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Wang R, Yu C, Tang Z, Sun J, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Lin B, Li C. Leptin induces altered differentiation of keratinocytes by inducing insulin resistance: implications for metabolic syndrome-induced resistance of psoriatic therapy. J DERMATOL TREAT 2024; 35:2309305. [PMID: 38297481 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2024.2309305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Background: Psoriatic patients tend to develop metabolic syndrome (MS). MS accelerates psoriasis, but the exact molecular mechanisms are poorly understood.Objectives: We aim to investigate the impact of leptin on keratinocyte insulin sensitivity and explore its underlying molecular mechanism, which might play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease.Methods: ELISA and immunohistochemistry were applied respectively to detect the level of leptin in serum and in lesion of psoriatic patients with and without MS. The HaCaT cell line was cultured and western-blot assay was performed to assess the change of insulin sensibility. q-PCR and western-blot assay were applied to detect the SOCS3 expressions. Knockdown of SOCS3 were generated in HaCaT cell line by siRNA. Leptin and insulin were treated for 6 days and K10 expression was evaluated by western-blot assay.Results: Patients with MS had higher level of leptin in serum and lesions than their counterparts without MS. Serum levels of leptin was negatively correlated to PASI decline index in psoriatic patients. Long-term treatment of leptin induced insulin resistance in HaCaT cell line, as indicated by elevated expression of p-IRS-1 (ser636) and lower p-PKB (ser473). Leptin treatment up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of SOCS3. Knockdown of SOCS3 blocked the effect of leptin-induced insulin resistance. Leptin treatment attenuated insulin-elicited K10 expression.Conclusions: Leptin induces insulin resistance by upregulating SOCS3 and give rise to differentiation disorder of keratinocyte. Insulin resistance may serve as a target for anti-psoriatic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chongli Yu
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zijie Tang
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Youlin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenkai Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Biwen Lin
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chengxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Schmuth M, Eckmann S, Moosbrugger-Martinz V, Ortner-Tobider D, Blunder S, Trafoier T, Gruber R, Elias PM. Skin Barrier in Atopic Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:989-1000.e1. [PMID: 38643989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
A compromised permeability barrier is a hallmark of atopic dermatitis (AD). Localized to the outermost skin layer, the stratum corneum (SC) is critically dependent on terminal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes, which transform into protein-rich corneocytes surrounded by extracellular lamellae of unique epidermal lipids, conferring permeability barrier function. These structures are disrupted in AD. A leaky barrier is prone to environmental insult, which in AD elicits type 2-dominant inflammation, in turn resulting in a vicious cycle further impairing the SC structure. Therapies directed at enforcing SC structure and anti-inflammatory strategies administered by topical and systemic route as well as UV therapy have differential effects on the permeability barrier. The expanding armamentarium of therapeutic modalities for AD treatment warrants optimization of their effects on permeability barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schmuth
- Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute for Pediatric Dermatology and Rare Diseases, Karl Landsteiner Society, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Sonja Eckmann
- Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Stefan Blunder
- Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Trafoier
- Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Robert Gruber
- Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute for Pediatric Dermatology and Rare Diseases, Karl Landsteiner Society, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter M Elias
- Dermatology, Veteran Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Jiao Q, Zhi L, You B, Wang G, Wu N, Jia Y. Skin homeostasis: Mechanism and influencing factors. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:1518-1526. [PMID: 38409936 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The skin is the largest organ in the human body, not only resisting the invasion of harmful substances, but also preventing the loss of moisture and nutrients. Maintaining skin homeostasis is a prerequisite for the proper functioning of the body. Any damage to the skin can lead to a decrease in local homeostasis, such as ultraviolet radiation, seasonal changes, and air pollution, which can damage the skin tissue and affect the function of the skin barrier. OBJECTIVE This article reviews the maintenance mechanism and influencing factors of skin homeostasis and the symptoms of homeostasis imbalance. METHODS We searched for articles published between 1990 and 2022 in English and Chinese using PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and other databases in the subject area of dermatology, using the following search terms in various combinations: "skin homeostasis," "skin barrier," and "unstable skin." Based on our results, we further refined our search criteria to include a series of common skin problems caused by the destruction of skin homeostasis and its treatments. Limitations include the lack of research on dermatological and cosmetic problems triggered by the disruption of skin homeostasis. RESULTS This study describes the neuroendocrine-immune system, skin barrier structure, and skin metabolic system that maintain skin homeostasis. In addition, we discuss several common symptoms that occur when skin homeostasis is out of balance, such as dryness, redness, acne, sensitivity, and aging, and explain the mechanism of these symptoms. CONCLUSION This article provides an update and review for students and practitioners, and provides a theoretical basis for the development of skin care products for the maintenance and repair of skin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic of China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Leilei Zhi
- R&D Center, PeiLai Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing You
- R&D Center, PeiLai Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Nan Wu
- R&D Center, PeiLai Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic of China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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Morgenstern AR, Peterson LF, Arnold KA, Brewer MG. Differentiation of keratinocytes or exposure to type 2 cytokines diminishes S. aureus internalization. mSphere 2024; 9:e0068523. [PMID: 38501828 PMCID: PMC11036805 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00685-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections. Colonization by this bacterium is increased in individuals with chronic cutaneous diseases such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and bullous pemphigoid. The greater abundance of S. aureus on the skin of subjects with atopic dermatitis in particular has been linked to recurrent cutaneous infections. The primary cell type of the epidermal layer of the skin is the keratinocyte, and it is thought that S. aureus internalized in keratinocytes associates with an increased incidence of skin infections. This study addresses whether keratinocyte differentiation and/or inflammation, two important characteristics altered in cutaneous diseases, influence bacterial internalization. To do this, S. aureus internalization was measured in immortalized and primary keratinocytes that were differentiated using high Ca2+-containing media and/or exposed to cytokines characteristic of atopic dermatitis (IL-4 and IL-13) or psoriasis (IL-17A and IL-22) skin. Our results indicate that S. aureus internalization is uniquely decreased upon keratinocyte differentiation, since this was not observed with another skin-resident bacterium, S. epidermidis. Additionally, treatment with IL-4 + IL-13 diminished bacterial internalization. We interpret this decrease as a mechanism of keratinocyte-based bacterial killing since a similar number of bacterial genomes were detected in cytokine-treated cells, but less viable internalized S. aureus was recovered. Finally, of the receptors reported for S. aureus binding/internalizing into keratinocytes, expression of the α5 component of the α5β1 integrin was in greatest accordance with the number of internalized bacteria in the context of keratinocyte differentiation.IMPORTANCEIndividuals with chronic cutaneous diseases demonstrate heightened susceptibility for severe and recurrent infections from Staphylococcus aureus. What drives this altered susceptibility remains poorly understood. Previous publications have detected S. aureus as deep as the dermal layer of skin in subjects with atopic dermatitis, suggesting that the cutaneous environment of this disease enables deeper bacterial infiltration than occurs in healthy individuals. This observation indicates that S. aureus has greater opportunity to interact with multiple skin cell types in individuals with chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Identifying the characteristics of the skin that influence bacterial internalization, a common method to establish reservoirs and evade the immune response, is critical for our understanding of S. aureus pathogenesis. The significance of this research is the novel identification of epidermal characteristics that influence S. aureus internalization. With this knowledge, methods can be developed to identify patient populations at greater risk for cutaneous infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liam F. Peterson
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Kimberly A. Arnold
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Matthew G. Brewer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
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Su YS, Cheng MJ, Kwan AL, Huang SP, Tyan YC, Chai CY, Huang B. The crude extract obtained from Cinnamomum macrostemon Hayata regulates oxidative stress and mitophagy in keratinocytes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2024; 88:529-537. [PMID: 38509025 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Four ethanol fractionated crude extracts (EFCEs [A-D]) purified from the leaves of Cinnamomum macrostemon Hayata were screened for antioxidative effects and mitochondrial function in HaCaT cells. The higher cell viability indicated that EFCE C was mildly toxic. Under the treatment of 50 ng/mL EFCE C, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cytosolic and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels were reduced as well as the H2O2-impaired cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP production, and mitochondrial mass. The conversion of globular mitochondria to tubular mitochondria is coincident with EFCE C-restored mitochondrial function. The mitophagy activator rapamycin showed similar effects to EFCE C in recovering the H2O2-impaired cell viability, MMP, ATP production, mitochondrial mass, and also mitophagic proteins such as PINK1, Parkin, LC3 II, and biogenesis protein PGC-1α. We thereby propose the application of EFCE C in the prevention of oxidative stress in skin cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Shun Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Cheng
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Aij-Lie Kwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ping Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chang Tyan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Li J, Cui D, Yang Z, Ma J, Liu J, Yu Y, Huang X, Xiang P. Health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in road dust via dermal exposure pathway from a low latitude plateau provincial capital city: The importance of toxicological verification. Environ Res 2024:118890. [PMID: 38615791 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The human health risk assessment through the dermal exposure of metal(loid)s in dust from low latitude and high geological background plateau cities was largely unknown. In this study, the road dust samples were harvested from a typical low-latitude plateau provincial capital city Kunming, Southwest China. The total concentration and dermal bioaccessibility of heavy metal(loid)s in road dust were determined, and their health risks and cytotoxicity on human skin keratinocytes were also assessed. The average concentrations of As (28.5 mg/kg), Cd (2.65 mg/kg), Mn (671 mg/kg), and Zn (511 mg/kg) exceeded the soil background values. Arsenic had the highest bioaccessibility after 2 h (3.79%), 8 h (4.24%), and 24 h (16.6%) extraction. Although soil assessment methods showed no health risk in the total heavy metals assessment, based water assessments showed bioaccessible heavy metals As, Mn, Ni and Cd have non-carcinogenic risks for human. In addition, the dust extracts suppressed the cell viability, increased the Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and DNA damage, and eventually activated the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway, evidenced by the upregulation of Caspase-3/9, Bax, and Bak-1. Cadmium was positively correlated with the mRNA expression of Bax. Both dermal bioaccessibility and cytotoxicity should be considered for accurate human skin health risk assessment of heavy metals in road dust, which may provide new insight for accurate human health risk assessment and environmental management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Li
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Daolei Cui
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Ziyue Yang
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Jiaoyang Ma
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xianfeng Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ping Xiang
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China.
