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Gozlan RE, Combe M. Emergence of the Fungal Rosette Agent in the World: Current Risk to Fish Biodiversity and Aquaculture. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040426. [PMID: 37108882 PMCID: PMC10145687 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of pathogenic fungi is a major and rapidly growing problem (7% increase) that affects human and animal health, ecosystems, food security, and the economy worldwide. The Dermocystida group in particular has emerged relatively recently and includes species that affect both humans and animals. Within this group, one species in particular, Sphareothecum destruens, also known as the rosette agent, represents a major risk to global aquatic biodiversity and aquaculture, and has caused severe declines in wild fish populations in Europe and large losses in salmon farms in the USA. It is a species that has been associated with a healthy carrier for millions of years, but in recent decades, the host has managed to invade parts of Southeast Asia, Central Asia, Europe, and North Africa. In order to better understand the emergence of this new disease, for the first time, we have synthesized current knowledge on the distribution, detection, and prevalence of S. destruens, as well as the associated mortality curves, and the potential economic impact in countries where the healthy carrier has been introduced. Finally, we propose solutions and perspectives to manage and mitigate the emergence of this fungus in countries where it has been introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marine Combe
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, 34090 Montpellier, France
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2
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Marine C, Emira C, Amélie C, Bruno B, Martine C, Georges C, Céline C, Jean-Michel F, Barbara G, Zachary G, Jérôme G, Benjamin H, Manon L, Fabrice M, Ivan M, Delphine N, Nicolas P, Jean-François M, André G, Elie GR. Towards unravelling the Rosette agent enigma: Spread and emergence of the co-invasive host-pathogen complex, Pseudorasbora parva-Sphaerothecum destruens. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150427. [PMID: 34600207 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of non-native fungal pathogens is a growing threat to global health, biodiversity, conservation biology, food security and the global economy. Moreover, a thorough understanding of the spread and emergence of pathogens among invasive and native host populations, as well as genetic analysis of the structure of co-invasive host populations, is crucial in terms of conservation biology and management strategies. Here we combined extensive catchment sampling, molecular detection tools and genomic signatures to i) assess the prevalence of the rosette agent Sphaerothecum destruens in invasive and native fish populations in contrasting french regions, and ii) characterize the genetic diversity and population structure of its co-invasive and asymptomatic carrier Pseudorasbora parva. Although S. destruens was not detected in all the fish collected its presence in contrasting freshwater ecosystems suggests that the disease may already be widespread in France. Furthermore, our results show that the detection of S. destruens DNA in its asymptomatic carrier P. parva is still limited. Finally, we found that P. parva populations show a homogeneous genetic and geographical structuring, which raises the possibility of the occurrence of successive introduction events in France from their native and invasive range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Combe Marine
- ISEM UMR226, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, 34090 Montpellier, France.
| | - Cherif Emira
- ISEM UMR226, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, 34090 Montpellier, France.
| | - Charrier Amélie
- Laboratoires des Pyrénées et des Landes, 1 rue Marcel David, BP 219, 40004 Mont-de-Marsan, France
| | - Barbey Bruno
- Fédération de l'Indre pour la Pêche et la Protection du Milieu Aquatique, FDAAPMA 36, 19 rue des Etats-Unis 36000, Châteauroux, France
| | - Chague Martine
- Laboratoires des Pyrénées et des Landes, 1 rue Marcel David, BP 219, 40004 Mont-de-Marsan, France
| | - Carrel Georges
- INRAE, Centre PACA, UMR RECOVER, F-13182 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Chasserieau Céline
- Fédération de Haute-Savoie pour la Pêche et la Protection du Milieu Aquatique, 2092 route des Diacquenods, Saint Martin Bellevue, 74370 Fillière, France
| | - Foissy Jean-Michel
- DIR OFB Paca Corse Domaine du Petit Arbois Pavillon Laënnec - Hall B, Avenue Louis Philibert,13547 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Gerard Barbara
- Fédération de Loire-Atlantique pour la Pêche et la Protection du Milieu Aquatique, France
| | - Gozlan Zachary
- Lycée Joffre, 31 rue André Chénier, 34130 Mauguio, France
| | - Guillouët Jérôme
- Fédération Nationale de la Pêche en France et de la Protection du Milieu Aquatique 108-110 rue Saint-Maur, 75011 Paris, France
| | - Hérodet Benjamin
- Fédération de l'Ain pour la Pêche et la Protection du Milieu Aquatique, 638 rue du Revermont, ZAC de la Cambuse, 01440 Viriat, France
| | - Laine Manon
- Fédération de la Pêche et de Protection du Milieu Aquatique de la Gironde, 10 ZA du Lapin, 33750 Beychac-et-Caillau, France
| | - Masseboeuf Fabrice
- Fédération des Pyrénées-Atlantiques pour la Pêche et la Protection du Milieu Aquatique, 12 boulevard Hauterive, 64000 Pau, France
| | - Mirkovic Ivan
- Fédération de Seine-Maritime pour la Pêche et la Protection du Milieu Aquatique, 11 cours Clemenceau, 76100 Rouen, France
| | - Nicolas Delphine
- Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France
| | - Poulet Nicolas
- Office Français de la Biodiversité, Allée du Pr Camille Soula, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Martin Jean-François
- CBGP, Montpellier SupAgro, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Gilles André
- UMR 1467 RECOVER, Aix Marseille Univ, INRAE, Centre St Charles, 3 place Victor Hugo, 13331, Marseille, France
| | - Gozlan Rodolphe Elie
- ISEM UMR226, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, 34090 Montpellier, France.
