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Yu C, Lei H, Hou X, Yan S. Molecular Mechanisms of ARD1 in Tumors. Cancer Med 2025; 14:e70708. [PMID: 40026288 PMCID: PMC11873779 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 01/14/2025] [Accepted: 02/10/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Arrest-deficient protein 1 (ARD1) is an acetyltransferase that acetylates the N-terminal amino acids and internal lysine residues of proteins. It plays a crucial role in various cellular processes. The significance of ARD1 in tumor development has become increasingly evident in recent years. METHODS This review analyzes the regulatory role of ARD1 in tumor progression by examining its involvement in processes such as cell cycle regulation, cell proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, and autophagy. Additionally, we discuss the expression patterns and molecular mechanisms of ARD1 in different types of cancer. RESULTS Elevated levels of ARD1 have been reported in several cancer types. Its increased expression is associated with various tumor characteristics, suggesting it may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker. Furthermore, ARD1 could be targeted for the development of novel cancer therapies. CONCLUSION Understanding the role of ARD1 in tumor biology provides valuable insights into potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for cancer treatment. This review highlights the advances in ARD1-related research and suggests that it may be a promising avenue for improving cancer prognosis and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjiao Yu
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringKunming Medical UniversityChenggong District, KunmingYunnanPeople's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Precision MedicineChenggong District, KunmingYunnanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Lei
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringKunming Medical UniversityChenggong District, KunmingYunnanPeople's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Precision MedicineChenggong District, KunmingYunnanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Hou
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringKunming Medical UniversityChenggong District, KunmingYunnanPeople's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Precision MedicineChenggong District, KunmingYunnanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Shan Yan
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringKunming Medical UniversityChenggong District, KunmingYunnanPeople's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Precision MedicineChenggong District, KunmingYunnanPeople's Republic of China
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Zhu R, Chen M, Luo Y, Cheng H, Zhao Z, Zhang M. The role of N-acetyltransferases in cancers. Gene 2024; 892:147866. [PMID: 37783298 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a major global health problem that disrupts the balance of normal cellular growth and behavior. Mounting evidence has shown that epigenetic modification, specifically N-terminal acetylation, play a crucial role in the regulation of cell growth and function. Acetylation is a co- or post-translational modification to regulate important cellular progresses such as cell proliferation, cell cycle progress, and energy metabolism. Recently, N-acetyltransferases (NATs), enzymes responsible for acetylation, regulate signal transduction pathway in various cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer and prostate cancer. In this review, we clarify the regulatory role of NATs in cancer progression, such as cell proliferation, metastasis, cell apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest and energy metabolism. Furthermore, the mechanism of NATs on cancer remains to be further studied, and few drugs have been developed. This provides us with a new idea that targeting acetylation, especially NAT-mediated acetylation, may be an attractive way for inhibiting cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Zhu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Big Data, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Mengjiao Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Big Data, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Yongjia Luo
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Big Data, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Department of Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Haipeng Cheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Zhenwang Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, PR China.
| | - Min Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Big Data, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
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Vo TTL, Jeong CH, Lee S, Kim KW, Ha E, Seo JH. Versatility of ARD1/NAA10-mediated protein lysine acetylation. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-13. [PMID: 30054464 PMCID: PMC6063952 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are chemical alterations that occur in proteins that play critical roles in various cellular functions. Lysine acetylation is an important PTM in eukaryotes, and it is catalyzed by lysine acetyltransferases (KATs). KATs transfer acetyl-coenzyme A to the internal lysine residue of substrate proteins. Arrest defective 1 (ARD1) is a member of the KAT family. Since the identification of its KAT activity 15 years ago, many studies have revealed that diverse cellular proteins are acetylated by ARD1. ARD1-mediated lysine acetylation is a key switch that regulates the enzymatic activities and biological functions of proteins and influences cell biology from development to pathology. In this review, we summarize protein lysine acetylation mediated by ARD1 and describe the biological meanings of this modification. Enzymes that modify proteins by adding an acetyl group have profound effects on metabolism and development, as well as disease. This process, known as acetylation, is carried out by KAT proteins, which are present throughout the body. Although acetyl groups are small, acetylation can change a protein’s electrical charge and shape, and even alter its function. Ji Hae Seo at Keimyung University School of Medicine in Daegu, South Korea, and co-workers reviewed the roles of KAT proteins in health and disease. They report that KAT proteins control gene expression, switch metabolic pathways on or off, and regulate development. Malfunction can lead to various disorders, including neurodegeneration and tumor growth. The researchers highlight several KAT proteins, in particular an enzyme that acetylates the amino acid lysine, that are promising targets for treatment of diseases, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tam Thuy Lu Vo
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegue, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegue, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegue, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Won Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Ha
- Department of Biochemistry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hae Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea.