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Loftus SN, Gharaee-Kermani M, Xu B, Moore TM, Hannoudi A, Mallbris MJ, Klein B, Gudjonsson JE, Kahlenberg JM. Interferon alpha promotes caspase-8 dependent ultraviolet light-mediated keratinocyte apoptosis via interferon regulatory factor 1. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1384606. [PMID: 38660315 PMCID: PMC11039837 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1384606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ultraviolet (UV) light is a known trigger of both cutaneous and systemic disease manifestations in lupus patients. Lupus skin has elevated expression of type I interferons (IFNs) that promote increased keratinocyte (KC) death after UV exposure. The mechanisms by which KC cell death is increased by type I IFNs are unknown. Methods Here, we examine the specific cell death pathways that are activated in KCs by type I IFN priming and UVB exposure using a variety of pharmacological and genetic approaches. Mice that overexpress Ifnk in the epidermis were exposed to UVB light and cell death was measured. RNA-sequencing from IFN-treated KCs was analyzed to identify candidate genes for further analysis that could drive enhanced cell death responses after UVB exposure. Results We identify enhanced activation of caspase-8 dependent apoptosis, but not other cell death pathways, in type I IFN and UVB-exposed KCs. In vivo, overexpression of epidermal Ifnk resulted in increased apoptosis in murine skin after UVB treatment. This increase in KC apoptosis was not dependent on known death ligands but rather dependent on type I IFN-upregulation of interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1). Discussion These data suggest that enhanced sensitivity to UV light exhibited by lupus patients results from type I IFN priming of KCs that drives IRF1 expression resulting in caspase-8 activation and increased apoptosis after minimal exposures to UVB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon N. Loftus
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Mehrnaz Gharaee-Kermani
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Bin Xu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Tyson M. Moore
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Andrew Hannoudi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Mischa J. Mallbris
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Benjamin Klein
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - J. Michelle Kahlenberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Philip DT, Goins NM, Catanzaro NJ, Misumi I, Whitmire JK, Atkins HM, Lazear HM. Interferon lambda restricts herpes simplex virus skin disease by suppressing neutrophil-mediated pathology. mBio 2024; 15:e0262323. [PMID: 38426749 PMCID: PMC11005406 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02623-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Type III interferons (IFN-λ) are antiviral and immunomodulatory cytokines that have been best characterized in respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, but the effects of IFN-λ against skin infections have not been extensively investigated. We sought to define the skin-specific effects of IFN-λ against the highly prevalent human pathogen, herpes simplex virus (HSV). We infected mice lacking the IFN-λ receptor (Ifnlr1-/-), both the IFN-λ and the IFN-α/β receptors (Ifnar1-/-Ifnlr1-/-), or IFN-λ cytokines (Ifnl2/3-/-) and found that IFN-λ restricts the severity of HSV-1 and HSV-2 skin lesions without affecting viral loads. We used RNAseq to define IFN-λ- and IFN-β-induced transcriptional responses in primary mouse keratinocytes. Using conditional knockout mice, we found that IFN-λ signaling in both keratinocytes and neutrophils was necessary to control HSV-1 skin lesion severity and that IFN-λ signaling in keratinocytes suppressed CXCL9-mediated neutrophil recruitment to the skin. Furthermore, depleting neutrophils or blocking CXCL9 protected against severe HSV-1 skin lesions in Ifnlr1-/- mice. Altogether, our results suggest that IFN-λ plays an immunomodulatory role in the skin that restricts neutrophil-mediated pathology during HSV infection and suggests potential applications for IFN-λ in treating viral skin infections.IMPORTANCEType III interferons (IFN-λ) have been shown to have antiviral and immunomodulatory effects at epithelial barriers such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, but their effects on the skin have not been extensively investigated. We used mice lacking IFN-λ signaling to investigate the skin-specific effects of IFN-λ against the herpes simplex virus (HSV), which targets epithelial tissues to cause cold sores and genital herpes. We found that IFN-λ limited the severity of HSV skin lesions without affecting viral load and that this protective effect required IFN-λ signaling in both keratinocytes and neutrophils. We found that IFN-λ signaling in keratinocytes suppressed neutrophil recruitment to the skin and that depleting neutrophils protected against severe HSV skin lesions in the absence of IFN-λ. Altogether, our results suggest that IFN-λ plays an immunomodulatory role in the skin that restricts neutrophil-mediated pathology during HSV infection and suggests potential applications for IFN-λ in treating viral skin infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drake T. Philip
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nigel M. Goins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Catanzaro
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ichiro Misumi
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jason K. Whitmire
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hannah M. Atkins
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Helen M. Lazear
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Kang P, Wang Y, Chen J, Chang Y, Zhang W, Cui T, Yi X, Li S, Li C. TRPM2-dependent autophagy inhibition exacerbates oxidative stress-induced CXCL16 secretion by keratinocytes in vitiligo. J Pathol 2024; 262:441-453. [PMID: 38186269 DOI: 10.1002/path.6247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a depigmented skin disease due to the destruction of melanocytes. Under oxidative stress, keratinocyte-derived chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 16 (CXCL16) plays a critical role in recruiting CD8+ T cells, which kill melanocytes. Autophagy serves as a protective cell survival mechanism and impairment of autophagy has been linked to increased secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines. However, the role of autophagy in the secretion of CXCL16 under oxidative stress has not been investigated. Herein, we initially found that autophagy was suppressed in both keratinocytes of vitiligo lesions and keratinocytes exposed to oxidative stress in vitro. Autophagy inhibition also promoted CXCL16 secretion. Furthermore, upregulated transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2 (TRPM2) functioned as an upstream oxidative stress sensor to inhibit autophagy. Moreover, TRPM2-mediated Ca2+ influx activated calpain to shear autophagy related 5 (Atg5) and Atg12-Atg5 conjugate formation was blocked to inhibit autophagy under oxidative stress. More importantly, Atg5 downregulation enhanced the binding of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) to the CXCL16 promoter region by activating Tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), thus promoting CXCL16 secretion. These findings suggested that TRPM2-restrained autophagy promotes CXCL16 secretion via the Atg5-TBK1-IRF3 signaling pathway under oxidative stress. Inhibition of TRPM2 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of vitiligo. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yinghan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jianru Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yuqian Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Weigang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Tingting Cui
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiuli Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shuli Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
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10
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Daly K, Ball C, Thomas H, Krishnen R. Improved in vitro wound healing in response to a superoxidised solution. J Wound Care 2024; 33:S4-S13. [PMID: 38573949 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2024.33.sup4.s4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed wound healing in response to a superoxidised solution using an in vitro wound healing model. METHOD Prewounded reconstructed full-thickness human skin models were treated with 10µl of either superoxidised solution (Hydrocyn aqua, Bactiguard South East Asia Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia) or Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (DPBS) and incubated at 37°C for up to seven days, with additional treatments added every 48 hours. On days 0, 1, 2, 5 and 7, triplicate samples were taken for specific immunostaining against cytokeratin 14 and vimentin. At each timepoint, horizontal and vertical wound diameters were measured to demonstrate wound closure. Maintenance media was taken at the same timepoints for the measurement of secreted proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-ɑ. RESULTS At day 1, the superoxidised solution induced significantly lower diameter measurements compared with baseline data at day 0. Both treatment groups demonstrated significantly lower diameter measurements by day 2 when compared with the baseline; however, the average wound size of samples treated with the superoxidised solution was significantly lower when compared to the DPBS-treated group (p<0.05). No significant difference in expression of any proinflammatory was identified at any timepoint. CONCLUSION Application of the superoxidised solution resulted in significantly improved wound closure over the first 48 hours in comparison to DPBS-treatment. Furthermore, application of the superoxidised solution did not induce significant proinflammatory effects, despite the significantly reduced wound diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Daly
- NAMSA, Techspace One SciTech Daresbury, Cheshire, UK
| | | | - Hannah Thomas
- NAMSA, Techspace One SciTech Daresbury, Cheshire, UK
| | - Ranjeni Krishnen
- Bactiguard South East Asia Sdn. Bhd, Simpang Ampat, 14100, Malaysia
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Huang YT, Chiu LY, Lu PH, Hsiao PF, Wang JY, Lu PH, Wu NL. AMPK activation modulates IL-36-induced inflammatory responses by regulating IκBζ expression in the skin. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38532634 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The interleukin (IL)-36 pathway is a critical player in the pathogenesis of pustular psoriasis. However, therapies targeting this pathway are limited or unaffordable (e.g. the anti-IL-36 receptor antibody). AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a regulator of cellular energy and metabolism, is known to participate in inflammatory diseases. However, its role in IL-36-induced skin inflammation remains unclear. Therefore, we sought to investigate the role of AMPK signals in regulating IL-36-induced responses in the skin. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH IL-36-stimulated primary normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and IL-36-injected (intradermally) BALB/c mice served as the cell and animal models, respectively. Additionally, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR) and A769662 served as AMPK activators. KEY RESULTS AICAR and A769662 significantly suppressed the IL-36-induced IL-8 (CXCL8) and CCL20 production from NHEKs. IL-36-induced IκBζ protein expression was prominently reduced and IKK/IκBα phosphorylation was attenuated by AICAR and A769662. Conversely, AMPKα knockdown increased IκBζ protein expression and IKK/IκBα phosphorylation in IL-36-treated NHEKs. Furthermore, AICAR and A769662 enhanced IL-36-induced-IκBζ protein degradation via the proteasome-dependent but not the lysosome-dependent pathway. Pretreatment of NHEKs with IL-36 slightly suppressed the AICAR- and A769662-triggered phosphorylation of AMPK and acetyl-CoA carboxylase. In the mouse model, topical application of AICAR significantly reduced ear swelling, redness, epidermal thickening, neutrophil infiltration and inflammatory and antimicrobial peptide gene expression. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS AMPK activation suppresses IL-36-induced IL-8 and CCL20 release by regulating IκBζ expression in keratinocytes and reduces IL-36-induced skin inflammation in mice, suggesting that AMPK activation is a potential strategy for treating patients with IL-36-mediated inflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Huang
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ya Chiu
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsuan Lu
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pa-Fan Hsiao
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yu Wang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsun Lu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Lin Wu
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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12
