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Li X, Wen Z, Li R, Lu C, Chen W, Chen X, Huang G, Ni L, Lai Y, Tao L. Profiling of Serum miRNAs Constructs a Diagnostic 3-miRNA Panel for Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:23-32. [PMID: 37574436 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) carries significant morbidity and mortality globally with an increasing incidence per year predominantly represented by clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) which accounts for 70-80% of all RCC cases. MicroRNAs(miRNAs) implicate tumor development and progression in epigenetic mechanisms and available profiling of serum miRNAs potentiate them as diagnostic markers for various cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 108 ccRCC patients and 112 normal controls were enrolled. A 3-stage experiment was conducted to identify differentially expressed serum miRNAs in ccRCC and establish a diagnostic miRNAs panel. Additionally, bioinformatic analysis was employed to predict selected miRNAs' target genes, preform functional annotation and explore the roles in ccRCC. RESULTS MiR-429, miR-10a-5p, miR-154-5p were found to be up-regulated miRNAs. Inversely, miR-27a-3p and miR-221-3p were found to be down-regulated miRNAs. These 5 miRNAs were selected to construct diagnostic panel by backward stepwise logistic regression analysis and ultimately a 3-miRNA panel (miR-429, miR-10a-5p and miR-27a-3p) was established [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.897, sensitivity = 85.0%, specificity = 83.3%]. CONCLUSION The panel of 3-miRNA holds promise as a novel, convenient, and noninvasive diagnostic method for early detection of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinji Li
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Zhenyu Wen
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Rongkang Li
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Chong Lu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Wenkang Chen
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Guocheng Huang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Liangchao Ni
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
| | - Yongqing Lai
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
| | - Lingzhi Tao
- Department of Urology, Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China.
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Borges Dos Reis R, Shu X, Ye Y, Borregales L, Karam JA, Adibi M, Wu X, Reis LO, Wood CG. Urinary miRNAs Predict Metastasis in Patients With Clinically Localized Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Nephrectomy. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:e156-e162.e4. [PMID: 37945405 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) might develop metastasis after surgery with curative intent. We aimed to characterize the expression levels of microRNAs in the urine (UmiRNAs) of patients before and after nephrectomy to determine the impact of UmiRNAs expression in the emergence of metastases. METHODS We prospectively collected pre- and post-nephrectomy urine samples from 117 patients with clinically localized and locally advanced ccRCC. UmiRNAs were extracted, purified, and measured using RT-PCR. Relative quantifications (RQ) of 137 UmiRNAs were calculated through 2-∆∆ method. The post-surgery/pre-surgery RQs ratio represented the magnitude of the expression levels of the UmiRNAs. The association of UmiRNA expression and the development of distant metastases was tested with Cox regression model. RESULTS Five UmiRNAs (miR-191-5p, miR-324-3p, miR-186-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-30b-5p) levels were upregulated before nephrectomy (p < .05). This conferred a 2- to 4-fold increased risk of metastasis, with miR-191-5p showing the most significant association with this endpoint (HR = 4.16, 95% CI = 1.38-12.58, p = .011). In a multivariate model stratified with stage and Fuhrman grade, we found that miR-191-5p, miR-324-3p, and miR-186-5p exhibited a strong association with metastasis development in patients with pathological T3 (pT3) tumors. Enrichment analysis with the most differentially expressed UmiRNAs showed that these UmiRNAs targeted genes that regulate cell survival and proliferation. CONCLUSION Our study indicated UmiR-191-5p, UmiR-324-3p, and UmiR-186-5p are potential markers to predict the development of metastasis, particularly in pT3 patients. PATIENT SUMMARY We compared changes of UmiRNAs expression detected pre- and postnephrectomy of patients with ccRCC. Our findings suggest that UmiRNA expression likely reflects tumor-specific changes that can be promising to predict the metastasis development, particularly in patients with non-metastatic locally advanced ccRCC. If confirmed, these findings may be useful for surveillance protocols for adjuvant therapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Borges Dos Reis
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Xiang Shu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yuanqing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Leonardo Borregales
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jose A Karam
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Mehad Adibi
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Leonardo O Reis
- UroScience, State University of Campinas, Unicamp, and Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, PUC-Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Christopher G Wood
