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Dubot P, Sabourdy F, Levade T. Human genetic defects of sphingolipid synthesis. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024. [PMID: 38706107 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are ubiquitous lipids, present in the membranes of all cell types, the stratum corneum and the circulating lipoproteins. Autosomal recessive as well as dominant diseases due to disturbed sphingolipid biosynthesis have been identified, including defects in the synthesis of ceramides, sphingomyelins and glycosphingolipids. In many instances, these gene variants result in the loss of catalytic function of the mutated enzymes. Additional gene defects implicate the subcellular localization of the sphingolipid-synthesizing enzyme, the regulation of its activity, or even the function of a sphingolipid-transporter protein. The resulting metabolic alterations lead to two major, non-exclusive types of clinical manifestations: a neurological disease, more or less rapidly progressive, associated or not with intellectual disability, and an ichthyotic-type skin disorder. These phenotypes highlight the critical importance of sphingolipids in brain and skin development and homeostasis. The present article reviews the clinical symptoms, genetic and biochemical alterations, pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic options of this relatively novel group of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Dubot
- Unité Mixte de Recherche INSERM 1037, CNRS 5071, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
- Centre de Recherches, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Frédérique Sabourdy
- Unité Mixte de Recherche INSERM 1037, CNRS 5071, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- Unité Mixte de Recherche INSERM 1037, CNRS 5071, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
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2
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Sutter CH, Azim S, Wang A, Bhuju J, Simpson AS, Uberoi A, Grice EA, Sutter TR. Ligand Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Upregulates Epidermal Uridine Diphosphate Glucose Ceramide Glucosyltransferase and Glucosylceramides. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1964-1972.e4. [PMID: 37004877 PMCID: PMC10529782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.1662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Ligand activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) accelerates keratinocyte differentiation and the formation of the epidermal permeability barrier. Several classes of lipids, including ceramides, are critical to the epidermal permeability barrier. In normal human epidermal keratinocytes, the AHR ligand, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, increased RNA levels of ceramide metabolism and transport genes: uridine diphosphate glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase (UGCG), ABCA12, GBA1, and SMPD1. Levels of abundant skin ceramides were also increased by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. These included the metabolites synthesized by UGCG, glucosylceramides, and acyl glucosylceramides. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequence analysis and luciferase reporter assays identified UGCG as a direct AHR target. The AHR antagonist, GNF351, inhibited the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-mediated RNA and transcriptional increases. Tapinarof, an AHR ligand approved for the treatment of psoriasis, increased UGCG RNA, protein, and its lipid metabolites hexosylceramides as well as increased the RNA expression of ABCA12, GBA1, and SMPD1. In Ahr-null mice, Ugcg RNA and hexosylceramides were lower than those in the wild type. These results indicate that the AHR regulates the expression of UGCG, a ceramide-metabolizing enzyme required for ceramide trafficking, keratinocyte differentiation, and epidermal permeability barrier formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Hayes Sutter
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Shafquat Azim
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anyou Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jyoti Bhuju
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Sanegene Bio USA, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amelia S Simpson
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Aayushi Uberoi
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Grice
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas R Sutter
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
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3
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Cas MD, Casati S, Roda G, Pablo Sardi S, Paroni R, di Fonzo A, Trinchera M. A sensitive method for determining UDP-glucose: ceramide glucosyltransferase (UGCG) activity in biological samples using deuterated glucosylceramide as acceptor substrate. Glycobiology 2023; 33:88-94. [PMID: 36504340 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosylceramide synthase (UGCG) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids and its activity is related to the resistance to anticancer drugs and is involved in the derangement of metabolism in various diseases. Moreover, UGCG acts as a major controller of the balanced levels of individual brain sphingolipids that may trigger neurodegeneration in Gaucher disease and in Parkinson disease associated to pathogenic variants in the glucocerebrosidase-encoding gene GBA. We have developed an effective method for determining UGCG activity in vitro using deuterated ceramide as an acceptor, and quantitation of the formed deuterated glucosylceramide by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The method enabled us to determine the kinetic parameters of UGGC and the effect of the inhibitor GZ667161 on the enzyme activity expressed in model cells, as well as to measure UGCG specific activity in human fibroblasts using a simple crude cell homogenate. This novel approach may be useful in determining the actual UGCG activity levels in patient cells and tissues of animal models of diseases, and to study novel drugs targeting glycosphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Dei Cas
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Casati
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Roda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Pablo Sardi
- Rare and Neurologic Diseases Research, Sanofi, 350 Water St., Cambridge MA 02141, USA
| | - Rita Paroni
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessio di Fonzo
- Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Trinchera