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Li J, Zeng X, Chen S, Tang L, Zhang Q, Lv M, Lian W, Wang J, Lv H, Liu Y, Shen J, Uyama T, Wu F, Wu J, Xu J. The Treatment of Refractory Vitiligo With Autologous Cultured Epithelium Grafting: A Real-World Retrospective Cohort Study. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024:szae009. [PMID: 38513284 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical intervention is the main therapy for refractory vitiligo. We developed a modified autologous cultured epithelial grafting (ACEG) technique for vitiligo treatment. Between January 2015 and June 2019, a total of 726 patients with vitiligo underwent ACEG in China, with patient characteristics and clinical factors being meticulously documented. Using a generalized linear mixed model, we were able to assess the association between these characteristics and the repigmentation rate. RESULTS ACEG demonstrated a total efficacy rate of 82.81% (1754/2118) in treating 726 patients, with a higher repigmentation rate of 64.87% compared to conventional surgery at 52.69%. Notably, ACEG showed a better response in treating segmental vitiligo, lesions on lower limbs, age ≤ 18, and stable period > 3 years. A keratinocyte:melanocyte ratio below 25 was found to be advantageous too. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed an increase in melanocyte count and 2 subclusters of keratinocytes after ACEG, which remained higher in repigmented sites even after 1 year. CONCLUSIONS ACEG is a promising therapy for refractory vitiligo. Patient age, clinical type, lesion site, and stability before surgery influence repigmentation in ACEG. The mechanism of repigmentation after ACEG treatment is likely not confined to the restoration of melanocyte populations. It may also involve an increase in the number of keratinocytes that support melanocyte function within the affected area. These keratinocytes may aid the post-transplant survival and function of melanocytes by secreting cytokines and extracellular matrix components. TRIAL REGISTRATION registered with Chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2100051405).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanhao Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyan Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Minzi Lv
- Centre of Evidence Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiling Lian
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinqi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Haozhen Lv
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yating Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Taro Uyama
- ReMed Regenerative Medicine Clinical Application Institute, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuyue Wu
- ReMed Regenerative Medicine Clinical Application Institute, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- The Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- The Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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13
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Hasegawa T, Noguchi S, Nakashima M, Miyai M, Goto M, Matsumoto Y, Torii S, Honda S, Shimizu S. Alternative autophagy dampens UVB-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human keratinocytes. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107173. [PMID: 38499149 PMCID: PMC11002869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sunlight exposure results in an inflammatory reaction of the skin commonly known as sunburn, which increases skin cancer risk. In particular, the ultraviolet B (UVB) component of sunlight induces inflammasome activation in keratinocytes to instigate the cutaneous inflammatory responses. Here, we explore the intracellular machinery that maintains skin homeostasis by suppressing UVB-induced inflammasome activation in human keratinocytes. We found that pharmacological inhibition of autophagy promoted UVB-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Unexpectedly, however, gene silencing of Atg5 or Atg7, which are critical for conventional autophagy, had no effect, whereas gene silencing of Beclin1, which is essential not only for conventional autophagy but also for Atg5/Atg7-independent alternative autophagy, promoted UVB-induced inflammasome activation, indicating an involvement of alternative autophagy. We found that damaged mitochondria were highly accumulated in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes when alternative autophagy was inhibited, and they appear to be recognized by NLRP3. Overall, our findings indicate that alternative autophagy, rather than conventional autophagy, suppresses UVB-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the clearance of damaged mitochondria in human keratinocytes and illustrate a previously unknown involvement of alternative autophagy in inflammation. Alternative autophagy may be a new therapeutic target for sunburn and associated cutaneous disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saori Noguchi
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Makiko Goto
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Satoru Torii
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Honda
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeomi Shimizu
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Blakely WJ, Hatterschide J, White EA. HPV18 E7 inhibits LATS1 kinase and activates YAP1 by degrading PTPN14. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.07.583953. [PMID: 38496413 PMCID: PMC10942435 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.07.583953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) oncoproteins inactivate cellular tumor suppressors to reprogram host cell signaling pathways. HPV E7 proteins bind and degrade the tumor suppressor PTPN14, thereby promoting the nuclear localization of the YAP1 oncoprotein and inhibiting keratinocyte differentiation. YAP1 is a transcriptional coactivator that drives epithelial cell stemness and self-renewal. YAP1 activity is inhibited by the highly conserved Hippo pathway, which is frequently inactivated in human cancers. MST1/2 and LATS1/2 kinases form the core of the Hippo kinase cascade. Active LATS1 kinase is phosphorylated on threonine 1079 and inhibits YAP1 by phosphorylating it on amino acids including serine 127. Here, we tested the effect of high-risk (carcinogenic) HPV18 E7 on Hippo pathway activity. We found that either PTPN14 knockout or PTPN14 degradation by HPV18 E7 decreased phosphorylation of LATS1 T1079 and YAP1 S127 in human keratinocytes and inhibited keratinocyte differentiation. Conversely, PTPN14-dependent differentiation required LATS kinases and certain PPxY motifs in PTPN14. Neither MST1/2 kinases nor the putative PTPN14 phosphatase active site were required for PTPN14 to promote differentiation. Taken together, these data support that degradation of PTPN14 by HPV18 E7 reduces LATS1 activity, promoting active YAP1 and inhibiting keratinocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J. Blakely
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua Hatterschide
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Current address: Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. White
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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15
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Ngo QV, Faass L, Sähr A, Hildebrand D, Eigenbrod T, Heeg K, Nurjadi D. Corrigendum: Inflammatory response against Staphylococcus aureus via intracellular sensing of nucleic acids in keratinocytes. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1330357. [PMID: 38510256 PMCID: PMC10951745 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.828626.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Vinh Ngo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Larissa Faass
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Chair for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Aline Sähr
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dagmar Hildebrand
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tatjana Eigenbrod
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Heeg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dennis Nurjadi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Ji W, Zhang Q, Sun Z, Cheng Y. LncRNA H19 Inhibits Keratinocyte Cell Proliferation and Migration by Targeting miR-17-5p/RUNX1 Axis in Chronic Wounds. J Burn Care Res 2024; 45:366-372. [PMID: 37742288 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irad145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The migration and proliferation of keratinocytes are critical for re-epithelization during chronic wound healing. Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) has been indicated to repress keratinocyte proliferation. Nonetheless, the potential molecular mechanism of RUNX1 in regulating keratinocyte proliferation and migration remains unclear. Cell counting kit-8 and wound-healing assays were implemented for examining keratinocyte viability and migration, respectively. Western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were utilized for quantifying protein and RNA levels. Luciferase reporter assay was employed for verifying the interaction between RUNX1, miR-17-5p, and long noncoding RNA H19. The results showed that RUNX1 depletion promoted keratinocyte proliferation and migration and repressed extracellular matrix degradation. Mechanistically, H19 upregulated RUNX1 expression by competitively absorbing miR-17-5p. Rescue experiments revealed that overexpressing RUNX1 reversed H19 silencing-mediated effects on the phenotypes of keratinocytes. In conclusion, H19 knockdown promotes keratinocyte proliferation and migration and suppresses extracellular matrix degradation via the miR-17-5p/RUNX1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ji
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhibo Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yanyang Cheng
- Department of Paediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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17
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Smith NJ, Reddin I, Policelli P, Oh S, Zainal N, Howes E, Jenkins B, Tracy I, Edmond M, Sharpe B, Amendra D, Zheng K, Egawa N, Doorbar J, Rao A, Mahadevan S, Carpenter MA, Harris RS, Ali S, Hanley C, Buisson R, King E, Thomas GJ, Fenton TR. Differentiation signals induce APOBEC3A expression via GRHL3 in squamous epithelia and squamous cell carcinoma. Res Sq 2024:rs.3.rs-3997426. [PMID: 38496447 PMCID: PMC10942551 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3997426/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Two APOBEC (apolipoprotein-B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like) DNA cytosine deaminase enzymes (APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B) generate somatic mutations in cancer, driving tumour development and drug resistance. Here we used single cell RNA sequencing to study APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B expression in healthy and malignant mucosal epithelia, validating key observations with immunohistochemistry, spatial transcriptomics and functional experiments. Whereas APOBEC3B is expressed in keratinocytes entering mitosis, we show that APOBEC3A expression is confined largely to terminally differentiating cells and requires Grainyhead-like transcription factor 3 (GRHL3). Thus, in normal tissue, neither deaminase appears to be expressed at high levels during DNA replication, the cell cycle stage associated with APOBEC-mediated mutagenesis. In contrast, we show that in squamous cell carcinoma tissues, there is expansion of GRHL3 expression and activity to a subset of cells undergoing DNA replication and concomitant extension of APOBEC3A expression to proliferating cells. These findings indicate a mechanism for acquisition of APOBEC3A mutagenic activity in tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola J. Smith
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, UK
| | - Ian Reddin
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
- Bio-R Bioinformatics Research Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Paige Policelli
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Sunwoo Oh
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nur Zainal
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Emma Howes
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Benjamin Jenkins
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Ian Tracy
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Mark Edmond
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Benjamin Sharpe
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Damian Amendra
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Ke Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - John Doorbar
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Anjali Rao
- Gilead Sciences, Research Department, 324 Lakeside Dr. Foster City, CA 94404, USA
| | - Sangeetha Mahadevan
- Gilead Sciences, Research Department, 324 Lakeside Dr. Foster City, CA 94404, USA
| | - Michael A. Carpenter
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Reuben S. Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Simak Ali
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Christopher Hanley
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Rémi Buisson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Emma King
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Gareth J. Thomas
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Tim R. Fenton
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
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18
