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Blanco-Ferreiro A, Candal-Pedreira C, Sendón B, Santiago-Pérez MI, Rey-Brandariz J, Varela-Lema L, Mourino N, Ruano-Ravina A, García G, Pérez-Ríos M. Self-perceived body weight and weight status: analysis of concordance by age group and sex. Public Health 2024; 229:160-166. [PMID: 38447299 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies suggest that there is discordance between actual weight status and body-weight perception. This fact has implications when it comes to designing public health interventions. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of the different categories of weight status and body-weight perception and to analyse their concordance in a representative Spanish population sample. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Data were sourced from the 2018 Galician Risk Behaviour Data System, with the target population being all persons aged 16 years and above. We collected data on self-perceived body weight and assessed weight status on the basis of body mass index (BMI). BMI was estimated using self-reported measures of weight and height. To estimate concordance, Cohen's kappa coefficient, both unweighted and weighted with Cicchetti weights, was calculated. RESULTS Data were obtained for 7853 individuals aged 16 years and above, whereas the overall unweighted concordance was 0.393 (95%CI: 0.377-0.409), with an agreement percentage of 61.6%, weighted concordance was 0.503 (0.490-0.517), with an agreement percentage of 86.6%. The highest concordance between self-perceived body weight and weight status was observed in women. By age group, the highest concordance was observed in the youngest group (16-24 years) for the BMI categories of underweight and overweight, and in the 45-64 age group for the category of obesity. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the existence of differences between self-perceived body weight and weight status, according to sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Blanco-Ferreiro
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - C Candal-Pedreira
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela-IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - B Sendón
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - M I Santiago-Pérez
- Epidemiology Department, Directorate-General of Public Health, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Rey-Brandariz
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - L Varela-Lema
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela-IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - N Mourino
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - A Ruano-Ravina
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela-IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - G García
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - M Pérez-Ríos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela-IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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2
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Yang X, Fang Y, Wang Y, Liu S, Cai J, Li H, Chen Z. Multidimensional stressors and depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescents: A network analysis through simulations. J Affect Disord 2024; 347:364-374. [PMID: 38007108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing research has established associations between various stressors and adolescent mental health, primarily from a variable-level perspective. However, a symptom-level understanding about which stressors and symptoms might play a important role is scarce. METHODS The sample consisted of 15,570 adolescents aged 10 to 19. Participants completed questionnaires which assessed multidimensional stressors, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and demographic information. Network analysis was conducted to explore the relationships between stressors and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Additionally, to identify effective targets for the treatment and prevention of adolescent mental health issues, symptom-specific intervention simulations were performed on the network to investigate changes in symptom values in response to the alleviation and aggravation of specific stressors and symptoms. RESULTS Findings revealed that academic stressors exhibited stronger associations with anxiety symptoms than other stressors, particularly nervousness. Family relationships were more closely linked to depressive symptoms than other stressors, particularly suicidal ideation. Academic stressors emerged as an effective intervention target, and uncontrollable worry as an important prevention target. With the exception of academic stressors, simulating aggravation interventions on symptoms resulted in more changes in overall symptom activation than alleviation interventions. LIMITATIONS A cross-sectional design did not uncover network changes over time and the sample was non-clinical. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of addressing academic stressors to alleviate adolescents' depressive and anxiety symptoms and reveals that uncontrollable worry is a key prevention target. The findings are helpful for clinicians and educators to develop effective strategies to protect adolescents' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Yaxin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shaoran Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jimin Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Zhiyan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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3
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Barilla S, Felix K, Jorizzo JL. Stressors in Atopic Dermatitis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1447:83-90. [PMID: 38724786 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-54513-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
