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Song X, Liang J, Lin S, Xie Y, Ke C, Ao D, Lu J, Chen X, He Y, Liu X, Li W. Gut-lung axis and asthma: A historical review on mechanism and future perspective. Clin Transl Allergy 2024; 14:e12356. [PMID: 38687096 PMCID: PMC11060082 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota are closely related to the development and regulation of the host immune system by regulating the maturation of immune cells and the resistance to pathogens, which affects the host immunity. Early use of antibiotics disrupts the homeostasis of gut microbiota and increases the risk of asthma. Gut microbiota actively interact with the host immune system via the gut-lung axis, a bidirectional communication pathway between the gut and lung. The manipulation of gut microbiota through probiotics, helminth therapy, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to combat asthma has become a hot research topic. BODY: This review mainly describes the current immune pathogenesis of asthma, gut microbiota and the role of the gut-lung axis in asthma. Moreover, the potential of manipulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites as a treatment strategy for asthma has been discussed. CONCLUSION The gut-lung axis has a bidirectional effect on asthma. Gut microecology imbalance contributes to asthma through bacterial structural components and metabolites. Asthma, in turn, can also cause intestinal damage through inflammation throughout the body. The manipulation of gut microbiota through probiotics, helminth therapy, and FMT can inform the treatment strategies for asthma by regulating the maturation of immune cells and the resistance to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu‐Ling Song
- Department of PediatricsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Juan Liang
- Department of PediatricsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Shao‐Zhu Lin
- Department of PediatricsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Yu‐Wei Xie
- Department of PediatricsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Chuang‐Hong Ke
- Department of PediatricsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Dang Ao
- Department of PediatricsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of PediatricsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Xue‐Mei Chen
- Department of PediatricsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Ying‐Zhi He
- Department of PediatricsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Xiao‐Hua Liu
- Department of PediatricsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Wen Li
- Department of PediatricsAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
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Losol P, Wolska M, Wypych TP, Yao L, O'Mahony L, Sokolowska M. A cross talk between microbial metabolites and host immunity: Its relevance for allergic diseases. Clin Transl Allergy 2024; 14:e12339. [PMID: 38342758 PMCID: PMC10859320 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic diseases, including respiratory and food allergies, as well as allergic skin conditions have surged in prevalence in recent decades. In allergic diseases, the gut microbiome is dysbiotic, with reduced diversity of beneficial bacteria and increased abundance of potential pathogens. Research findings suggest that the microbiome, which is highly influenced by environmental and dietary factors, plays a central role in the development, progression, and severity of allergic diseases. The microbiome generates metabolites, which can regulate many of the host's cellular metabolic processes and host immune responses. AIMS AND METHODS Our goal is to provide a narrative and comprehensive literature review of the mechanisms through which microbial metabolites regulate host immune function and immune metabolism both in homeostasis and in the context of allergic diseases. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We describe key microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, amino acids, bile acids and polyamines, elucidating their mechanisms of action, cellular targets and their roles in regulating metabolism within innate and adaptive immune cells. Furthermore, we characterize the role of bacterial metabolites in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases including allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis and food allergy. CONCLUSION Future research efforts should focus on investigating the physiological functions of microbiota-derived metabolites to help develop new diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purevsuren Losol
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamKorea
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsSchool of BiomedicineMongolian National University of Medical SciencesUlaanbaatarMongolia
| | - Magdalena Wolska
- Laboratory of Host‐Microbiota InteractionsNencki Institute of Experimental BiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | - Tomasz P. Wypych
- Laboratory of Host‐Microbiota InteractionsNencki Institute of Experimental BiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | - Lu Yao
- APC Microbiome IrelandUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
- Department of MedicineUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
- School of MicrobiologyUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- APC Microbiome IrelandUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
- Department of MedicineUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
- School of MicrobiologyUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF)University of ZurichDavosSwitzerland
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3
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Pałgan K. Mast Cells and Basophils in IgE-Independent Anaphylaxis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12802. [PMID: 37628983 PMCID: PMC10454702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening or even fatal systemic hypersensitivity reaction. The incidence of anaphylaxis has risen at an alarming rate in the past decades in the majority of countries. Generally, the most common causes of severe or fatal anaphylaxis are medication, foods and Hymenoptera venoms. Anaphylactic reactions are characterized by the activation of mast cells and basophils and the release of mediators. These cells express a variety of receptors that enable them to respond to a wide range of stimulants. Most studies of anaphylaxis focus on IgE-dependent reactions. The mast cell has long been regarded as the main effector cell involved in IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. This paper reviews IgE-independent anaphylaxis, with special emphasis on mast cells, basophils, anaphylactic mediators, risk factors, triggers, and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Pałgan
- Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Forde B, Yao L, Shaha R, Murphy S, Lunjani N, O'Mahony L. Immunomodulation by foods and microbes: Unravelling the molecular tango. Allergy 2022; 77:3513-3526. [PMID: 35892227 PMCID: PMC10087875 DOI: 10.1111/all.15455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic health and immune function are intimately connected via diet and the microbiota. Nearly 90% of all immune cells in the body are associated with the gastrointestinal tract and these immune cells are continuously exposed to a wide range of microbes and microbial-derived compounds, with important systemic ramifications. Microbial dysbiosis has consistently been observed in patients with atopic dermatitis, food allergy and asthma and the molecular mechanisms linking changes in microbial populations with disease risk and disease endotypes are being intensively investigated. The discovery of novel bacterial metabolites that impact immune function is at the forefront of host-microbe research. Co-evolution of microbial communities within their hosts has resulted in intertwined metabolic pathways that affect physiological and pathological processes. However, recent dietary and lifestyle changes are thought to negatively influence interactions between microbes and their host. This review provides an overview of some of the critical metabolite-receptor interactions that have been recently described, which may underpin the immunomodulatory effects of the microbiota, and are of relevance for allergy, asthma and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Forde
- APC Microbiome Ireland, UCC, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, UCC, Cork, Ireland
| | - Lu Yao
- APC Microbiome Ireland, UCC, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, UCC, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rupin Shaha