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Zhang Q, Ren H, Ge L, Zhang W, Song F, Huang P. A review on the role of long non-coding RNA and microRNA network in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and its tumor microenvironment. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:16. [PMID: 36732762 PMCID: PMC9893571 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02861-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the second lethal urogenital malignancy with the increasing incidence and mortality in the world. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one major subtype of RCC, which accounts for about 70 to 80% of all RCC cases. Although many innovative therapeutic options have emerged during the last few decades, the efficacy of these treatments for ccRCC patients is very limited. To date, the prognosis of patients with advanced or metastatic ccRCC is still poor. The 5-year survival rate of these patients remains less than 10%, which mainly attributes to the complexity and heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME). It has been demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) perform an indispensable role in the initiation and progression of various tumors. They mostly function as sponges for microRNAs (miRNAs) to regulate the expression of target genes, finally influence the growth, metastasis, apoptosis, drug resistance and TME of tumor cells. However, the role of lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA axis in the TME of ccRCC remains poorly understood. In this review, we summarized the biological function of lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA axis in the pathogenesis of ccRCC, then discussed how lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA axis regulate the TME, finally highlighted their potential application as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- grid.469325.f0000 0004 1761 325XDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China ,Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Ren
- grid.469325.f0000 0004 1761 325XDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China ,Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luqi Ge
- grid.469325.f0000 0004 1761 325XDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China ,Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- grid.469325.f0000 0004 1761 325XDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feifeng Song
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China ,Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China ,Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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4
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Barreiro K, Lay AC, Leparc G, Tran VDT, Rosler M, Dayalan L, Burdet F, Ibberson M, Coward RJM, Huber TB, Krämer BK, Delic D, Holthofer H. An in vitro approach to understand contribution of kidney cells to human urinary extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12304. [PMID: 36785873 PMCID: PMC9925963 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are membranous particles secreted by all cells and found in body fluids. Established EV contents include a variety of RNA species, proteins, lipids and metabolites that are considered to reflect the physiological status of their parental cells. However, to date, little is known about cell-type enriched EV cargo in complex EV mixtures, especially in urine. To test whether EV secretion from distinct human kidney cells in culture differ and can recapitulate findings in normal urine, we comprehensively analysed EV components, (particularly miRNAs, long RNAs and protein) from conditionally immortalised human kidney cell lines (podocyte, glomerular endothelial, mesangial and proximal tubular cells) and compared to EV secreted in human urine. EV from cell culture media derived from immortalised kidney cells were isolated by hydrostatic filtration dialysis (HFD) and characterised by electron microscopy (EM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and Western blotting (WB). RNA was isolated from EV and subjected to miRNA and RNA sequencing and proteins were profiled by tandem mass tag proteomics. Representative sets of EV miRNAs, RNAs and proteins were detected in each cell type and compared to human urinary EV isolates (uEV), EV cargo database, kidney biopsy bulk RNA sequencing and proteomics, and single-cell transcriptomics. This revealed that a high proportion of the in vitro EV signatures were also found in in vivo datasets. Thus, highlighting the robustness of our in vitro model and showing that this approach enables the dissection of cell type specific EV cargo in biofluids and the potential identification of cell-type specific EV biomarkers of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Barreiro
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM)University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Abigail C. Lay
- Bristol RenalBristol Medical SchoolFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - German Leparc
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG BiberachBiberachGermany
| | - Van Du T. Tran
- Vital‐IT GroupSIB Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Marcel Rosler
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG BiberachBiberachGermany
| | - Lusyan Dayalan
- Bristol RenalBristol Medical SchoolFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Frederic Burdet
- Vital‐IT GroupSIB Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Mark Ibberson
- Vital‐IT GroupSIB Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Richard J. M. Coward
- Bristol RenalBristol Medical SchoolFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Tobias B. Huber
- III Department of MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Bernhard K. Krämer
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology)University Medical Centre MannheimUniversity of HeidelbergMannheimGermany
| | - Denis Delic
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG BiberachBiberachGermany
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology)University Medical Centre MannheimUniversity of HeidelbergMannheimGermany
