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Smith SK, Weaver JE, Ducoste JJ, de Los Reyes FL. Microbial community assembly in engineered bioreactors. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 255:121495. [PMID: 38554629 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Microbial community assembly (MCA) processes that shape microbial communities in environments are being used to analyze engineered bioreactors such as activated sludge systems and anaerobic digesters. The goal of studying MCA is to be able to understand and predict the effect of design and operation procedures on bioreactor microbial composition and function. Ultimately, this can lead to bioreactors that are more efficient, resilient, or resistant to perturbations. This review summarizes the ecological theories underpinning MCA, evaluates MCA analysis methods, analyzes how these MCA-based methods are applied to engineered bioreactors, and extracts lessons from case studies. Furthermore, we suggest future directions in MCA research in engineered bioreactor systems. The review aims to provide insights and guidance to the growing number of environmental engineers who wish to design and understand bioreactors through the lens of MCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savanna K Smith
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Joseph E Weaver
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Joel J Ducoste
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Francis L de Los Reyes
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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2
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Qiao H, Wu L, Li C, Yuan T, Gao J. Microbial perspective on restoration of degraded urban soil using ornamental plants. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 359:120920. [PMID: 38688130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The urban soil where abandoned buildings are demolished is barren and structurally poor, and this degraded soil requires restoration. Ornamental plants enhance the urban environment, increase biodiversity, and affect soil physicochemical properties, microbial diversity; however, their effects remain unclear. Thus, in this study, a mixed-planting meadow consisting of 14 perennial ornamental flower species, including Iris tectorum, Iris lacteal, and Patrinia scabiosaefolia, etc. Was planted at a demolition site with sewage-contaminated soil in Beijing. Simultaneously, a single-planting lawn of I. tectorum was established in a nearby park. We aimed to examine soil physicochemical properties, sequence soil bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS amplicons, and analyze soil microbial diversity and community structure at both sites at five time points in the year after planting, To explore the effect of herbaceous ornamental plants on degraded urban soil, we used FAPROTAX and FUNGuild to predict bacterial and fungal functions, the bin-based null model to evaluate the soil microbial community, and random matrix theory to construct soil microbial molecular networks. The mixed-planting meadow produced a visually appealing landscape and dynamic seasonal enrichment, significantly increasing soil total nitrogen (TN) and organic matter (SOM) contents by 1.99 and 1.21 times, respectively. TN had a positive correlation with soil microbial α diversity and community structure. Dominant phyla at both sites included Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Ascomycota. Although soil microorganisms were primarily influenced by stochastic processes, stochasticity was notably higher in the mixed-planting meadow than in the single-planting lawn. The mixed-planting meadow significantly increased the relative abundance of beneficial microorganisms, improving nitrification and aerobic ammonium oxidation of soil bacteria, as well as symbiotroph of fungi. No significant changes were observed in the single-planting lawn. The mixed-planting meadow established a complex soil microbial molecular network, enhancing the correlation between bacteria and fungi and increasing the number of key microorganisms. Our findings suggest the potential of mixed-planting meadow in restoring degraded urban soils by influencing the soil microbial community and enhancing the ecological service function. Our study provides theoretical support for applying mixed-planting meadow communities to improve the soil environment of urban green spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyong Qiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing, PR China; School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Luyao Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing, PR China; School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relice and Archaeology, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Chaonan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing, PR China; School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing, PR China; School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Jianzhou Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing, PR China; School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
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3
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Lourenco JM, Callaway TR. Editorial: Impact of Special Issue "The Microbial Population of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Animals: Impacts on Host Physiology". Microorganisms 2024; 12:859. [PMID: 38792689 PMCID: PMC11124161 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an exponential increase in the number of papers that have investigated the microbiome of animals and humans [...].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Todd R. Callaway
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
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4
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Perez-Esteban N, Vives-Egea J, Peces M, Dosta J, Astals S. Temperature-driven carboxylic acid production from waste activated sludge and food waste: Co-fermentation performance and microbial dynamics. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 178:176-185. [PMID: 38401431 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