- APC Microbiome Ireland, UCC, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, UCC, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Nonhlanhla Lunjani
- APC Microbiome Ireland, UCC, Cork, Ireland.,University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, UCC, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, UCC, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Medicine, UCC, Cork, Ireland
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5
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Zhou X, Yu W, Dunham DM, Schuetz JP, Blish CA, DeKruyff RH, Nadeau KC. Cytometric analysis reveals an association between allergen-responsive natural killer cells and human peanut allergy. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:157962. [PMID: 36250466 PMCID: PMC9566921 DOI: 10.1172/jci157962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergies are a leading cause of anaphylaxis, and allergen-specific immune responses in both the innate and the adaptive immune system play key roles in its pathogenesis. We conducted a comprehensive phenotypic and functional investigation of immune cell responses from nonallergic (NA) and peanut allergic (PA) participants cultured with media alone or peanut protein and found, surprisingly, that NK cell activation was strongly associated with the immune response to allergen in PA participants. Peanut-responsive NK cells manifested a distinct expression pattern in PA participants compared with NA participants. Allergen-activated NK cells expressed both Th2 and immune regulatory cytokines, hinting at a potential functional role in mediating and regulating the Th2 allergic response. Depletion of CD3+ T cells attenuated the response of NK cells to peanut-allergen stimulation, suggesting that peanut-responsive NK cells are T cell dependent. We also showed that oral immune therapy was associated with decreased NK responses to peanut allergen stimulation in vitro. These results demonstrate that NK cells are associated with the food-allergic immune response, and the magnitude of this mobilized cell population suggests that they play a functional role in allergic immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhou
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Wong Yu
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Diane M. Dunham
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jackson P. Schuetz
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Catherine A. Blish
- Program in Immunology and Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Rosemarie H. DeKruyff
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kari C. Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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6
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Komlósi ZI, van de Veen W, Kovács N, Szűcs G, Sokolowska M, O'Mahony L, Akdis M, Akdis CA. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of allergic asthma. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 85:100995. [PMID: 34364680 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways, which affects more than 350 million people worldwide. It is the most common chronic disease in children, affecting at least 30 million children and young adults in Europe. Asthma is a complex, partially heritable disease with a marked heterogeneity. Its development is influenced both by genetic and environmental factors. The most common, as well as the most well characterized subtype of asthma is allergic eosinophilic asthma, which is characterized by a type 2 airway inflammation. The prevalence of asthma has substantially increased in industrialized countries during the last 60 years. The mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon are incompletely understood, however increased exposure to various environmental pollutants probably plays a role. Disease inception is thought to be enabled by a disadvantageous shift in the balance between protective and harmful lifestyle and environmental factors, including exposure to protective commensal microbes versus infection with pathogens, collectively leading to airway epithelial cell damage and disrupted barrier integrity. Epithelial cell-derived cytokines are one of the main drivers of the type 2 immune response against innocuous allergens, ultimately leading to infiltration of lung tissue with type 2 T helper (TH2) cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), M2 macrophages and eosinophils. This review outlines the mechanisms responsible for the orchestration of type 2 inflammation and summarizes the novel findings, including but not limited to dysregulated epithelial barrier integrity, alarmin release and innate lymphoid cell stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt I Komlósi
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Sqr. 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Willem van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Hermann-Burchard Strasse 9, CH7265, Davos Wolfgand, Switzerland; Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Nóra Kovács
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Sqr. 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary; Lung Health Hospital, Munkácsy Mihály Str. 70, 2045, Törökbálint, Hungary
| | - Gergő Szűcs
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Sqr. 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő Str. 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Hermann-Burchard Strasse 9, CH7265, Davos Wolfgand, Switzerland; Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Department of Medicine and School of Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Hermann-Burchard Strasse 9, CH7265, Davos Wolfgand, Switzerland; Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Hermann-Burchard Strasse 9, CH7265, Davos Wolfgand, Switzerland; Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
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7
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van der Sande LJTM, Jöbsis Q, Bannier MAGE, van de Garde EMW, Coremans JJM, de Vries F, Dompeling E, Driessen JHM. The risk of community-acquired pneumonia in children using gastric acid suppressants. Eur Respir J 2021; 58:13993003.03229-2020. [PMID: 33737412 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03229-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increased use of acid suppressants, significant potential complications such as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are becoming more apparent. Paradoxically, in spite of an increased focus on potential complications, there is an increased use of acid suppressants in children and a lack of data specifically targeting the association between acid suppressants and CAP. Our main objective was to evaluate the risk of CAP in children using acid suppressants (proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and/or histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs)). METHODS We performed a cohort study using data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. All patients aged 1 month to 18 years with a prescription of acid suppressants were included and matched to up to four unexposed children. Time-varying Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risk of CAP. The cohort consisted of 84 868 exposed and 325 329 unexposed children. RESULTS Current use of PPIs and H2RAs was associated with an increased risk of CAP (adjusted hazard ratio 2.05 (95% CI 1.90-2.22) and 1.80 (95% CI 1.67-1.94), respectively). The risk was even greater in patients with respiratory disease. Long-term use (≥211 days) of PPIs and H2RAs led to a significantly greater risk of CAP compared with short-term use (<31 days). After cessation of therapy, the risk remained increased for the following 7 months. CONCLUSION The use of acid suppressants in children was associated with a doubled risk of CAP. This risk increased with chronic use and respiratory disease, and remained increased after discontinuation of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J T M van der Sande
- Dept of Pediatric Pulmonology, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Quirijn Jöbsis
- Dept of Pediatric Pulmonology, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel A G E Bannier
- Dept of Pediatric Pulmonology, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ewoudt M W van de Garde
- Dept of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan J M Coremans
- Dept of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank de Vries
- Dept of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Dept of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Edward Dompeling
- Dept of Pediatric Pulmonology, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands.,E. Dompeling and J.H.M. Driessen are joint senior authors
| | - Johanna H M Driessen