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Zhai S, Liu D, Liu H, Li W, Wang Z, Wang M, Chen L, Jiang H. Cold atmospheric plasma for chronic kidney disease-related skin disorders. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2024:gfae057. [PMID: 38429978 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfae057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS An estimated 80% of individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience concomitant skin disorders, yet experimental research that elucidates the pathological changes in CKD-affected skin is limited. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has shown promise in regulating keratinocyte proliferation, skin barrier function, and anti-inflammatory activity. We hypothesize that CAP emerges as a promising therapeutic avenue for CKD-related skin diseases. METHODS Male and female C57/BL6 mice were administered a 0.2% adenine diet to generate a CKD mouse model. Skin samples from dialysis patients were also collected. These models were used to investigate the pathological alterations in the renal glomeruli, tubules, and epidermis. Subsequently, the potential impact of CAP on the stratum corneum, keratinocytes, skin hydration, and inflammation in mice with CKD were examined. RESULTS Renal biopsies revealed glomerular and tubular atrophy, epithelial degeneration and necrosis in uriniferous tubules, and significant renal interstitial fibrosis. Skin biopsies from patients with CKD and mice showed stratum corneum thickening, epidermis atrophy, skin hydration dysfunction, and excessive inflammation. CAP attenuated skin atrophy, hydration dysfunction, and inflammation in mice with CKD, as evidenced by the activated level of YAP1/β-catenin and Nrf-2/OH-1, enhanced expression of K5 and Ki67, increased levels of AQP3, collagen I, and GLUT1, reduced infiltration of CD3+ T cells, and diminished levels of IL-6 and TNF-α. CONCLUSION This study provides valuable insights into the pathological changes in skin associated with CKD in both patients and animal models. It also establishes that CAP has the potential to effectively mitigate skin atrophy, hydration dysfunction, and inflammation, suggesting a novel therapeutic avenue for the treatment of CKD-related skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyue Zhai
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Central for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dingxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wanchun Li
- School of Future Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongli Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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19
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Kite J, Hill M, Preston N, Rubina A, Kollnberger S, Wang ECY, Elliott G. Downregulation of endogenous nectin1 in human keratinocytes by herpes simplex virus 1 glycoprotein D excludes superinfection but does not affect NK cell function. J Gen Virol 2024; 105:001969. [PMID: 38471041 PMCID: PMC10950026 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Many viruses downregulate their cognate receptors, facilitating virus replication and pathogenesis via processes that are not yet fully understood. In the case of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1), the receptor binding protein glycoprotein D (gD) has been implicated in downregulation of its receptor nectin1, but current understanding of the process is limited. Some studies suggest that gD on the incoming virion is sufficient to achieve nectin1 downregulation, but the virus-encoded E3 ubiquitin ligase ICP0 has also been implicated. Here we have used the physiologically relevant nTERT human keratinocyte cell type - which we have previously shown to express readily detectable levels of endogenous nectin1 - to conduct a detailed investigation of nectin1 expression during HSV1 infection. In these cells, nectin1, but not nectin2 or the transferrin receptor, disappeared from the cell surface in a process that required virus protein synthesis rather than incoming virus, but did not involve virus-induced host shutoff. Furthermore, gD was not only required but was sufficient for nectin1 depletion, indicating that no other virus proteins are essential. NK cells were shown to be activated in the presence of keratinocytes, a process that was greatly inhibited in cells infected with wild-type virus. However, degranulation of NK cells was also inhibited in ΔgD-infected cells, indicating that blocking of NK cell activation was independent of gD downregulation of nectin1. By contrast, a superinfection time-course revealed that the ability of HSV1 infection to block subsequent infection of a GFP-expressing HSV1 was dependent on gD and occurred in line with the timing of nectin1 downregulation. Thus, the role of gD-dependent nectin1 impairment during HSV infection is important for virus infection, but not immune evasion, which is achieved by other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Kite
- Section of Virology, Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Monica Hill
- Section of Virology, Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Natasha Preston
- Section of Virology, Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Anzelika Rubina
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Simon Kollnberger
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Eddie Chung Yern Wang
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Gillian Elliott
- Section of Virology, Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
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20
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Liu W, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhou M, Gu H, Lu M, Xia Y. Rh family C glycoprotein contributes to psoriatic inflammation through regulating the dysdifferentiation and cytokine secretion of keratinocytes. J Dermatol Sci 2024:S0923-1811(24)00030-6. [PMID: 38514279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Keratinocyte dysdifferentiation and proinflammatory cytokine production play a central role in psoriatic inflammation. According to recent studies, the Rh family C glycoprotein (RHCG) enhances cell proliferation and disrupts cell differentiation. However, the specific role of RHCG psoriasis development remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We here explored the effect of RHCG on keratinocytes under psoriatic inflammation. METHODS The cell counting kit‑8 assay was conducted to assess proliferation. RHCG protein expression was assessed through western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines and differentiation markers was analyzed through a quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. METHODS The cell counting kit‑8 assay was conducted to assess proliferation. RHCG protein expression was assessed through western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines and differentiation markers was analyzed through a quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Both RHCG mRNA and protein levels increased in psoriatic skin. Notably, cultured keratinocytes treated with an M5 cocktail, which mimics psoriatic inflammation, exhibited higher RHCG expression. Furthermore, RHCG overexpression promoted keratinocyte proliferation, accompanied by an increase in the production of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α. RHCG overexpression also resulted in higher expression of keratin 17, a differentiation marker. Conversely, RHCG gene knockdown reduced keratinocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion. RHCG inhibition in cells recovered both keratin 1 and loricrin expression. Additionally, RHCG overexpression facilitated the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase signaling pathways. Importantly, when these signaling pathways were inhibited, the effect of RHCG on keratinocytes was attenuated. CONCLUSION These findings support the substantial role of RHCG in psoriatic inflammation development and suggest that RHCG serves as a potential target for psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yitian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingzhu Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hanjiang Gu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mei Lu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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21
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Yerra P, Migliario M, Gino S, Sabbatini M, Bignotto M, Invernizzi M, Renò F. Polydopamine Blending Increases Human Cell Proliferation in Gelatin-Xanthan Gum 3D-Printed Hydrogel. Gels 2024; 10:145. [PMID: 38391475 PMCID: PMC10888377 DOI: 10.3390/gels10020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gelatin-xanthan gum (Gel-Xnt) hydrogel has been previously modified to improve its printability; now, to increase its ability for use as cell-laden 3D scaffolds (bioink), polydopamine (PDA), a biocompatible, antibacterial, adhesive, and antioxidant mussel-inspired biopolymer, has been added (1-3% v/v) to hydrogel. METHODS Control (CT) and PDA-blended hydrogels were used to print 1 cm2 grids. The hydrogels' printability, moisture, swelling, hydrolysis, and porosity were tested after glutaraldehyde (GTA) crosslinking, while biocompatibility was tested using primary human-derived skin fibroblasts and spontaneously immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Keratinocyte or fibroblast suspension (100 µL, 2.5 × 105 cells) was combined with an uncrosslinked CT and PDA blended hydrogel to fabricate cylinders (0.5 cm high, 1 cm wide). These cylinders were then cross-linked and incubated for 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. The presence of cells within various hydrogels was assessed using optical microscopy. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION PDA blending did not modify the hydrogel printability or physiochemical characteristics, suggesting that PDA did not interfere with GTA crosslinking. On the other hand, PDA presence strongly accelerated and increased both fibroblast and keratinocyte growth inside. This effect seemed to be linked to the adhesive abilities of PDA, which improve cell adhesion and, in turn, proliferation. CONCLUSIONS The simple PDA blending method described could help in obtaining a new bioink for the development of innovative 3D-printed wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetham Yerra
- Health Sciences Department, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli n.17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mario Migliario
- Traslational Medicine Department, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli n.17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Sarah Gino
- Health Sciences Department, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli n.17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sabbatini
- Department of Sciences and Innovative Technology, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Monica Bignotto
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via A. di Rudini n.8, 20142 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Invernizzi
- Health Sciences Department, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli n.17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Filippo Renò
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via A. di Rudini n.8, 20142 Milano, Italy
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Yang S, Kang W, Choi D, Roh J, Park T. Dihydromyrcenol Modulates Involucrin Expression through the Akt Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2246. [PMID: 38396923 PMCID: PMC10889318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The epidermis serves as a protective barrier against external threats and is primarily composed of keratinocytes, which ultimately form corneocytes. Involucrin, a protein integral to the cornified envelope, plays a pivotal role in preserving the functional integrity of the skin barrier. Previous studies have shown that Akt plays an important role in keratinocyte differentiation and skin barrier development. This study investigated whether dihydromyrcenol (DHM), a plant-derived terpene, could increase involucrin production in keratinocytes and sought to elucidate the possible underlying mechanisms. To accomplish this objective, we assessed the alterations in involucrin by DHM through quantitative PCR and Western blot on the HaCaT cell line. The changes in the promoter levels were investigated using luciferase assays. Furthermore, upstream mechanisms were explored through the use of siRNA and inhibitors. To strengthen our findings, the results were subsequently validated in primary cells and 3D skin equivalents. DHM significantly increased involucrin mRNA and protein levels in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the Fyn-Akt signaling pathway was found to be required for DHM-induced involucrin expression, as inhibition of Fyn or Akt blocked the increase in involucrin mRNA induced by DHM. The transcription factor Sp1, which is recognized as one of the transcription factors for involucrin, was observed to be activated in response to DHM treatment. Moreover, DHM increased epidermal thickness in a 3D human skin model. These findings suggest that the modulation of involucrin expression with DHM could improve skin barrier function and highlight the importance of manipulating the Akt pathway to achieve this improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Taesun Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.); (W.K.); (D.C.); (J.R.)
