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Zhuang Y, Manzitto-Tripp EA. Co-expression network analyses of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in Ruellia (Wild Petunias; Acanthaceae). BMC Ecol Evol 2022; 22:27. [PMID: 35260074 PMCID: PMC8905905 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01955-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anthocyanins are major pigments contributing to flower coloration and as such knowledge of molecular architecture underlying the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway (ABP) is key to understanding flower color diversification. To identify ABP structural genes and associated regulatory networks, we sequenced 16 transcriptomes generated from 10 species of Ruellia and then conducted co-expression analyses among resulting data. Results Complete coding sequences for 12 candidate structural loci representing eight genes plus nine candidate regulatory loci were assembled. Analysis of non-synonymous/synonymous (dn/ds) mutation rates indicated all identified loci are under purifying selection, suggesting overall selection to prevent the accumulation of deleterious mutations. Additionally, upstream enzymes have lower rates of molecular evolution compared to downstream enzymes. However, site-specific tests of selection yielded evidence for positive selection at several sites, including four in F3'H2 and five in DFR3, and these sites are located in protein binding regions. A species-level phylogenetic tree constructed using a newly implemented hybrid transcriptome–RADseq approach implicates several flower color transitions among the 10 species. We found evidence of both regulatory and structural mutations to F3′5'H in helping to explain the evolution of red flowers from purple-flowered ancestors. Conclusions Sequence comparisons and co-expression analyses of ABP loci revealed that mutations in regulatory loci are likely to play a greater role in flower color transitions in Ruellia compared to mutations in underlying structural genes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12862-021-01955-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Zhuang
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, UCB 334, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.,Museum of Natural History, University of Colorado, UCB 350, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.,College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Erin A Manzitto-Tripp
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, UCB 334, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA. .,Museum of Natural History, University of Colorado, UCB 350, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
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Zhou Y, Mumtaz MA, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Hao Y, Shu H, Zhu J, Bao W, Cheng S, Zhu G, Wang Z. Response of anthocyanin biosynthesis to light by strand-specific transcriptome and miRNA analysis in Capsicum annuum. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:79. [PMID: 35193520 PMCID: PMC8862587 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03423-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthocyanins have distinct biological functions in plant coloring, plant defense against strong light, UV irradiation, and pathogen infection. Aromatic hydroxyl groups and ortho-dihydroxyl groups in anthocyanins are able to inhibit free-radical chain reactions and hydroxyl radicals. Thus, anthocyanins play an antioxidative role by removing various types of ROS. Pepper is one of the solanaceous vegetables with the largest cultivation area in China. The purple-fruited pepper is rich in anthocyanins, which not only increases the ornamental nature of the pepper fruit but also benefits the human body. In this experiment, light-induced regulatory pathways and related specific regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis were examined through integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis. RESULTS Results revealed that delphinium 3-O-glucoside significantly accumulated in light exposed surface of pepper fruit after 48 h as compared to shaded surface. Furthermore, through strand-specific sequencing technology, 1341 differentially expressed genes, 172 differentially expressed lncRNAs, 8 differentially expressed circRNAs, and 28 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified significantly different among both surfaces. The flavonoid synthesis pathway was significantly enriched by KEGG analysis including SHT (XM_016684802.1), AT-like (XM_016704776.1), CCoAOMT (XM_016698340.1, XM_016698341.1), CHI (XM_016697794.1, XM_016697793.1), CHS2 (XM_016718139.1), CHS1B (XM_016710598.1), CYP98A2-like (XM_016688489.1), DFR (XM_016705224.1), F3'5'H (XM_016693437.1), F3H (XM_016705025.1), F3'M (XM_016707872.1), LDOX (XM_016712446.1), TCM (XM_016722116.1) and TCM-like (XM_016722117.1). Most of these significantly enriched flavonoid synthesis pathway genes may be also regulated by lncRNA. Some differentially expressed genes encoding transcription factors were also identified including MYB4-like (XM_016725242.1), MYB113-like (XM_016689220.1), MYB308-like (XM_016696983.1, XM_016702244.1), and EGL1 (XM_016711673.1). Three 'lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA' regulatory networks with sly-miR5303, stu-miR5303g, stu-miR7997a, and stu-miR7997c were constructed, including 28 differentially expressed mRNAs and 6 differentially expressed lncRNAs. CONCLUSION Possible light regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport genes were identified by transcriptome analysis, and confirmed by qRT-PCR. These results provide important data for further understanding of the anthocyanin metabolism in response to light in pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province/Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for New Variety Breeding of Tropical Crop, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Muhammad Ali Mumtaz