- Dept of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Dept of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,E. Dompeling and J.H.M. Driessen are joint senior authors
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8
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de Lima Moreira M, Souter MNT, Chen Z, Loh L, McCluskey J, Pellicci DG, Eckle SBG. Hypersensitivities following allergen antigen recognition by unconventional T cells. Allergy 2020; 75:2477-2490. [PMID: 32181878 PMCID: PMC11056244 DOI: 10.1111/all.14279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Conventional T cells recognise protein-derived antigens in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ia and class II molecules and provide anti-microbial and anti-tumour immunity. Conventional T cells have also been implicated in type IV (also termed delayed-type or T cell-mediated) hypersensitivity reactions in response to protein-derived allergen antigens. In addition to conventional T cells, subsets of unconventional T cells exist, which recognise non-protein antigens in the context of monomorphic MHC class I-like molecules. These include T cells that are restricted to the cluster of differentiation 1 (CD1) family members, known as CD1-restricted T cells, and mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT cells) that are restricted to the MHC-related protein 1 (MR1). Compared with conventional T cells, much less is known about the immune functions of unconventional T cells and their role in hypersensitivities. Here, we review allergen antigen presentation by MHC-I-like molecules, their recognition by unconventional T cells, and the potential role of unconventional T cells in hypersensitivities. We also speculate on possible scenarios of allergen antigen presentation by MHC-I-like molecules to unconventional T cells, the hallmarks of such responses, and the expected frequencies of hypersensitivities within the human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela de Lima Moreira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Michael N. T. Souter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Zhenjun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Liyen Loh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | | | - Sidonia B. G. Eckle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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9
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Eldanasory OA, Eljaaly K, Memish ZA, Al-Tawfiq JA. Histamine release theory and roles of antihistamine in the treatment of cytokines storm of COVID-19. Travel Med Infect Dis 2020; 37:101874. [PMID: 32891724 PMCID: PMC7470786 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Khalid Eljaaly
- Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ziad A Memish
- King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq
- Specialty Internal Medicine and Quality Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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10
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Sugita K, Soyka MB, Wawrzyniak P, Rinaldi AO, Mitamura Y, Akdis M, Akdis CA. Outside-in hypothesis revisited: The role of microbial, epithelial, and immune interactions. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 125:517-527. [PMID: 32454094 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our understanding of the origin of allergic diseases has increased in recent years, highlighting the importance of microbial dysbiosis and epithelial barrier dysfunction in affected tissues. Exploring the microbial-epithelial-immune crosstalk underlying the mechanisms of allergic diseases will allow the development of novel prevention and treatment strategies for allergic diseases. DATA SOURCES This review summarizes the recent advances in microbial, epithelial, and immune interactions in atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma. STUDY SELECTIONS We performed a literature search, identifying relevant recent primary articles and review articles. RESULTS Dynamic crosstalk between the environmental factors and microbial, epithelial, and immune cells in the development of atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma underlies the pathogenesis of these diseases. There is substantial evidence in the literature suggesting that environmental factors directly affect barrier function of the epithelium. In addition, T-helper 2 (TH2) cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells, and their cytokine interleukin 13 (IL-13) damage skin and lung barriers. The effects of environmental factors may at least in part be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. Histone deacetylase activation by type 2 immune response has a major effect on leaky barriers and blocking of histone deacetylase activity corrects the defective barrier in human air-liquid interface cultures and mouse models of allergic asthma with rhinitis. We also present and discuss a novel device to detect and monitor skin barrier dysfunction, which provides an opportunity to rapidly and robustly assess disease severity. CONCLUSION A complex interplay between environmental factors, epithelium, and the immune system is involved in the development of systemic allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Sugita
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
| | - Michael B Soyka
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paulina Wawrzyniak
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arturo O Rinaldi
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yasutaka Mitamura
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
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11
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Alvaro-Lozano M, Akdis CA, Akdis M, Alviani C, Angier E, Arasi S, Arzt-Gradwohl L, Barber D, Bazire R, Cavkaytar O, Comberiati P, Dramburg S, Durham SR, Eifan AO, Forchert L, Halken S, Kirtland M, Kucuksezer UC, Layhadi JA, Matricardi PM, Muraro A, Ozdemir C, Pajno GB, Pfaar O, Potapova E, Riggioni C, Roberts G, Rodríguez Del Río P, Shamji MH, Sturm GJ, Vazquez-Ortiz M. EAACI Allergen Immunotherapy User's Guide. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2020; 31 Suppl 25:1-101. [PMID: 32436290 PMCID: PMC7317851 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Allergen immunotherapy is a cornerstone in the treatment of allergic children. The clinical efficiency relies on a well-defined immunologic mechanism promoting regulatory T cells and downplaying the immune response induced by allergens. Clinical indications have been well documented for respiratory allergy in the presence of rhinitis and/or allergic asthma, to pollens and dust mites. Patients who have had an anaphylactic reaction to hymenoptera venom are also good candidates for allergen immunotherapy. Administration of allergen is currently mostly either by subcutaneous injections or by sublingual administration. Both methods have been extensively studied and have pros and cons. Specifically in children, the choice of the method of administration according to the patient's profile is important. Although allergen immunotherapy is widely used, there is a need for improvement. More particularly, biomarkers for prediction of the success of the treatments are needed. The strength and efficiency of the immune response may also be boosted by the use of better adjuvants. Finally, novel formulations might be more efficient and might improve the patient's adherence to the treatment. This user's guide reviews current knowledge and aims to provide clinical guidance to healthcare professionals taking care of children undergoing allergen immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cherry Alviani
- The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight, UK.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences and Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Elisabeth Angier
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Stefania Arasi
- Pediatric Allergology Unit, Department of Pediatric Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's research Hospital (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Lisa Arzt-Gradwohl
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Domingo Barber
- School of Medicine, Institute for Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain.,RETIC ARADYAL RD16/0006/0015, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raphaëlle Bazire
- Allergy Department, Hospital Infantil Niño Jesús, ARADyAL RD16/0006/0026, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ozlem Cavkaytar
- Department of Paediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pasquale Comberiati
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Paediatrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stephanie Dramburg