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23
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Hao S, Cong J, Ma Z, Xia Y, Zhang Y, Tong N, Tian J, Li Y. SPRR1B is Related to the Immune Microenvironment and Can Be Used as a Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Psoriasis. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:401-418. [PMID: 38333021 PMCID: PMC10849920 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s439845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory disorder with an unknown cause, significantly impacts the physical and psychological well-being of patients. However, current biomarkers related to psoriasis lack clinical specificity, sensitivity, and predictive ability. Methods In this study, we collected skin lesion tissues from 20 psoriasis patients and 20 normal skin samples. Additionally, we obtained four datasets from the GEO database, which included human psoriasis and healthy specimens. We utilized SVM-RFE analysis and the LASSO regression model to identify potential biomarkers. Furthermore, we examined the composition of immune cell types in psoriasis and their correlation with specific genes. Results Our investigation revealed 57 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and we identified significantly enriched pathways through KEGG pathway analysis. The results of machine learning and WGCNA suggested that LCE3D and SPRR1B could potentially be used as marker genes for diagnosing psoriasis. RT-PCR and immunohistochemical detection confirmed the abnormally high expression of the SPRR1B gene in psoriasis. Analysis of immune cell infiltration revealed a strong positive correlation between SPRR1B and Macrophages M0 and T cells follicular helper, while showing the strongest negative correlation with resting Mast cells. In addition, we found that silencing SPRR1B in IFN-γ-treated HaCat cells could significantly reduce the increase in IL-17, IL-22, KRT6, and KRT16 caused by IFN-γ. Conclusion These findings suggest that SPRR1B may have a significant role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and could be employed as a novel immunomarker for its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Hao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiuyi Cong
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Xia
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nannan Tong
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangtian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzhen Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
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24
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Srikanth M, Rasool M. Resistin - A Plausible Therapeutic Target in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:115-159. [PMID: 38054436 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2288836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Resistin, a cytokine hormone predominantly secreted by adipose tissue, is elevated in various metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. In addition to its involvement in metabolic regulation, resistin has been implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin disorder. Numerous studies have reported increased resistin levels in psoriatic skin lesions, suggesting a possible association between resistin and psoriasis. Recent studies have suggested the potential involvement of resistin in the development and progression of certain cancers. Resistin is overexpressed in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancers. This suggests that it may play a role in the development of these cancers, possibly by inducing inflammation and cell growth. The link between resistin and cancer raises the possibility of shared underlying mechanisms driving the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Chronic inflammation, one such mechanism, is a hallmark of psoriasis and cancer. Further research is needed to fully understand the relationship between resistin and psoriasis. Identifying potential therapeutic targets is crucial for effective management of psoriasis. By doing so, we may be able to develop more effective treatment options for individuals living with psoriasis and ultimately improve their quality of life. Ultimately, a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying the impact of resistin on psoriasis is essential for advancing our knowledge and finding new ways to treat and manage this challenging condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manupati Srikanth
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
| | - Mahaboobkhan Rasool
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India
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25
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Zhao Q, Wu Y, Wu X, Liu M, Nan L. Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals keratinocyte subpopulations contributing to psoriasis in corneum and granular layer. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13572. [PMID: 38279596 PMCID: PMC10818132 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease that is common and relapses easily. While the importance of keratinocyte proliferation in psoriasis development is well-documented, the specific functional subpopulations of epidermal keratinocytes associated with this disease remain enigmatic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Therefore, in our analysis of single-cell transcriptome data from both normal and psoriatic skin tissues, we observed significant increases in certain keratinocytes in the stratum corneum (KC) and stratum granulosum (KG) within psoriatic skin. Furthermore, we identified upregulated expression of specific secreted factors known to promote inflammatory responses. Additionally, we conducted a KEGG pathway enrichment analysis on these identified subsets. RESULTS In the stratum corneum, the expression of FTL was upregulated in HIST1H1C+ KC. S100P+ KC displayed a significant increase in the expression of both S100P and S100A10, whereas PRR9+ KC showed upregulated expression of DEFB4B, S100A8, and S100A12. SLURP1+ KC was characterized by elevated expression levels of IL-36G, SLURP1, and S100A12. Meanwhile, in the stratum granulosum, KRT1+ KG highly expressed SLURP1, S100A7, S100A8, and S100A9, while DEFB4B expression was upregulated in PI3+ KG. Our findings indicated that subsets within the stratum corneum primarily participate in pathways related to MAPK, NOD-like receptors, HIF-1, cell senescence, and other crucial processes. In contrast, subsets in the stratum granulosum were predominantly associated with pathways involving MAPK, NOD-like receptors, HIF-1, Hippo, mTOR, and IL-17. CONCLUSION These findings not only uncover the keratinocyte subsets linked to psoriasis but also unveil the molecular mechanisms and related signaling pathways that drive psoriasis development. This knowledge opens new horizons for the development of innovative clinical treatment strategies for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianya Zhao
- First Clinical Medical CollegeGansu University of Chinese MedicineLanzhouGansuChina
- Department of DermatologyGansu Provincial HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Yan Wu
- First Clinical Medical CollegeGansu University of Chinese MedicineLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Xianwei Wu
- First Clinical Medical CollegeGansu University of Chinese MedicineLanzhouGansuChina
- Department of DermatologyGansu Provincial HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Meng Liu
- First Clinical Medical CollegeGansu University of Chinese MedicineLanzhouGansuChina
- Department of DermatologyGansu Provincial HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Lisheng Nan
- First Clinical Medical CollegeGansu University of Chinese MedicineLanzhouGansuChina
- Department of DermatologyGansu Provincial HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
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26
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Yamanaka K. New treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum and hidradenitis suppurativa: A review. J Dermatol 2024; 51:172-179. [PMID: 38009911 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.17031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) and hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) are stubborn inflammatory skin diseases categorized as neutrophilic hypodermal dermatoses. These conditions exhibit connections with other autoinflammatory disorders driven by immune responses. Their pathogenesis is complex, rooted in significant imbalances in both innate and adaptive immune systems, particularly featuring elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-8, IL-17, and IL-23. Studies involving skin tissue pathology and serology have indicated that targeting specific cytokines can bring therapeutic benefits. Indeed, many patients in clinical settings have responded positively to such interventions. Yet, given the diverse cytokines in play, focusing on a single one with antibody therapy might not always be effective. When resistance to biologics emerges, a combined approach targeting multiple overactive cytokines with immunosuppressants, for example cyclosporine and Janus kinase inhibitors, could be an option. In the current review, we explore recent therapeutic developments for PG and HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Yamanaka
- Department of Dermatology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
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27
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Wang K, You X, Qu Z, Che D, Cao X. Livin is protective in UVB-induced skin photodamage by regulating keratinocyte activation and inflammatory responses. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18124. [PMID: 38332512 PMCID: PMC10853578 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
UVB radiation can lead to skin photodamage, which might arise from keratinocyte (KC) activation. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) assumes an essential function in the context of UVB-triggered skin photodamage. Initiating the NF-κB cascade leads to the release of inflammatory factors from KCs. Livin can modulate both KC activation and function, yet it remains uncertain whether and how Livin regulates KC activation induced by UVB. To explore the involvement of Livin in UVB-triggered skin photodamage and its impact on skin damage through NF-κB activation. Immunofluorescence staining was used to analyse the expression of Livin in individuals with skin photodamage and in mice treated with UVB radiation. KC-specific Livin knockout (LivinΔKC ) mice and HaCaT cells with Livin knockdown were employed to examine the function of Livin in regulating KC activation induced by UVB radiation. Additionally, the impact of Livin on the NF-κB cascade during KC activation was confirmed via western blot analysis. In patients with skin photodamage, UVB-treated mice and HaCaT cells, Livin expression was reduced in KCs. LivinΔKC mice displayed heightened sensitivity to UVB radiation, resulting in more pronounced skin damage and inflammatory responses compared to the control Livinfl/fl mice. Following UVB exposure, both LivinΔKC mice and Livin-knockdown HaCaT cells released elevated levels of cytokines compared to their respective controls. Moreover, the UVB-induced activation of NF-κB in HaCaT cells was significantly enhanced following Livin knockdown. Our findings propose that Livin within KCs could contribute to reducing UVB-induced skin photodamage by regulating the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijie Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The 1st affiliated hospital, Jiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Xiaolan You
- Department of Dermatology, The 1st affiliated hospital, Jiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Zhenri Qu
- Department of Dermatology, The 1st affiliated hospital, Jiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Delu Che
- Department of DermatologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xianwei Cao
- Department of Dermatology, The 1st affiliated hospital, Jiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
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28
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Wang Y, Han D, Huang Y, Dai Y, Wang Y, Liu M, Wang N, Yin T, Du W, He K, Zheng Y. Oral administration of punicalagin attenuates imiquimod-induced psoriasis by reducing ROS generation and inflammation via MAPK/ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Phytother Res 2024; 38:713-726. [PMID: 38009260 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis, an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease, imposes a huge mental and physical burden on patients and severely affects their quality of life. Punicalagin (PU), the most abundant ellagitannin in pomegranates, has become a research hotspot owing to its diverse biological activities. However, its effects on psoriasis remain unclear. We explored the impact and molecular mechanism of PU on M5-stimulated keratinocyte cell lines and imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in BABL/c mice using western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescent. Administration of PU-enriched pomegranate extract at dosages of 150 and 250 mg/kg/day markedly attenuated psoriatic severity, abrogated splenomegaly, and reduced IMQ-induced abnormal epidermal proliferation, CD4+ T-cell infiltration, and inflammatory factor expression. Moreover, PU could decrease expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-23A, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), followed by keratinocyte proliferation inhibition in the M5-stimulated cell line model of inflammation through inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular regulated protein kinases (MAPK/ERK) and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Our results indicate that PU may serve as a promising nutritional intervention for psoriasis by ameliorating cellular oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingjian Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yilin Dai
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tingyi Yin
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenqian Du
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke He
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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29
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Bigliardi P, Junnarkar S, Markale C, Lo S, Bigliardi E, Kalyuzhny A, Ong S, Dunn R, Wahli W, Bigliardi-Qi M. The Opioid Receptor Influences Circadian Rhythms in Human Keratinocytes through the β-Arrestin Pathway. Cells 2024; 13:232. [PMID: 38334624 PMCID: PMC10854934 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The recent emphasis on circadian rhythmicity in critical skin cell functions related to homeostasis, regeneration and aging has shed light on the importance of the PER2 circadian clock gene as a vital antitumor gene. Furthermore, delta-opioid receptors (DOPrs) have been identified as playing a crucial role in skin differentiation, proliferation and migration, which are not only essential for wound healing but also contribute to cancer development. In this study, we propose a significant association between cutaneous opioid receptor (OPr) activity and circadian rhythmicity. To investigate this link, we conducted a 48 h circadian rhythm experiment, during which RNA samples were collected every 5 h. We discovered that the activation of DOPr by its endogenous agonist Met-Enkephalin in N/TERT-1 keratinocytes, synchronized by dexamethasone, resulted in a statistically significant 5.6 h delay in the expression of the core clock gene PER2. Confocal microscopy further confirmed the simultaneous nuclear localization of the DOPr-β-arrestin-1 complex. Additionally, DOPr activation not only enhanced but also induced a phase shift in the rhythmic binding of β-arrestin-1 to the PER2 promoter. Furthermore, we observed that β-arrestin-1 regulates the transcription of its target genes, including PER2, by facilitating histone-4 acetylation. Through the ChIP assay, we determined that Met-Enkephalin enhances β-arrestin-1 binding to acetylated H4 in the PER2 promoter. In summary, our findings suggest that DOPr activation leads to a phase shift in PER2 expression via β-arrestin-1-facilitated chromatin remodeling. Consequently, these results indicate that DOPr, much like its role in wound healing, may also play a part in cancer development by influencing PER2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bigliardi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (C.M.)