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province/Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for New Variety Breeding of Tropical Crop, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yonghao Zhang
- Institute of Tropical Horticulture Research in Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571100, China
| | - Zhuang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province/Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for New Variety Breeding of Tropical Crop, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hao
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province/Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for New Variety Breeding of Tropical Crop, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Huangying Shu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province/Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for New Variety Breeding of Tropical Crop, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province/Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for New Variety Breeding of Tropical Crop, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Wenlong Bao
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province/Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for New Variety Breeding of Tropical Crop, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Shanhan Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province/Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for New Variety Breeding of Tropical Crop, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Guopeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province/Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for New Variety Breeding of Tropical Crop, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province/Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for New Variety Breeding of Tropical Crop, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Dhakarey R, Yaritz U, Tian L, Amir R. A Myb transcription factor, PgMyb308-like, enhances the level of shikimate, aromatic amino acids, and lignins, but represses the synthesis of flavonoids and hydrolyzable tannins, in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac008. [PMID: 35147167 PMCID: PMC9113223 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pomegranate fruit peels are highly abundant in metabolites derived from the shikimate pathway, such as hydrolyzable tannins (HTs) and flavonoids. These metabolites are beneficial to human health (commercial juice is enriched with peel metabolites), and also protect the fruit from environmental stresses. To understand the transcriptional control of shikimate pathway-related metabolites in pomegranate, we cloned and characterized a subgroup S4 R2R3 Myb transcription factor, PgMyb308-like. Overexpressing PgMyb308-like in pomegranate hairy roots increased the accumulation of shikimate, aromatic amino acids, isoferulic acid, and total lignins, but led to reduced gallic acid and its downstream products HTs, as well as multiple flavonoids. Changes in these metabolites are supported by the increased expression of 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase and shikimate dehydrogenase 1 (PgSDH1) (the SDH isoform associated with shikimate biosynthesis), and the reduced expression of PgSDH4 (the SDH isoform suggested to produce gallic acid). Transcriptome analysis of PgMyb308-like-overexpressing hairy roots further revealed reprogramming of cell wall-related genes, while overexpression of PgMyb308-like in Arabidopsis thaliana plants uncovered its distinct role in a different genetic and metabolic background. These results together suggest that PgMyb308-like activates genes in the shikimate pathway and lignin biosynthesis, but suppresses those involved in the production of HTs and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Dhakarey
- Department of Plant Science, Migal – Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 1101600, Israel
| | - Uri Yaritz
- Department of Plant Science, Migal – Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 1101600, Israel
- Department of Biotechnology, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 1220800, Israel
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Rachel Amir
- Department of Plant Science, Migal – Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 1101600, Israel
- Department of Biotechnology, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 1220800, Israel