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephen R Durham
- Immunomodulation and Tolerance Group; Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Section of Inflammation, Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,the MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
| | - Aarif O Eifan
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London and Royal Brompton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Leandra Forchert
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Halken
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Max Kirtland
- Immunomodulation and Tolerance Group, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Inflammation, Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Umut C Kucuksezer
- Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Immunology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Janice A Layhadi
- Immunomodulation and Tolerance Group; Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Section of Inflammation, Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,the MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK.,Immunomodulation and Tolerance Group, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Inflammation, Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Maria Matricardi
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonella Muraro
- The Referral Centre for Food Allergy Diagnosis and Treatment Veneto Region, Department of Women and Child Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Cevdet Ozdemir
- Institute of Child Health, Department of Pediatric Basic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Oliver Pfaar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Rhinology and Allergy, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Potapova
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carmen Riggioni
- Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology Service, Institut de Reserca Sant Joan de Deú, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Graham Roberts
- The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.,Paediatric Allergy and Respiratory Medicine (MP803), Clinical & Experimental Sciences & Human Development in Health Academic Units University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine & University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Mohamed H Shamji
- Immunomodulation and Tolerance Group; Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Section of Inflammation, Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,the MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
| | - Gunter J Sturm
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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12
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Kytikova OY, Perelman JM, Novgorodtseva TP, Denisenko YK, Kolosov VP, Antonyuk MV, Gvozdenko TA. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors as a Therapeutic Target in Asthma. PPAR Res 2020; 2020:8906968. [PMID: 32395125 PMCID: PMC7201810 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8906968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of chronic inflammation in asthma determines its heterogeneity and insufficient treatment effectiveness. Nuclear transcription factors, which include peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, that is, PPARs, play an important role in the regulation of initiation and resolution of the inflammatory process. The ability of PPARs to modulate not only lipid homeostasis but also the activity of the inflammatory response makes them an important pathogenetic target in asthma therapy. At present, special attention is focused on natural (polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), endocannabinoids, and eicosanoids) and synthetic (fibrates, thiazolidinediones) PPAR ligands and the study of signaling mechanisms involved in the implementation of their anti-inflammatory effects in asthma. This review summarizes current views on the structure and function of PPARs, as well as their participation in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation in asthma. The potential use of PPAR ligands as therapeutic agents for treating asthma is under discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Yu. Kytikova
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Juliy M. Perelman
- Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Russian Academy of Sciences, Blagoveshchensk, Russia
| | - Tatyana P. Novgorodtseva
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Yulia K. Denisenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Viktor P. Kolosov
- Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Russian Academy of Sciences, Blagoveshchensk, Russia
| | - Marina V. Antonyuk
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Tatyana A. Gvozdenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
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13
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Michalovich D, Rodriguez-Perez N, Smolinska S, Pirozynski M, Mayhew D, Uddin S, Van Horn S, Sokolowska M, Altunbulakli C, Eljaszewicz A, Pugin B, Barcik W, Kurnik-Lucka M, Saunders KA, Simpson KD, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Ferstl R, Frei R, Sievi N, Kohler M, Gajdanowicz P, Graversen KB, Lindholm Bøgh K, Jutel M, Brown JR, Akdis CA, Hessel EM, O'Mahony L. Obesity and disease severity magnify disturbed microbiome-immune interactions in asthma patients. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5711. [PMID: 31836714 PMCID: PMC6911092 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13751-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to improve targeted therapeutic approaches for asthma patients, insights into the molecular mechanisms that differentially contribute to disease phenotypes, such as obese asthmatics or severe asthmatics, are required. Here we report immunological and microbiome alterations in obese asthmatics (n = 50, mean age = 45), non-obese asthmatics (n = 53, mean age = 40), obese non-asthmatics (n = 51, mean age = 44) and their healthy counterparts (n = 48, mean age = 39). Obesity is associated with elevated proinflammatory signatures, which are enhanced in the presence of asthma. Similarly, obesity or asthma induced changes in the composition of the microbiota, while an additive effect is observed in obese asthma patients. Asthma disease severity is negatively correlated with fecal Akkermansia muciniphila levels. Administration of A. muciniphila to murine models significantly reduces airway hyper-reactivity and airway inflammation. Changes in immunological processes and microbiota composition are accentuated in obese asthma patients due to the additive effects of both disease states, while A. muciniphila may play a non-redundant role in patients with a severe asthma phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noelia Rodriguez-Perez
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Sylwia Smolinska
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.,ALL-MED' Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Michal Pirozynski
- Department of Allergology and Pulmonology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - David Mayhew
- Computational Biology, Human Genetics, GSK R&D, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Sorif Uddin
- Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, GSK R&D, Stevenage, UK.,Boehringer Ingelheim, 88397, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Stephanie Van Horn
- Target and Pathway Validation, Target Sciences, GSK R&D, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Can Altunbulakli
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Andrzej Eljaszewicz
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Benoit Pugin
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Weronika Barcik
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Ferstl
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Remo Frei
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Noriane Sievi
- Pulmonary Division, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Malcolm Kohler
- Pulmonary Division, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pawel Gajdanowicz
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.,ALL-MED' Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katrine B Graversen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.,ALL-MED' Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - James R Brown
- Computational Biology, Human Genetics, GSK R&D, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Liam O'Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland. .,Depts of Medicine and Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland.