| | - Harry Holthofer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM)University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- III Department of MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
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5
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Hue SSS, Jin Y, Cheng H, Bin Masroni MS, Tang LWT, Ho YH, Ong DBL, Leong SM, Tan SY. Tissue-Specific microRNA Expression Profiling to Derive Novel Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Subtyping of Small B-Cell Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020453. [PMID: 36672402 PMCID: PMC9856483 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of the most common histological subtypes of small B-cell lymphomas is challenging due to overlapping morphological features and limitations of ancillary testing, which involves a large number of immunostains and molecular investigations. In addition, a common diagnostic challenge is to distinguish reactive lymphoid hyperplasia that do not require additional stains from such lymphomas that need ancillary investigations. We investigated if tissue-specific microRNA (miRNA) expression may provide potential biomarkers to improve the pathology diagnostic workflow. This study seeks to distinguish reactive lymphoid proliferation (RL) from small B-cell lymphomas, and to further distinguish the four main subtypes of small B-cell lymphomas. Two datasets were included: a discovery cohort (n = 100) to screen for differentially expressed miRNAs and a validation cohort (n = 282) to develop classification models. The models were evaluated for accuracy in subtype prediction. MiRNA gene set enrichment was also performed to identify differentially regulated pathways. 306 miRNAs were detected and quantified, resulting in 90-miRNA classification models from which smaller panels of miRNAs biomarkers with good accuracy were derived. Bioinformatic analysis revealed the upregulation of known and other potentially relevant signaling pathways in such lymphomas. In conclusion, this study suggests that miRNA expression profiling may serve as a promising tool to aid the diagnosis of common lymphoid lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Swee-Shan Hue
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Level 3 NUH Main Building, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 3 NUH Main Building, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Yu Jin
- MiRXES Pte Ltd., 2 Tukang Innovation Grove, JTC MedTech Hub, #08-01, Singapore 618305, Singapore
| | - He Cheng
- MiRXES Pte Ltd., 2 Tukang Innovation Grove, JTC MedTech Hub, #08-01, Singapore 618305, Singapore
| | - Muhammad Sufyan Bin Masroni
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 3 NUH Main Building, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Lloyd Wei Tat Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Block S4A, Level 3, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Yong Howe Ho
- Department of Pathology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Level 2 Podium Block, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Diana Bee-Lan Ong
- Department of Pathology, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sai Mun Leong
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 3 NUH Main Building, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Soo Yong Tan
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 3 NUH Main Building, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Advanced Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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Chang J, Xiao G, Zhu W, Ding M, Liao H, Wang Q. MicroRNA-10a-5p targets SERPINE1 to suppress cell progression and epithelial–mesenchymal transition process in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Toxicol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00323-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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7
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MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in the Differential Diagnosis of Lipomatous Tumors and Their Mimics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147804. [PMID: 35887151 PMCID: PMC9322088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocytic tumors are the most common subtype of soft tissue tumors. In current clinical practice, distinguishing benign lipomas from well-differentiated liposarcomas (WDLPS), as well as dedifferentiated liposarcomas (DDLPS) from their morphologic mimics, remains a significant diagnostic challenge. This is especially so when examining small biopsy samples and without the aid of additional ancillary tests. Recognizing the important role that microRNAs (miRNAs) play in tumorigenesis and their potential utility in tumor classification, we analyzed routine clinical tissue samples of benign and malignant lipomatous tumors, as well as other sarcoma mimics, to identify distinguishing miRNA-based signatures that can aid in the differential diagnosis of these entities. We discovered a 6-miRNA signature that separated lipomas from WDLPS with high confidence (AUC of 0.963), as well as a separate 6-miRNA signature that distinguished DDLPS from their more aggressive histologic mimics (AUC of 0.740). Functional enrichment analysis unveiled possible mechanistic involvement of these predictive miRNAs in adipocytic cancer-related biological processes and pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK signaling, further supporting the relevance of these miRNAs as biomarkers for adipocytic tumors. Our results demonstrate that miRNA expression profiling may potentially be used as an adjunctive tool for the diagnosis of benign and malignant adipocytic tumors. Further validation studies are warranted.