This work aims to improve the continuous co-fermentation of waste activated sludge (WAS) and food waste (FW) by investigating the long-term impact of temperature on fermentation performance and the underpinning microbial community. Acidogenic co-fermentation of WAS and FW (70:30 % VS-basis) to produce volatile fatty acids (VFA) was studied in continuous fermenters at different temperatures (25, 35, 45, 55 °C) at an organic loading rate of 11 gVS/(L·d) and a hydraulic retention time of 3.5 days. Two batches of WAS (A and B) were collected from the same wastewater treatment plant at different periods to understand the impact of the WAS microbioota on the fermenters' microbial communities. Solubilisation yield was higher at 45 °C (575 ± 68 mgCOD/gVS) followed by 55 °C (508 ± 45 mgCOD/gVS). Fermentation yield was higher at 55 °C (425 ± 28 mgCOD/gVS) followed by 35 °C (327 ± 17 mgCOD/gVS). Temperature also had a noticeable impact on the VFA profile. At 55 °C, acetic (40 %) and butyric (40 %) acid dominated, while acetic (37 %), butyric acid (31 %), and propionic acid (17 %) dominated at 35 °C. At 45 °C, an accumulation of caproic acid was detected which did not occur at other temperatures. Each temperature had a distinct microbial community, where the WAS microbiota played an important role. The biomass mass-balance showed the highest growth of microorganisms (51 %) at 35 °C and WAS_B, where a consumption of acetic acid was observed. Therefore, at 35 °C, there is a higher risk of acetic acid consumption probably due to the proliferation of methanogens imported from WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Perez-Esteban
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Vives-Egea
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Peces
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Dosta
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Astals
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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5
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Nalbone L, Forgia S, Ziino G, Sorrentino G, Giarratana F, Giuffrida A. A stochastic approach for modelling the in-vitro effect of osmotic stress on growth dynamics and persistent cell formation in Listeria monocytogenes. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 413:110586. [PMID: 38262123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Persistent bacteria (or persisters) can be defined as a microbial subpopulation that, exposed to bactericidal treatment, is killed more slowly than the rest of the population they are part of. They stochastically originate in response to environmental stressors or spontaneously without external signals. When transferred into a fresh medium, persisters can resume active replication although they spend more time adapting to the new conditions remaining in the lag phase longer. They were studied for decades for their ability to survive antibiotic treatments while studies on their formation in food and potential impact on their safety are lacking. The most common food preservation techniques may act as stressors that trigger the formation of persistent bacteria able to survive bactericidal treatments and grow later in foods during storage. This study aimed to investigate a possible relationship between exposure to different salt concentrations (osmotic stress) and the amount of persisters triggered in a strain of Listeria monocytogenes. Furthermore, we described this phenomenon from a mathematical perspective through predictive microbiology models commonly used in the food field. The lag time distribution of a L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644 strain grown in broth with additional 2 %, 4 % and 6 % NaCl was evaluated using the software ScanLag. It uses office scanners to automatically record the colony growth on agar plates and evaluate the frequency distribution of their appearance times (lag phase) by automated image analysis. The same broth cultures were diluted to equalize salt concentration and transferred into a fresh broth to evaluate how the previous salt exposure impacted their growth kinetics. The observed growth curves were reproduced using predictive models in which the mean duration of the lag phase of the whole population took into account the occurrence of persisters with a longer lag phase. The models were solved first using a deterministic approach and then a stochastic one introducing a stochastic term that mimics the variability of lag phase duration due to the persisters occurrence. Results showed that the growth of L. monocytogenes in broth with additional NaCl might trigger the formation of persistent cells whose number increased consistently with salt concentrations. The proposed predictive approach reproduced the observed real curves in strong agreement, especially through the stochastic resolution of the models. Persistence is currently a neglected bacterial defence strategy in the food sector but the persisters' formation during production cannot be excluded; therefore, further insights on the topic are certainly desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Nalbone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale Giovanni Palatucci SNC, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Forgia
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale Giovanni Palatucci SNC, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Graziella Ziino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale Giovanni Palatucci SNC, 98168 Messina, Italy; Riconnexia Srls, Spin-off of the University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale Giovanni Palatucci SNC, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giorgia Sorrentino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale Giovanni Palatucci SNC, 98168 Messina, Italy; Riconnexia Srls, Spin-off of the University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale Giovanni Palatucci SNC, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Filippo Giarratana
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale Giovanni Palatucci SNC, 98168 Messina, Italy; Riconnexia Srls, Spin-off of the University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale Giovanni Palatucci SNC, 98168 Messina, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Giuffrida
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale Giovanni Palatucci SNC, 98168 Messina, Italy; Riconnexia Srls, Spin-off of the University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Viale Giovanni Palatucci SNC, 98168 Messina, Italy
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6