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14
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Breiteneder H, Diamant Z, Eiwegger T, Fokkens WJ, Traidl‐Hoffmann C, Nadeau K, O’Hehir RE, O’Mahony L, Pfaar O, Torres MJ, Wang DY, Zhang L, Akdis CA. Future research trends in understanding the mechanisms underlying allergic diseases for improved patient care. Allergy 2019; 74:2293-2311. [PMID: 31056763 PMCID: PMC6973012 DOI: 10.1111/all.13851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The specialties of allergy and clinical immunology have entered the era of precision medicine with the stratification of diseases into distinct disease subsets, specific diagnoses, and targeted treatment options, including biologicals and small molecules. This article reviews recent developments in research and patient care and future trends in the discipline. The section on basic mechanisms of allergic diseases summarizes the current status and defines research needs in structural biology, type 2 inflammation, immune tolerance, neuroimmune mechanisms, role of the microbiome and diet, environmental factors, and respiratory viral infections. In the section on diagnostic challenges, clinical trials, precision medicine and immune monitoring of allergic diseases, asthma, allergic and nonallergic rhinitis, and new approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of drug hypersensitivity reactions are discussed in further detail. In the third section, unmet needs and future research areas for the treatment of allergic diseases are highlighted with topics on food allergy, biologics, small molecules, and novel therapeutic concepts in allergen‐specific immunotherapy for airway disease. Unknowns and future research needs are discussed at the end of each subsection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heimo Breiteneder
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Zuzana Diamant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Institute for Clinical Science, Skane University Hospital Lund University Lund Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and Thomayer Hospital Prague Czech Republic
| | - Thomas Eiwegger
- Division of Immunology and Allergy Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program The Department of Pediatrics The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
- Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Translational Medicine Program Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Immunology The University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Wytske J. Fokkens
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Location AMC Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Traidl‐Hoffmann
- Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine UNIKA‐T, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München Augsburg Germany
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy & Asthma Research Stanford University Stanford California
| | - Robyn E. O’Hehir
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology Service Alfred Health Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Liam O’Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland National University of Ireland Cork Ireland
| | - Oliver Pfaar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Rhinology and Allergy University Hospital Marburg, Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Maria J. Torres
- Allergy Unit Regional University Hospital of MalagaIBIMA‐UMA‐ARADyAL Malaga Spain
| | - De Yun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Allergy Beijing Tongren Hospital Beijing China
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University Zurich Davos Switzerland
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15
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Abstract
The molecular and cellular mechanisms of allergen tolerance in humans have been intensively studied in the past few decades. The demonstration of epitope-specific T cell tolerance, particularly mediated by the immune suppressor functions of IL-10 led to a major conceptual change in this area more than 20 years ago. Currently, the known essential components of allergen tolerance include the induction of allergen-specific regulatory of T and B cells, the immune suppressive function of secreted factors, such as IL-10, IL-35, IL-1 receptor antagonist and TGF-β, immune suppressive functions of surface molecules such as CTLA-4 and PD-1, the production IgG4 isotype allergen-specific blocking antibodies, and decreased allergic inflammatory responses by mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils in inflamed tissues. In this review, we explain the importance of the role of IL-10 in allergen tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadech Boonpiyathad
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pattraporn Satitsuksanoa
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.
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16
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Komlósi ZI, Kovács N, Sokolowska M, van de Veen W, Akdis M, Akdis CA. Mechanisms of Subcutaneous and Sublingual Aeroallergen Immunotherapy: What Is New? Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2020; 40:1-14. [PMID: 31761112 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is considered to be the only treatment option with the promise of healing and induction of long-lasting allergen tolerance, persisting even after discontinuation of therapy. Despite a more than 100-year-long history, still only a minority of patients are being treated with AIT. Substantial developments took place in the last decade to overcome problems in standardization, efficacy, safety, high costs, long duration of treatment; and new guidelines have also been implemented. Major advancements in the understanding of AIT mechanisms with the focus on recent findings of subcutaneous and sublingual AIT have been summarized.
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17
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Venter C, Meyer RW, Nwaru BI, Roduit C, Untersmayr E, Adel‐Patient K, Agache I, Agostoni C, Akdis CA, Bischoff S, du Toit G, Feeney M, Frei R, Garn H, Greenhawt M, Hoffmann‐Sommergruber K, Lunjani N, Maslin K, Mills C, Muraro A, Pali I, Poulson L, Reese I, Renz H, Roberts GC, Smith P, Smolinska S, Sokolowska M, Stanton C, Vlieg‐Boerstra B, O'Mahony L. EAACI position paper: Influence of dietary fatty acids on asthma, food allergy, and atopic dermatitis. Allergy 2019; 74:1429-1444. [PMID: 31032983 DOI: 10.1111/all.13764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergy, and atopic dermatitis has increased dramatically during the last decades, which is associated with altered environmental exposures and lifestyle practices. The purpose of this review was to highlight the potential role for dietary fatty acids, in the prevention and management of these disorders. In addition to their nutritive value, fatty acids have important immunoregulatory effects. Fatty acid-associated biological mechanisms, human epidemiology, and intervention studies are summarized in this review. The influence of genetics and the microbiome on fatty acid metabolism is also discussed. Despite critical gaps in our current knowledge, it is increasingly apparent that dietary intake of fatty acids may influence the development of inflammatory and tolerogenic immune responses. However, the lack of standardized formats (ie, food versus supplement) and standardized doses, and frequently a lack of prestudy serum fatty acid level assessments in clinical studies significantly limit our ability to compare allergy outcomes across studies and to provide clear recommendations at this time. Future studies must address these limitations and individualized medical approaches should consider the inclusion of specific dietary factors for the prevention and management of asthma, food allergy, and atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Venter
- Section of Allergy and Immunology University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado Colorado
| | | | - Bright I. Nwaru
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Caroline Roduit
- University Children's Hospital Zurich Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - Eva Untersmayr
- Institute for Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Karine Adel‐Patient
- Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, Laboratoire d'Immuno‐Allergie Alimentaire (LIAA) INRA, CEA, Université Paris Saclay Gif sur Yvette Cedex France
| | | | - Carlo Agostoni
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda ‐ Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunita Universita' degli Studi Milano Italy
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bischoff
- Institut für Ernährungsmedizin Universität Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany
| | - George du Toit
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Department of Paediatric Allergy King's College London London UK
- Guy's & St Thomas' Hospital London UK
| | - Mary Feeney
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Department of Paediatric Allergy King's College London London UK
- Guy's & St Thomas' Hospital London UK
| | - Remo Frei
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Holger Garn
- Center for Tumor‐ and Immunobiology (ZTI), Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry Philipps University of Marburg ‐ Medical Faculty Marburg Germany
| | - Matthew Greenhawt
- School of Medicine, Section of Allergy and Immunology Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Aurora Colorado
| | - Karin Hoffmann‐Sommergruber
- Institute for Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Nonhlanhla Lunjani
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - Kate Maslin
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit University of Southampton Southampton UK
| | - Clare Mills
- School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Antonella Muraro
- Centro di Specializzazione Regionale per lo Studio e la Cura delle Allergie e delle Intolleranze Alimentari presso l'Azienda Ospedaliera Università di Padova Padova Italy
| | - Isabella Pali
- Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Lars Poulson
- Allergy Clinic, Dept. of Skin and Allergy Diseases Copenhagen University Hospital at Gentofte Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Imke Reese
- Dietary Counseling and Nutrition Therapy Centre Munich Germany
| | - Harald Renz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL) Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Graham C. Roberts
- The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre St Mary's Hospital Newport UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust Southampton UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinical and Experimental Sciences and Human Development in Health Academic Units University of Southampton Southampton UK
| | - Peter Smith
- School of Medicine Griffith University Southport Australia
| | - Sylwia Smolinska
- Department of Clinical Immunology Wroclaw Medical University Wroclaw Poland
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | | | | | - Liam O'Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Depts of Medicine and Microbiology APC Microbiome Ireland, National University of Ireland Cork Ireland
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18
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Jordakieva G, Kundi M, Untersmayr E, Pali-Schöll I, Reichardt B, Jensen-Jarolim E. Country-wide medical records infer increased allergy risk of gastric acid inhibition. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3298. [PMID: 31363098 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10914-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric acid suppression promotes allergy in mechanistic animal experiments and observational human studies, but whether gastric acid inhibitors increase allergy incidence at a population level remains uncharacterized. Here we aim to assess the use of anti-allergic medication following prescription of gastric acid inhibitors. We analyze data from health insurance records covering 97% of Austrian population between 2009 and 2013 on prescriptions of gastric acid inhibitors, anti-allergic drugs, or other commonly prescribed (lipid-modifying and antihypertensive) drugs as controls. Here we show that rate ratios for anti-allergic following gastric acid-inhibiting drug prescriptions are 1.96 (95%CI:1.95–1.97) and 3.07 (95%-CI:2.89–3.27) in an overall and regional Austrian dataset. These findings are more prominent in women and occur for all assessed gastric acid-inhibiting substances. Rate ratios increase from 1.47 (95%CI:1.45–1.49) in subjects <20 years, to 5.20 (95%-CI:5.15–5.25) in > 60 year olds. We report an epidemiologic relationship between gastric acid-suppression and development of allergic symptoms. Gastric acid inhibitors promote experimental allergy in animals, and have been linked to allergy risk in observational human studies. Here the authors show in a country-wide medical record analysis that allergy development risk is doubled in gastric acid inhibitor users, and is higher in women and in older age.