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Isolated Pancreatic Metastases of Renal Cell Cancer: Genetics and Epigenetics of an Unusual Tumour Entity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061539. [PMID: 35326690 PMCID: PMC8945920 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated pancreatic metastases of renal cell carcinoma (isPMRCC) are a rare manifestation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) characterized by two peculiarities: (1). The definite or at least long-term exclusive occurrence of metastases in the pancreas and (2). an unusual low tumour aggressiveness with slow tumour progression and consecutive, good treatment results. According to current knowledge, the exclusive occurrence of pancreatic metastases is due to a highly specific and highly selective seed and soil mechanism, which does not allow metastases settlement outside the pancreas, and whose detailed genetic/epigenetic causes are not yet elucidated. Recent studies have shed light on some of the pathways involved for the protracted course of the disease and highlighted a special genetic profile (lack of loss of 9p, lower weight genome instability index, low frequency of BAP1 alterations, and a high frequency of PBRM1 loss), which deviates from the conventional mRCC profile. Finally, the question of the reasons for the long-term relative genetic stability of the involved cell clones, which is an essential prerequisite for a favourable prognosis, remains unanswered.
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Zeuschner P, Zaccagnino A, Junker K. [Biomarkers for renal cell tumours]. Aktuelle Urol 2021; 52:452-463. [PMID: 34157774 DOI: 10.1055/a-1517-6259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
During the last three decades, renal tumours have become increasingly well differentiated on the basis of their histopathological and molecular features. This subtyping has increasingly impacted clinical practice because more therapeutic options are available in organ-confined and metastatic renal cell tumours. The knowledge of the underlying molecular alterations is essential to develop molecular targeted therapies and to select the most effective systemic therapy for each patient. This manuscript gives an overview of the molecular differentiation on the one hand, and on diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers on the other hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Zeuschner
- Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
| | - Angela Zaccagnino
- Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
| | - Kerstin Junker
- Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
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10
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Yang L, Zou X, Zou J, Zhang G. A Review of Recent Research on the Role of MicroRNAs in Renal Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e930639. [PMID: 33963171 PMCID: PMC8114846 DOI: 10.12659/msm.930639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a most common type of urologic neoplasms; it accounts for 3% of malignant tumors, with high rates of relapse and mortality. The most common types of renal cancer are clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC), papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC), and chromophobe renal carcinoma (chRCC), which account for 90%, 6–15%, and 2–5%, respectively, of all renal malignancies. Although surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are the most common treatment method for those diseases, their effects remain dissatisfactory. Furthermore, recent research shows that the treatment efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in advanced RCC patients is widely variable. Hence, patients urgently need a new molecular biomarker for early diagnosis and evaluating the prognosis of RCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to a family of short, non-coding RNAs that are highly conserved, have long half-life evolution, and post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression; they have been predicted to play crucial roles in tumor metastasis, invasion, angiogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, differentiation, metabolism, cancer occurrence, and treatment resistance. Although some previous papers demonstrated that miRNAs play vital roles in renal cancer, such as pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis, the roles of miRNAs in kidney cancer are still unclear. Therefore, we reviewed studies indexed in PubMed from 2017 to 2020, and found several studies suggesting that there are more than 82 miRNAs involved in renal cancers. The present review describes the current status of miRNAs in RCC and their roles in progression, diagnosis, therapy targeting, and prognosis of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Yang
- First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaofeng Zou
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Junrong Zou
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Guoxi Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
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11