- Stem Cell Institue, McGuire Translational Research Facility, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Seetanshu Junnarkar
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore; (S.J.); (S.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Chinmay Markale
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (C.M.)
- Stem Cell Institue, McGuire Translational Research Facility, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sydney Lo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (C.M.)
- Stem Cell Institue, McGuire Translational Research Facility, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Elena Bigliardi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (C.M.)
- Stem Cell Institue, McGuire Translational Research Facility, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Alex Kalyuzhny
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Sheena Ong
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore; (S.J.); (S.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Ray Dunn
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore; (S.J.); (S.O.); (R.D.)
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore;
| | - Walter Wahli
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore;
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1331, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ToxAlim, 31000 Toulouse, France
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mei Bigliardi-Qi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (C.M.)
- Stem Cell Institue, McGuire Translational Research Facility, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Siegfreid J, Crampton A, Saghazadeh S, Christensen R, Notbohm J, Bjork J, Baker B. An integrative biology approach to understanding keratinocyte collective migration as stimulated by bioglass. Integr Biol (Camb) 2024; 16:zyae008. [PMID: 38516930 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
A critical phase of wound healing is the coordinated movement of keratinocytes. To this end, bioglasses show promise in speeding healing in hard tissues and skin wounds. Studies suggest that bioglass materials may promote wound healing by inducing positive cell responses in proliferation, growth factor production, expression of angiogenic factors, and migration. Precise details of how bioglass may stimulate migration are unclear, however, because the common assays for studying migration in wound healing focus on simplified outputs like rate of migration or total change in wound area. These outputs are limited in that they represent the average behavior of the collective, with no connection between the motion of the individual cells and the collective wound healing response. There is a need to apply more refined tools that identify how the motion of the individual cells changes in response to perturbations, such as by bioglass, and in turn affects motion of the cell collective. Here, we apply an integrative biology strategy that combines an in vitro wound healing assay using primary neonatal human keratinocytes with time lapse microscopy and quantitative image analysis. The resulting data set provides the cell velocity field, from which we define key metrics that describe cooperative migration phenotypes. Treatment with growth factors led to faster single-cell speeds compared to control, but the migration was not cooperative, with cells breaking away from their neighbors and migrating as individuals. Treatment with calcium or bioglass led to migration phenotypes that were highly collective, with greater coordination in space compared to control. We discuss the link between bioglass treatment and observed increases in free calcium ions that are hypothesized to promote these distinct coordinated behaviors in primary keratinocytes. These findings have been enabled by the unique descriptors developed through applying image analysis to interpret biological response in migration models. Insight Box/Paragraph Statement: Bioglasses are important materials for tissue engineering and have more recently shown promise in skin and wound healing by mechanisms tied to their unique ionic properties. The precise details, however, of how cell migration may be affected by bioglass are left unclear by traditional cell assay methods. The following describes the integration of migration assays of keratinocytes, cells critical for skin and wound healing, with the tools of time lapse microscopy and image analysis to generate a quantitative description of coordinated, tissue-like migration behavior, stimulated by bioglass, that would not have been accessible without the combination of these analytical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Siegfreid
- Biosciences, Corporate Research Materials Laboratory, 3M, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Ali Crampton
- Biosciences, Corporate Research Materials Laboratory, 3M, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Saghi Saghazadeh
- Biosciences, Corporate Research Materials Laboratory, 3M, St Paul, MN, USA
| | | | - Jacob Notbohm
- Departments Engineering Physics and Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jason Bjork
- Biosciences, Corporate Research Materials Laboratory, 3M, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Bryan Baker
- Biosciences, Corporate Research Materials Laboratory, 3M, St Paul, MN, USA
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Huang Y, Wang Y, Zhen Y, Liu W, Wang Y, Wang R, Wang N, Huang S, Yan J, Sun Q. LPCAT1 facilitates keratinocyte hyperproliferation and skin inflammation in psoriasis via regulating GLUT3. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00023-X. [PMID: 38246582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disorder characterized by keratinocyte hyperproliferation and immune cell infiltration. Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) has been identified as a cancer promoter in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by us, yet its role in psoriasis remains elusive. In this study, we report that LPCAT1 is highly expressed in psoriatic skin lesions. LPCAT1 promotes keratinocyte hyperproliferation and enhances the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, CXCL10, CCL20, S100A9, and platelet-activating factor (PAF). In psoriasiform keratinocytes, LPCAT1 promotes proliferation and inflammatory mediator production by activating protein kinase B/NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways. Furthermore, LPCAT1 inhibition attenuated epidermal hyperplasia and relieved skin inflammation in imiquimod (IMQ)-treated mice. Importantly, we identify the glucose transporter GLUT3, a recently reported promising target to mitigate Th17-cell-mediated inflammatory diseases, as a critical downstream effector of LPCAT1. GLUT3 deficiency impaired the proliferation and inflammation of psoriatic keratinocytes. LPCAT1 regulates GLUT3 in keratinocytes via NF-κB/STAT3 signaling, enhancing keratinocyte glycolysis and promoting pro-proliferative and proinflammatory effects. In addition, suppressing GLUT3 in mice alleviated IMQ-induced dermatitis. Taken together, our study indicates the critical role of the LPCAT1-GLUT3 axis in psoriasis pathogenesis and proposes LPCAT1 or GLUT3 as a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjian Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuqian Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunyue Zhen
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wancheng Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruijie Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianjun Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qing Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Dainichi T, Matsumoto R, Sakurai K, Kabashima K. Necessary and sufficient factors of keratinocytes in psoriatic dermatitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1326219. [PMID: 38312837 PMCID: PMC10834637 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1326219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Teruki Dainichi
- Department of Dermatology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Miki-cho, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Reiko Matsumoto
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakurai
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Skin Research Laboratories (ASRL), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
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Erbacher C, Britz S, Dinkel P, Klein T, Sauer M, Stigloher C, Üçeyler N. Interaction of human keratinocytes and nerve fiber terminals at the neuro-cutaneous unit. eLife 2024; 13:e77761. [PMID: 38225894 PMCID: PMC10791129 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, peripheral sensory neurons are assumed as the exclusive transducers of external stimuli. Current research moves epidermal keratinocytes into focus as sensors and transmitters of nociceptive and non-nociceptive sensations, tightly interacting with intraepidermal nerve fibers at the neuro-cutaneous unit. In animal models, epidermal cells establish close contacts and ensheath sensory neurites. However, ultrastructural morphological and mechanistic data examining the human keratinocyte-nerve fiber interface are sparse. We investigated this exact interface in human skin applying super-resolution array tomography, expansion microscopy, and structured illumination microscopy. We show keratinocyte ensheathment of afferents and adjacent connexin 43 contacts in native skin and have applied a pipeline based on expansion microscopy to quantify these parameter in skin sections of healthy participants versus patients with small fiber neuropathy. We further derived a fully human co-culture system, visualizing ensheathment and connexin 43 plaques in vitro. Unraveling human intraepidermal nerve fiber ensheathment and potential interaction sites advances research at the neuro-cutaneous unit. These findings are crucial on the way to decipher the mechanisms of cutaneous nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastian Britz
- Imaging Core Facility, Biocenter, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Philine Dinkel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Thomas Klein
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Markus Sauer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | | | - Nurcan Üçeyler
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
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Tang S, Hu H, Li M, Zhang K, Wu Q, Liu X, Wu L, Yu B, Chen X. OPN promotes pro-inflammatory cytokine expression via ERK/JNK pathway and M1 macrophage polarization in Rosacea. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1285951. [PMID: 38250077 PMCID: PMC10796667 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1285951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that involves dysregulation of innate and adaptive immune systems. Osteopontin (OPN) is a phosphorylated glycoprotein produced by a broad range of immune cells such as macrophages, keratinocytes, and T cells. However, the role of OPN in rosacea remains to be elucidated. In this study, it was found that OPN expression was significantly upregulated in rosacea patients and LL37-induced rosacea-like skin inflammation. Transcriptome sequencing results indicated that OPN regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines and promoted macrophage polarization towards M1 phenotype in rosacea-like skin inflammation. In vitro, it was demonstrated that intracellular OPN (iOPN) promoted LL37-induced IL1B production through ERK1/2 and JNK pathways in keratinocytes. Moreover, secreted OPN (sOPN) played an important role in keratinocyte-macrophage crosstalk. In conclusion, sOPN and iOPN were identified as key regulators of the innate immune system and played different roles in the pathogenesis of rosacea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Tang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University - The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University - The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Manhui Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University - The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaoyuan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Greater Bay Biomedical Innocenter, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University - The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaofan Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University - The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Zheng J, Wang H, Wang J, Peng Z, Yao X, Weber HC, Qin X, Xiang Y, Liu C, Ji M, Liu H, Qu X. Bombesin receptor-activated protein homolog deficiency altered the pattern of pathological changes of psoriasis - like skin lesion in mice. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21:357-368. [PMID: 38169666 PMCID: PMC10758153 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.89492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the potential role of the mouse homolog of bombesin receptor-activated protein (BRAP) in imiquimod (IMQ) induced psoriasis - like skin inflammation. The expression of both human BRAP, encoded by C6orf89, and its mouse homolog, encoded by BC004004, has been found to be expressed abundantly in the keratinocytes. BC004004 knockout mice (BC004004-/-) were topically treated with IMQ daily for 7 days to test whether they were more vulnerable to psoriasis - like inflammation. We found that those mice exhibited an altered pattern of inflammation process compared to isogenic wild type control mice (BC004004+/+). BC004004-/- mice developed skin lesions with earlier and more acute onset, as well as a quicker remission. The cytokines related to pathogenesis of psoriasis also exhibited different expression patterns in IMQ treated BC004004-/- mice. On day 4 of IMQ treatment, BC004004-/- mice exhibited a higher expression level of IL-17A compared to BC004004+/+ mice, suggesting a more robust activation of Th17 cells in the knockout mice. The serum level of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), one of the keratinocyte derived cytokines, was also increased in BC004004-/- mice and reached its peak on day 4. Knockdown of BRAP in cultured human keratinocyte-derived HaCaT cells by siRNA silencing led to increased release of TSLP. Our data suggest that the elevated of level of TSLP released from keratinocytes due to BRAP deficiency might mediate the crosstalk between the epidermal cells and immune cells and thereby contributing to the altered pathological changes observed in psoriasis - like skin lesion in knockout mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyun Zheng