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Zhao JJ, Halvardson J, Zander CS, Zaghlool A, Georgii‐Hemming P, Månsson E, Brandberg G, Sävmarker HE, Frykholm C, Kuchinskaya E, Thuresson A, Feuk L. Exome sequencing reveals NAA15 and PUF60 as candidate genes associated with intellectual disability. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2018; 177:10-20. [PMID: 28990276 PMCID: PMC5765476 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual Disability (ID) is a clinically heterogeneous condition that affects 2-3% of population worldwide. In recent years, exome sequencing has been a successful strategy for studies of genetic causes of ID, providing a growing list of both candidate and validated ID genes. In this study, exome sequencing was performed on 28 ID patients in 27 patient-parent trios with the aim to identify de novo variants (DNVs) in known and novel ID associated genes. We report the identification of 25 DNVs out of which five were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic. Among these, a two base pair deletion was identified in the PUF60 gene, which is one of three genes in the critical region of the 8q24.3 microdeletion syndrome (Verheij syndrome). Our result adds to the growing evidence that PUF60 is responsible for the majority of the symptoms reported for carriers of a microdeletion across this region. We also report variants in several genes previously not associated with ID, including a de novo missense variant in NAA15. We highlight NAA15 as a novel candidate ID gene based on the vital role of NAA15 in the generation and differentiation of neurons in neonatal brain, the fact that the gene is highly intolerant to loss of function and coding variation, and previously reported DNVs in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin J. Zhao
- Department of ImmunologyGenetics and PathologyScience for Life Laboratory UppsalaUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Jonatan Halvardson
- Department of ImmunologyGenetics and PathologyScience for Life Laboratory UppsalaUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Cecilia S. Zander
- Department of ImmunologyGenetics and PathologyScience for Life Laboratory UppsalaUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Ammar Zaghlool
- Department of ImmunologyGenetics and PathologyScience for Life Laboratory UppsalaUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Patrik Georgii‐Hemming
- Department of ImmunologyGenetics and PathologyScience for Life Laboratory UppsalaUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden,Department of Molecular Medicine and SurgeryKarolinska InstituteKarolinska University Hospital SolnaStockholmSweden
| | - Else Månsson
- Department of PediatricsÖrebro University HospitalÖrebroSweden
| | | | | | - Carina Frykholm
- Department of ImmunologyGenetics and PathologyScience for Life Laboratory UppsalaUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Ekaterina Kuchinskaya
- Department of Clinical Genetics, and Department of Clinical MedicineLinköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
| | - Ann‐Charlotte Thuresson
- Department of ImmunologyGenetics and PathologyScience for Life Laboratory UppsalaUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Lars Feuk
- Department of ImmunologyGenetics and PathologyScience for Life Laboratory UppsalaUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
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Lee CC, Peng SH, Shen L, Lee CF, Du TH, Kang ML, Xu GL, Upadhyay AK, Cheng X, Yan YT, Zhang Y, Juan LJ. The Role of N-α-acetyltransferase 10 Protein in DNA Methylation and Genomic Imprinting. Mol Cell 2017; 68:89-103.e7. [PMID: 28943313 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is an allelic gene expression phenomenon primarily controlled by allele-specific DNA methylation at the imprinting control region (ICR), but the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. N-α-acetyltransferase 10 protein (Naa10p) catalyzes N-α-acetylation of nascent proteins, and mutation of human Naa10p is linked to severe developmental delays. Here we report that Naa10-null mice display partial embryonic lethality, growth retardation, brain disorders, and maternal effect lethality, phenotypes commonly observed in defective genomic imprinting. Genome-wide analyses further revealed global DNA hypomethylation and enriched dysregulation of imprinted genes in Naa10p-knockout embryos and embryonic stem cells. Mechanistically, Naa10p facilitates binding of DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) to DNA substrates, including the ICRs of the imprinted allele during S phase. Moreover, the lethal Ogden syndrome-associated mutation of human Naa10p disrupts its binding to the ICR of H19 and Dnmt1 recruitment. Our study thus links Naa10p mutation-associated Ogden syndrome to defective DNA methylation and genomic imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Cheng Lee
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Huan Peng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li Shen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chung-Fan Lee
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ting-Huei Du
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Lun Kang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Guo-Liang Xu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Anup K Upadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yu-Ting Yan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi Zhang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Li-Jung Juan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC.
