1
|
Parker CC, Philip VM, Gatti DM, Kasparek S, Kreuzman AM, Kuffler L, Mansky B, Masneuf S, Sharif K, Sluys E, Taterra D, Taylor WM, Thomas M, Polesskaya O, Palmer AA, Holmes A, Chesler EJ. Genome-wide association mapping of ethanol sensitivity in the Diversity Outbred mouse population. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:941-960. [PMID: 35383961 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A strong predictor for the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is altered sensitivity to the intoxicating effects of alcohol. Individual differences in the initial sensitivity to alcohol are controlled in part by genetic factors. Mice offer a powerful tool to elucidate the genetic basis of behavioral and physiological traits relevant to AUD, but conventional experimental crosses have only been able to identify large chromosomal regions rather than specific genes. Genetically diverse, highly recombinant mouse populations make it possible to observe a wider range of phenotypic variation, offer greater mapping precision, and thus increase the potential for efficient gene identification. METHODS We have taken advantage of the Diversity Outbred (DO) mouse population to identify and precisely map quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with ethanol sensitivity. We phenotyped 798 male J:DO mice for three measures of ethanol sensitivity: ataxia, hypothermia, and loss of the righting response. We used high-density MegaMUGA and GigaMUGA to obtain genotypes ranging from 77,808 to 143,259 SNPs. We also performed RNA sequencing in striatum to map expression QTLs and identify gene expression-trait correlations. We then applied a systems genetic strategy to identify narrow QTLs and construct the network of correlations that exists between DNA sequence, gene expression values, and ethanol-related phenotypes to prioritize our list of positional candidate genes. RESULTS We observed large amounts of phenotypic variation with the DO population and identified suggestive and significant QTLs associated with ethanol sensitivity on chromosomes 1, 2, and 16. The implicated regions were narrow (4.5-6.9 Mb in size) and each QTL explained ~4-5% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS Our results can be used to identify alleles that contribute to AUD in humans, elucidate causative biological mechanisms, or assist in the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa C Parker
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
| | - Vivek M Philip
- Center for Computational Sciences, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Daniel M Gatti
- Center for Computational Sciences, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Steven Kasparek
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
| | - Andrew M Kreuzman
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
| | - Lauren Kuffler
- Center for Mammalian Genetics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Benjamin Mansky
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
| | - Sophie Masneuf
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, NIAAA, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kayvon Sharif
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
| | - Erica Sluys
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, NIAAA, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Dominik Taterra
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
| | - Walter M Taylor
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
| | - Mary Thomas
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
| | - Oksana Polesskaya
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Abraham A Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Andrew Holmes
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, NIAAA, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Elissa J Chesler
- Center for Mammalian Genetics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lai D, Johnson EC, Colbert S, Pandey G, Chan G, Bauer L, Francis MW, Hesselbrock V, Kamarajan C, Kramer J, Kuang W, Kuo S, Kuperman S, Liu Y, McCutcheon V, Pang Z, Plawecki MH, Schuckit M, Tischfield J, Wetherill L, Zang Y, Edenberg HJ, Porjesz B, Agrawal A, Foroud T. Evaluating risk for alcohol use disorder: Polygenic risk scores and family history. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:374-383. [PMID: 35267208 PMCID: PMC8928056 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early identification of individuals at high risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) coupled with prompt interventions could reduce the incidence of AUD. In this study, we investigated whether Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) can be used to evaluate the risk for AUD and AUD severity (as measured by the number of DSM-5 AUD diagnostic criteria met) and compared their performance with a measure of family history of AUD. METHODS We studied individuals of European ancestry from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA). DSM-5 diagnostic criteria were available for 7203 individuals, of whom 3451 met criteria for DSM-IV alcohol dependence or DSM-5 AUD and 1616 were alcohol-exposed controls aged ≥21 years with no history of AUD or drug dependence. Further, 4842 individuals had a positive first-degree family history of AUD (FH+), 2722 had an unknown family history (FH?), and 336 had a negative family history (FH-). PRS were derived from a meta-analysis of a genome-wide association study of AUD from the Million Veteran Program and scores from the problem subscale of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test in the UK Biobank. We used mixed models to test the association between PRS and risk for AUD and AUD severity. RESULTS AUD cases had higher PRS than controls with PRS increasing as the number of DSM-5 diagnostic criteria increased (p-values ≤ 1.85E-05 ) in the full COGA sample, the FH+ subsample, and the FH? subsample. Individuals in the top decile of PRS had odds ratios (OR) for developing AUD of 1.96 (95% CI: 1.54 to 2.51, p-value = 7.57E-08 ) and 1.86 (95% CI: 1.35 to 2.56, p-value = 1.32E-04 ) in the full sample and the FH+ subsample, respectively. These values are comparable to previously reported ORs for a first-degree family history (1.91 to 2.38) estimated from national surveys. PRS were also significantly associated with the DSM-5 AUD diagnostic criterion count in the full sample, the FH+ subsample, and the FH? subsample (p-values ≤6.7E-11 ). PRS remained significantly associated with AUD and AUD severity after accounting for a family history of AUD (p-values ≤6.8E-10 ). CONCLUSIONS Both PRS and family history were associated with AUD and AUD severity, indicating that these risk measures assess distinct aspects of liability to AUD traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongbing Lai