- Department of Medicine and Surgery (DMC), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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4
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Shamseldin HE, Derar N, Alzaidan H, AlHathal N, Alfalah A, Abdulwahab F, Alzaid T, Alkeraye S, Alobaida SA, Alkuraya FS. PRSS8, encoding prostasin, is mutated in patients with autosomal recessive ichthyosis. Hum Genet 2023; 142:477-482. [PMID: 36715754 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02527-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Ichthyosis is a genetically heterogeneous genodermatosis characterized by severely rough, dry and scaly skin. We report two consanguineous families with congenital ichthyosis. Combined positional mapping and exome sequencing of the two families revealed novel homozygous likely deleterious variants in PRSS8 (encoding prostasin) within a linkage locus on chromosome 16. One variant involved a canonical splice site and was associated with reduced abundance of the normal transcript, while the other was a missense variant that altered a highly conserved residue. The phenotype of Prss8 knockout mouse bears a striking resemblance to the one we describe in human patients, including the skin histopathology. Our data suggest a novel PRSS8-related ichthyosis disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan E Shamseldin
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Derar
- Department of Medical Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Alzaidan
- Department of Medical Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif AlHathal
- Department of Urology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alfalah
- Department of Medical Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firdous Abdulwahab
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Alzaid
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Alkeraye
- Department of Dermatology, King Khalid University Hospital and College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud A Alobaida
- Department of Dermatology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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5
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Gutiérrez-Cerrajero C, Sprecher E, Paller AS, Akiyama M, Mazereeuw-Hautier J, Hernández-Martín A, González-Sarmiento R. Ichthyosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:2. [PMID: 36658199 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-022-00412-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The ichthyoses are a large, heterogeneous group of skin cornification disorders. They can be inherited or acquired, and result in defective keratinocyte differentiation and abnormal epidermal barrier formation. The resultant skin barrier dysfunction leads to increased transepidermal water loss and inflammation. Disordered cornification is clinically characterized by skin scaling with various degrees of thickening, desquamation (peeling) and erythema (redness). Regardless of the type of ichthyosis, many patients suffer from itching, recurrent infections, sweating impairment (hypohidrosis) with heat intolerance, and diverse ocular, hearing and nutritional complications that should be monitored periodically. The characteristic clinical features are considered to be a homeostatic attempt to repair the skin barrier, but heterogeneous clinical presentation and imperfect phenotype-genotype correlation hinder diagnosis. An accurate molecular diagnosis is, however, crucial for predicting prognosis and providing appropriate genetic counselling. Most ichthyoses severely affect patient quality of life and, in severe forms, may cause considerable disability and even death. So far, treatment provides only symptomatic relief. It is lifelong, expensive, time-consuming, and often provides disappointing results. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie these conditions is essential for designing pathogenesis-driven and patient-tailored innovative therapeutic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gutiérrez-Cerrajero
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amy S Paller
- Departments of Dermatology and Paediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | | | | | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
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6
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Inokuchi JI, Go S, Hirabayashi Y. Synthesis of O-Linked Glycoconjugates in the Nervous System. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 29:95-116. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12390-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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7
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Li N, Hua B, Chen Q, Teng F, Ruan M, Zhu M, Zhang L, Huo Y, Liu H, Zhuang M, Shen H, Zhu H. A sphingolipid-mTORC1 nutrient-sensing pathway regulates animal development by an intestinal peroxisome relocation-based gut-brain crosstalk. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111140. [PMID: 35905721 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mTOR-dependent nutrient-sensing and response machinery is the central hub for animals to regulate their cellular and developmental programs. However, equivalently pivotal nutrient and metabolite signals upstream of mTOR and developmental-regulatory signals downstream of mTOR are not clear, especially at the organism level. We previously showed glucosylceramide (GlcCer) acts as a critical nutrient and metabolite signal for overall amino acid levels to promote development by activating the intestinal mTORC1 signaling pathway. Here, through a large-scale genetic screen, we find that the intestinal peroxisome is critical for antagonizing the GlcCer-mTORC1-mediated nutrient signal. Mechanistically, GlcCer deficiency, inactive mTORC1, or prolonged starvation relocates intestinal peroxisomes closer to the apical region in a kinesin- and microtubule-dependent manner. Those apical accumulated peroxisomes further release peroxisomal-β-oxidation-derived glycolipid hormones that target chemosensory neurons and downstream nuclear hormone receptor DAF-12 to arrest the animal development. Our data illustrate a sophisticated gut-brain axis that predominantly orchestrates nutrient-sensing-dependent development in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Beilei Hua
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qing Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Fukang Teng
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Meiyu Ruan
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Mengnan Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yinbo Huo