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Javourez U, Matassa S, Vlaeminck SE, Verstraete W. Ruminations on sustainable and safe food: Championing for open symbiotic cultures ensuring resource efficiency, eco-sustainability and affordability. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14436. [PMID: 38465733 PMCID: PMC10926176 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbes are powerful upgraders, able to convert simple substrates to nutritional metabolites at rates and yields surpassing those of higher organisms by a factor of 2 to 10. A summary table highlights the superior efficiencies of a whole array of microbes compared to conventionally farmed animals and insects, converting nitrogen and organics to food and feed. Aiming at the most resource-efficient class of microbial proteins, deploying the power of open microbial communities, coined here as 'symbiotic microbiomes' is promising. For instance, a production train of interest is to develop rumen-inspired technologies to upgrade fibre-rich substrates, increasingly available as residues from emerging bioeconomy initiatives. Such advancements offer promising perspectives, as currently only 5%-25% of the available cellulose is recovered by ruminant livestock systems. While safely producing food and feed with open cultures has a long-standing tradition, novel symbiotic fermentation routes are currently facing much higher market entrance barriers compared to axenic fermentation. Our global society is at a pivotal juncture, requiring a shift towards food production systems that not only embrace the environmental and economic sustainability but also uphold ethical standards. In this context, we propose to re-examine the place of spontaneous or natural microbial consortia for safe future food and feed biotech developments, and advocate for intelligent regulatory practices. We stress that reconsidering symbiotic microbiomes is key to achieve sustainable development goals and defend the need for microbial biotechnology literacy education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Javourez
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSAToulouseFrance
| | - Silvio Matassa
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Siegfried E. Vlaeminck
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpenBelgium
| | - Willy Verstraete
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityGentBelgium
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7
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Espinel-Ríos S, Morabito B, Pohlodek J, Bettenbrock K, Klamt S, Findeisen R. Toward a modeling, optimization, and predictive control framework for fed-batch metabolic cybergenetics. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:366-379. [PMID: 37942516 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Biotechnology offers many opportunities for the sustainable manufacturing of valuable products. The toolbox to optimize bioprocesses includes extracellular process elements such as the bioreactor design and mode of operation, medium formulation, culture conditions, feeding rates, and so on. However, these elements are frequently insufficient for achieving optimal process performance or precise product composition. One can use metabolic and genetic engineering methods for optimization at the intracellular level. Nevertheless, those are often of static nature, failing when applied to dynamic processes or if disturbances occur. Furthermore, many bioprocesses are optimized empirically and implemented with little-to-no feedback control to counteract disturbances. The concept of cybergenetics has opened new possibilities to optimize bioprocesses by enabling online modulation of the gene expression of metabolism-relevant proteins via external inputs (e.g., light intensity in optogenetics). Here, we fuse cybergenetics with model-based optimization and predictive control for optimizing dynamic bioprocesses. To do so, we propose to use dynamic constraint-based models that integrate the dynamics of metabolic reactions, resource allocation, and inducible gene expression. We formulate a model-based optimal control problem to find the optimal process inputs. Furthermore, we propose using model predictive control to address uncertainties via online feedback. We focus on fed-batch processes, where the substrate feeding rate is an additional optimization variable. As a simulation example, we show the optogenetic control of the ATPase enzyme complex for dynamic modulation of enforced ATP wasting to adjust product yield and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Espinel-Ríos
- Analysis and Redesign of Biological Networks, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bruno Morabito
- Yokogawa Insilico Biotechnology GmbH, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Pohlodek
- Control and Cyber-Physical Systems Laboratory, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Katja Bettenbrock
- Analysis and Redesign of Biological Networks, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Klamt
- Analysis and Redesign of Biological Networks, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Findeisen
- Control and Cyber-Physical Systems Laboratory, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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8
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Blakney AJC, St-Arnaud M, Hijri M. Does soil history decline in influencing the structure of bacterial communities of Brassica napus host plants across different growth stages? ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:ycae019. [PMID: 38500702 PMCID: PMC10944699 DOI: 10.1093/ismeco/ycae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Soil history has been shown to condition future rhizosphere microbial communities. However, previous experiments have also illustrated that mature, adult plants can "re-write," or mask, different soil histories through host plant-soil community feedbacks. This leaves a knowledge gap concerning how soil history influences bacterial community structure across different growth stages. Thus, here we tested the hypothesis that previously established soil histories will decrease in influencing the structure of Brassica napus bacterial communities over the growing season. We used an on-going agricultural field experiment to establish three different soil histories, plots of monocrop canola (B. napus), or rotations of wheat-canola, or pea-barley-canola. During the following season, we repeatedly sampled the surrounding bulk soil, rhizosphere, and roots of the B. napus hosts at different growth stages-the initial seeding conditions, seedling, rosette, bolting, and flower-from all three soil history plots. We compared composition and diversity of the B. napus soil bacterial communities, as estimated using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding, to identify any changes associated with soil history and growth stages. We found that soil history remained significant across each growth stage in structuring the bacterial bulk soil and rhizosphere communities, but not the bacterial root communities. This suggests that the host plant's capacity to "re-write" different soil histories may be quite limited as key components that constitute the soil history's identity remain present, such that the previously established soil history continues to impact the bacterial rhizosphere communities, but not the root communities. For agriculture, this highlights how previously established soil histories persist and may have important long-term consequences on future plant-microbe communities, including bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J C Blakney