As with other inflammatory skin disorders, atopic dermatitis has a tendency to cause stress and also be exacerbated by it. Patients with atopic dermatitis have several disease-associated stressors, some of which include physical discomfort due to itching and altered appearance due to flare-ups. These stressors have been shown to effect patients psychosocially by altering sleep patterns, decreasing self-esteem, and interfering with interpersonal relationships. In combination with its direct effect on patients, atopic dermatitis also causes stress for parents and caregivers. Studies suggest that atopic dermatitis is strongly correlated with co-sleeping habits, which can negatively impact the health and mood of parents or caregivers. It has also been reported to interfere with the formation of a strong mother-child relationship. In order to optimize treatment for patients with atopic dermatitis, it is important to note the impact that it has on quality of life. By implementing patient counseling, sleep-targeted therapies, and the use of quality of life (QoL) indices, atopic dermatitis patients and caregivers have the potential to experience greater satisfaction with treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Barilla
- Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kayla Felix
- Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Joseph L Jorizzo
- Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Bertuccelli M, Rubega M, Cantele F, Favero C, Ermolao A, Formaggio E, Masiero S. Body-Related Attentional Bias in Adolescents Affected by Idiopathic Scoliosis. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:1909-1919. [PMID: 37754477 PMCID: PMC10527921 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13090138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Attentional biases toward body-related information increase body dissatisfaction. This can lead at-risk populations to develop psychopathologies. This phenomenon has not been extensively studied in girls affected by idiopathic scoliosis. This work aimed to study the cognitive processes that could contribute to the worsening and maintaining of body image disorders in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Twenty-eight girls were recruited and tested for body image dissatisfaction through the Scoliosis-Research-Society-22-revised (SRS-22r) questionnaire. Attentional biases towards disease-related body parts were assessed using a computerized visual match-to-sample task: girls were asked to answer as fast and accurately as possible to find the picture matching a target by pressing a button on a computer keyboard. Reaction times (RTs) and accuracy were collected as outcome variables and compared within and between groups and conditions. Lower scores in SRS-22r self-image, function, and total score were observed in scoliosis compared to the control group (p-value < 0.01). Faster response times (p-value = 0.02) and higher accuracy (p-value = 0.02) were detected in the scoliosis group when processing shoulders and backs (i.e., disease-relevant body parts). A self-body advantage effect emerged in the scoliosis group, showing higher accuracy when answering self-body stimuli compared to others' bodies stimuli (p-value = 0.04). These results provide evidence of body image dissatisfaction and attentional bias towards disease-relevant body parts in girls with scoliosis, requiring clinical attention as highly predisposing to psychopathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Bertuccelli
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Neurology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Rubega
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (F.C.); (E.F.)
| | - Francesca Cantele
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (F.C.); (E.F.)
| | - Claudia Favero
- Clinical Network of Sports and Exercise Medicine of the Veneto Region, 35131 Padova, Italy; (C.F.); (A.E.)
| | - Andrea Ermolao
- Clinical Network of Sports and Exercise Medicine of the Veneto Region, 35131 Padova, Italy; (C.F.); (A.E.)
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Emanuela Formaggio
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (F.C.); (E.F.)
| | - Stefano Masiero
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (F.C.); (E.F.)
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Kim J, Moon K, Kim S, Kim H, Ko YG. The relationship between mental representations of self and social evaluation: Examining the validity and usefulness of visual proxies of self-image. Front Psychol 2023; 13:937905. [PMID: 36710754 PMCID: PMC9878293 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.937905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Reverse correlation (RC) method has been recently used to visualize mental representations of self. Previous studies have mainly examined the relationship between psychological aspects measured by self-reports and classification images of self (self-CIs), which are visual proxies of self-image generated through the RC method. In Experiment 1 (N = 118), to extend the validity of self-CIs, we employed social evaluation on top of self-reports as criterion variables and examined the relationship between self-CIs and social evaluation provided by clinical psychologists. Experiment 1 revealed that the valence ratings of self-CIs evaluated by independent raters predicted social evaluation after controlling for the effects of self-reported self-esteem and extraversion. Furthermore, in Experiment 2 (N = 127), we examined whether a computational scoring method - a method to assess self-CIs without employing independent raters - could be applied to evaluate the valence of participants' self-CIs. Experiment 2 found that the computational scores of self-CIs were comparable to independent valence ratings of self-CIs. We provide evidence that self-CIs can add independent information to self-reports in predicting social evaluation. We also suggest that the computational scoring method can complement the independent rating process of self-CIs. Overall, our findings reveal that self-CIs are a valid and useful tool to examine self-image more profoundly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwon Kim
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kibum Moon
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sojeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hackjin Kim
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-gun Ko
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Young-gun Ko, ✉
