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Bradley HS, Craig MD, Tomlinson S, Cross AT, Bamford MJ, Bateman PW. Ecological Considerations When Designing Mitigation Translocations: An Australian Reptile Case Study. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2594. [PMID: 37627385 PMCID: PMC10451732 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Translocation science has made considerable progress over the last two decades; however, reptile translocations still frequently fail around the world. Major knowledge gaps surround the basic ecology of reptile species, including basic factors such as habitat preference, which have a critical influence on translocation success. The western spiny-tailed skink (Egernia stokesii badia) is used here as a case study to exemplify how empirical research can directly inform on-ground management and future translocation planning. A combination of studies, including LiDAR scanning of microhabitat structures, camera trapping, plasticine replica model experiments and unbounded point count surveys to assess predation risk, and visual and DNA analysis of dietary requirements, were all used to better understand the ecological requirements of E. s. badia. We found that the skinks have specific log pile requirements, both native and non-native predator management requirements, and a largely herbivorous, broad diet, which all influence translocation site selection and management planning. The use of E. s. badia as an Australian case study provides a clear strategic framework for the targeted research of meaningful ecological factors that influence translocation decision-making. Similar approaches applied to other reptile species are likely to fundamentally increase the capacity for effective management, and the likelihood of future successful translocations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly S. Bradley
- ARC Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Michael D. Craig
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia (M.J.B.)
- School of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Sean Tomlinson
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia (A.T.C.)
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Adam T. Cross
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia (A.T.C.)
- Ecological Health Network, 1330 Beacon St, Suite 355a, Brookline, MA 02446, USA
| | - Michael J. Bamford
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia (M.J.B.)
- Bamford Consulting Ecologists, 23 Plover Way, Kingsley, WA 6026, Australia
| | - Philip W. Bateman
- Behavioural Ecology Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
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Onley IR, White LC, Moseby KE, Copley P, Cowen S. Disproportionate admixture improves reintroduction outcomes despite the use of low‐diversity source populations: population viability analysis for a translocation of the greater stick‐nest rat. Anim Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. R. Onley
- Australian Centre for Ancient DNA (ACAD), School of Biological Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - L. C. White
- Department of Primatology Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Leipzig Germany
| | - K. E. Moseby
- Centre for Ecosystem Sciences, Earth and Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
| | - P. Copley
- South Australian Department for Environment and Water Adelaide SA Australia
| | - S. Cowen
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions Kensington WA Australia
- School of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia
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Conservation of a flagship species: Health assessment of the pink land iguana, Conolophus marthae. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0257179. [PMID: 35349571 PMCID: PMC8963547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The pink land iguana, Conolophus marthae, is one of four species of iguanas (three terrestrial and one marine) in the Galápagos Islands, and the only one listed as critically endangered by the IUCN. The species can only be found on the north-west slopes of the highest volcano on Isabela Island and was first described to science in 2009. As part of a population telemetry study, a health assessment was authorized by the Galápagos National Park. Wild adult iguanas were captured on Wolf Volcano in September 2019 and April 2021 to record morphological and physiological parameters including body temperature, heart rate, intraocular pressures, tear formation, and infrared iris images. Blood samples were also collected and analyzed. An i-STAT portable blood analyzer was used to obtain values for base excess in the extracellular fluid compartment (BEecf), glucose (Glu), hematocrit (HctPCV), hemoglobin (Hb), ionized calcium (iCa), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), percent oxygen saturation (sO2%), pH, potassium (K), and sodium (Na). When possible, data were compared to previously published and available data for the other Galápagos iguanas. The results reported here provide baseline values that will be useful in detecting changes in health status among pink land iguanas affected by climate change, invasive species, anthropogenic threats, or natural disturbances. The collected data also provide an invaluable resource for conservation scientists planning to implement conservation strategies, like translocations, that may temporarily alter these baseline values.
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Wahle A, Rödder D, Chapple DG, Meiri S, Rauhaus A, Ziegler T. Skinks in Zoos: A global approach on distribution patterns of threatened Scincidae in zoological institutions. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Brown C, Nowakowski AJ, Keung NC, Lawler SP, Todd BD. Untangling multi‐scale habitat relationships of an endangered frog in streams to inform reintroduction programs. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Brown
- Stanislaus National Forest USDA Forest Service 19777 Greenley Road Sonora California 95370 USA
| | - A. Justin Nowakowski
- Working Land and Seascapes Conservation Commons Smithsonian Institution Washington D.C. 20013 USA
- Moore Center for Science Conservation International Arlington Virginia 22202 USA
| | - Neil C. Keung
- Center for Watershed Sciences University of California 425 La Rue Road Davis California 95616 USA
| | - Sharon P. Lawler
- Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California 1 Shields Avenue Davis California 95616 USA
| | - Brian D. Todd
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology University of California 1 Shields Avenue Davis California 95616 USA
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Population Size and Dynamics of the Lima Leaf-Toed Gecko, Phyllodactylus sentosus, in One of Its Last Refuges. J HERPETOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1670/17-079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Bauder JM, Roberts NM, Ruid D, Kohn B, Allen ML. Black bear translocations in response to nuisance behaviour indicate increased effectiveness by translocation distance and landscape context. WILDLIFE RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/wr19161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
ContextTranslocation is a widely used non-lethal tool to mitigate human–wildlife conflicts, particularly for carnivores. Multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors may influence translocation success, yet the influence of release-site landscape context on the success of translocations of wildlife involved in nuisance behaviour is poorly understood. Moreover, few studies of translocated wildlife involved in nuisance behaviour have provided estimates of translocation success under different scenarios.