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How intraguild predation affects the host diversity-disease relationship in a multihost community. J Theor Biol 2020; 490:110174. [PMID: 31987878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2020.110174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Broad evidence has shown that host diversity can impede disease invasion and reduce the eventual prevalence, but little is known on how species interactions play in shaping this host diversity-disease relationship. Previous work has illustrated that intraguild predation (IGP), combined with parasite-mediated indirect effects, can have strong influences on parasitic infection. Following this line of thinking, we here examine the role of predatory interactions in the disease transmission within a multihost community. Through varying fractions of IGP in a competitive community, we show that, dependent on the fraction of predatory interactions, species richness can switch from enhancing to inhibiting disease establishment/prevalence. Without IGP interactions, high host species richness can likely weaken the 'dilution effect' and in some cases even enhance the disease establishment (and/or prevalence) due to the existence of alternative sources for infection, whereas IGP can generally heighten the negative diversity-disease relationship due to the reduction of encounter rate between prospective hosts and parasites. Although trait-mediated interactions (captured as the infection-induced changes in predation rate) only weakly affect disease prevalence, density-mediated interactions (captured as the additional infection-induced mortality) can pose a relatively strong influence on disease transmission. Our results thus underline the importance of considering species interactions when investigating the host diversity-disease relationship.
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Tanner E, White A, Acevedo P, Balseiro A, Marcos J, Gortázar C. Wolves contribute to disease control in a multi-host system. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7940. [PMID: 31138835 PMCID: PMC6538665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We combine model results with field data for a system of wolves (Canis lupus) that prey on wild boar (Sus scrofa), a wildlife reservoir of tuberculosis, to examine how predation may contribute to disease control in multi-host systems. Results show that predation can lead to a marked reduction in the prevalence of infection without leading to a reduction in host population density since mortality due to predation can be compensated by a reduction in disease induced mortality. A key finding therefore is that a population that harbours a virulent infection can be regulated at a similar density by disease at high prevalence or by predation at low prevalence. Predators may therefore provide a key ecosystem service which should be recognised when considering human-carnivore conflicts and the conservation and re-establishment of carnivore populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tanner
- Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Department of Mathematics, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - A White
- Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Department of Mathematics, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - P Acevedo
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - A Balseiro
- SERIDA, Gobierno del Principado de Asturias, Gijón, Spain
- Animal Health Department, University of León, León, Spain
| | - J Marcos
- Gobierno del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - C Gortázar
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM), Ciudad Real, Spain
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Combe M, Gozlan RE. The rise of the rosette agent in Europe: An epidemiological enigma. Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 65:1474-1481. [PMID: 30144307 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
International biodiversity assessments often overlook the role of emerging infectious pathogens in the decline of freshwater fish populations despite the many examples of emerging diseases in other more visible taxa on a global scale. Whilst the introduction of the rosette agent Sphaerothecum destruens in Europe remained an epidemiological enigma, recent findings have shown that this parasite arrived in Europe with the introduction of the healthy carrier Pseudorasbora parva from China nearly 60 years ago and its emergence went unnoticed for over 45 years despite its severe impact on European fish biodiversity. Recent reports on the host and pathogen phylogeny point towards an ancient host-pathogen co-evolution with direct implications on disease risk. Here, we postulate that the observed rapid population decline of native fish species following their infection with virulent strains of S. destruens has underpinned the rapid establishment of P. parva populations during the invasion process. We reviewed the existing evidence supporting the claim of an S. destruens' emergence worldwide and also suggest that the origin of the US strains is to be found among contaminated Asian Oncorhynchus tshawytscha living in sympatry with native Asian P. parva population. Finally, several important preventative steps are suggested as a way to manage the impact of S. destruens on local fish communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Combe
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France
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