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The biological functions of Naa10 - From amino-terminal acetylation to human disease. Gene 2015; 567:103-31. [PMID: 25987439 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
N-terminal acetylation (NTA) is one of the most abundant protein modifications known, and the N-terminal acetyltransferase (NAT) machinery is conserved throughout all Eukarya. Over the past 50 years, the function of NTA has begun to be slowly elucidated, and this includes the modulation of protein-protein interaction, protein-stability, protein function, and protein targeting to specific cellular compartments. Many of these functions have been studied in the context of Naa10/NatA; however, we are only starting to really understand the full complexity of this picture. Roughly, about 40% of all human proteins are substrates of Naa10 and the impact of this modification has only been studied for a few of them. Besides acting as a NAT in the NatA complex, recently other functions have been linked to Naa10, including post-translational NTA, lysine acetylation, and NAT/KAT-independent functions. Also, recent publications have linked mutations in Naa10 to various diseases, emphasizing the importance of Naa10 research in humans. The recent design and synthesis of the first bisubstrate inhibitors that potently and selectively inhibit the NatA/Naa10 complex, monomeric Naa10, and hNaa50 further increases the toolset to analyze Naa10 function.
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De novo missense mutations in the NAA10 gene cause severe non-syndromic developmental delay in males and females. Eur J Hum Genet 2014; 23:602-9. [PMID: 25099252 PMCID: PMC4402627 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies revealed the power of whole-exome sequencing to identify mutations in sporadic cases with non-syndromic intellectual disability. We now identified de novo missense variants in NAA10 in two unrelated individuals, a boy and a girl, with severe global developmental delay but without any major dysmorphism by trio whole-exome sequencing. Both de novo variants were predicted to be deleterious, and we excluded other variants in this gene. This X-linked gene encodes N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, the catalytic subunit of the NatA complex involved in multiple cellular processes. A single hypomorphic missense variant p.(Ser37Pro) was previously associated with Ogden syndrome in eight affected males from two different families. This rare disorder is characterized by a highly recognizable phenotype, global developmental delay and results in death during infancy. In an attempt to explain the discrepant phenotype, we used in vitro N-terminal acetylation assays which suggested that the severity of the phenotype correlates with the remaining catalytic activity. The variant in the Ogden syndrome patients exhibited a lower activity than the one seen in the boy with intellectual disability, while the variant in the girl was the most severe exhibiting only residual activity in the acetylation assays used. We propose that N-terminal acetyltransferase deficiency is clinically heterogeneous with the overall catalytic activity determining the phenotypic severity.
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Kaufman KM, Zhao J, Kelly JA, Hughes T, Adler A, Sanchez E, Ojwang JO, Langefeld CD, Ziegler JT, Williams AH, Comeau ME, Marion MC, Glenn SB, Cantor RM, Grossman JM, Hahn BH, Song YW, Yu CY, James JA, Guthridge JM, Brown EE, Alarcón GS, Kimberly RP, Edberg JC, Ramsey-Goldman R, Petri MA, Reveille JD, Vilá LM, Anaya JM, Boackle SA, Stevens AM, Freedman BI, Criswell LA, Pons Estel BA, Lee JH, Lee JS, Chang DM, Scofield RHA, Gilkeson GS, Merrill JT, Niewold TB, Vyse TJ, Bae SC, Alarcón-Riquelme ME, Jacob CO, Moser Sivils K, Gaffney PM, Harley JB, Sawalha AH, Tsao BP. Fine mapping of Xq28: both MECP2 and IRAK1 contribute to risk for systemic lupus erythematosus in multiple ancestral groups. Ann Rheum Dis 2013; 72:437-44. [PMID: 22904263 PMCID: PMC3567234 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Xq28 region containing IRAK1 and MECP2 has been identified as a risk locus for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in previous genetic association studies. However, due to the strong linkage disequilibrium between IRAK1 and MECP2, it remains unclear which gene is affected by the underlying causal variant(s) conferring risk of SLE. METHODS We fine-mapped ≥136 SNPs in a ∼227 kb region on Xq28, containing IRAK1, MECP2 and seven adjacent genes (L1CAM, AVPR2, ARHGAP4, NAA10, RENBP, HCFC1 and TMEM187), for association with SLE in 15 783 case-control subjects derived from four different ancestral groups. RESULTS Multiple SNPs showed strong association with SLE in European Americans, Asians and Hispanics at p<5×10(-8) with consistent association in subjects with African ancestry. Of these, six SNPs located in the TMEM187-IRAK1-MECP2 region captured the underlying causal variant(s) residing in a common risk haplotype shared by all four ancestral groups. Among them, rs1059702 best explained the Xq28 association signals in conditional testings and exhibited the strongest p value in transancestral meta-analysis (p(meta )= 1.3×10(-27), OR=1.43), and thus was considered to be the most likely causal variant. The risk allele of rs1059702 results in the amino acid substitution S196F in IRAK1 and had previously been shown to increase NF-κB activity in vitro. We also found that the homozygous risk genotype of rs1059702 was associated with lower mRNA levels of MECP2, but not IRAK1, in SLE patients (p=0.0012) and healthy controls (p=0.0064). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest contributions of both IRAK1 and MECP2 to SLE susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Kaufman
- Division of Rheumatology and The Center for Autoimmune Genomics & Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