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Wang Z, Wang S, Liu P, Yang X, He X, Xie X, Luo Z, Wu M, Wang C, Yang J. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of NtWRKY41a in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids in Nicotiana tabacum. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 315:111154. [PMID: 35067314 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phenylpropanoids are important secondary metabolites that have multifaceted effects on plant growth, development, and environmental adaptation. WRKY41 has been shown to repress anthocyanins synthesis in Arabidopsis, but its full roles in regulating plant phenylpropanoids metabolism still remains to be further studied. Here, we cloned two NtWRKY41 genes from N. tabacum genome, and NtWRKY41a showed higher expression levels than NtWRKY41b genes in all the tobacco tissues examined. Overexpression and knock-out of NtWRKY41a gene revealed that NtWRKY41a promoted the biosynthesis of Chlorogenic acid (CGA) and lignin, but repressed the accumulation of scopoletin and flavonoids in tobacco. Transcriptome analysis found 7 phenylpropanoids related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between WT and NtWRKY41a-OE plants, among which the transcription of NtCCoAOMT and NtHST was significantly induced by posttranslational activation of NtWRKY41a, while those of NtF6'H1 and NtGT3 was significantly repressed by NtWRKY41a. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and Dual-Luc assays further indicated that NtWRKY41a could bind to the promoter regions of these four genes to regulate their transcription. Moreover, ectopic expression of NtWRKY41a also promoted the transcription of several NtLOX and NtHPL genes, which encode key enzymes involved in the oxylipin pathway. Our findings revealed new functions of NtWRKY41a in modulating the distribution of metabolism flux in phenylpropanoids pathway, and provided a promising target for manipulating phenylpropanoids contents in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Wang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shuaibin Wang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Pingping Liu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaonian Yang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Xinxi He
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhaopeng Luo
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mingzhu Wu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chen Wang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jun Yang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Kumari A, Dogra V, Joshi R, Kumar S. Stress-Responsive cis-Regulatory Elements Underline Podophyllotoxin Biosynthesis and Better Performance of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum Under Water Deficit Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:751846. [PMID: 35058943 PMCID: PMC8764236 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.751846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sinopodophyllum hexandrum is an endangered medicinal herb known for its bioactive lignan podophyllotoxin (PTOX), which is used for the preparation of anticancer drugs. In its natural habitat, S. hexandrum is exposed to a multitude of adversities, such as fluctuating temperatures, water deficit, and high UV radiations. Transcriptional regulation of genes, which is regulated by the condition-specific binding of transcriptional factors to precise motifs in the promoter region, underlines responses to an environmental cue. Therefore, analysis of promoter sequences could ascertain the spatio-temporal expression of genes and overall stress responses. Unavailability of genomic information does not permit such analysis in S. hexandrum, especially on regulation of PTOX pathway. Accordingly, this study describes isolation and in silico analysis of 5'-upstream regions of ShPLR (PINORESINOL-LARICIRESINOL REDUCTASE) and ShSLD (SECOISOLARICIRESINOL DEHYDROGENASE), the two key genes of the PTOX biosynthetic pathway. Data showed a range of motifs related to basal transcription, stress-responsive elements, such as those for drought, low temperature, and light, suggesting that the expression of these genes and resulting PTOX accumulation would be affected by, at least, these environmental cues. While the impact of temperature and light on PTOX accumulation is well studied, the effect of water deficit on the physiology of S. hexandrum and PTOX accumulation remains obscure. Given the presence of drought-responsive elements in the promoters of the key genes, the impact of water deficit on growth and development and PTOX accumulation was studied. The results showed decline in relative water content and net photosynthetic rate, and increase in relative electrolyte leakage with stress progression. Plants under stress exhibited a reduction in transpiration rate and chlorophyll content, with a gradual increase in osmoprotectant content. Besides, stressed plants showed an increase in the expression of genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway and PTOX biosynthesis, and an increase in PTOX accumulation. Upon re-watering, non-irrigated plants showed a significant improvement in biochemical and physiological parameters. Summarily, our results demonstrated the importance of osmoprotectants during water deficit and the revival capacity of the species from water deficit, wherein PTOX synthesis was also modulated. Moreover, isolated promoter sequences could be employed in genetic transformation to mediate the expression of stress-induced genes in other plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kumari
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Vivek Dogra