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Emma C. Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Sarah Colbert
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Gayathri Pandey
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Grace Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Lance Bauer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Meredith W. Francis
- The Brown School of Social Work, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Victor Hesselbrock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Chella Kamarajan
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - John Kramer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Weipeng Kuang
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Sally Kuo
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Samuel Kuperman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Vivia McCutcheon
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Zhiping Pang
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Martin H. Plawecki
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Marc Schuckit
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego Medical School, San Diego, CA
| | - Jay Tischfield
- Department of Genetics and the Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ
| | - Leah Wetherill
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Yong Zang
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Howard J. Edenberg
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Morris J, Moss A, Albery I, Heather N. The "alcoholic other": Harmful drinkers resist problem recognition to manage identity threat. Addict Behav 2022; 124:107093. [PMID: 34500234 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Harmful drinkers represent an important Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) group in public health terms, accounting for significant health and social costs. However, harmful drinkers are characterized by low problem recognition; they tend to construct their drinking identity as positive and problem-free, actively setting themselves apart from the stigmatised 'alcoholic other'. As such, harmful drinkers rarely engage in treatment and represent an important opportunity for lower threshold interventions and self-change. The present study sought to explore AUD problem framing and stigma effects on problem recognition. METHODS Harmful drinkers without perceived addiction experience recruited online (n = 244, 54% male, 46% female, 96% British) were randomised to one of six conditions comprising beliefs about alcohol problems (control, continuum, binary disease model) and stigma (stigma, non-stigma), and completed measures relating to problem recognition. RESULTS As predicted, results found that harmful drinkers exposed to binary disease model beliefs and stigmatising language had significantly lower problem recognition than those in other conditions. However, no support was found for the prediction that continuum beliefs would be associated with higher problem recognition. Results suggest that the interaction of binary disease model beliefs and stigma prompted alcoholic label avoidance. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that problem framing has important consequences for harmful drinkers. Implications for behaviour change amongst harmful drinkers through mechanisms of problem framing and identity are discussed.
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are conditions in which the use of legal or illegal substances, such as nicotine, alcohol or opioids, results in clinical and functional impairment. SUDs and, more generally, substance use are genetically complex traits that are enormously costly on an individual and societal basis. The past few years have seen remarkable progress in our understanding of the genetics, and therefore the biology, of substance use and abuse. Various studies - including of well-defined phenotypes in deeply phenotyped samples, as well as broadly defined phenotypes in meta-analysis and biobank samples - have revealed multiple risk loci for these common traits. A key emerging insight from this work establishes a biological and genetic distinction between quantity and/or frequency measures of substance use (which may involve low levels of use without dependence), versus symptoms related to physical dependence.
Collapse
|
5
|
Johnson EC, Sanchez-Roige S, Acion L, Adams MJ, Bucholz KK, Chan G, Chao MJ, Chorlian DB, Dick DM, Edenberg HJ, Foroud T, Hayward C, Heron J, Hesselbrock V, Hickman M, Kendler KS, Kinreich S, Kramer J, Kuo SIC, Kuperman S, Lai D, McIntosh AM, Meyers JL, Plawecki MH, Porjesz B, Porteous D, Schuckit MA, Su J, Zang Y, Palmer AA, Agrawal A, Clarke TK, Edwards AC. Polygenic contributions to alcohol use and alcohol use disorders across population-based and clinically ascertained samples. Psychol Med 2021; 51:1147-1156. [PMID: 31955720 PMCID: PMC7405725 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719004045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies suggest that alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders have distinct genetic backgrounds. METHODS We examined whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) for consumption and problem subscales of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C, AUDIT-P) in the UK Biobank (UKB; N = 121 630) correlate with alcohol outcomes in four independent samples: an ascertained cohort, the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA; N = 6850), and population-based cohorts: Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC; N = 5911), Generation Scotland (GS; N = 17 461), and an independent subset of UKB (N = 245 947). Regression models and survival analyses tested whether the PRS were associated with the alcohol-related outcomes. RESULTS In COGA, AUDIT-P PRS was associated with alcohol dependence, AUD symptom count, maximum drinks (R2 = 0.47-0.68%, p = 2.0 × 10-8-1.0 × 10-10), and increased likelihood of onset of alcohol dependence (hazard ratio = 1.15, p = 4.7 × 10-8); AUDIT-C PRS was not an independent predictor of any phenotype. In ALSPAC, the AUDIT-C PRS was associated with alcohol dependence (R2 = 0.96%, p = 4.8 × 10-6). In GS, AUDIT-C PRS was a better predictor of weekly alcohol use (R2 = 0.27%, p = 5.5 × 10-11), while AUDIT-P PRS was more associated with problem drinking (R2 = 0.40%, p = 9.0 × 10-7). Lastly, AUDIT-P PRS was associated with ICD-based alcohol-related disorders in the UKB subset (R2 = 0.18%, p < 2.0 × 10-16). CONCLUSIONS AUDIT-P PRS was associated with a range of alcohol-related phenotypes across population-based and ascertained cohorts, while AUDIT-C PRS showed less utility in the ascertained cohort. We show that AUDIT-P is genetically correlated with both use and misuse and demonstrate the influence of ascertainment schemes on PRS analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma C Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Roige