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Mayo S, Monfort S, Roselló M, Orellana C, Oltra S, Armstrong J, Català V, Martínez F. De novo Interstitial Triplication of MECP2 in a Girl with Neurodevelopmental Disorder and Random X Chromosome Inactivation. Cytogenet Genome Res 2011; 135:93-101. [DOI: 10.1159/000330917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Rope A, Wang K, Evjenth R, Xing J, Johnston J, Swensen J, Johnson W, Moore B, Huff C, Bird L, Carey J, Opitz J, Stevens C, Jiang T, Schank C, Fain H, Robison R, Dalley B, Chin S, South S, Pysher T, Jorde L, Hakonarson H, Lillehaug J, Biesecker L, Yandell M, Arnesen T, Lyon G. Using VAAST to identify an X-linked disorder resulting in lethality in male infants due to N-terminal acetyltransferase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet 2011; 89:28-43. [PMID: 21700266 PMCID: PMC3135802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2011] [Revised: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We have identified two families with a previously undescribed lethal X-linked disorder of infancy; the disorder comprises a distinct combination of an aged appearance, craniofacial anomalies, hypotonia, global developmental delays, cryptorchidism, and cardiac arrhythmias. Using X chromosome exon sequencing and a recently developed probabilistic algorithm aimed at discovering disease-causing variants, we identified in one family a c.109T>C (p.Ser37Pro) variant in NAA10, a gene encoding the catalytic subunit of the major human N-terminal acetyltransferase (NAT). A parallel effort on a second unrelated family converged on the same variant. The absence of this variant in controls, the amino acid conservation of this region of the protein, the predicted disruptive change, and the co-occurrence in two unrelated families with the same rare disorder suggest that this is the pathogenic mutation. We confirmed this by demonstrating a significantly impaired biochemical activity of the mutant hNaa10p, and from this we conclude that a reduction in acetylation by hNaa10p causes this disease. Here we provide evidence of a human genetic disorder resulting from direct impairment of N-terminal acetylation, one of the most common protein modifications in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan F. Rope
- Department of Pediatrics (Medical Genetics), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rune Evjenth
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N–5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Jinchuan Xing
- Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jennifer J. Johnston
- Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Swensen
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - W. Evan Johnson
- Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Barry Moore
- Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Chad D. Huff
- Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Lynne M. Bird
- Rady Children's Hospital and University of California, San Diego, Department of Pediatrics, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - John C. Carey
- Department of Pediatrics (Medical Genetics), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - John M. Opitz
- Department of Pediatrics (Medical Genetics), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Cathy A. Stevens
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Chattanooga, TN 38163, USA
| | - Tao Jiang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- Genome Research Institute, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Christa Schank
- Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Heidi Deborah Fain
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Reid Robison
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Brian Dalley
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Steven Chin
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sarah T. South
- Department of Pediatrics (Medical Genetics), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Theodore J. Pysher
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Lynn B. Jorde
- Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Johan R. Lillehaug
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N–5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Leslie G. Biesecker
- Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark Yandell
- Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Thomas Arnesen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N–5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N‐5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Gholson J. Lyon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- New York University Child Study Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Histone deacetylase inhibitors: the epigenetic therapeutics that repress hypoxia-inducible factors. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2011:197946. [PMID: 21151670 PMCID: PMC2997513 DOI: 10.1155/2011/197946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) have been actively explored as a new generation of chemotherapeutics for cancers, generally known as epigenetic therapeutics. Recent findings indicate that several types of HDACIs repress angiogenesis, a process essential for tumor metabolism and progression. Accumulating evidence supports that this repression is mediated by disrupting the function of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1, HIF-2, and collectively, HIF), which are the master regulators of angiogenesis and cellular adaptation to hypoxia. Since HIF also regulate glucose metabolism, cell survival, microenvironment remodeling, and other alterations commonly required for tumor progression, they are considered as novel targets for cancer chemotherapy. Though the precise biochemical mechanism underlying the HDACI-triggered repression of HIF function remains unclear, potential cellular factors that may link the inhibition of deacetylase activity to the repression of HIF function have been proposed. Here we review published data that inhibitors of type I/II HDACs repress HIF function by either reducing functional HIF-1α levels, or repressing HIF-α transactivation activity. In addition, underlying mechanisms and potential proteins involved in the repression will be discussed. A thorough understanding of HDACI-induced repression of HIF function may facilitate the development of future therapies to either repress or promote angiogenesis for cancer or chronic ischemic disorders, respectively.