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Guan M, Li C, Shan X, Chen F, Wang S, Dixon RA, Zhao Q. Dual Mechanisms of Coniferyl Alcohol in Phenylpropanoid Pathway Regulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:896540. [PMID: 35599874 PMCID: PMC9121011 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.896540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a complex phenolic polymer that imparts cell wall strength, facilitates water transport and functions as a physical barrier to pathogens in all vascular plants. Lignin biosynthesis is a carbon-consuming, non-reversible process, which requires tight regulation. Here, we report that a major monomer unit of the lignin polymer can function as a signal molecule to trigger proteolysis of the enzyme L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, the entry point into the lignin biosynthetic pathway, and feedback regulate the expression levels of lignin biosynthetic genes. These findings highlight the highly complex regulation of lignin biosynthesis and shed light on the biological importance of monolignols as signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengling Guan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Changxuan Li
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotong Shan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Shufang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Richard A. Dixon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qiao Zhao,
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Paolo D, Locatelli F, Cominelli E, Pirona R, Pozzo S, Graziani G, Ritieni A, De Palma M, Docimo T, Tucci M, Sparvoli F. Towards a Cardoon ( Cynara cardunculus var. altilis)-Based Biorefinery: A Case Study of Improved Cell Cultures via Genetic Modulation of the Phenylpropanoid Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111978. [PMID: 34769407 PMCID: PMC8584892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cultivated cardoon (Cynara cardunculus var. altilis L.) is a promising candidate species for the development of plant cell cultures suitable for large-scale biomass production and recovery of nutraceuticals. We set up a protocol for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, which can be used for the improvement of cardoon cell cultures in a frame of biorefinery. As high lignin content determines lower saccharification yields for the biomass, we opted for a biotechnological approach, with the purpose of reducing lignin content; we generated transgenic lines overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana MYB4 transcription factor, a known repressor of lignin/flavonoid biosynthesis. Here, we report a comprehensive characterization, including metabolic and transcriptomic analyses of AtMYB4 overexpression cardoon lines, in comparison to wild type, underlining favorable traits for their use in biorefinery. Among these, the improved accessibility of the lignocellulosic biomass to degrading enzymes due to depletion of lignin content, the unexpected increased growth rates, and the valuable nutraceutical profiles, in particular for hydroxycinnamic/caffeoylquinic and fatty acids profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Paolo
- National Research Council—Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (CNR-IBBA), Via Edoardo Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.L.); (E.C.); (R.P.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: (D.P.); (F.S.); Tel.: +39-0223699407 (D.P.); +39-0223699435 (F.S.)
| | - Franca Locatelli
- National Research Council—Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (CNR-IBBA), Via Edoardo Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.L.); (E.C.); (R.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Eleonora Cominelli
- National Research Council—Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (CNR-IBBA), Via Edoardo Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.L.); (E.C.); (R.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Raul Pirona
- National Research Council—Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (CNR-IBBA), Via Edoardo Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.L.); (E.C.); (R.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Sara Pozzo
- National Research Council—Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (CNR-IBBA), Via Edoardo Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.L.); (E.C.); (R.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Giulia Graziani
- Department of Pharmacy—University of Naples Federico II (UNINA), Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Alberto Ritieni
- Department of Pharmacy—University of Naples Federico II (UNINA), Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Monica De Palma
- National Research Council—Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.D.P.); (T.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Teresa Docimo
- National Research Council—Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.D.P.); (T.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Marina Tucci
- National Research Council—Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Italy; (M.D.P.); (T.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Francesca Sparvoli
- National Research Council—Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (CNR-IBBA), Via Edoardo Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.L.); (E.C.); (R.P.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: (D.P.); (F.S.); Tel.: +39-0223699407 (D.P.); +39-0223699435 (F.S.)