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal and Jardin botanique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H1X 2B2, Canada
- Present address: Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, Ontario, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Marc St-Arnaud
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal and Jardin botanique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - Mohamed Hijri
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal and Jardin botanique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H1X 2B2, Canada
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
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9
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Putman LI, Schaerer LG, Wu R, Kulas DG, Zolghadr A, Ong RG, Shonnard DR, Techtmann SM. Deconstructed Plastic Substrate Preferences of Microbial Populations from the Natural Environment. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0036223. [PMID: 37260392 PMCID: PMC10433879 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00362-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Over half of the world's plastic waste is landfilled, where it is estimated to take hundreds of years to degrade. Given the continued use and disposal of plastic products, it is vital that we develop fast and effective ways to utilize plastic waste. Here, we explore the potential of tandem chemical and biological processing to process various plastics quickly and effectively. Four samples of compost or sediment were used to set up enrichment cultures grown on mixtures of compounds, including disodium terephthalate and terephthalic acid (monomers of polyethylene terephthalate), compounds derived from the chemical deconstruction of polycarbonate, and pyrolysis oil derived from high-density polyethylene plastics. Established enrichment communities were also grown on individual substrates to investigate the substrate preferences of different taxa. Biomass harvested from the cultures was characterized using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. These data reveal low-diversity microbial communities structured by differences in culture inoculum, culture substrate source plastic type, and time. Microbial populations from the classes Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteriae were significantly enriched when grown on substrates derived from high-density polyethylene and polycarbonate. The metagenomic data contain abundant aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon degradation genes relevant to the biodegradation of deconstructed plastic substrates used here. We show that microbial populations from diverse environments are capable of growth on substrates derived from the chemical deconstruction or pyrolysis of multiple plastic types and that paired chemical and biological processing of plastics should be further developed for industrial applications to manage plastic waste. IMPORTANCE The durability and impermeable nature of plastics have made them a popular material for numerous applications, but these same qualities make plastics difficult to dispose of, resulting in massive amounts of accumulated plastic waste in landfills and the natural environment. Since plastic use and disposal are projected to increase in the future, novel methods to effectively break down and dispose of current and future plastic waste are desperately needed. We show that the products of chemical deconstruction or pyrolysis of plastic can successfully sustain the growth of low-diversity microbial communities. These communities were enriched from multiple environmental sources and are capable of degrading complex xenobiotic carbon compounds. This study demonstrates that tandem chemical and biological processing can be used to degrade multiple types of plastics over a relatively short period of time and may be a future avenue for the mitigation of rapidly accumulating plastic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay I. Putman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Laura G. Schaerer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Ruochen Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniel G. Kulas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Ali Zolghadr
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Rebecca G. Ong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - David R. Shonnard
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephen M. Techtmann
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
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10
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Biowaste upcycling into second-generation microbial protein through mixed-culture fermentation. Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:197-213. [PMID: 35989113 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Securing a sustainable protein supply at the global level is among the greatest challenges currently faced by humanity. Alternative protein sources, such as second-generation microbial protein (MP), could give rise to innovative circular bioeconomy practices, synthesizing high-value bioproducts through the recovery and upcycling of resources from overabundant biowastes and residues. Within such a multi-feedstock biorefinery scenario, the wide range of microbial pathways and networks that characterize mixed microbial cultures, offers interesting and not yet fully explored advantages over conventional monoculture-based processes. In this review, we combine a comprehensive analysis of waste recovery platforms for second-generation MP production with a critical evaluation of the research gaps and potentials offered by mixed culture-based MP fermentation processes.
