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Teti M, Myroniuk TW, Kirksey G, Pratt M, Schatz E. Using peer-ethnography to explore the health and well-being of college students affected by COVID-19. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2261841. [PMID: 37742341 PMCID: PMC10519263 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2261841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE COVID-19 continues to infect and affect college-aged youth. We lack information about how students experienced the pandemic day-to-day and what they need for recovery, from their own perspectives. This study employed peer ethnography to explore student's insights for current and future prevention and care. METHODS A team of eight students were trained as peer ethnographers to observe and record conversations with their peers in 15-minute increments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Transcripts of 200 conversations were collated and analysed via theme analysis to identify patterns. RESULTS Student conversations revealed dichotomous perspectives about COVID-19. Some students prioritized safety, captured via three themes-caution, rethinking routines, and protecting others. Other students struggled to follow prevention guidelines and took risks, also captured by three themes-parties, denial, and misinformation. A third category of themes captured the results of this dichotomy-tense campus relationships and a health leadership vacuum. CONCLUSIONS Our findings identify specific locations for intervention (e.g., off campus parties) and needed community collaborations (e.g., bars and universities) for COVID-19 and future pandemics. Our findings suggest that overarching approaches, like harm reduction or affirmation (versus shame), are helpful intervention frameworks. Findings also celebrate the value of peer-ethnography, to learn about pandemics and solutions from the ground up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Teti
- Department of Public Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Tyler W. Myroniuk
- Department of Public Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Grace Kirksey
- Department of Public Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mariah Pratt
- Department of Public Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Enid Schatz
- Department of Public Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Parisi G, Renault V, Humblet MF, Ochelen N, Diep AN, Guillaume M, Donneau AF, Bureau F, Gillet L, Lange AC, Michel F, Fontaine S, Saegerman C. Compliance with Barrier Gestures during COVID-19 Pandemic as a Function of the Context: A Longitudinal Observational Survey at the University of Liège. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11523. [PMID: 36141805 PMCID: PMC9517517 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, barrier gestures such as mask wearing, physical distancing, greetings without contact, one-way circulation flow, and hand sanitization were major strategies to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2, but they were only useful if consistently applied. This survey was a follow-up of the first survey performed in 2020 at the University of Liège. We aim to evaluate the compliance with these gestures on campuses and examine differences in the extent of the compliance observed in different educational activities and contexts. During 3.5 months, the counting of compliant and non-compliant behaviors was performed each week in randomly selected rooms. Using data collected during both surveys (2020 and 2021), binomial negative regression models of compliance depending on periods (teaching periods and exam sessions), type of rooms, and campuses were conducted to evaluate prevalence ratios of compliance. The percentage of compliance in this second survey was the highest for mask wearing and physical distancing during educational activities (90% and 88%, respectively) and lowest for physical distancing outside educational activities and hand sanitization (45% and 52%, respectively). Multivariate analyses revealed that the compliance with most gestures was significantly higher in teaching rooms than in hallways and restaurants and during exam sessions. The compliance with physical distancing was significantly higher (from 66%) in auditoriums, where students had to remain seated, than during practical works that allowed or required free movement. Therefore, the compliance with barrier gestures was associated with contextual settings, which should be considered when communicating and managing barrier gestures. Further studies should specify and confirm the determining contextual characteristics regarding the compliance with barrier gestures in times of pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Parisi
- Research Unit in Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Véronique Renault
- Research Unit in Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Vétérinaires et Agronomes Sans Frontières, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Marie-France Humblet
- Unit of Biosafety, Biosecurity Unit and Environmental Licenses, Department of Occupational Safety and Hygiene, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Ochelen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Michèle Guillaume
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Risk Assessment Group COVID-19, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne-Françoise Donneau
- Biostatistics Unit, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Risk Assessment Group COVID-19, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Fabrice Bureau
- COVID-19 Platform, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA Institute, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Laurent Gillet
- COVID-19 Platform, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Immunology-Vaccinology, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne-Catherine Lange
- Récolte et Analyse des Données et Information d’Utilité Stratégique (RADIUS), Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Fabienne Michel
- Risk Assessment Group COVID-19, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Récolte et Analyse des Données et Information d’Utilité Stratégique (RADIUS), Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Fontaine
- Risk Assessment Group COVID-19, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Institute for Research in Social Sciences (IRSS), Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Liège, Place des Orateurs 3, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Claude Saegerman
- Research Unit in Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Risk Assessment Group COVID-19, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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