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Kucher AN. Association of Polymorphic Variants of Key Histamine Metabolism Genes and Histamine Receptor Genes with Multifactorial Diseases. RUSS J GENET+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s102279541907010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Mandola A, Nozawa A, Eiwegger T. Histamine, histamine receptors, and anti-histamines in the context of allergic responses. LymphoSign Journal 2019; 6:35-51. [DOI: 10.14785/lymphosign-2018-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Histamine is a bioactive amine which is considered a key player in the allergic response. Thus, histamine receptor blockers (antihistamines) play an important role in the treatment of a number atopic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and acute and chronic forms of urticaria. Histamine is produced by immune cells but also by bacteria in the gut. Beyond its role in the acute allergic response, histamine exerts numerous effects by binding to its 4 pleiotropic G-protein coupled histamine receptors. Here, we describe the roles of these histamine receptors and antihistamines in the human system, clinical applications, side effects, and novel concepts for the usage of antihistamines with different specificity based on guidelines and recommendations. Statement of novelty: This review provides an overview of histamine receptors and links it to clinical relevance of antagonizing their action in clinical routine.
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Abstract
Mast cells and their mediators have been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma and allergy for decades. Allergic asthma is a complex chronic lung disease in which several different immune cells, genetic factors and environmental exposures influence the pathology. Mast cells are key players in the asthmatic response through secretion of a multitude of mediators with pro-inflammatory and airway-constrictive effects. Well-known mast cell mediators, such as histamine and bioactive lipids are responsible for many of the physiological effects observed in the acute phase of allergic reactions. The accumulation of mast cells at particular sites of the allergic lung is likely relevant to the asthma phenotype, severity and progression. Mast cells located in different compartments in the lung and airways have different characteristics and express different mediators. According to in vivo experiments in mice, lung mast cells develop from mast cell progenitors induced by inflammatory stimuli to migrate to the airways. Human mast cell progenitors have been identified in the blood circulation. A high frequency of circulating human mast cell progenitors may reflect ongoing pathological changes in the allergic lung. In allergic asthma, mast cells become activated mainly via IgE-mediated crosslinking of the high affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI) with allergens. However, mast cells can also be activated by numerous other stimuli e.g. toll-like receptors and MAS-related G protein-coupled receptor X2. In this review, we summarize research with implications on the role and development of mast cells and their progenitors in allergic asthma and cover selected activation pathways and mast cell mediators that have been implicated in the pathogenesis. The review places an emphasis on describing mechanisms identified using in vivo mouse models and data obtained by analysis of clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Méndez-Enríquez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jenny Hallgren
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Barcik W, Pugin B, Brescó MS, Westermann P, Rinaldi A, Groeger D, Van Elst D, Sokolowska M, Krawczyk K, Frei R, Ferstl R, Wawrzyniak M, Altunbulakli C, Akdis CA, O'Mahony L. Bacterial secretion of histamine within the gut influences immune responses within the lung. Allergy 2019; 74:899-909. [PMID: 30589936 DOI: 10.1111/all.13709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histamine is an important immunomodulator influencing both the innate and adaptive immune system. Certain host cells express the histidine decarboxylase enzyme (HDC), which is responsible for catalysing the decarboxylation of histidine to histamine. We and others have shown that bacterial strains can also express HDC and secrete histamine; however, the influence of bacterial-derived histamine on the host immune responses distant to the gut is unclear. METHODS The Escherichia coli BL21 (E coli BL21) strain was genetically modified to express the Morganella morganii (M morganii)-derived HDC gene (E coli BL21_HTW). E coli BL21 and E coli BL21_HTW were gavaged to ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized and challenged mice to investigate the effect of bacterial-derived histamine on lung inflammatory responses. RESULTS Oral administration of E coli BL21_HTW, which is able to secrete histamine, to wild-type mice reduced lung eosinophilia and suppressed ex vivo OVA-stimulated cytokine secretion from lung cells in the OVA respiratory inflammation mouse model. In histamine receptor 2 (H2R)-deficient mice, administration of histamine-secreting bacteria also reduced inflammatory cell numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). However, the suppressive effect of bacterial-derived histamine on BAL inflammation was lost in HDC-deficient mice. This loss of activity was associated with increased expression of histamine degrading enzymes and reduced histamine receptor expression. CONCLUSION Histamine secretion from bacteria within the gut can have immunological consequences at distant mucosal sites, such as within the lung. These effects are influenced by host histamine receptor expression and the expression of histamine degrading enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Barcik
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Benoit Pugin
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Marina Sabaté Brescó
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Patrick Westermann
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Arturo Rinaldi
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - David Groeger
- Alimentary Health Pharma Davos (AHPD) Davos Switzerland
| | - Dries Van Elst
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - Krzysztof Krawczyk
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Remo Frei
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - Ruth Ferstl
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - Marcin Wawrzyniak
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Can Altunbulakli
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology APC Microbiome Ireland National University of Ireland Cork Ireland
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Yamauchi K, Ogasawara M. The Role of Histamine in the Pathophysiology of Asthma and the Clinical Efficacy of Antihistamines in Asthma Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071733. [PMID: 30965592 PMCID: PMC6480561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Histamine is a central mediator released from mast cells through allergic reactions. Histamine plays a role in airway obstruction via smooth muscle contraction, bronchial secretion, and airway mucosal edema. However, previous clinical trials of H1 receptor antagonists (H1RAs) as a treatment for asthma were not successful. In recent years, type 2 innate immunity has been demonstrated to be involved in allergic airway inflammation. Allergic asthma is defined by IgE antibody-mediated mast cell degranulation, while group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) induce eosinophilic inflammation in nonallergic asthma without allergen-specific IgE. Anti-IgE therapy has demonstrated prominent efficacy in the treatment of severe allergic asthmatics sensitized with specific perennial allergens. Furthermore, recent trials of specific cytokine antagonists indicated that these antagonists were effective in only some subtypes of asthma. Accordingly, H1RAs may show significant clinical efficacy for some subtypes of allergic asthma in which histamine is deeply associated with the pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Yamauchi
- Division of Respirology, Department of Internal Medicine, Takizawa Central Hospital, Takizawa 020-0664, Japan.