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11
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Matassa S, Boeckx P, Boere J, Erisman JW, Guo M, Manzo R, Meerburg F, Papirio S, Pikaar I, Rabaey K, Rousseau D, Schnoor J, Smith P, Smolders E, Wuertz S, Verstraete W. How can we possibly resolve the planet's nitrogen dilemma? Microb Biotechnol 2022; 16:15-27. [PMID: 36378579 PMCID: PMC9803332 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen is the most crucial element in the production of nutritious feeds and foods. The production of reactive nitrogen by means of fossil fuel has thus far been able to guarantee the protein supply for the world population. Yet, the production and massive use of fertilizer nitrogen constitute a major threat in terms of environmental health and sustainability. It is crucial to promote consumer acceptance and awareness towards proteins produced by highly effective microorganisms, and their potential to replace proteins obtained with poor nitrogen efficiencies from plants and animals. The fact that reactive fertilizer nitrogen, produced by the Haber Bosch process, consumes a significant amount of fossil fuel worldwide is of concern. Moreover, recently, the prices of fossil fuels have increased the cost of reactive nitrogen by a factor of 3 to 5 times, while international policies are fostering the transition towards a more sustainable agro-ecology by reducing mineral fertilizers inputs and increasing organic farming. The combination of these pressures and challenges opens opportunities to use the reactive nitrogen nutrient more carefully. Time has come to effectively recover used nitrogen from secondary resources and to upgrade it to a legal status of fertilizer. Organic nitrogen is a slow-release fertilizer, it has a factor of 2.5 or higher economic value per unit nitrogen as fertilizer and thus adequate technologies to produce it, for instance by implementing photobiological processes, are promising. Finally, it appears wise to start the integration in our overall feed and food supply chains of the exceptional potential of biological nitrogen fixation. Nitrogen produced by the nitrogenase enzyme, either in the soil or in novel biotechnology reactor systems, deserves to have a 'renaissance' in the context of planetary governance in general and the increasing number of people who desire to be fed in a sustainable way in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Matassa
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Pascal Boeckx
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Jos Boere
- Allied Waters B.V.NieuwegeinThe Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem Erisman
- Institute of Environmental SciencesLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Miao Guo
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Raffaele Manzo
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | | | - Stefano Papirio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Ilje Pikaar
- School of Civil EngineeringThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Korneel Rabaey
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Diederik Rousseau
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Jerald Schnoor
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Peter Smith
- Institute of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - Erik Smolders
- Division Soil and Water ManagementKatholieke Universiteit LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Stefan Wuertz
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore,School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
| | - Willy Verstraete
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
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12
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Bruno A, Agostinetto G, Fumagalli S, Ghisleni G, Sandionigi A. It’s a Long Way to the Tap: Microbiome and DNA-Based Omics at the Core of Drinking Water Quality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137940. [PMID: 35805598 PMCID: PMC9266242 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microbial communities interact with us and affect our health in ways that are only beginning to be understood. Microorganisms have been detected in every ecosystem on Earth, as well as in any built environment that has been investigated. Drinking water sources, drinking water treatment plants and distribution systems provide peculiar microbial ecological niches, dismantling the belief of the “biological simplicity” of drinking water. Nevertheless, drinking water microbiomes are understudied compared to other microbiomes. Recent DNA sequencing and meta-omics advancements allow a deeper understanding of drinking water microbiota. Thus, moving beyond the limits of day-to-day testing for specific pathogenic microbes, new approaches aim at predicting microbiome changes driven by disturbances at the macro-scale and overtime. This will foster an effective and proactive management of water sources, improving the drinking water supply system and the monitoring activities to lower public health risk. Here, we want to give a new angle on drinking water microbiome research. Starting from a selection of 231 scientific publications on this topic, we emphasize the value of biodiversity in drinking water ecosystems and how it can be related with industrialization. We then discuss how microbiome research can support sustainable drinking water management, encouraging collaborations across sectors and involving the society through responsible research and innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Bruno
- Biotechnology and Biosciences Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (S.F.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Giulia Agostinetto
- Biotechnology and Biosciences Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (S.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Sara Fumagalli
- Biotechnology and Biosciences Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (S.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Giulia Ghisleni
- Biotechnology and Biosciences Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (S.F.); (G.G.)
- Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
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13
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Perez-Esteban N, Vinardell S, Vidal-Antich C, Peña-Picola S, Chimenos JM, Peces M, Dosta J, Astals S. Potential of anaerobic co-fermentation in wastewater treatments plants: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 813:152498. [PMID: 34968594 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Fermentation (not anaerobic digestion) is an emerging biotechnology to transform waste into easily assimilable organic compounds such as volatile fatty acids, lactic acid and alcohols. Co-fermentation, the simultaneous fermentation of two or more waste, is an opportunity for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to increase the yields of sludge mono-fermentation. Most publications have studied waste activated sludge co-fermentation with food waste or agri-industrial waste. Mixing ratio, pH and temperature are the most studied variables. The highest fermentation yields have been generally achieved in mixtures dominated by the most biodegradable substrate at circumneutral pH and mesophilic conditions. Nonetheless, most experiments have been performed in batch assays which results are driven by the capabilities of the starting microbial community and do not allow evaluating the microbial acclimation that occurs under continuous conditions. Temperature, pH, hydraulic retention time and organic load are variables that can be controlled to optimise the performance of continuous co-fermenters (i.e., favour waste hydrolysis and fermentation and limit the proliferation of methanogens). This review also discusses the integration of co-fermentation with other biotechnologies in WWTPs. Overall, this review presents a comprehensive and critical review of the achievements on co-fermentation research and lays the foundation for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Perez-Esteban
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Vinardell
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Vidal-Antich
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Water Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Peña-Picola
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J M Chimenos
- Department of Materials Science and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Peces
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Centre for Microbial Communities, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - J Dosta
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Water Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Astals
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Espinel‐Ríos S, Bettenbrock K, Klamt S, Findeisen R. Maximizing batch fermentation efficiency by constrained model‐based optimization and predictive control of adenosine triphosphate turnover. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Espinel‐Ríos
- Laboratory for Systems Theory and Automatic Control Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- Analysis and Redesign of Biological Networks Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems Magdeburg Germany
| | - Katja Bettenbrock
- Analysis and Redesign of Biological Networks Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems Magdeburg Germany
| | - Steffen Klamt
- Analysis and Redesign of Biological Networks Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems Magdeburg Germany
- Technische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany
| | - Rolf Findeisen
- Laboratory for Systems Theory and Automatic Control Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- Control and Cyber‐Physical Systems Laboratory Technical University of Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany
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15
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Verstraete W, Yanuka‐Golub K, Driesen N, De Vrieze J. Engineering microbial technologies for environmental sustainability: choices to make. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:215-227. [PMID: 34875143 PMCID: PMC8719809 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial technologies have provided solutions to key challenges in our daily lives for over a century. In the debate about the ongoing climate change and the need for planetary sustainability, microbial ecology and microbial technologies are rarely considered. Nonetheless, they can bring forward vital solutions to decrease and even prevent long-term effects of climate change. The key to the success of microbial technologies is an effective, target-oriented microbiome management. Here, we highlight how microbial technologies can play a key role in both natural, i.e. soils and aquatic ecosystems, and semi-natural or even entirely human-made, engineered ecosystems, e.g. (waste) water treatment and bodily systems. First, we set forward fundamental guidelines for effective soil microbial resource management, especially with respect to nutrient loss and greenhouse gas abatement. Next, we focus on closing the water circle, integrating resource recovery. We also address the essential interaction of the human and animal host with their respective microbiomes. Finally, we set forward some key future potentials, such as microbial protein and the need to overcome microphobia for microbial products and services. Overall, we conclude that by relying on the wisdom of the past, we can tackle the challenges of our current era through microbial technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willy Verstraete
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET)Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 653GentB‐9000Belgium
- Avecom NVIndustrieweg 122PWondelgem9032Belgium
| | - Keren Yanuka‐Golub
- The Institute of Applied ResearchThe Galilee SocietyP.O. Box 437Shefa‐AmrIsrael