AimsWe evaluated the role of intrinsic (age, sex) and extrinsic (translocation distance, landscape composition) features on translocation success of American black bears (Ursus americanus) involved in nuisance behaviour and provide spatially explicit predictions of success under different scenarios.
MethodsWe analysed data from 1462 translocations of 1293 bears in Wisconsin, USA, from 1979 to 2016 and evaluated two measures of translocation success: repeated nuisance behaviour and probability of returning to a previous capture location.
Key resultsTranslocation distances ranged from 2 to 235km (mean=57km). Repeated nuisance behaviour was recorded following 13.2% of translocation events (192 of 1457) and was not significantly affected by translocation distance. Bears repeated nuisance behaviour and were recaptured at their previous captures site (i.e. returned) after 64% of translocation events (114 of 178). Return probability decreased with an increasing translocation distance, and yearling bears were less likely to return than were adults. The proportions of agriculture and forest within 75km and 100km respectively, of the release site had positive and negative effects on return probability.
ConclusionsMangers can use bear characteristics and landscape context to improve translocation success. For example, achieving a 10% predicted probability of return would require translocation distances of 49–60km for yearlings in low-agriculture and high-forest landscapes. In contrast, estimated return probability for adults was ≥38% across all translocation distances (0–124km) and almost all landscape contexts.
ImplicationsOur results emphasise the importance of considering the effects of landscape conditions for developing spatially explicit guidelines for maximising translocation success.
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Murphy C, Burnett S, Conroy GC, Howland BWA, Lamont RW, Sumner J, Ogbourne SM. Genetic diversity and structure of the threatened striped legless lizard, Delma impar: management implications for the species and a translocated population. CONSERV GENET 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-018-1127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Establishment of a Self-Sustaining Population of a Long-Lived, Slow-Breeding Gecko Species (Diplodactylidae: Hoplodactylus duvaucelii) Evident 15 Years after Translocation. J HERPETOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1670/15-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Fitzgerald LA, Treglia ML, Angeli N, Hibbitts TJ, Leavitt DJ, Subalusky AL, Lundgren I, Hillis‐Starr Z. Determinants of successful establishment and post‐translocation dispersal of a new population of the critically endangered St. Croix ground lizard (
Ameiva polops
). Restor Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lee A. Fitzgerald
- Biodiversity Research and Teaching Collections, Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843‐2258 U.S.A
- Applied Biodiversity Science Doctoral Program Texas A&M University Room 210, Nagle Hall College Station TX 77843‐2258 U.S.A
| | - Michael L. Treglia
- Biodiversity Research and Teaching Collections, Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843‐2258 U.S.A
- Applied Biodiversity Science Doctoral Program Texas A&M University Room 210, Nagle Hall College Station TX 77843‐2258 U.S.A
- Department of Biological Science The University of Tulsa OH 304, 800 S. Tucker Drive Tulsa OK 74104 U.S.A
| | - Nicole Angeli
- Biodiversity Research and Teaching Collections, Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843‐2258 U.S.A
- Applied Biodiversity Science Doctoral Program Texas A&M University Room 210, Nagle Hall College Station TX 77843‐2258 U.S.A
| | - Toby J. Hibbitts
- Biodiversity Research and Teaching Collections, Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843‐2258 U.S.A
- Institute for Renewable Natural Resources Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843‐2258 U.S.A
| | - Daniel J. Leavitt
- Biodiversity Research and Teaching Collections, Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843‐2258 U.S.A
- Present address: Arizona Game and Fish Department 5000 West Carefree Highway Phoenix AZ 85086 U.S.A
| | - Amanda L. Subalusky
- Biodiversity Research and Teaching Collections, Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843‐2258 U.S.A
- Present address: Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University P. O. Box 208106 New Haven, CT 06520‐8106 U.S.A
| | - Ian Lundgren
- Buck Island Reef National Monument U.S. National Park Service 2100 Church Street #100 Christiansted VI 00820‐4611 U.S.A
| | - Zandy Hillis‐Starr
- Buck Island Reef National Monument U.S. National Park Service 2100 Church Street #100 Christiansted VI 00820‐4611 U.S.A
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