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shirvani-Farsani Z, Branicki W, Taheri M. MicroRNA Signature in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:596359. [PMID: 33330087 PMCID: PMC7734191 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.596359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) includes 2.2% of all diagnosed cancers and 1.8% of cancer-related mortalities. The available biomarkers or screening methods for RCC suffer from lack of sensitivity or high cost, necessitating identification of novel biomarkers that facilitate early diagnosis of this cancer especially in the susceptible individuals. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have several advantageous properties that potentiate them as biomarkers for cancer detection. Expression profile of miRNAs has been assessed in biological samples from RCC patients. Circulatory or urinary levels of certain miRNAs have been proposed as markers for RCC diagnosis or follow-up. Moreover, expression profile of some miRNAs has been correlated with response to chemotherapy, immunotherapy or targeted therapeutic options such as sunitinib. In the current study, we summarize the results of studies that assessed the application of miRNAs as biomarkers, therapeutic targets or modulators of response to treatment modalities in RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Wojciech Branicki
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology of the Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Outeiro-Pinho G, Barros-Silva D, Correia MP, Henrique R, Jerónimo C. Renal Cell Tumors: Uncovering the Biomarker Potential of ncRNAs. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082214. [PMID: 32784737 PMCID: PMC7465320 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell tumors (RCT) remain as one of the most common and lethal urological tumors worldwide. Discrimination between (1) benign and malignant disease, (2) indolent and aggressive tumors, and (3) patient responsiveness to a specific therapy is of major clinical importance, allowing for a more efficient patient management. Nonetheless, currently available tools provide limited information and novel strategies are needed. Over the years, a putative role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as disease biomarkers has gained relevance and is now one of the most prolific fields in biological sciences. Herein, we extensively sought the most significant reports on ncRNAs as potential RCTs' diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and monitoring biomarkers. We could conclude that ncRNAs, either alone or in combination with currently used clinical and pathological parameters, might represent key elements to improve patient management, potentiating the implementation of precision medicine. Nevertheless, most ncRNA biomarkers require large-scale validation studies, prior to clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Outeiro-Pinho
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Daniela Barros-Silva
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Margareta P. Correia
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-225084000; Fax: +351-225084199
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13
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Moynihan MJ, Sullivan TB, Burks E, Schober J, Calabrese M, Fredrick A, Kalantzakos T, Warrick J, Canes D, Raman JD, Rieger-Christ K. MicroRNA profile in stage I clear cell renal cell carcinoma predicts progression to metastatic disease. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:799.e11-799.e22. [PMID: 32534961 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sought to identify microRNA (miRNA) profiles of small, pathologically confirmed stage 1 clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tumors that are associated with progression to metachronous metastatic disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-five pathologic stage 1 ccRCC tumors ≤5cm, from 2 institutions, were examined in a miRNA screening, followed by a validation study. For the screening phase 752 miRNA were evaluated on each sample to identify those with differential expression between tumors that subsequently did (n = 10) or did not (n = 10) progress to metastatic disease. For the validation, 35 additional samples (20 nonprogressors and 15 with distant progression) were utilized to investigate 20 miRNA to determine if a miRNA panel could differentiate aggressive tumors: associations of miRNA expression with cancer specific survival was also investigated. RESULTS In the screening analysis, 35 miRNA were differentially expressed (P < 0.05, FDR < 0.1) between the groups. In the validation, 11 miRNA were confirmed to have differential expression. The miRNA -10a-5p, -23b-3p, and -26a-5p differentiated nonprogressive and distant progressive disease with a sensitivity of 73.3% and a specificity of 85% (AUC=0.893). In addition, levels of miR-30a-3p and -145-5p were identified as independent prognostic factors of cancer specific survival. CONCLUSIONS This investigation identified miRNA biomarkers that may differentiate between non-progressive ccRCC tumors and those that progress to metastatic disease in this group of stage I tumors. The miRNA profiles determined in this study have the potential to identify patients with small renal masses who are likely to have progressive ccRCC. Such information may be valuable to incorporate into predictive models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Travis B Sullivan
- Department of Translational Research, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA
| | - Eric Burks
- Department of Pathology, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA
| | - Jared Schober
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA
| | - Marc Calabrese
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA
| | - Ariel Fredrick
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA
| | - Thomas Kalantzakos
- Department of Translational Research, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA
| | - Joshua Warrick
- Department of Pathology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
| | - David Canes
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA
| | - Jay D Raman
- Department of Urology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
| | - Kimberly Rieger-Christ
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA; Department of Translational Research, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, MA.