| | | | - Jo De Vrieze
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET)Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 653GentB‐9000Belgium
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16
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Gundersen MS, Morelan IA, Andersen T, Bakke I, Vadstein O. The effect of periodic disturbances and carrying capacity on the significance of selection and drift in complex bacterial communities. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 1:53. [PMID: 37938282 PMCID: PMC9723678 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-021-00058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how periodical disturbances affect the community assembly processes is vital for predicting temporal dynamics in microbial communities. However, the effect of dilutions as disturbances are poorly understood. We used a marine bacterial community to investigate the effect of disturbance (+/-) and carrying capacity (high/low) over 50 days in a dispersal-limited 2 × 2 factorial study in triplicates, with a crossover in the disturbance regime between microcosms halfway in the experiment. We modelled the rate of change in community composition between replicates and used this rate to quantify selection and ecological drift. The disturbed communities increased in Bray-Curtis similarity with 0.011 ± 0.0045 (Period 1) and 0.0092 ± 0.0080 day-1 (Period 2), indicating that selection dominated community assembly. The undisturbed communities decreased in similarity at a rate of -0.015 ± 0.0038 day-1 in Period 1 and were stable in Period 2 at 0.00050 ± 0.0040 day-1, suggesting drift structured community assembly. Interestingly, carrying capacity had minor effects on community dynamics. This study is the first to show that stochastic effects are suppressed by periodical disturbances resulting in exponential growth periods due to density-independent biomass loss and resource input. The increased contribution of selection as a response to disturbances implies that ecosystem prediction is achievable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine S Gundersen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | | | - Tom Andersen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Bakke
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Olav Vadstein
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Hao L, Fan L, Chapleur O, Guenne A, Bize A, Bureau C, Lü F, He P, Bouchez T, Mazéas L. Gradual development of ammonia-induced syntrophic acetate-oxidizing activities under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions quantitatively tracked using multiple isotopic approaches. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 204:117586. [PMID: 34474248 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Insights into microbiota adaptation to increased ammonia stress, and identification of indicator microorganisms can help to optimize the operation of anaerobic digesters. To identify microbial indicators and investigate their metabolic contribution to acetoclastic methanogenesis (AM), syntrophic acetate oxidation (SAO) or hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis (HM), 40 anaerobic batch reactors fed with acetate of 110 mmol/L were set up at NH4+-N concentrations of 0.14 g/L, 5.00 g/L or 7.00 g/L, inoculated with thermophilic or mesophilic microbiota with or without pre-exposure to ammonia stress. Four stable carbon isotope probing approaches were applied in parallel, with [1,2-13C]-CH3COOH, [2-13C]-CH3COOH, [13C]NaHCO3 or non-labeled CH3COOH used individually. The last three approaches were used to quantify the methanogenic pathways by tracking labeled 13C or natural 13C signatures in the resulting CH4 and CO2, and consistently detected the dynamic transition of dominant pathways from AM to SAO-HM under ammonia stress. Results of quantitative PCR and fluorescence in-situ hybridization illustrated the procedure, acetotrophic methanogens being outcompeted by acetate-oxidizing syntrophs. The first and last isotope-labeling approaches were designed to probe the active acetate-mineralizing microbes with DNA-SIP. Known acetate-oxidizing bacteria like Syntrophaceticus and Tepidanaerobacter, as well as novel members of Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Symbiobacteraceae were detected, with Methanoculleus as the predominant H2/CO2-utilizing partner. Using NanoSIMS, some bacterial cells were observed to be fixing CO2 from [13C]NaHCO3. In this study, Methanosaeta was only active with ammonia < 200 mg-N/L; the syntrophs catalyzing SAO-HM started to compete with AM-conducting Methanosarcina at intermediate concentrations of ammonia, i.e. 200-500 mg-N/L, and outcompeted the acetotrophic methanogens with ammonia > 500 mg-N/L. Under ammonia stress, diverse known and novel microbial taxa were involved in acetate mineralization, comparable with those identified in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Lu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Olivier Chapleur
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, PRocédés biOtechnologiques au Service de l'Environnement, Antony 92761, France
| | - Angéline Guenne
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, PRocédés biOtechnologiques au Service de l'Environnement, Antony 92761, France
| | - Ariane Bize
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, PRocédés biOtechnologiques au Service de l'Environnement, Antony 92761, France
| | - Chrystelle Bureau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, PRocédés biOtechnologiques au Service de l'Environnement, Antony 92761, France
| | - Fan Lü
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Pinjing He
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Théodore Bouchez
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, PRocédés biOtechnologiques au Service de l'Environnement, Antony 92761, France.