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Seo JH, Cha JH, Park JH, Jeong CH, Park ZY, Lee HS, Oh SH, Kang JH, Suh SW, Kim KH, Ha JY, Han SH, Kim SH, Lee JW, Park JA, Jeong JW, Lee KJ, Oh GT, Lee MN, Kwon SW, Lee SK, Chun KH, Lee SJ, Kim KW. Arrest defective 1 autoacetylation is a critical step in its ability to stimulate cancer cell proliferation. Cancer Res 2010; 70:4422-32. [PMID: 20501853 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-3258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The N-acetyltransferase arrest defective 1 (ARD1) is an important regulator of cell growth and differentiation that has emerged recently as a critical molecule in cancer progression. However, the regulation of the enzymatic and biological activities of human ARD1 (hARD1) in cancer is presently poorly understood. Here, we report that hARD1 undergoes autoacetylation and that this modification is essential for its functional activation. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and site-directed mutational analyses, we identified K136 residue as an autoacetylation target site. K136R mutation abolished the ability of hARD1 to promote cancer cell growth in vitro and tumor xenograft growth in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that hARD1 autoacetylation stimulated cyclin D1 expression through activation of the transcription factors beta-catenin and activator protein-1. Our results show that hARD1 autoacetylation is critical for its activation and its ability to stimulate cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hae Seo
- NeuroVascular Coordination Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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13
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Kuo HP, Hung MC. Arrest-defective-1 protein (ARD1): tumor suppressor or oncoprotein? Am J Transl Res 2010; 2:56-64. [PMID: 20182582 PMCID: PMC2826822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Arrest-defect-1 protein (ARD1), an acetyltransferase, catalyzes N-alpha-acetylation in yeast. In mammalian cells, both N-alpha-acetylation and epsilon-acetylation induced by ARD1 have been reported. Emerging evidence has revealed that ARD1 is involved in a variety of cellular functions, including proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and differentiation and that dysregulation of ARD1 is associated with tumorigenesis and neurodegenerative disorder. This review will discuss recent discoveries regarding variations among the different ARD1 isoforms, the associated biological functions of ARD1, and ARD1 localization in different cells. We will also discuss the potential upstream regulators and downstream targets of ARD1 to provide new avenues for resolving its controversial roles in cancer development.