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14
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Outeiro-Pinho G, Barros-Silva D, Aznar E, Sousa AI, Vieira-Coimbra M, Oliveira J, Gonçalves CS, Costa BM, Junker K, Henrique R, Jerónimo C. MicroRNA-30a-5p me: a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for clear cell renal cell carcinoma in tissue and urine samples. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:98. [PMID: 32487203 PMCID: PMC7323611 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01600-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The rising incidence of renal cell carcinomas (RCC) constitutes a significant challenge owing to risk of overtreatment. Because aberrant microRNA (miR) promoter methylation contributes to cancer development, we investigated whether altered miR-30a-5p expression associates with DNA promoter methylation and evaluated the usefulness as clear cell RCC (ccRCC) diagnostic and prognostic markers. Methods Genome-wide methylome and RNA sequencing data from a set of ccRCC and normal tissue samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were integrated to identify candidate CpG loci involved in cancer onset. MiR-30a-5p expression and promoter methylation were quantitatively assessed by PCR in a tissue set (Cohort #1) and urine sets (Cohorts #2 and 3) from IPOPorto and Homburg University Hospital. Non-parametric tests were used for comparing continuous variables. MiR-30a-5p promoter methylation (miR-30a-5pme) performance as diagnostic (receiver operator characteristics [ROC] - validity estimates) and prognostic [metastasis-free (MFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS)] biomarker was further validated in urine samples from ccRCC patients by Kaplan Meier curves (with log rank) and both univariable and multivariable analysis. Results Two significant hypermethylated CpG loci in TCGA ccRCC samples, correlating with miR-30a-5p transcriptional downregulation, were disclosed. MiR-30a-5pme in ccRCC tissues was confirmed in an independent patient’s cohort of IPOPorto and associated with shorter time to relapse. In urine samples, miR-30a-5pme levels identified cancer both in testing and validation cohorts, with 83% sensitivity/53% specificity and 63% sensitivity/67% specificity, respectively. Moreover, higher miR-30a-5pme levels independently predicted metastatic dissemination and survival. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study validating the diagnostic and prognostic potential of miR-30a-5pme for ccRCC in urine samples, providing new insights for its clinical usefulness as non-invasive cancer biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Outeiro-Pinho
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Master in Molecular Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine-University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Barros-Silva
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elena Aznar
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat de València, CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana-Isabel Sousa
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Márcia Vieira-Coimbra
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Oliveira
- Department of Urology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Céline S Gonçalves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Bruno M Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Kerstin Junker
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n.° 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal. .,Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n.° 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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15
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Observations on Solitary Versus Multiple Isolated Pancreatic Metastases of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Another Indication of a Seed and Soil Mechanism? Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091379. [PMID: 31533220 PMCID: PMC6770877 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated pancreas metastases are a rare type of metastasis of renal cell carcinoma, characterized by the presence of pancreatic metastases, while all other organs remain unaffected. In a previous study, we determined arguments from the literature which (a) indicate a systemic–haematogenic metastasis route (uniform distribution of the metastases across the pancreas and independence of the metastatic localization in the pancreas of the side of the renal carcinoma); and (b) postulate a high impact of a seed and soil mechanism (SSM) on isolated pancreatic metastasis of renal cell carcinoma (isPM) as an explanation for exclusive pancreatic metastases, despite a systemic haematogenous tumor cell embolization. The objective of the study presented was to search for further arguments in favor of an SSM with isPM. For that purpose, the factor’s histology, grading, and singular/multiple pancreas metastases were analyzed on the basis of 814 observations published up to 2018. While histology and grading allowed for no conclusions regarding the importance of an SSM, the comparison of singular/multiple pancreas metastases produced arguments in favor of an SSM: 1. The multiple pancreas metastases observed in 38.1% prove that multiple tumor cell embolisms occur with isPM, the exclusive “maturation” of which in the pancreas requires an SSM; 2. The survival rates (SVR), which are consistent with singular and multiple pancreas metastases (despite the higher total tumor load with the latter), prove that the metastasized tumor cells are not able to survive in all other organs because of an SSM, which results in identical SVR when the pancreatic foci are treated adequately.