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Kuo JH, Ubeda Herrera JJ, Liu CY, Lee TH, Strong C, Lin CY, Chang YH, Lin YC, Hsieh YP, Tsai MC. Relationship Between Weight Status and Self-Image Mediated by Pubertal Timing and Athletic Competence: A Cohort Study With Taiwanese Adolescents. Front Public Health 2022; 10:890751. [PMID: 35937217 PMCID: PMC9353071 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.890751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-image reflects overall self-acceptance in developing adolescents. Using a representative cohort of Taiwanese youth, this study aims to explore the relationship between weight status, pubertal timing, athletic competence, and adolescent self-image. Methods Data come from the Taiwan Youth Project that comprised a longitudinal cohort of adolescents (N = 2690, 51% males, Mage = 13.3 ± 0.5 years) surveyed annually from seventh grade. Self-image was measured by perceived satisfaction with appearance and physique. Weight status was proxied by self-reported body mass index (BMI; kg/m2). Pubertal timing was defined using the Pubertal Developmental Scale, which mainly measured physical changes in puberty. Athletic competence was assessed by experiences with participation in competitive sports and self-perceived talent for sports. Linear regression analysis was applied to test for an association between BMI and self-image. In order to test for mediating roles of pubertal timing and athletic competence, Hayes' PROCESS macro on SPSS was conducted applying 5,000 bootstrap resamples with 95% confidence intervals of the indirect effect. Results BMI was inversely associated with self-image in both males (β = -0.074, [-0.095, -0.053]) and females (β = -0.095, [-0.122, -0.069]). The boot-strapped 95% confidence intervals indicated statistically significant mediating effects of pubertal timing (β = -0.008, [-0.015, -0.001]) and athletic competence (β = -0.006, [-0.011, -0.002]) in the link between BMI and self-image in females, whilst only athletic competence mediated this association (β = -0.006, [-0.009, -0.002]) in males. Moreover, BMI at baseline were also associated with long-term self-image in males (β = -0.037, [-0.057, -0.017]) and females (β = 0.132, [0.073, 0.190]). Conclusions Understanding the mediating factors may help enhance adolescents' self-image by providing guidance on healthy weight and physical activity behaviors according to different stages of pubertal progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Hao Kuo
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Josue Jaru Ubeda Herrera
- Department of Business Administration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Liu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsuan Lee
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Carol Strong
- Department of Public Health, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsin University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Health and Counseling Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Gerontology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Lin
- Department of Early Childhood and Family Education, College of Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Hsieh
- Department of Social Work, College of Nursing and Professional Disciplines, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Meng-Che Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Xia M, Xu X. Does authenticity always breed mental health? A cross‐cultural comparison between the United States and China. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ajsp.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Xia
- Department of Psychology The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama USA
| | - Xiaobo Xu
- Department of Psychology Shanghai Normal University Shanghai China
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Kim SS, Bae SM. Social Anxiety and Social Networking Service Addiction Proneness in University Students: The Mediating Effects of Experiential Avoidance and Interpersonal Problems. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:462-469. [PMID: 35753685 PMCID: PMC9233957 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the mediating effects of experiential avoidance and interpersonal problems on the relationship between social anxiety and social networking service (SNS) addiction proneness. METHODS An online survey was conducted on 400 university students in their 20s across Republic of Korea. The scales used in the study were the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), Korean Acceptance-Action Questionnaire-II (K-AAQ-II), Short form of the Korean Inventory of Interpersonal Problems Circumplex Scale (KIIP-SC), and SNS addiction proneness scale for university students. For data analysis, structural equation modeling was conducted, and phantom variables were used to verify the significance of individual indirect effects of the multiple mediation model. RESULTS Social anxiety had no direct effect on SNS addiction proneness. Experiential avoidance and interpersonal problems completely mediate the relationship between social anxiety and SNS addiction proneness sequentially. CONCLUSION Our result suggests that experiential avoidance leads to interpersonal problems and SNS addiction proneness. In other words, it is important to alleviate experiential avoidance in treating or preventing interpersonal problems and SNS addiction proneness among university students with social anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Su Kim
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Man Bae
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Doyle I, Catling JC. The Influence of Perfectionism, Self-Esteem and Resilience on Young People's Mental Health. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 156:224-240. [PMID: 35201966 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2022.2027854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study explored whether maladaptive perfectionism and low self-esteem constituted reliable risk factors of student mental illness, as well as determining whether resilience moderates these predictive relationships. 434 University undergraduate students were recruited. Depression and anxiety were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7). Perfectionism, self-esteem and resilience were analyzed in relation to the PHQ9 and GAD-7 scores via a regression analysis. Perfectionism discrepancy, self-esteem and resilience all significantly predicted depression and anxiety. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed a statistically significant amount of additional variance to be explained by resilience for depression and anxiety, than for perfectionism and self-esteem alone. Maladaptive perfectionism and low self-esteem predispose an individual to depression and anxiety, though resilience may act as a protective factor against development of mental illness.