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Starheim KK, Gromyko D, Velde R, Varhaug JE, Arnesen T. Composition and biological significance of the human Nalpha-terminal acetyltransferases. BMC Proc 2009; 3 Suppl 6:S3. [PMID: 19660096 PMCID: PMC2722096 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-3-s6-s3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein Nalpha-terminal acetylation is one of the most common protein modifications in eukaryotic cells, occurring on approximately 80% of soluble human proteins. An increasing number of studies links Nalpha-terminal acetylation to cell differentiation, cell cycle, cell survival, and cancer. Thus, Nalpha-terminal acetylation is an essential modification for normal cell function in humans. Still, little is known about the functional role of Nalpha-terminal acetylation. Recently, the three major human N-acetyltransferase complexes, hNatA, hNatB and hNatC, were identified and characterized. We here summarize the identified N-terminal acetyltransferase complexes in humans, and we review the biological studies on Nalpha-terminal acetylation in humans and other higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian K Starheim
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Darina Gromyko
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolf Velde
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan Erik Varhaug
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Thomas Arnesen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
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Målen H, Lillehaug JR, Arnesen T. The protein Nalpha-terminal acetyltransferase hNaa10p (hArd1) is phosphorylated in HEK293 cells. BMC Res Notes 2009; 2:32. [PMID: 19284711 PMCID: PMC2654568 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-2-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2009] [Accepted: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The hNaa10p (hArd1) protein is the catalytic subunit of the human NatA Nα-terminal acetyltransferase complex. The NatA complex is associated with ribosomes and cotranslationally acetylates human proteins with Ser-, Ala-, Thr-, Val-, and Gly- N-termini after the initial Met- has been removed. In the flexible C-terminal tail of hNaa10p, there are several potential phosphorylation sites that might serve as points of regulation. Findings Using 2D-gel electrophoresis and hNaa10p specific antibodies, we have investigated whether hNaa10p is phosphorylated in HEK293 cells. Several differently charged forms of hNaa10p are present in HEK293 cells and treatment with Calf Intestine Alkaline Phophatase (CIAP) strongly suggests that hNaa10p is phosphorylated at multiple sites under various cell culture conditions. A direct or indirect role of GSK-3 kinase in regulating hNaa10p phosphorylation is supported by the observed effects of Wortmannin and LiCl, a GSK-3 activator and inhibitor, respectively. Conclusion We demonstrate that hNaa10p protein is phosphorylated in cell culture potentially pointing at phosphorylation as a means of regulating the function of one of the major Nα-terminal acetyltransferases in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiwa Målen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
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Han SH, Ha JY, Kim KH, Oh SJ, Kim DJ, Kang JY, Yoon HJ, Kim SH, Seo JH, Kim KW, Suh SW. Expression, crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analyses of two N-terminal acetyltransferase-related proteins from Thermoplasma acidophilum. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2006; 62:1127-30. [PMID: 17077495 PMCID: PMC2225214 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309106040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2006] [Accepted: 09/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
N-terminal acetylation is one of the most common protein modifications in eukaryotes, occurring in approximately 80-90% of cytosolic mammalian proteins and about 50% of yeast proteins. ARD1 (arrest-defective protein 1), together with NAT1 (N-acetyltransferase protein 1) and possibly NAT5, is responsible for the NatA activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In mammals, ARD1 is involved in cell proliferation, neuronal development and cancer. Interestingly, it has been reported that mouse ARD1 (mARD1(225)) mediates epsilon-acetylation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and thereby enhances HIF-1alpha ubiquitination and degradation. Here, the preliminary X-ray crystallographic analyses of two N-terminal acetyltransferase-related proteins encoded by the Ta0058 and Ta1140 genes of Thermoplasma acidophilum are reported. The Ta0058 protein is related to an N-terminal acetyltransferase complex ARD1 subunit, while Ta1140 is a putative N-terminal acetyltransferase-related protein. Ta0058 shows 26% amino-acid sequence identity to both mARD1(225) and human ARD1(235). The sequence identity between Ta0058 and Ta1140 is 28%. Ta0058 and Ta1140 were overexpressed in Escherichia coli fused with an N-terminal purification tag. Ta0058 was crystallized at 297 K using a reservoir solution consisting of 0.1 M sodium acetate pH 4.6, 8%(w/v) polyethylene glycol 4000 and 35%(v/v) glycerol. X-ray diffraction data were collected to 2.17 A. The Ta0058 crystals belong to space group P4(1) (or P4(3)), with unit-cell parameters a = b = 49.334, c = 70.384 A, alpha = beta = gamma = 90 degrees. The asymmetric unit contains a monomer, giving a calculated crystal volume per protein weight (V(M)) of 2.13 A(3) Da(-1) and a solvent content of 42.1%. Ta1140 was also crystallized at 297 K using a reservoir solution consisting of 0.1 M trisodium citrate pH 5.6, 20%(v/v) 2-propanol, 20%(w/v) polyethylene glycol 4000 and 0.2 M sodium chloride. X-ray diffraction data were collected to 2.40 A. The Ta1140 crystals belong to space group R3, with hexagonal unit-cell parameters a = b = 75.174, c = 179.607 A, alpha = beta = 90, gamma = 120 degrees. Two monomers are likely to be present in the asymmetric unit, with a V(M) of 2.51 A(3) Da(-1) and a solvent content of 51.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hee Han
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Jun Yong Ha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Hoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Sung Jin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Do Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Ji Yong Kang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Se-Hee Kim
- NeuroVascular Coordination Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Ji Hae Seo
- NeuroVascular Coordination Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Kyu-Won Kim
- NeuroVascular Coordination Research Center, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Se Won Suh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
- Correspondence e-mail:
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