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16
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Heinzelmann J, Arndt M, Pleyers R, Fehlmann T, Hoelters S, Zeuschner P, Vogt A, Pryalukhin A, Schaeffeler E, Bohle RM, Gajda M, Janssen M, Stoeckle M, Junker K. 4-miRNA Score Predicts the Individual Metastatic Risk of Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:3765-3773. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07578-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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17
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Braga EA, Fridman MV, Loginov VI, Dmitriev AA, Morozov SG. Molecular Mechanisms in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Role of miRNAs and Hypermethylated miRNA Genes in Crucial Oncogenic Pathways and Processes. Front Genet 2019; 10:320. [PMID: 31110513 PMCID: PMC6499217 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the third most common urological cancer, and it has the highest mortality rate. The increasing drug resistance of metastatic ccRCC has resulted in the search for new biomarkers. Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, such as genome-wide DNA methylation and inhibition of protein translation by interaction of microRNA (miRNA) with its target messenger RNA (mRNA), are deeply involved in the pathogenesis of human cancers, including ccRCC, and may be used in its diagnosis and prognosis. Here, we review oncogenic and oncosuppressive miRNAs, their putative target genes, and the crucial pathways they are involved in. The contradictory behavior of a number of miRNAs, such as suppressive and anti-metastatic miRNAs with oncogenic potential (for example, miR-99a, miR-106a, miR-125b, miR-144, miR-203, miR-378), is examined. miRNAs that contribute mostly to important pathways and processes in ccRCC, for instance, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Wnt-β, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling, are discussed in detail. We also separately consider their participation in crucial oncogenic processes, such as hypoxia and angiogenesis, metastasis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The review also considers the interactions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and miRNAs of significance in ccRCC. Recent advances in the understanding of the role of hypermethylated miRNA genes in ccRCC and their usefulness as biomarkers are reviewed based on our own data and those available in the literature. Finally, new data and perspectives concerning the clinical applications of miRNAs in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of ccRCC are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina V. Fridman
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly I. Loginov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Research Center of Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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18
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MicroRNA Expression Profiles in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Differentiate Tumor Grade, Stage, and Survival: Implications for Clinical Decision-Making. Urology 2019; 123:93-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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Meissner MA, McCormick BZ, Karam JA, Wood CG. Adjuvant therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2018; 18:663-671. [PMID: 29707987 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2018.1469980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Locally advanced, non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is conventionally managed with surgery. However, patients are at a high risk of RCC recurrence and have poor survival outcomes. An effective adjuvant systemic treatment is needed to improve on these outcomes. Targeted molecular and immune-based therapies have been investigated, or are under investigation, but their role in this setting remains unclear. Areas covered: A comprehensive search of PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed for relevant literature. The following topics pertinent to adjuvant therapy in RCC were evaluated: strategies for patient selection, cytokine-based immunotherapy, vaccine therapy, VEGF and non-VEGF targeted molecular agents, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Expert commentary: Strong evidence for the incorporation of adjuvant therapy in high-risk RCC is lacking. Multiple targeted molecular therapies have been examined with only one approved for use. Genetic and molecular-based prognostic models are needed to determine who may benefit from adjuvant therapy. Developing adjuvant therapy strategies in the future depends on the results of important ongoing trials with immunotherapy and targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Meissner
- a Department of Urology , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Barrett Z McCormick
- a Department of Urology , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Jose A Karam
- a Department of Urology , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Christopher G Wood
- a Department of Urology , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , Texas , USA
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20
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Lokeshwar SD, Talukder A, Yates TJ, Hennig MJP, Garcia-Roig M, Lahorewala SS, Mullani NN, Klaassen Z, Kava BR, Manoharan M, Soloway MS, Lokeshwar VB. Molecular Characterization of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Potential Three-MicroRNA Prognostic Signature. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 27:464-472. [PMID: 29440068 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aberrantly expressed miRNAs promote renal cell carcinoma (RCC) growth and metastasis and are potentially useful biomarkers for metastatic disease. However, a consensus clinically significant miRNA signature has not been identified. To identify an miRNA signature for predicting clinical outcome in RCC patients, we used a four-pronged interconnected approach.Methods: Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified and analyzed in 113 specimens (normal kidney: 59; tumor: 54). miRNA profiling was performed in matched normal and tumor specimens from 8 patients and extended to 32 specimens. Seven aberrantly expressed miRNAs were analyzed by qPCR, and their levels were correlated with RCC subtypes and clinical outcome. miRNA signature was confirmed in The Cancer Genome Atlas RCC dataset (n = 241).Results: Discovery phase identified miR-21, miR-142-3p, miR-142-5p, miR-150, and miR-155 as significantly upregulated (2-4-fold) and miR-192 and miR-194 as downregulated (3-60-fold) in RCC; miR-155 distinguished small tumors (<4 cm) from benign oncocytomas. In univariate and multivariate analyses, miRNA combinations (miR-21+194; miR-21+142-5p+194) significantly predicted metastasis and/or disease-specific mortality; miR-21+142-5p+194 (for metastasis): P = 0.0017; OR, 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.75-0.33; 86.7% sensitivity; 82% specificity. In the TCGA dataset, combined biomarkers associated with metastasis and overall survival (miR-21+142-5p+194: P < 0.0001; OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.58-0.23).Conclusions: The interconnected discovery-validation approach identified a three-miRNA signature as a potential predictor of disease outcome in RCC patients.Impact: With 10% survival at 5 years, metastatic disease presents poor prognosis for RCC patients. The three-miRNA signature discovered and validated may potentially at an early stage detect and predict metastasis, to allow early intervention for improving patient prognosis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(4); 464-72. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soum D Lokeshwar
