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Yu F, Luo W, Xie W, Li Y, Liu Y, Ye X, Peng T, Wang H, Huang T, Hu Z. The effects of long-term hexabromocyclododecanes contamination on microbial communities in the microcosms. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138412. [PMID: 36925001 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The adaptation of microbial community to the long-term contamination of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) has not been well studied. Our previous study found that the HBCDs contamination in the microcosms constructed of sediments from two different mangrove forests in 8 months resulted in serious acidification (pH2-3). This study reanalyzed previous sequencing data and compared them with data after 20 months to investigate the adaptive properties of microbial communities in the stress of HBCDs and acidification. It hypothesized that the reassembly was based on the fitness of taxa. The results indicated that eukaryotes and fungi might have better adaptive capacity to these deteriorated habitats. Eukaryotic taxa Eufallia and Syncystis, and fungal taxa Wickerhamomyces were only detected after 20 months of contamination. Moreover, eukaryotic taxa Caloneis and Nitzschia, and fungal taxa Talaromyces were dominant in most of microbial communities (14.467-95.941%). The functional compositions were sediment-dependent and more divergent than community reassemblies. Network and co-occurrence analysis suggested that acidophiles such as Acidisoma and Acidiphilium were gaining more positive relations in the long-term stress. The acidophilic taxa and genes involved in resistance to the acidification and toxicity of HBCDs were enriched, for example, bacteria Acidisoma and Acidiphilium, archaea Thermogymnomonas, and eukaryotes Nitzschia, and genes kdpC, odc1, polA, gst, and sod-2. These genes involved in oxidative stress response, energy metabolism, DNA damage repair, potassium transportation, and decarboxylation. It suggested that the microbial communities might cope with the stress from HBCDs and acidification via multiple pathways. The present research shed light on the evolution of microbial communities under the long-term stress of HBCDs contamination and acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yu
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenqi Luo
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuyang Li
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yongjin Liu
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xueying Ye
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tongwang Huang
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Zhong Hu
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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Louca S, Taylor GT, Astor YM, Buck KN, Muller-Karger FE. Transport-limited reactions in microbial systems. Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:268-282. [PMID: 36345893 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Predicting microbial metabolic rates and emergent biogeochemical fluxes remains challenging due to the many unknown population dynamical, physiological and reaction-kinetic parameters and uncertainties in species composition. Here, we show that the need for these parameters can be eliminated when population dynamics and reaction kinetics operate at much shorter time scales than physical mixing processes. Such scenarios are widespread in poorly mixed water columns and sediments. In this 'fast-reaction-transport' (FRT) limit, all that is required for predictions are chemical boundary conditions, the physical mixing processes and reaction stoichiometries, while no knowledge of species composition, physiology or population/reaction kinetic parameters is needed. Using time-series data spanning years 2001-2014 and depths 180-900 m across the permanently anoxic Cariaco Basin, we demonstrate that the FRT approach can accurately predict the dynamics of major electron donors and acceptors (Pearson r ≥ 0.9 in all cases). Hence, many microbial processes in this system are largely transport limited and thus predictable regardless of species composition, population dynamics and kinetics. Our approach enables predictions for many systems in which microbial community dynamics and kinetics are unknown. Our findings also reveal a mechanism for the frequently observed decoupling between function and taxonomy in microbial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stilianos Louca
- Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Oregon, USA
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Oregon, USA
| | - Gordon T Taylor
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yrene M Astor
- Estación de Investigaciones Marinas de Margarita, Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales, Punta de Piedras, Estado Nueva Esparta, Venezuela
| | - Kristen N Buck
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, Florida, USA
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Sörenson E, Capo E, Farnelid H, Lindehoff E, Legrand C. Temperature Stress Induces Shift From Co-Existence to Competition for Organic Carbon in Microalgae-Bacterial Photobioreactor Community - Enabling Continuous Production of Microalgal Biomass. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:607601. [PMID: 33643237 PMCID: PMC7905023 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.607601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To better predict the consequences of environmental change on aquatic microbial ecosystems it is important to understand what enables community resilience. The mechanisms by which a microbial community maintain its overall function, for example, the cycling of carbon, when exposed to a stressor, can be explored by considering three concepts: biotic interactions, functional adaptations, and community structure. Interactions between species are traditionally considered as, e.g., mutualistic, parasitic, or neutral but are here broadly defined as either coexistence or competition, while functions relate to their metabolism (e.g., autotrophy or heterotrophy) and roles in ecosystem functioning (e.g., oxygen production, organic matter degradation). The term structure here align with species richness and diversity, where a more diverse community is though to exhibit a broader functional capacity than a less diverse community. These concepts have here been combined with ecological theories commonly used in resilience studies, i.e., adaptive cycles, panarchy, and cross-scale resilience, that describe how the status and behavior at one trophic level impact that of surrounding levels. This allows us to explore the resilience of a marine microbial community, cultivated in an outdoor photobioreactor, when exposed to a naturally occurring seasonal stress. The culture was monitored for 6weeks during which it was exposed to two different temperature regimes (21 ± 2 and 11 ± 1°C). Samples were taken for metatranscriptomic analysis, in order to assess the regulation of carbon uptake and utilization, and for amplicon (18S and 16S rRNA gene) sequencing, to characterize the community structure of both autotrophs (dominated by the green microalgae Mychonastes) and heterotrophs (associated bacterioplankton). Differential gene expression analyses suggested that community function at warm temperatures was based on concomitant utilization of inorganic and organic carbon assigned to autotrophs and heterotrophs, while at colder temperatures, the uptake of organic carbon was performed primarily by autotrophs. Upon the shift from high to low temperature, community interactions shifted from coexistence to competition for organic carbon. Network analysis indicated that the community structure showed opposite trends for autotrophs and heterotrophs in having either high or low diversity. Despite an abrupt change of temperature, the microbial community as a whole responded in a way that maintained the overall level of diversity and function within and across autotrophic and heterotrophic levels. This is in line with cross-scale resilience theory describing how ecosystems may balance functional overlaps within and functional redundancy between levels in order to be resilient to environmental change (such as temperature).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Sörenson
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Centre of Ecology and Evolution and Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Eric Capo
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Hanna Farnelid
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Centre of Ecology and Evolution and Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Elin Lindehoff
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Centre of Ecology and Evolution and Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Catherine Legrand
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Centre of Ecology and Evolution and Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
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