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Li C, Wang K, Lei C, Cao S, Huang Y, Ji N, Xu F, Zheng Y. Alterations in Sucrose and Phenylpropanoid Metabolism Affected by BABA-Primed Defense in Postharvest Grapes and the Associated Transcriptional Mechanism. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2021; 34:1250-1266. [PMID: 34410840 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-06-21-0142-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Defense elicitors can induce fruit disease resistance to control postharvest decay but may incur quality impairment. Our present work aimed to investigate the resistance against Botrytis cinerea induced by the elicitor β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) and to elucidate the specific transcriptional mechanism implicated in defense-related metabolic regulations. The functional dissection results demonstrated that, after inoculation with the fungal necrotroph B. cinerea, a suite of critical genes encoding enzymes related to the sucrose metabolism and phenylpropanoid pathway in priming defense in grapes were transcriptionally induced by treatment with 10 mM BABA. In contrast, more UDP-glucose, a shared precursor of phenylpropanoid and sucrose metabolism, may be redirected to the phenylpropanoid pathway for the synthesis of phytoalexins, including trans-resveratrol and ɛ-viniferin, in 100 mM BABA-treated grapes, resulting in direct resistance but compromised soluble sugar contents. An R2R3-type MYB protein from Vitis vinifera, VvMYB44, was isolated and characterized. VvMYB44 expression was significantly induced upon the grapes expressed defensive reaction. Subcellular localization, yeast two-hybrid, and coimmunoprecipitation assays revealed that the nuclear-localized VvMYB44 physically interacted with the salicylic acid-responsive transcription coactivator NPR1 in vivo for defense expression. In addition, VvMYB44 directly bound to the promoter regions of sucrose and phenylpropanoid metabolism-related genes and transactivated their expression, thus tipping the balance of antifungal compound accumulation and soluble sugar maintenance. Hence, these results suggest that 2R-type VvMYB44 might be a potential positive participant in BABA-induced priming defense in grape berries that contributes to avoiding the excessive consumption of soluble sugars during the postharvest storage.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Li
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404000, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaituo Wang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Changyi Lei
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Shifeng Cao
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yixiao Huang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404000, China
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33143, U.S.A
| | - Nana Ji
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yonghua Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
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Cappellini F, Marinelli A, Toccaceli M, Tonelli C, Petroni K. Anthocyanins: From Mechanisms of Regulation in Plants to Health Benefits in Foods. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:748049. [PMID: 34777426 PMCID: PMC8580863 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.748049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins represent the major red, purple, and blue pigments in many flowers, fruits, vegetables, and cereals. They are also recognized as important health-promoting components in the human diet with protective effects against many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and cancer. Anthocyanin biosynthesis has been studied extensively, and both biosynthetic and key regulatory genes have been isolated in many plant species. Here, we will provide an overview of recent progress in understanding the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in plants, focusing on the transcription factors controlling activation or repression of anthocyanin accumulation in cereals and fruits of different plant species, with special emphasis on the differences in molecular mechanisms between monocot and dicot plants. Recently, new insight into the transcriptional regulation of the anthocyanin biosynthesis, including positive and negative feedback control as well as epigenetic and post-translational regulation of MYB-bHLH-WD40 complexes, has been gained. We will consider how knowledge of regulatory mechanisms has helped to produce anthocyanin-enriched foods through conventional breeding and metabolic engineering. Additionally, we will briefly discuss the biological activities of anthocyanins as components of the human diet and recent findings demonstrating the important health benefits of anthocyanin-rich foods against chronic diseases.
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Meng G, Fan W, Rasmussen SK. Characterisation of the class III peroxidase gene family in carrot taproots and its role in anthocyanin and lignin accumulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:245-256. [PMID: 34385003 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant class III peroxidases (CIII Prxs) are involved in numerous essential plant life processes, such as plant development and differentiation, lignification and seed germination, and defence against pathogens. However, there is limited information about the structure-function relationships of Prxs in carrots. This study identified 75 carrot peroxidases (DcPrxs) and classified them into seven subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis. Gene structure analysis revealed that these DcPrxs had between one and eight introns, while conserved motif analysis showed a typical motif composition and arrangement for CIII Prx. In addition, eighteen tandem duplication events, but only eight segmental duplications, were identified among these DcPrxs, indicating that tandem duplication was the main contributor to the expansion of this gene