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Zimmer M, Obbagy J, Scanlon KS, Gibbs K, Lerman JL, Hamner HC, Pannucci T, Sharfman A, Reedy J, Herrick KA. Count Every Bite to Make "Every Bite Count": Measurement Gaps and Future Directions for Assessing Diet From Birth to 24 Months. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023; 123:1269-1279.e1. [PMID: 37196980 PMCID: PMC10809843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Zimmer
- Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Julie Obbagy
- Food and Nutrition Service, USDA, Alexandria, Virginia
| | - Kelley S Scanlon
- Supplemental Nutrition and Safety Research and Analysis Division, Office of Policy Support, USDA Food and Nutrition Service, Alexandria, Virginia
| | - Kimberlea Gibbs
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jennifer L Lerman
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | | | - Jill Reedy
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kirsten A Herrick
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.
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Kraak VI. Perspective: Examining Conflicts of Interest for Professional Service within the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:432-437. [PMID: 36997092 PMCID: PMC10201810 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Judgments and integrity uphold professionalism. Failure to manage professional conflicts of interest (COIs) may undermine trust in an individual, practitioner, or institution. This perspective article examines standards for nutrition researchers and practitioners to manage COIs for the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) process. Thereafter, this article analyzes a study published by Mialon et al. that raised concerns about the expert advisory committee selection process and management of COIs for 20 professionals appointed by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the USDA, who served on a federal government advisory committee to review evidence for the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee (DGAC) 2020 scientific report. The analysis found that Mialon et al. enumerated COIs for each DGAC member with industry, removed from the original context, which prevented readers from assessing the COI risk. Moreover, the USDA ethics office concluded that "the 20 committee members were in full compliance with the federal ethics rules applicable to special government employees." I conclude that Mialon et al. could use institutional mechanisms to encourage the USDA and HHS to strengthen future COI policies and procedures, aligned with the 2022 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine report recommendations to improve the DGA 2025 to 2030 process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivica I Kraak
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, United States.
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Kobayashi M, Pattarathitwat P, Pongprajakand A, Kongkaew S. Association of normal weight obesity with lifestyle and dietary habits in young Thai women: A cross-sectional study. OBESITY PILLARS (ONLINE) 2023; 5:100055. [PMID: 37990747 PMCID: PMC10661982 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2023.100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Background The risk of lifestyle-related diseases in normal weight obesity (NWO), a condition, in which the body mass index (BMI) is normal but the body fat mass is high, has attracted a lot of attention. However, there are no reports on the association between NWO and lifestyle, eating habits, and other health risks in Thai people. BMI alone cannot be used to identify individuals with NWO; thus, some students with NWO develop metabolic abnormalities without receiving any intervention. This study aimed to examine the differences in anthropometrics, lifestyle, and eating habits among young Thai women and their association with the BMI and the body fat ratio (BFR). Methods A total of 250 female Thai university students of normal body type (18.5 ≤ BMI<25.0 kg/m2) were classified as having non-normal weight obesity (NO-NWO) if their BFR was <30.0% or NWO if their BMI and BFR were >30.0%. The lifestyle and eating habits of the two groups were compared. We conducted logistic analysis with the presence or absence of NWO as the dependent variable, and the dietary habit items of "eating greasy foods," "eating ultra-processed foods (UPF)," and "drinking sweetened beverages" as the objective variables. Results Among the study participants who were of normal body type, 46.8% were NWO. The participants in the NWO group consumed UPF more frequently (odds ratio [OR], 2.04; p = 0.014) and sweetened beverages more regularly (OR, 1.92, p = 0.041) than those in the NO-NWO group. Conclusion UPF and sweetened beverage consumption was more common in individuals with NWO. Identifying the risk factors for NWO is essential to help individuals make lifestyle changes to prevent its progression and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minatsu Kobayashi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, Otsuma Women's University, 12 Sanban-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8357, Japan
| | - Paponpat Pattarathitwat
- Faculty of Home Economics Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi 39 Moo 1, Klong 6, Khlong Luang Pathum, Thani, 12110, Thailand
| | - Apidech Pongprajakand
- Faculty of Home Economics Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi 39 Moo 1, Klong 6, Khlong Luang Pathum, Thani, 12110, Thailand
| | - Sikaret Kongkaew
- Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, 202 Chang Phueak Rd, Chang Phueak, Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai, 50300, Thailand
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Abstract
This review article seeks to systematically identify appropriate ways to measure the consumption behavior of organic fruits. The systematic review of the literature was performed according to the criteria of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and the eligibility criteria were declared through the PICOS (population, interventions, comparators, outcomes, and study) tool based on 277 article records scientiometrically identified in both the Journal Citation Report databases from Web of Science. The literature review stages determined a reduced set of articles that presented valid and reliable measurement scales that covered determinant constructs in organic fruit consumer behavior (OFCB). The measurement scale with the best results reported within the screened articles covered the constructs related to health, fear, environment, effort, and economy, allowing it to serve as a reference instrument in further studies on food consumer behavior.
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Prokop-Dorner A, Piłat-Kobla A, Zając J, Luśtyk M, Valli C, Łapczuk A, Brzyska M, Johnston B, Zera D, Guyatt G, Alonso-Coello P, Bala MM. Values and preferences influencing willingness to change red and processed meat consumption in response to evidence-based information: a mixed methods study. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:1-34. [PMID: 35392999 PMCID: PMC9991620 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022000866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES (1) to assess the extent to which omnivores are willing to stop or reduce their consumption of red and processed meat in response to evidence-based information regarding the possible reduction of cancer mortality and incidence achieved by dietary modification; (2) to identify sociodemographic categories associated with higher willingness to change meat consumption; (3) to understand the motives facilitating and hindering such a change. DESIGN During an initial computer-assisted web interview, respondents were presented with scenarios containing the estimates of the absolute risk reduction in overall cancer incidence and mortality tailored to their declared level of red and processed meat consumption. Respondents were asked whether they would stop or reduce their average meat consumption based on the information provided. Their dietary choices were assessed at 6-month follow-up. Additionally, we conducted semi-structured interviews to better understand the rationale for dietary practices and the perception of health information. PARTICIPANTS The study was conducted among students and staff of 3 universities in Krakow, Poland. RESULTS Most of the 513 respondents were unwilling to change their consumption habits. We found gender to be a significant predictor of the willingness. Finally, we identified 4 themes reflecting key motives that determined meat consumption preferences: the importance of taste and texture, health consciousness, the habitual nature of cooking, and persistence of omnivorous habits. CONCLUSIONS When faced with health information about the uncertain reduction in the risk of cancer mortality and incidence, the vast majority of study participants were unwilling to introduce changes in their consumption habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Prokop-Dorner
- Department of Medical Sociology, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Piłat-Kobla
- Department of Medical Sociology, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Zając
- Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michalina Luśtyk
- Department of Medical Sociology, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034Krakow, Poland
| | - Claudia Valli
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute San Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aneta Łapczuk
- Department of Medical Sociology, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Brzyska
- Department of Medical Sociology, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034Krakow, Poland
| | - Bradley Johnston
- College of Agriculture and Life Scinces, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Dena Zera
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gordon Guyatt
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Pablo Alonso-Coello
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute San Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Malgorzata M Bala
- Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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