- Honors Program in Medical Education, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Asif Talukder
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Travis J Yates
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Martin J P Hennig
- Department of Urology, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Garcia-Roig
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Sarrah S Lahorewala
- Honors Program in Medical Education, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Naureen N Mullani
- Honors Program in Medical Education, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Zachary Klaassen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Bruce R Kava
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Murugesan Manoharan
- Division of Urologic Oncology Surgery, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Vinata B Lokeshwar
- Honors Program in Medical Education, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
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21
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Arai T, Okato A, Kojima S, Idichi T, Koshizuka K, Kurozumi A, Kato M, Yamazaki K, Ishida Y, Naya Y, Ichikawa T, Seki N. Regulation of spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 1 by antitumor miR-10a-5p in renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:2088-2101. [PMID: 28746769 PMCID: PMC5623743 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of our original microRNA (miRNA) expression signature of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) showed that microRNA‐10a‐5p (miR‐10a‐5p) was significantly downregulated in RCC specimens. The aims of the present study were to investigate the antitumor roles of miR‐10a‐5p and the novel cancer networks regulated by this miRNA in RCC cells. Downregulation of miR‐10a‐5p was confirmed in RCC tissues and RCC tissues from patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Ectopic expression of miR‐10a‐5p in RCC cell lines (786‐O and A498 cells) inhibited cancer cell migration and invasion. Spindle and kinetochore‐associated protein 1 (SKA1) was identified as an antitumor miR‐10a‐5p target by genome‐based approaches, and direct regulation was validated by luciferase reporter assays. Knockdown of SKA1 inhibited cancer cell migration and invasion in RCC cells. Overexpression of SKA1 was observed in RCC tissues and TKI‐treated RCC tissues. Moreover, analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database demonstrated that low expression of miR‐10a‐5p and high expression of SKA1 were significantly associated with overall survival in patients with RCC. These findings showed that downregulation of miR‐10a‐5p and overexpression of the SKA1 axis were highly involved in RCC pathogenesis and resistance to TKI treatment in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Arai
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okato
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoko Kojima
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Idichi
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Keiichi Koshizuka
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Kurozumi
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mayuko Kato
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuto Yamazaki
- Department of Pathology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ishida
- Department of Pathology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Japan
| | - Yukio Naya
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ichikawa
- Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naohiko Seki
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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22
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Petros FG, Wallis CJD. The utility of microRNAs as biomarkers in predicting progression and survival in patients with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. BJU Int 2017; 120:305-307. [PMID: 28815977 DOI: 10.1111/bju.13931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Firas G Petros
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher J D Wallis
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Blick C, Ritchie AWS, Eisen T, Stewart GD. Improving outcomes in high-risk, nonmetastatic renal cancer: new data and ongoing trials. Nat Rev Urol 2017; 14:753-759. [PMID: 28762388 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2017.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
High-risk, localized renal cancer is associated with recurrence rates of up to 75% at 10 years. The outcomes of patients at this disease stage depend on optimal patient stratification, surgical management and systemic therapy selection. Current evidence does not support the use of adjuvant therapy in patients with high-risk, localized disease. During the past 12 months, the results of large, randomized-controlled trials of adjuvant tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment, such as ASSURE and S-TRAC, have been published, but their findings are conflicting. Whether TKIs will become standard of care in the adjuvant setting depends on the long-term data from ongoing trials. In addition, several new trials that evaluate the utility of novel immune checkpoint inhibitors in this patient group are currently recruiting. The management of renal cancer is likely to evolve at a rapid pace over the next few years and matching patients with the appropriate therapeutic regimen is likely to be a focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Blick
- Harold Hopkins Department of Urology, Royal Berkshire Hospital, London Road, Reading RG1 5AN, UK
| | - Alastair W S Ritchie
- Department of Urology, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester GL1 3NN, UK
| | - Timothy Eisen
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Grant D Stewart
- Academic Urology Group, University of Cambridge, Box 43, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
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