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Laura Acion
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mark J Adams
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kathleen K Bucholz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Grace Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Michael J Chao
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - David B Chorlian
- Department of Psychiatry, Suny Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Danielle M Dick
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jon Heron
- University of Bristol, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - Victor Hesselbrock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Matthew Hickman
- University of Bristol, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - Kenneth S Kendler
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sivan Kinreich
- Department of Psychiatry, Suny Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - John Kramer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sally I-Chun Kuo
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Samuel Kuperman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Dongbing Lai
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Jacquelyn L Meyers
- Department of Psychiatry, Suny Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Martin H Plawecki
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Department of Psychiatry, Suny Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - David Porteous
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marc A Schuckit
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jinni Su
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Yong Zang
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Abraham A Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Toni-Kim Clarke
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alexis C Edwards
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Corpas M, Megy K, Mistry V, Metastasio A, Lehmann E. Whole Genome Interpretation for a Family of Five. Front Genet 2021; 12:535123. [PMID: 33763108 PMCID: PMC7982663 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.535123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although best practices have emerged on how to analyse and interpret personal genomes, the utility of whole genome screening remains underdeveloped. A large amount of information can be gathered from various types of analyses via whole genome sequencing including pathogenicity screening, genetic risk scoring, fitness, nutrition, and pharmacogenomic analysis. We recognize different levels of confidence when assessing the validity of genetic markers and apply rigorous standards for evaluation of phenotype associations. We illustrate the application of this approach on a family of five. By applying analyses of whole genomes from different methodological perspectives, we are able to build a more comprehensive picture to assist decision making in preventative healthcare and well-being management. Our interpretation and reporting outputs provide input for a clinician to develop a healthcare plan for the individual, based on genetic and other healthcare data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Corpas
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Institute of Continuing Education Madingley Hall Madingley, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karyn Megy
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge & National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Antonio Metastasio
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edmund Lehmann
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Parker CC, Lusk R, Saba LM. Alcohol Sensitivity as an Endophenotype of Alcohol Use Disorder: Exploring Its Translational Utility between Rodents and Humans. Brain Sci 2020; 10:E725. [PMID: 33066036 PMCID: PMC7600833 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10100725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a complex, chronic, relapsing disorder with multiple interacting genetic and environmental influences. Numerous studies have verified the influence of genetics on AUD, yet the underlying biological pathways remain unknown. One strategy to interrogate complex diseases is the use of endophenotypes, which deconstruct current diagnostic categories into component traits that may be more amenable to genetic research. In this review, we explore how an endophenotype such as sensitivity to alcohol can be used in conjunction with rodent models to provide mechanistic insights into AUD. We evaluate three alcohol sensitivity endophenotypes (stimulation, intoxication, and aversion) for their translatability across human and rodent research by examining the underlying neurobiology and its relationship to consumption and AUD. We show examples in which results gleaned from rodents are successfully integrated with information from human studies to gain insight in the genetic underpinnings of AUD and AUD-related endophenotypes. Finally, we identify areas for future translational research that could greatly expand our knowledge of the biological and molecular aspects of the transition to AUD with the broad hope of finding better ways to treat this devastating disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa C. Parker
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT 05753, USA
| | - Ryan Lusk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Laura M. Saba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lai D, Wetherill L, Kapoor M, Johnson EC, Schwandt M, Ramchandani VA, Goldman D, Joslyn G, Rao X, Liu Y, Farris S, Mayfield RD, Dick D, Hesselbrock V, Kramer J, McCutcheon VV, Nurnberger J, Tischfield J, Goate A, Edenberg HJ, Porjesz B, Agrawal A, Foroud T, Schuckit M. Genome-wide association studies of the self-rating of effects of ethanol (SRE). Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12800. [PMID: 31270906 PMCID: PMC6940552 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The level of response (LR) to alcohol as measured with the Self-Report of the Effects of Alcohol Retrospective Questionnaire (SRE) evaluates the number of standard drinks usually required for up to four effects. The need for a higher number of drinks for effects is genetically influenced and predicts higher risks for heavy drinking and alcohol problems. We conducted genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the African-American (COGA-AA, N = 1527 from 309 families) and European-American (COGA-EA, N = 4723 from 956 families) subsamples of the Collaborative Studies on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) for two SRE scores: SRE-T (average of first five times of drinking, the period of heaviest drinking, and the most recent 3 months of consumption) and SRE-5 (the first five times of drinking). We then meta-analyzed the two COGA subsamples (COGA-AA + EA). Both SRE-T and SRE-5 were modestly heritable (h2 : 21%-31%) and genetically correlated with alcohol dependence (AD) and DSM-IV AD criterion count (rg : 0.35-0.76). Genome-wide significant associations were observed (SRE-T: chromosomes 6, rs140154945, COGA-EA P = 3.30E-08 and 11, rs10647170, COGA-AA+EA P = 3.53E-09; SRE-5: chromosome13, rs4770359, COGA-AA P = 2.92E-08). Chromosome 11 was replicated in an EA dataset from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism intramural program. In silico functional analyses and RNA expression analyses suggest that the chromosome 6 locus is an eQTL for KIF25. Polygenic risk scores derived using the COGA SRE-T and SRE-5 GWAS predicted 0.47% to 2.48% of variances in AD and DSM-IV AD criterion count in independent datasets. This study highlights the genetic contribution of alcohol response phenotypes to the etiology of alcohol use disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongbing Lai
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana
University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Leah Wetherill
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana
University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Manav Kapoor
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at
Mt. Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Emma C. Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of
Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Melanie Schwandt
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on
Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD
| | - Vijay A. Ramchandani
- Section on Human Psychopharmacology, Division of
Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and
Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD
| | - David Goldman
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on
Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD
| | - Geoff Joslyn
- Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, Emeryville,
CA
| | - Xi Rao
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana
University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana
University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Sean Farris
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - R. Dayne Mayfield
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Danielle Dick
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth
University, Richmond, VA
| | | | - John Kramer
- Department of Psychiatry, Roy Carver College of
Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Vivia V. McCutcheon
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of
Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - John Nurnberger
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana
University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of
Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Jay Tischfield
- Department of Genetics and the Human Genetics Institute
of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ
| | - Alison Goate
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at
Mt. Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Howard J. Edenberg
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana
University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of
Psychiatry, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn,
NY
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of
Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana
University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Marc Schuckit
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San
Diego Medical School, San Diego, CA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dash GF, Davis CN, Martin NG, Statham DJ, Lynskey MT, Slutske WS. High-Intensity Drinking in Adult Australian Twins. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:522-531. [PMID: 31943258 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many adult drinkers consume far beyond the binge threshold. This "high-intensity drinking" (HID), defined as 2 (HID-2) and 3 (HID-3) times the binge threshold, is of public health interest due to its role in acute alcohol-related harms. Research on HID has mostly been limited to college-aged young adults, focused on contextual factors, and neglected the potential role of genetic influences on the propensity to engage in HID. METHODS Structured diagnostic interviews assessing past-year alcohol involvement were conducted with 3,785 individuals (1,365 men, 2,420 women; Mage = 32, range = 21 to 46), including 3,314 twins and 471 nontwin siblings from the Australian Twin Registry. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to compare HID-2 and HID-3 to binge drinking on demographic correlates, drinking characteristics, and drinking-related consequences. Biometric modeling was conducted to estimate the role of genetic, common, and individual-specific environmental factors in HID propensity. RESULTS Among past-year drinkers, the prevalence of HID-2 and HID-3 was both 22%, with men disproportionally represented. The frequencies of drinking, intoxication, and binge drinking significantly increased across the heavier drinking categories, which also evidenced higher average consumption quantities and higher rates of alcohol-related consequences. The propensity to engage in HID was significantly heritable (A = 37% [95% CI: 28 to 46%]), with individual-specific environmental influences accounting for the remainder of the variance. CONCLUSIONS This study convincingly demonstrates that HID is not restricted to college-aged young adults, but also can be highly prevalent among those of working age, and that the propensity to engage in HID is partially explained by genetic influences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve F Dash
- From the, Department of Psychological Sciences, (GFD, CND, WSS), University of Missouri- Columbia, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Christal N Davis
- From the, Department of Psychological Sciences, (GFD, CND, WSS), University of Missouri- Columbia, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Berghofer, (NGM), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dixie J Statham
- Department of Psychology, (DJS), Federation University, Ballarat, Vic., Australia
| | - Michael T Lynskey
- Department of Addictions, (MTL), King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Wendy S Slutske
- From the, Department of Psychological Sciences, (GFD, CND, WSS), University of Missouri- Columbia, Columbia, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|