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Lopez RB, Polletta I. Regulating Self-Image on Instagram: Links Between Social Anxiety, Instagram Contingent Self-Worth, and Content Control Behaviors. Front Psychol 2021; 12:711447. [PMID: 34512468 PMCID: PMC8424035 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.711447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Social media platforms have provided human beings with unprecedented ways to virtually connect with one another, creating a novel and complex arena for psychological research. Indeed, a growing body of research has uncovered links between social media use and various aspects of health and wellbeing. However, relatively little work has examined factors that characterize how people experience and regulate their online selves on particular platforms. In the present study, we recruited a large sample of active Instagram users (N = 247; ages 18-58) to complete a questionnaire battery that included measures of participants' social anxiety, their sense of self-worth tied to Instagram use, and specific content control behaviors on the Instagram platform (e.g., editing captions, disabling comments, etc.). Results indicated that participants with higher levels of social anxiety tended to have greater Instagram contingent self-worth, and this was then associated with some content control behaviors, including editing captions and photos and videos when sharing posts. These findings suggest that those who are more socially anxious interact with Instagram differently, and this may arise from self-worth that is wedded to their experiences on the platform. Overall, this work adds to a growing body of research highlighting the benefits and risks of social media use on psychological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Lopez
- Department of Psychology, Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY, United States
| | - Isabel Polletta
- Department of Psychology, Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY, United States
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11
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Ruggieri S, Santoro G, Pace U, Passanisi A, Schimmenti A. Problematic Facebook use and anxiety concerning use of social media in mothers and their offspring: An actor-partner interdependence model. Addict Behav Rep 2020; 11:100256. [PMID: 32467845 PMCID: PMC7244914 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has shown significant and positive associations between social anxiety of parents and their adolescent offspring. The main aim of this study was to investigate this relationship in the social media (SM) context. We tested one hundred and fifty-two couples comprising mothers and their adolescent offspring (12-14 years old) on their levels of problematic Facebook use (PFU) and social anxiety concerning SM use. An actor-partner interdependence model highlighted the positive relationship between the PFU scores of mothers and their offspring on the levels of SM social anxiety in the offspring. We discuss the results in the context of intergenerational transfer of problematic technology use and social anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ruggieri
- Università degli Studi di Enna “Kore”, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Enna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Santoro
- Università degli Studi di Enna “Kore”, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Enna, Italy
| | - Ugo Pace
- Università degli Studi di Enna “Kore”, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Enna, Italy
| | - Alessia Passanisi
- Università degli Studi di Enna “Kore”, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Enna, Italy
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- Università degli Studi di Enna “Kore”, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Enna, Italy
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12
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Woodgate RL, Tailor K, Tennent P, Wener P, Altman G. The experience of the self in Canadian youth living with anxiety: A qualitative study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228193. [PMID: 32004336 PMCID: PMC6993971 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety can create serious disruption in the life and mind of youth who are affected. Youth living with anxiety suffer a wealth of physical and psychological challenges, yet little is known about how anxiety influences the sense of the self. The purpose of this research was to explore the experience of the self in a sample of Canadian youth living with anxiety. MATERIALS AND METHODS The qualitative research approach of hermeneutic phenomenology was used. The sample consisted of 58 Canadian youth with anxiety, 44 females and 14 males between the ages of 10 and 22. Youth took part in open-ended interviewing, ecomaps, and photovoice. Data analysis followed a staged process, informed by Max van Manen. All sources of data were included in the analysis to form thematic statements. RESULTS Entering into the lifeworld of youth revealed that they suffered deeply. A fractured sense of self underlined their experience, setting up for a great deal of self-scrutiny and a lack of self-compassion. They experienced a profound sense of responsibility for others at the loss of being-there-for-oneself. Navigating their social sphere presented an additional challenge. However, youth were genuinely interested in self-discovery through awareness and reflection. CONCLUSIONS The phenomenological accounts by youth on living with anxiety reinforce the challenges they experienced within themselves that give rise to a great deal of inner turmoil. Care and support to youth with anxiety requires an understanding of the ways in which the self may be fractured by their experiences with anxiety. Providing young people with an opportunity to share with others who had similar lived experiences can serve to contribute to a sense of healing for youth, while also providing a safe space in which young people can let down their guard and openly acknowledge or share their experiences without fear of stigmatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta L. Woodgate
- College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ketan Tailor
- Counseling and Psychological Services, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Pauline Tennent
- College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Pamela Wener
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gary Altman
- Department of Psychiatry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba and PsycHealth Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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13
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Whitaker C, Gough B, Fawkner H, Deighton-Smith N. Young men's body dissatisfaction: A qualitative analysis of anonymous online accounts. J Health Psychol 2019; 26:636-649. [PMID: 30819027 DOI: 10.1177/1359105319832352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Associated with numerous adverse health outcomes, body dissatisfaction in young men requires close examination. This study explores online accounts relating to male body image, including young men's personal disclosures within one online newspaper article, and posts responding to this topic. Discursively informed thematic analysis indicated that non-disclosure was considered a problematic social expectation by the young men featured in the article. Also, reader posts variously constructed body dissatisfaction as a symptom of adolescence, a lack of self-care and an incapacity to capitalise on compensatory qualities. Our analysis suggests young men may welcome safe opportunities to critically discuss prevailing body image ideals.