family. Histochemical analyses showed that lignin was mainly localised in the cell walls of xylem, and Prx activity was determined in the epidermal region of taproots. The xylem always showed higher lignin concentration and lower Prx activity compared to the phloem in the taproots of both carrot cultivars. Combining these observations with RNA sequencing, some Prx genes were identified as candidate genes related to lignification and pigmentation. Three peroxidases (DcPrx30, DcPrx32, DcPrx62) were upregulated in the phloem of both genotypes. Carrot taproots are an attractive resource for natural food colourants and this study elucidated genome-wide insights of Prx for the first time, developing hypotheses concerning their involvement with lignin and anthocyanin in purple carrots. The findings provide an essential foundation for further studies of Prx genes in carrot, especially on pigmentation and lignification mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Meng
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Weiyao Fan
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Søren K Rasmussen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Anwar M, Chen L, Xiao Y, Wu J, Zeng L, Li H, Wu Q, Hu Z. Recent Advanced Metabolic and Genetic Engineering of Phenylpropanoid Biosynthetic Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9544. [PMID: 34502463 PMCID: PMC8431357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The MYB transcription factors (TFs) are evolving as critical role in the regulation of the phenylpropanoid and tanshinones biosynthetic pathway. MYB TFs relate to a very important gene family, which are involved in the regulation of primary and secondary metabolisms, terpenoids, bioactive compounds, plant defense against various stresses and cell morphology. R2R3 MYB TFs contained a conserved N-terminal domain, but the domain at C-terminal sorts them different regarding their structures and functions. MYB TFs suppressors generally possess particular repressive motifs, such as pdLNLD/ELxiG/S and TLLLFR, which contribute to their suppression role through a diversity of complex regulatory mechanisms. A novel flower specific "NF/YWSV/MEDF/LW" conserved motif has a great potential to understand the mechanisms of flower development. In the current review, we summarize recent advanced progress of MYB TFs on transcription regulation, posttranscriptional, microRNA, conserved motif and propose directions to future prospective research. We further suggest there should be more focus on the investigation for the role of MYB TFs in microalgae, which has great potential for heterologous protein expression system for future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Anwar
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.A.); (L.C.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Liu Chen
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.A.); (L.C.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yibo Xiao
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.A.); (L.C.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jinsong Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Science, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Lihui Zeng
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Hui Li
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.A.); (L.C.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qingyu Wu
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.A.); (L.C.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.W.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Science, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.A.); (L.C.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.W.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Science, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
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Kutty NN, Ghissing U, Mitra A. Revealing floral metabolite network in tuberose that underpins scent volatiles synthesis, storage and emission. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:533-554. [PMID: 34263437 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The role of central carbon metabolism in the synthesis and emission of scent volatiles in tuberose flowers was revealed through measurement of changes in transcripts and metabolites levels. Tuberose or Agave amica (Medikus) Thiede & Govaerts is a widely cultivated ornamental plant in several subtropical countries. Little is known about metabolite networking involved in biosynthesis of specialized metabolites utilizing primary metabolites. In this study, metabolite profiling and gene expression analyses were carried out from six stages of maturation throughout floral lifespan. Multivariate analysis indicated distinction between early and late maturation stages. Further, the roles of sugars viz. sucrose, glucose and fructose in synthesis, glycosylation and emission of floral scent volatiles were studied. Transcript levels of an ABC G family transporter (picked up from the floral transcriptome) was in synchronization with terpene volatiles emission during the anthesis stage. A diversion from phenylpropanoid/benzenoid to flavonoid metabolism was observed as flowers mature. Further, it was suggested that this metabolic shift could be mediated by isoforms of 4-Coumarate-CoA ligase along with Myb308 transcription factor. Maximum glycosylation of floral scent volatiles was shown to occur at the late mature stage when emission declined, facilitating both storage and export from the floral tissues. Thus, this study provides an insight into floral scent volatiles synthesis, storage and emission by measuring changes at transcripts and metabolites levels in tuberose throughout floral lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithya N Kutty
- Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721 302, India
| | - Upashana Ghissing
- Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721 302, India
| | - Adinpunya Mitra
- Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721 302, India.