- Department of physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi Peng
- Department of physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xueping Yao
- Department of physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- Functional Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, China
| | - Horst Christian Weber
- Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Xiaoqun Qin
- Department of physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Ji
- Department of physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Department of physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangping Qu
- Department of physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
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Wiegand C, Dirksen A, Tittelbach J. Treatment with a red-laser-based wound therapy device exerts positive effects in models of delayed keratinocyte and fibroblast wound healing. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2024; 40:e12926. [PMID: 37957888 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Light therapy is widely used in medicine. Specifically, photobiomodulation has been shown to exert beneficial effects in wound healing disorders, which present a major challenge in health care. The study's aim was providing information on the effect of a novel, red-laser-based wound therapy device (WTD) on keratinocytes and fibroblasts during wound healing under optimal and non-optimal conditions. METHODS The scratch wound assay was employed as a wound healing model for mechanical damage with readjustment of specific cell milieus, explicitly chronic TH1 inflammation and TH2-dominant conditions. Furthermore, gene expression analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1A, IL6, CXCL8), growth factors (TGFB1, PDGFC), transcription factors (NFKB1, TP53) and heat shock proteins (HSP90AA1, HSPA1A, HSPD1) as well as desmogleins (DSG1, DSG3) in keratinocytes and collagen (COL1A1, COL3A1) in fibroblasts was performed after WTD treatment. RESULTS It was shown that WTD treatment is biocompatible and supports scratch wound closure under non-optimal conditions. A distinct enhancement of desmoglein and collagen gene expression as well as induction of early growth factor gene expression was observed under chronic inflammatory conditions. Moreover, WTD increased HSPD1 transcript levels in keratinocytes and augmented collagen expression in fibroblasts during wound healing under TH2 conditions. WTD treatment also alleviated the inflammatory response in keratinocytes and induced early growth factor gene expression in fibroblasts under physiological conditions. CONCLUSION Positive effects described for wound treatment with WTD could be replicated in vitro and seem to be to be conferred by a direct influence on cellular processes taking place in keratinocytes and fibroblasts during wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Wiegand
- Department of Dermatology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Tittelbach
- Department of Dermatology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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Tóth KF, Ádám D, Arany J, Ramirez YA, Bíró T, Drake JI, O'Mahony A, Szöllősi AG, Póliska S, Kilić A, Soeberdt M, Abels C, Oláh A. Fluoxetine exerts anti-inflammatory effects on human epidermal keratinocytes and suppresses their endothelin release. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14988. [PMID: 38284184 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Fluoxetine is a safe antidepressant with remarkable anti-inflammatory actions; therefore, we aimed to investigate its effects on immortalized (HaCaT) as well as primary human epidermal keratinocytes in a polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (p(I:C))-induced inflammatory model. We found that a non-cytotoxic concentration (MTT-assay, CyQUANT-assay) of fluoxetine significantly suppressed p(I:C)-induced expression and release of several pro-inflammatory cytokines (Q-PCR, cytokine array, ELISA), and it decreased the release of the itch mediator endothelins (ELISA). These effects were not mediated by the inhibition of the NF-κB or p38 MAPK pathways (western blot), or by the suppression of the p(I:C)-induced elevation of mitochondrial ROS production (MitoSOX Red labeling). Instead, unbiased activity profiling revealed that they were most likely mediated via the inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. Importantly, the PI3K-inhibitor GDC0941 fully mimicked the effects of fluoxetine (Q-PCR, ELISA). Although fluoxetine was able to occupy the binding site of GDC0941 (in silico molecular docking), and exerted direct inhibitory effect on PI3K (cell-free PI3K activity assay), it exhibited much lower potency and efficacy as compared to GDC0941. Finally, RNA-Seq analysis revealed that fluoxetine deeply influenced the transcriptional alterations induced by p(I:C)-treatment, and exerted an overall anti-inflammatory activity. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that fluoxetine exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects, and suppresses the release of the endogenous itch mediator endothelins in human keratinocytes, most likely via interfering with the PI3K pathway. Thus, clinical studies are encouraged to explore whether the currently reported beneficial effects translate in vivo following its topical administration in inflammatory and pruritic dermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Fanni Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- University of Debrecen, Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Ádám
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- University of Debrecen, Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Arany
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- University of Debrecen, Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Yesid A Ramirez
- Design and Applied Sciences, School of Applied Sciences and Sustainable Industry, Department of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
- Cannaflos-Gesellschaft für medizinisches Cannabis mbH, Köln, Germany
| | - Tamás Bíró
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Alison O'Mahony
- Eurofins Discovery, St. Charles, Missouri, USA
- Recursion, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Attila Gábor Szöllősi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ana Kilić
- Dr. August Wolff GmbH & Co. KG Arzneimittel, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Michael Soeberdt
- Dr. August Wolff GmbH & Co. KG Arzneimittel, Bielefeld, Germany
- Bionorica SE, Neumarkt, Germany
| | - Christoph Abels
- Dr. August Wolff GmbH & Co. KG Arzneimittel, Bielefeld, Germany
- Bionorica SE, Neumarkt, Germany
| | - Attila Oláh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Liu Y, Huang W, Yang K, Du X, Guo X, Cao Y. The expression and significance of PD-L1 in condyloma acuminatum. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13558. [PMID: 38186053 PMCID: PMC10772475 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is highly expressed in cells during viral infection, which helps the virus escape host immunity. However, the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) and PD-L1 in condyloma acuminatum and whether they participate in immunosuppression have not been reported. In this paper, we aimed to explore the expression and significance of PD-L1 in condyloma acuminatum. METHODS The expression of PD-L1 in the wart of condyloma acuminatum patients and the foreskin of healthy individuals was evaluated. Lentivirus transfection was used to introduce the HPV11-E7 gene into HaCaT cells to investigate whether HPV infection could affect the expression of PD-L1. The successfully constructed HPV11-E7 HaCaT cells were cocultured with Jurkat cells, and Jurkat cell apoptosis and proliferation as well as the Jurkat cell cycle were evaluated by flow cytometry and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. RESULTS PD-L1 was highly expressed in keratinocytes of genital warts. Through the construction of a cell model, we found that HPV11-E7 could upregulate the expression of PD-L1 in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, HPV11-E7 HaCaT cells can promote the apoptosis of Jurkat cells, inhibit the proliferation of Jurkat cells and mediate the cell cycle arrest of Jurkat cells through the PD-1/PD-L1 signalling pathway. CONCLUSIONS HPV infection may upregulate PD-L1 expression in the keratinocytes of genital warts and participate in the inhibition of local T-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Liu
- Department of DermatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Weiqi Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineUnion Jiangbei HospitalHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of DermatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xiangxi Du
- Department of DermatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xueyun Guo
- Department of DermatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yuchun Cao
- Department of DermatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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Li H, Zhu L, Weng Z, Fu H, Liu J, Mao Q, Li W, Ding B, Cao Y. Sesamin attenuates UVA-induced keratinocyte injury via inhibiting ASK-1-JNK/p38 MAPK pathways. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:316-325. [PMID: 37545137 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet (UV) exposure-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in keratinocytes is a crucial factor in skin aging. Phytochemicals have become widely popular for protecting the skin from UV-induced cell injury. Sesamin (SSM) has been shown to play a role in extensive pharmacological activity and exhibit photoprotective effects. AIM To assess the protective effect of SSM on UVA-irradiated keratinocytes and determine its potential antiphotoaging effect. METHODS HaCaT keratinocytes pretreated with SSM were exposed to UVA radiation at 8 J/cm2 for 10 min. Cell viability and oxidative stress indicators were evaluated using a cell counting kit-8 and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay kits. Apoptosis and intracellular ROS levels were analyzed using annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propyridine iodide and dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate staining, respectively. Protein levels of matrix metalloprotein-1 (MMP-1), MMP-9, Bax/Bcl-2, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway proteins, phospho-apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1 (p-ASK-1)/ASK-1, phospho-c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (p-JNK)/JNK, and p-p38/p38 were determined using western blotting. RESULTS Sesamin showed no cytotoxicity until 160 μmol/L on human keratinocytes. Sesamin pretreatment (20 and 40 μM) reversed the suppressed cell viability, increased LDH release and MDA content, decreased cellular antioxidants GSH and SOD, and elevated intracellular ROS levels, which were induced by UVA irradiation. Additionally, SSM inhibited the expression of Bax, MMP-1, and MMP-9 and stimulated Bcl-2 expression. In terms of the regulatory mechanisms, we demonstrated that SSM inhibits the phosphorylation of ASK-1, JNK, and p38. CONCLUSION The results suggest that SSM attenuates UVA-induced keratinocyte injury by inhibiting the ASK-1-JNK/p38 MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Li