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14
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Chen Y, Li R, Zhang P, Liu X. The Moderating Role of State Attachment Anxiety and Avoidance Between Social Anxiety and Social Networking Sites Addiction. Psychol Rep 2019; 123:633-647. [PMID: 30612521 DOI: 10.1177/0033294118823178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the relationships among social anxiety, social networking sites (SNS) addiction, and SNS addiction tendency and further to examine the moderating role of state attachment anxiety and state attachment avoidance. A sample of Chinese young adults (N = 437, Mage = 24.21 ± 3.25, 129 males) participated in this study, the data were collected through self-reports. Results revealed that participants' social anxiety was positively associated with SNS addiction and SNS addiction tendency. State attachment anxiety moderated these two relationships after controlling gender, age, and state attachment avoidance, while state attachment avoidance showed no significant moderating effect. Specifically, the positive relationships between social anxiety and SNS addiction (tendency) were restricted to individuals with low state attachment anxiety. While for individuals with high state attachment anxiety, social anxiety was no longer associated with SNS addiction or SNS addiction tendency. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of state attachment's moderating role in terms of the relationships between social anxiety and SNS addiction (tendency).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ruoxuan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
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15
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KAIEDA AK, BULGARELI JV, CUNHA IPD, VEDOVELLO SAS, GUERRA LM, AMBROSANO GMB, PEREIRA AC, PARANHOS LR, CORTELLAZZI KL. Malocclusion and dental appearance in underprivileged Brazilian adolescents. Braz Oral Res 2019; 33:e014. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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16
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Di Blasi M, Muccioli P, Alagna M, Torres D, Duca I, Tosto C. Self-image and psychological distress in treatment-seeking adolescents. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2018; 23:258-265. [PMID: 32677294 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence has been recognized as a critical period for mental health during which it is fundamental to the well-being of adolescents to provide early and appropriate mental health interventions. Self-image perceptions play a particularly relevant role during adolescence since individuals are extensively involved in reorganizing their identity and relationships. Although the self-image development implies adaptive outcomes for most adolescents, some age-related tasks can be difficult to deal with and lead to psychological suffering for a minority of them. METHOD This study examined how domain-specific self-image was associated with psychological distress in 128 treatment-seeking adolescents aged 13-18 (60.9% female). The adolescents completed the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire to measure their global and domain-specific self-image and the Youth-Outcome Questionnaire to assess their psychological distress. RESULTS Regression analyses indicated that impulse control, emotional tone, family, and social functioning significantly predict worse psychological functioning in the entire group. Moreover, significant gender differences emerged showing a more complex set of risk factors among adolescent females, thus suggesting the need for gender-targeted preventive and treatment strategies. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight that adolescents' feelings and concerns about their self-image may be key factors to consider in planning, developing, and delivering effective public mental health services for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Di Blasi
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Muccioli
- Ambulatorio "Psicoterapia dell'età adolescenziale", Presidio Ospedaliero "Aiuto Materno", Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimo Alagna
- Ambulatorio "Psicoterapia dell'età adolescenziale", Presidio Ospedaliero "Aiuto Materno", Palermo, Italy
| | - Davide Torres
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ilda Duca
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Crispino Tosto
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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17
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Di Blasi M, Cavani P, Pavia L, Tosto C, La Grutta S, Lo Baido R, Giordano C, Schimmenti A. Mediating Effects of Global Negative Effect Expectancies on the Association between Problematic Cannabis Use and Social Anxiety. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:249. [PMID: 29213247 PMCID: PMC5702633 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between social anxiety (SA) and cannabis use among adolescents and young adults is a highly debated topic. In this cross-sectional study, we tested whether cannabis use expectancies mediated the association between SA and cannabis use severity in a sample of 343 young adults (74.3% male) who used cannabis. They completed self-report measures for the screening of problematic cannabis use (Cannabis Use Problems Identification Test) and SA symptoms (Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and Social Phobia Scale). A multiple mediation analysis was used to test whether marijuana effect expectancies mediate SA effect on problematic cannabis use. SA was negatively associated with cannabis use severity in this sample, and we found evidence that cannabis use expectancies fully mediated this relationship. Specifically, global negative effect expectancies influence the relationship between SA and problematic cannabis use. These findings may inform current prevention strategies and clinical intervention for young adults who use cannabis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Di Blasi
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Cavani
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Pavia
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Crispino Tosto