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Hongqin Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Min Zhuang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Huali Shen
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Systems Biology for Medicine and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huanhu Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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8
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Xiao C, Rossignol F, Vaz FM, Ferreira CR. Inherited disorders of complex lipid metabolism: A clinical review. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:809-825. [PMID: 33594685 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over 80 human diseases have been attributed to defects in complex lipid metabolism. A majority of them have been reported recently in the setting of rapid advances in genomic technology and their increased use in clinical settings. Lipids are ubiquitous in human biology and play roles in many cellular and intercellular processes. While inborn errors in lipid metabolism can affect every organ system with many examples of genetic heterogeneity and pleiotropy, the clinical manifestations of many of these disorders can be explained based on the disruption of the metabolic pathway involved. In this review, we will discuss the physiological function of major pathways in complex lipid metabolism, including nonlysosomal sphingolipid metabolism, acylceramide metabolism, de novo phospholipid synthesis, phospholipid remodeling, phosphatidylinositol metabolism, mitochondrial cardiolipin synthesis and remodeling, and ether lipid metabolism as well as common clinical phenotypes associated with each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changrui Xiao
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Francis Rossignol
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos R Ferreira
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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9
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Li Z, Zhang L, Liu D, Wang C. Ceramide glycosylation and related enzymes in cancer signaling and therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111565. [PMID: 33887691 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides, the core of the sphingolipid metabolism, draw wide attention as tumor suppressor, and act directly on mitochondria to trigger apoptotic cell death. Ceramide-based therapies are being developed by using promote ceramide generating agents. The ceramide metabolism balance is regulated by multifaceted factors in cancer development. Ceramide metabolic enzymes can increase the elimination of ceramide and counteract the anti-tumor effects of ceramide. However, recent research showed that these metabolic enzymes were highly expressed in several cancers. Especially ceramide glycosyltransferases, they catalyze ceramide glycosylation and synthesis the skeleton of glycosphingolipids (GSLs), play an important role in regulating tumor progression and have a significant correlation with the poor prognosis of cancer patients. To further understand the biological characteristics of ceramide metabolism in tumor, this review focuses on the role of ceramide glycosylation and related enzymes in cancer signaling and therapy. Besides, the research on multidrug resistance and potential inhibitors of ceramide glycosyltransferases are also discussed. Advance study on the structure of ceramide glycosyltransferases and ceramide glycosylation signaling pathway will open the path to new therapies and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibo Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Caiyan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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10
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Dabelsteen S, Pallesen EMH, Marinova IN, Nielsen MI, Adamopoulou M, Rømer TB, Levann A, Andersen MM, Ye Z, Thein D, Bennett EP, Büll C, Moons SJ, Boltje T, Clausen H, Vakhrushev SY, Bagdonaite I, Wandall HH. Essential Functions of Glycans in Human Epithelia Dissected by a CRISPR-Cas9-Engineered Human Organotypic Skin Model. Dev Cell 2020; 54:669-684.e7. [PMID: 32710848 PMCID: PMC7497784 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The glycome undergoes characteristic changes during histogenesis and organogenesis, but our understanding of the importance of select glycan structures for tissue formation and homeostasis is incomplete. Here, we present a human organotypic platform that allows genetic dissection of cellular glycosylation capacities and systematic interrogation of the roles of distinct glycan types in tissue formation. We used CRISPR-Cas9 gene targeting to generate a library of 3D organotypic skin tissues that selectively differ in their capacity to produce glycan structures on the main types of N- and O-linked glycoproteins and glycolipids. This tissue library revealed distinct changes in skin formation associated with a loss of features for all tested glycoconjugates. The organotypic skin model provides phenotypic cues for the distinct functions of glycoconjugates and serves as a unique resource for further genetic dissection and identification of the specific structural features involved. The strategy is also applicable to other organotypic tissue models. Glycosphingolipids tune cell signaling and impact epithelial barrier formation Complex N-glycans govern wound healing and lamellar body functions in human skin Core-1 O-glycans are essential for cell-cell adhesion and human tissue differentiation Notch O-fucosylation and O-glucosylation have distinct roles in human tissue formation
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Dabelsteen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil M H Pallesen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Irina N Marinova
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mathias I Nielsen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Adamopoulou
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Troels B Rømer
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Asha Levann
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel M Andersen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zilu Ye
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Thein
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric P Bennett
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Büll
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sam J Moons
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Boltje
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, the Netherlands
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sergey Y Vakhrushev
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ieva Bagdonaite