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Chen W, Zheng Q, Li J, Liu Y, Xu L, Zhang Q, Luo Z. DkMYB14 is a bifunctional transcription factor that regulates the accumulation of proanthocyanidin in persimmon fruit. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:1708-1727. [PMID: 33835602 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are phenolic secondary metabolites that contribute to the protection of plant and human health. Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) can accumulate abundant PAs in fruit, which cause a strong sensation of astringency. Proanthocyanidins can be classified into soluble and insoluble PAs; the former cause astringency but the latter do not. Soluble PAs can be converted into insoluble PAs upon interacting with acetaldehydes. We demonstrate here that DkMYB14, which regulates the accumulation of PA in persimmon fruit flesh, is a bifunctional transcription factor that acts as a repressor in PA biosynthesis but becomes an activator when involved in acetaldehyde biosynthesis. Interestingly, both functions contribute to the elimination of astringency by decreasing PA biosynthesis and promoting its insolubilization. We show that the amino acid Gly39 in the R2 domain and the ethylene response factor-associated amphiphilic repression-like motif in the C-terminal of DkMYB14 are essential for the regulation of both PA and acetaldehyde synthesis. The repressive function of DkMYB14 was lost after the mutation of either motif, and all activities of DkMYB14 were eliminated following the mutation of both motifs. Our results demonstrate that DkMYB14 functions as both a transcriptional activator and a repressor, directly repressing biosynthesis of PA and promoting its insolubilization, resulting in non-astringency in persimmon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Qingyou Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Jinwang Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Liqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Zhengrong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
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Xiao R, Zhang C, Guo X, Li H, Lu H. MYB Transcription Factors and Its Regulation in Secondary Cell Wall Formation and Lignin Biosynthesis during Xylem Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3560. [PMID: 33808132 PMCID: PMC8037110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The secondary wall is the main part of wood and is composed of cellulose, xylan, lignin, and small amounts of structural proteins and enzymes. Lignin molecules can interact directly or indirectly with cellulose, xylan and other polysaccharide molecules in the cell wall, increasing the mechanical strength and hydrophobicity of plant cells and tissues and facilitating the long-distance transportation of water in plants. MYBs (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog) belong to one of the largest superfamilies of transcription factors, the members of which regulate secondary cell-wall formation by promoting/inhibiting the biosynthesis of lignin, cellulose, and xylan. Among them, MYB46 and MYB83, which comprise the second layer of the main switch of secondary cell-wall biosynthesis, coordinate upstream and downstream secondary wall synthesis-related transcription factors. In addition, MYB transcription factors other than MYB46/83, as well as noncoding RNAs, hormones, and other factors, interact with one another to regulate the biosynthesis of the secondary wall. Here, we discuss the biosynthesis of secondary wall, classification and functions of MYB transcription factors and their regulation of lignin polymerization and secondary cell-wall formation during wood formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Xiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (R.X.); (H.L.)
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Chong Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Xiaorui Guo
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (R.X.); (H.L.)
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Hai Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (R.X.); (H.L.)
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.)
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50
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Yan H, Pei X, Zhang H, Li X, Zhang X, Zhao M, Chiang VL, Sederoff RR, Zhao X. MYB-Mediated Regulation of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3103. [PMID: 33803587 PMCID: PMC8002911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are natural water-soluble pigments that are important in plants because they endow a variety of colors to vegetative tissues and reproductive plant organs, mainly ranging from red to purple and blue. The colors regulated by anthocyanins give plants different visual effects through different biosynthetic pathways that provide pigmentation for flowers, fruits and seeds to attract pollinators and seed dispersers. The biosynthesis of anthocyanins is genetically determined by structural and regulatory genes. MYB (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog) proteins are important transcriptional regulators that play important roles in the regulation of plant secondary metabolism. MYB transcription factors (TFs) occupy a dominant position in the regulatory network of anthocyanin biosynthesis. The TF conserved binding motifs can be combined with other TFs to regulate the enrichment and sedimentation of anthocyanins. In this study, the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthetic mechanisms of MYB-TFs are discussed. The role of the environment in the control of the anthocyanin biosynthesis network is summarized, the complex formation of anthocyanins and the mechanism of environment-induced anthocyanin synthesis are analyzed. Some prospects for MYB-TF to modulate the comprehensive regulation of anthocyanins are put forward, to provide a more relevant basis for further research in this field, and to guide the directed genetic modification of anthocyanins for the improvement of crops for food quality, nutrition and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Y.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (V.L.C.)
| | - Xiaona Pei
- Harbin Research Institute of Forestry Machinery, State Administration of Forestry and Grassland, Harbin 150086, China;
- Research Center of Cold Temperate Forestry, CAF, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Y.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (V.L.C.)
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Y.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (V.L.C.)
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Y.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (V.L.C.)
| | - Minghui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Y.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (V.L.C.)
| | - Vincent L. Chiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Y.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (V.L.C.)
- Forest Biotechnology Group, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Ronald Ross Sederoff
- Forest Biotechnology Group, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Xiyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Y.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (V.L.C.)
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