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sabina La Grutta
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Lo Baido
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cecilia Giordano
- Department of Psychological and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, UKE, Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
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18
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Obonsawin MC, Carlisle J, Patterson CJ, Black K, Davidson KM, Masson N. Bias in beliefs about the self is associated with depressive but not anxious mood. Compr Psychiatry 2017; 74:180-188. [PMID: 28208079 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biases in beliefs about the self are associated with psychopathology and depressive and anxious mood, but it is not clear if both negative and positive beliefs are associated with depression or anxiety. We examined these relationships in people who present with a wide range of depressive and anxious mood across diagnostic categories. METHODS We probed positive and negative beliefs about the self with a task in which 74 female participants with either affective disorder (depression and/or anxiety), borderline personality disorder or no psychiatric history indicated the degree to which 60 self-related words was "like them" or "not like them". Depressive and anxious mood were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory-II and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS The participants with no psychiatric history (n=25) reported a positive bias in their beliefs about the self, the participants with affective disorder (n=23) reported no bias, and the participants with BPD (n=26) reported a negative bias. Two hierarchical multiple regressions demonstrated that the positive and negative beliefs contributed additively to the ratings of depression (corrected for anxiety), but did not contribute to the ratings of anxiety (corrected for depression). LIMITATIONS Despite the apparent small sample size, the regression analyses indicated adequate sampling. Anxiety is a much more heterogeneous condition than is depression, so it may be difficult to find relevant self-descriptors. Only measures of endorsement were used. CONCLUSIONS Biases in beliefs about the self are associated with depressed, but not anxious mood, across diagnostic categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Obonsawin
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Carlisle
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - C J Patterson
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - K Black
- Centre for Youth and Criminal Justice, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - K M Davidson
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Academic Centre, Gartnavel Royal Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - N Masson
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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19
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Barilla S, Felix K, Jorizzo JL. Stressors in Atopic Dermatitis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1027:71-77. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-64804-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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20
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Jalali-Farahani S, Alamdari S, Karimi M, Amiri P. Is overweight associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Tehranian school children? SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:313. [PMID: 27066345 PMCID: PMC4786555 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-1930-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the association between overweight and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Tehranian school children. A total of 631 school children aged 8-14 year old were selected from elementary and secondary schools, and body weight status was determined according to WHO growth references for 5-19 year old children. Children were categorized into the overweight and non-overweight groups. The HRQoL was assessed using Iranian versions of Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version™ 4.0 (PedsQL). Overweight elementary school boys had significantly higher scores for physical functioning, school functioning and total HRQoL, compared to non-overweight ones (p < 0.05). On the other hand, except for emotional functioning subscale, overweight secondary school boys had significantly lower HRQoL scores, compared to their non-overweight counterparts (p < 0.05). In girls, only social functioning subscale scores were significantly lower in elementary school girls compared to non-overweight ones (p < 0.05). Based on parents' perspective, overweight elementary school boys had poorer HRQoL compared to their non-overweight counterparts, significant only for emotional functioning (p < 0.05). For secondary school boys, overweight boys had lower HRQoL scores compared to non-overweight ones, significant for all subscales except for emotional functioning. Based on parents' reports, in both elementary and secondary school girls, there were no significant differences in HRQoL scores between overweight and non-overweight groups. To conclude, in boys while overweight significantly increased HRQoL in children, it significantly decreased HRQoL among adolescents. However, except for social functioning in elementary school girls, there was no significant association between HRQoL scores and overweight. Parents' reports showed an association between overweight and HRQoL, only in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Jalali-Farahani
- />Research Center for Social Determinants of Endocrine Health and Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, I. R. Iran
| | - Shahram Alamdari
- />Medical Research Development Research Center and Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I. R. Iran
| | - Mehrdad Karimi
- />Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I. R. Iran
| | - Parisa Amiri
- />Research Center for Social Determinants of Endocrine Health and Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, I. R. Iran
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