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans H Wandall
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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11
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Pant DC, Aguilera-Albesa S, Pujol A. Ceramide signalling in inherited and multifactorial brain metabolic diseases. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 143:105014. [PMID: 32653675 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, research on sphingolipids, particularly ceramides, has attracted increased attention, revealing the important roles and many functions of these molecules in several human neurological disorders. The nervous system is enriched with important classes of sphingolipids, e.g., ceramide and its derivatives, which compose the major portion of this group, particularly in the form of myelin. Ceramides have also emerged as important nodes for lipid signalling, both inside the cell and between cells. Until recently, knowledge about ceramides in the nervous system was limited, but currently, multiple links between ceramide signalling and neurological diseases have been reported. Alterations in the regulation of ceramide pathobiology have been shown to influence the risk of developing neurometabolic diseases. Thus, these molecules are critically important in the maintenance and development of the nervous system and are culprits or major contributors to the development of brain disorders, either inherited or multifactorial. In the present review, we highlight the critical role of ceramide signalling in several different neurological disorders as well as the effects of their perturbations and discuss how this emerging class of bioactive sphingolipids has attracted interest in the field of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh C Pant
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Sergio Aguilera-Albesa
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Health Service Hospital, Irunlarrea 4, 310620 Pamplona, Spain; Navarrabiomed-Miguel Servet Research Foundation, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, IDIBELL, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Gran Via 199, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
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The Link between Gaucher Disease and Parkinson's Disease Sheds Light on Old and Novel Disorders of Sphingolipid Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133304. [PMID: 31284408 PMCID: PMC6651136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipid metabolism starts with the biosynthesis of ceramide, a bioactive lipid and the backbone for the biosynthesis of complex sphingolipids such as sphingomyelin and glycosphingolipids. These are degraded back to ceramide and then to sphingosine, which enters the ceramide–sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling pathway or is further degraded. Several enzymes with multiple catalytic properties and subcellular localizations are thus involved in such metabolism. Hereditary defects of lysosomal hydrolases have been known for several years to be the cause of lysosomal storage diseases such as gangliosidoses, Gaucher disease, Niemann–Pick disease, Krabbe disease, Fabry disease, and Farber disease. More recently, many other inborn errors of sphingolipid metabolism have been recognized, involving enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of ceramide, sphingomyelin, and glycosphingolipids. Concurrently, epidemiologic and biochemical evidence has established a link between Gaucher disease and Parkinson’s disease, showing that glucocerebrosidase variants predispose individuals to α-synuclein accumulation and neurodegeneration even in the heterozygous status. This appears to be due not only to lysosomal overload of non-degraded glucosylceramide, but to the derangement of vesicle traffic and autophagy, including mitochondrial autophagy, triggered by both sphingolipid intermediates and misfolded proteins. In this review, old and novel disorders of sphingolipid metabolism, in particular those of ganglioside biosynthesis, are evaluated in light of recent investigations of the link between Gaucher disease and Parkinson’s disease, with the aim of better understanding their pathogenic mechanisms and addressing new potential therapeutic strategies.
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Dunn TM, Tifft CJ, Proia RL. A perilous path: the inborn errors of sphingolipid metabolism. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:475-483. [PMID: 30683667 PMCID: PMC6399501 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.s091827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The sphingolipid (SL) metabolic pathway generates structurally diverse lipids that have roles as membrane constituents and as bioactive signaling molecules. The influence of the SL metabolic pathway in biology is pervasive; it exists in all mammalian cells and has roles in many cellular and physiological pathways. Human genetic diseases have long been recognized to be caused by mutations in the pathway, but until recently these mutational defects were only known to affect lysosomal SL degradation. Now, with a nearly complete delineation of the genes constituting the SL metabolic pathway, a growing number of additional genetic disorders caused by mutations in genes within other sectors of the pathway (de novo ceramide synthesis, glycosphingolipid synthesis, and nonlysosomal SL degradation) have been recognized. Although these inborn disorders of SL metabolism are clinically heterogeneous, some common pathogenic mechanisms, derived from the unique properties and functions of the SLs, underlie several of the diseases. These mechanisms include overaccumulation of toxic or bioactive lipids and the disruption of specific critical cellular and physiological processes. Many of these diseases also have commonalities in physiological systems affected, such as the nervous system and skin. While inborn disorders of SL metabolism are rare, gene variants in the pathway have been linked to increased susceptibility to Parkinson’s disease and childhood asthma, implying that the SL metabolic pathway may have a role in these disorders. A more complete understanding of the inborn errors of SL metabolism promises new insights into the convergence of their pathogenesis with those of common human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa M Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814
| | - Cynthia J Tifft
- Office of the Clinical Director and Medical Genetics Branch National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Richard L Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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