| | - Masahito Ogasawara
- Division of Bioregulatory Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Iwate Medical University, Morioka 028-3694, Japan.
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Abstract
A rapidly developing paradigm for modern health care is a proactive and individualized response to patients' symptoms, combining precision diagnosis and personalized treatment. Precision medicine is becoming an overarching medical discipline that will require a better understanding of biomarkers, phenotypes, endotypes, genotypes, regiotypes, and theratypes of diseases. The 100-year-old personalized allergen-specific management of allergic diseases has particularly contributed to early awareness in precision medicine. Polyomics, big data, and systems biology have demonstrated a profound complexity and dynamic variability in allergic disease between individuals, as well as between regions. Escalating health care costs together with questionable efficacy of the current management of allergic diseases facilitated the emergence of the endotype-driven approach. We describe here a precision medicine approach that stratifies patients based on disease mechanisms to optimize management of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Agache
- Transylvania University, Faculty of Medicine, Brasov, Romania
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne – Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
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Jafarzadeh A, Nemati M, Khorramdelazad H, Hassan ZM. Immunomodulatory properties of cimetidine: Its therapeutic potentials for treatment of immune-related diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 70:156-166. [PMID: 30802678 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Histamine exerts potent modulatory impacts on the cells of innate- [including neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells and NKT cells] and adaptive immunity (such as Th1-, Th2-, Th17-, regulatory T-, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, and B cells) through binding to histamine receptor 2 (H2R). Cimetidine, as an H2R antagonist, reverses the histamine-mediated immunosuppression, as it has powerful stimulatory effects on the effector functions of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, DCs, NK cells, NKT cells, Th1-, Th2-, Th17-, and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. However, cimetidine reduces the regulatory/suppressor T cell-mediated immunosuppression. Experimentally, cimetidine potentiate some immunologic activities in vitro and in vivo. The therapeutic potentials of cimetidine as an immunomodulatory agent were also investigated in a number of human diseases (such as cancers, viral warts, allergic disorders, burn, and bone resorption) and vaccination. This review aimed to provide a concise summary regarding the impacts of cimetidine on the immune system and highlight the cellular mechanisms of action and the immunomodulatory effects of this drug in various diseases to give novel insights regarding the therapeutic potentials of this drug for treatment of immune-related disorders. The review encourages more investigations to consider the immunomodulatory characteristic of cimetidine for managing of immune-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hossain Khorramdelazad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Lunjani N, Satitsuksanoa P, Lukasik Z, Sokolowska M, Eiwegger T, O'Mahony L. Recent developments and highlights in mechanisms of allergic diseases: Microbiome. Allergy 2018; 73:2314-2327. [PMID: 30325537 DOI: 10.1111/all.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
All body surfaces are exposed to a wide variety of microbes, which significantly influence immune reactivity within the host. This review provides an update on some of the critical novel findings that have been published on the influence of the microbiome on atopic dermatitis, food allergy and asthma. Microbial dysbiosis has consistently been observed in the skin, gut and lungs of patients with atopic dermatitis, food allergy and asthma, respectively, and the role of specific microbes in allergic disorders is being intensively investigated. However, many of these discoveries have yet to be translated into routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonhlanhla Lunjani
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF); University of Zurich; Davos Switzerland
- University of Cape Town; Cape Town South Africa
| | | | - Zuzanna Lukasik
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF); University of Zurich; Davos Switzerland
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF); University of Zurich; Davos Switzerland
| | - Thomas Eiwegger
- Program in Translational Medicine; The Hospital for Sick Children; Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Immunology; The University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
- Division of Immunology and Allergy; Food allergy and Anaphylaxis Program; The Department of Paediatrics; The Hospital for Sick Children; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology; APC Microbiome Ireland; National University of Ireland; Cork Ireland
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Abstract
Innate T lymphocytes are a group of relatively recently identified T cells that are not involved in either innate or adaptive immunity. Unlike conventional T cells, most innate T lymphocytes express invariant T cell receptor to recognize exogenous non-peptide antigens presented by a family of non-polymorphic MHC class I-related molecules, such as CD1d and MHC-related molecule-1 (MR1). Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells quickly respond to the antigens bound to CD1d and MR1 molecules, respectively, and immediately exert effector functions by secreting various cytokines and granules. This review describes the detrimental and beneficial roles of iNKT cells in animal models of asthma and in human asthmatic patients and also addresses the mechanisms through which iNKT cells are activated by environmental or extracellular factors. We also discuss the potential for therapeutic interventions of asthma by specific antibodies against NKT cells. Furthermore, we summarize the recent reports on the role of MAIT cells in allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Iwamura
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Branco ACCC, Yoshikawa FSY, Pietrobon AJ, Sato MN. Role of Histamine in Modulating the Immune Response and Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:9524075. [PMID: 30224900 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9524075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, histamine, bradykinin, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes, impact the immune system, usually as proinflammatory factors. Other mediators act as regulatory components to establish homeostasis after injury or prevent the inflammatory process. Histamine, a biogenic vasoactive amine, causes symptoms such as allergies and has a pleiotropic effect that is dependent on its interaction with its four histamine receptors. In this review, we discuss the dualistic effects of histamine: how histamine affects inflammation of the immune system through the activation of intracellular pathways that induce the production of inflammatory mediators and cytokines in different immune cells and how histamine exerts regulatory functions in innate and adaptive immune responses. We also evaluate the interactions between these effects.