| | - Laurent Mazéas
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, PRocédés biOtechnologiques au Service de l'Environnement, Antony 92761, France.
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18
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Gaspari M, Treu L, Zhu X, Palù M, Angelidaki I, Campanaro S, Kougias PG. Microbial dynamics in biogas digesters treating lipid-rich substrates via genome-centric metagenomics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146296. [PMID: 33714811 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Co-digestion with lipid-rich substrates is a likely strategy in biogas plants, due to their high energy content. However, the process stability is vulnerable to inhibition due to the sudden increase of fatty-acid concentration. Therefore, techniques that promote the adaptation of the microorganisms to the presence of lipids have been proposed. In this frame, the initial hypothesis of the work was that a gradual change in feedstock composition would enable us to elucidate the microbial organisation as a result of deterministic (i.e. chemical composition of influent) and stochastic (e.g. interspecies interactions) factors. This study investigates the response of the biogas microbiome to gradual increment of the Organic Loading Rate by supplementing the influent feedstock with Na-Oleate. The results showed that as a response to the feedstock shifts three clusters describing microbes behaviours were formed. The dynamics and the functional role of the formed microbial clusters were unveiled, providing explanations for their abundance and behavior. Process monitoring indicated that the reactors responded immediately to lipid supplementation and they managed to stabilize their performance in a short period of time. The dominance of Candidatus Methanoculleus thermohydrogenotrophicum in the biogas reactors fed exclusively with cattle manure indicated that the predominant methanogenic pathway was hydrogenotrophic. Additionally, the abundance of this methanogen was further enhanced upon lipid supplementation and its growth was supported by syntrophic bacteria capable to metabolize fatty acids. However, with the shift back to the original feedstock (i.e. solely cattle manure), the microbial dynamicity significantly altered with a remarkable increment in the abundance of a propionate degrader affiliated to the order of Bacteroidales, which became the predominant microorganism of the consortium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gaspari
- Department of Hydraulics, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Soil and Water Resources Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation Demeter, Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Laura Treu
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Matteo Palù
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Irini Angelidaki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | | | - Panagiotis G Kougias
- Soil and Water Resources Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation Demeter, Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
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19
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Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Cheese Whey and Industrial Hemp Residues Opens New Perspectives for the Valorization of Agri-Food Waste. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13112820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cheese whey (CW) and hemp hurds (HH) represent typically overabundant biowastes of food and agricultural production, and their circular management is crucial to improve both sustainability and profitability of the agri-food chain. By combining experimental biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests and literature data, the techno-economic aspects of a possible future bioenergy valorization of CW and HH through anaerobic digestion (AD) and co- digestion (coAD) were analyzed. Along the 42-days, BMP assays, CW, and HH alone rendered BMP values of 446 ± 66 and 242 ± 13 mL CH4·g VS−1, respectively. The application of coAD with CW and HH at a 70:30 ratio allowed to enhance the biomethane production by 10.7%, as compared to the corresponding calculated value. In terms of economic profitability, the valorization of HH as biomethane in a dual-purpose hemp cultivation could potentially enable net profits of up to 3929 €·ha−1, which could rise to 6124 €·ha−1 in case of coAD with CW. Finally, by projecting the biomethane potential from current and future available CW and HH residues in the national context of Italy, a total biomethane yield of up to 296 MNm3·y−1 could be attained, offering interesting perspectives for the sustainability of key sectors such as transportation.
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