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Rogers D, Vila-Leahey A, Pessôa AC, Oldford S, Marignani PA, Marshall JS. Ranitidine Inhibition of Breast Tumor Growth Is B Cell Dependent and Associated With an Enhanced Antitumor Antibody Response. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1894. [PMID: 30158936 PMCID: PMC6104125 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The histamine receptor 2 antagonist ranitidine is a commonly used, non-prescription, medication. It limits the development, growth, and metastasis of breast cancers in mouse models of disease. In this study, we examined the role of B cells in this response, the impact of ranitidine on the development of antitumor antibodies and subpopulations of natural killer cells using murine breast cancer models. Methods Peripheral blood granulocyte populations were assessed in both E0771-GFP and 4T1 orthotopic tumor-bearing mice by evaluation of stained blood smears. Antibody responses were assessed both in terms of the levels of anti-GFP antibodies detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and also by antibody binding to the surface of tumor cells evaluated by flow cytometry. B cell and NK cell populations were examined in the draining lymph nodes and spleens of tumor-bearing animals, by flow cytometry with and without ranitidine treatment. Results Oral ranitidine treatment was not associated with changes in peripheral blood granulocyte populations in tumor-bearing mice. However, ranitidine treatment was associated with the development of enhanced antitumor antibody responses. This was not limited to the tumor setting since ranitidine-treated mice immunized with ovalbumin also demonstrated increased IgG antibody responses. Analysis of B cell populations indicated that while B1 cell populations remained unchanged there was a significant decrease in B2 cells in the tumor-draining inguinal lymph nodes. Notably, ranitidine did not significantly inhibit primary tumor growth in B cell-deficient animals. Examination of NK cell populations revealed a significant decrease in the proportion of intermediately functionally mature NK cells populations (CD27+CD11b−) in ranitidine-treated tumor-bearing mice compared with untreated tumor-bearing controls. Conclusion These data demonstrate an important role for B cells in the enhanced antitumor immune response that occurs in response to ranitidine treatment. Our findings are consistent with a model, whereby ranitidine reduces tumor-associated immune suppression allowing for the development of more effective antitumor responses mediated by B cells which may include the participation of NK cells. These data underline the importance of considering widely used histamine receptor antagonists as modulators of antitumor immunity to breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakota Rogers
- Dalhousie Inflammation Group, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ava Vila-Leahey
- Dalhousie Inflammation Group, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ana Clara Pessôa
- Dalhousie Inflammation Group, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Sharon Oldford
- Dalhousie Inflammation Group, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Paola A Marignani
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jean S Marshall
- Dalhousie Inflammation Group, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Ozdemir C, Kucuksezer UC, Akdis M, Akdis CA. The concepts of asthma endotypes and phenotypes to guide current and novel treatment strategies. Expert Rev Respir Med 2018; 12:733-743. [PMID: 30084271 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2018.1505507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma, a common, non-communicable chronic disease affects over 300 million individuals worldwide. The Western world lifestyle is claimed to be responsible for this high and increasing prevalence. Asthma has been defined as a syndrome with various phenotypes and endotypes, allergic asthma and type 2 asthma being the most frequent. A great increase in prevalence of allergic diseases has necessitated intensive investigations both for understanding the underlying mechanisms and for the development of novel therapy options with long-term efficacy and limited side-effects. Allergic patients demonstrate unique presentations with variable visible characteristics and disease outcomes depending on different molecular mechanisms, related to influence of genes and epigenetic control by micro- and macro-environment. Areas covered: This article reviews the definition of asthma phenotypes and possible endotypes, advances in allergy-immunology field and contemporary personalized therapy options for asthma. Expert commentary: Better understanding of the complex immune network of allergic inflammation and key players of immunity is continuously being provided for clarification of asthma sub-types. Successful therapy of asthma requires better definition of underlying pathogenesis, which sequentially could end up with 'custom-tailored' individualized, evidence-based and more precise therapy options; a new era termed as 'precision medicine'. Endotype, phenotype, theratype and biomarker terms arise as major keywords in precision/personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cevdet Ozdemir
- a Istanbul University, Institute of Child Health , Department of Pediatric Basic Sciences , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Umut Can Kucuksezer
- b Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine , Department of Immunology , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- c Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education , Davos , Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- c Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education , Davos , Switzerland
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Abstract
The mucosal immune system is in constant communication with the vast diversity of microbes present on body surfaces. The discovery of novel molecular mechanisms, which mediate host-microbe communication, have highlighted the important roles played by microbes in influencing mucosal immune responses. Dendritic cells, epithelial cells, ILCs, T regulatory cells, effector lymphocytes, NKT cells and B cells can all be influenced by the microbiome. Many of the mechanisms being described are bacterial strain- or metabolite-specific. Microbial dysbiosis in the gut and the lung is increasingly being associated with the incidence and severity of asthma. More accurate endotyping of patients with asthma may be assisted by further analysis of the composition and metabolic activity of an individual’s microbiome. In addition, the efficacy of specific therapeutics may be influenced by the microbiome and novel bacterial-based therapeutics should be considered in future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Remo Frei
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Nonhlanhla Lunjani
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
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Barcik W, Wawrzyniak M, Akdis CA, O’mahony L. Immune regulation by histamine and histamine-secreting bacteria. Curr Opin Immunol 2017; 48:108-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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