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijian Zhu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Weng
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangjie Fu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyuan Liu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Mao
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxia Li
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Ding
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Jang YN, Lee JO, Lee JM, Park AY, Kim YJ, Kim SY, Seok J, Yoo KH, Kim BJ. Exosomes derived from human dermal fibroblasts (HDFn-Ex) alleviate DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) via PPARα. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14970. [PMID: 37975541 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Skin barrier dysfunction is the initial step in the development of AD. Recently, exosomes have been considered as potential cell-free medicine for skin defects such as aging, psoriasis and wounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of human dermal fibroblast-neonatal-derived exosome (HDFn-Ex) on AD. HDFn-Ex increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) and alleviated the 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-mediated downregulation of filaggrin, involucrin, loricrin, hyaluronic acid synthase 1 (HAS1) and HAS2 in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. However, these effects were inhibited by the PPARα antagonist GW6471. In the artificial skin model, HDFn-Ex significantly inhibited DNCB-induced epidermal hyperplasia and the decrease in filaggrin and HAS1 levels via a PPARα. In the DNCB-induced AD-like mouse model, HDFn-Ex administration reduced epidermis thickening and mast cell infiltration into the dermis compared to DNCB treatment. Moreover, the decreases in PPARα, filaggrin and HAS1 expression, as well as the increases in IgE and IL4 levels induced by DNCB treatment were reversed by HDFn-Ex. These effects were blocked by pre-treatment with GW6471. Furthermore, HDFn-Ex exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the DNCB-induced increases in IκBα phosphorylation and TNF-α expression. Collectively, HDFn-Ex exhibited a protective effect on AD. Notably, these effects were regulated by PPARα. Based on our results, we suggest that HDFn-Ex is a potential candidate for treating AD by recovering skin barrier dysfunction and exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Na Jang
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Ok Lee
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Min Lee
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A Yeon Park
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Young Kim
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon Seok
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwang Ho Yoo
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Gwang-Myeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Ramey-Ward AN, Walthall HP, Smith S, Barrows TH. Human keratin matrices promote wound healing by modulating skin cell expression of cytokines and growth factors. Wound Repair Regen 2023. [PMID: 38111086 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
A wide variety of biomaterials has been developed to assist in wound healing, including acellular animal and human-derived protein matrices. However, millions of patients worldwide still suffer from non-healing chronic wounds, demonstrating a need for further innovation in wound care. To address this need, a novel biomaterial, the human keratin matrix (HKM), was developed, characterised, and tested in vitro and in vivo. HKM was found to be degradation-resistant, and a proteomics analysis showed it to be greater than 99% human keratin proteins. PCR revealed adult human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKa) grown in contact with HKM showed increased gene expression of keratinocyte activations markers such as Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF). Additionally, a cytokine microarray demonstrated culture on HKM increased the release of cytokines involved in wound inflammatory modulation by both HEKa cells and adult human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa). Finally, in a murine chronic wound model, full-thickness wounds treated weekly with HKM were smaller through the healing process than those treated with human amniotic membrane (AM), bovine dermis (BD), or porcine decellularized small intestinal submucosa (SIS). HKM-treated wounds also closed significantly faster than AM- and SIS-treated wounds. These data suggest that HKM is an effective novel treatment for chronic wounds.
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Zou DD, Sun YZ, Li XJ, Wu WJ, Xu D, He YT, Qi J, Tu Y, Tang Y, Tu YH, Wang XL, Li X, Lu FY, Huang L, Long H, He L, Li X. Single-cell sequencing highlights heterogeneity and malignant progression in actinic keratosis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. eLife 2023; 12:e85270. [PMID: 38099574 PMCID: PMC10783873 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most frequent of the keratinocyte-derived malignancies with actinic keratosis (AK) as a precancerous lesion. To comprehensively delineate the underlying mechanisms for the whole progression from normal skin to AK to invasive cSCC, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to acquire the transcriptomes of 138,982 cells from 13 samples of six patients including AK, squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCCIS), cSCC, and their matched normal tissues, covering comprehensive clinical courses of cSCC. We identified diverse cell types, including important subtypes with different gene expression profiles and functions in major keratinocytes. In SCCIS, we discovered the malignant subtypes of basal cells with differential proliferative and migration potential. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis screened out multiple key driver genes including transcription factors along AK to cSCC progression. Immunohistochemistry (IHC)/immunofluorescence (IF) experiments and single-cell ATAC sequencing (scATAC-seq) data verified the expression changes of these genes. The functional experiments confirmed the important roles of these genes in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in cSCC tumor. Furthermore, we comprehensively described the tumor microenvironment (TME) landscape and potential keratinocyte-TME crosstalk in cSCC providing theoretical basis for immunotherapy. Together, our findings provide a valuable resource for deciphering the progression from AK to cSCC and identifying potential targets for anticancer treatment of cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zou
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityYunnanChina
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, KunmingYunnanChina
| | - Ya-Zhou Sun
- Clinical Big Data Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen, GuangdongChina
- School of Medical, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen, GuangdongChina
| | - Xin-Jie Li
- School of Medical, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen, GuangdongChina
| | - Wen-Juan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityYunnanChina
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityYunnanChina
| | - Yu-Tong He
- School of Medical, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen, GuangdongChina
| | - Jue Qi
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityYunnanChina
| | - Ying Tu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityYunnanChina
| | - Yang Tang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityYunnanChina
| | - Yun-Hua Tu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityYunnanChina
| | - Xiao-Li Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Dermatology, People's Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, ChuxiongYunnanChina
| | - Feng-Yan Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of QujingYunnanChina
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, DaliYunnanChina
| | - Heng Long
- Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Dermatology Clinic, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Specialist Hospital of Dermatology, WenshanYunnanChina
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityYunnanChina
| | - Xin Li
- School of Medical, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen, GuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdongChina
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Ghaffarinia A, Póliska S, Ayaydin F, Goblos A, Parvaneh S, Manczinger M, Balogh F, Erdei L, Veréb Z, Szabó K, Bata-Csörgő Z, Kemény L. Unraveling Transcriptome Profile, Epigenetic Dynamics, and Morphological Changes in Psoriasis-like Keratinocytes: "Insights into Similarity with Psoriatic Lesional Epidermis". Cells 2023; 12:2825. [PMID: 38132145 PMCID: PMC10741855 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratinocytes are one of the primary cells affected by psoriasis inflammation. Our study aimed to delve deeper into their morphology, transcriptome, and epigenome changes in response to psoriasis-like inflammation. We created a novel cytokine mixture to mimic mild and severe psoriasis-like inflammatory conditions in cultured keratinocytes. Upon induction of inflammation, we observed that the keratinocytes exhibited a mesenchymal-like phenotype, further confirmed by increased VIM mRNA expression and results obtained from confocal microscopy. We performed RNA sequencing to achieve a more global view, revealing 858 and 6987 DEGs in mildly and severely inflamed keratinocytes, respectively. Surprisingly, we found that the transcriptome of mildly inflamed keratinocytes more closely mimicked that of the psoriatic epidermis transcriptome than the severely inflamed keratinocytes. Genes involved in the IL-17 pathway were a major contributor to the similarities of the transcriptomes between mildly inflamed KCs and psoriatic epidermis. Mild and severe inflammation led to the gene regulation of epigenetic modifiers such as HATs, HDACs, DNMTs, and TETs. Immunofluorescence staining revealed distinct 5-hmC patterns in inflamed versus control keratinocytes, and consistently low 5-mC intensity in both groups. However, the global DNA methylation assay detected a tendency of decreased 5-mC levels in inflamed keratinocytes versus controls. This study emphasizes how inflammation severity affects the transcriptomic similarity of keratinocytes to psoriatic epidermis and proves dynamic epigenetic regulation and adaptive morphological changes in inflamed keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Ghaffarinia
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Ferhan Ayaydin
- HCEMM-USZ Functional Cell Biology and Immunology, Advanced Core Facility, H-6728 Szeged, Hungary;
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Aniko Goblos
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (Z.V.)
| | - Shahram Parvaneh
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory (HECRIN), Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Máté Manczinger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Systems Immunology Research Group, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- HCEMM-Systems Immunology Research Group, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fanni Balogh
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lilla Erdei
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Veréb
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (Z.V.)
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory (HECRIN), Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Szabó
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bata-Csörgő
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Khamdan F, Dirr MA, Sagut P, Brailsford CJ, Williams JA, Nietert PJ, Elston DM. Cytologic atypia of benign inflammatory versus neoplastic cutaneous squamous lesions. J Cutan Pathol 2023; 50:1070-1077. [PMID: 37730204 PMCID: PMC10685324 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytologic atypia encompasses several features of abnormal cellular morphology. We sought to quantify these features in benign and premalignant/malignant squamous cell lesions to better characterize criteria for malignancy. METHODS We conducted a rater-blinded observational study in which histopathology slides were evaluated under light microscopy, and the presence and relative quantity of 24 distinct cytological features were recorded, along with respective diagnoses. Each slide was evaluated, and the ratings were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS The most helpful findings, whose presence in high numbers indicates an increased likelihood that the tissue sample is premalignant/malignant, were: (1) pleomorphic parakeratosis; (2) pleomorphic nuclei in the epithelium; (3) irregular nuclei; (4) thick refractile nuclear envelope; (5) presence of nuclear hyperchromasia (dark gray); (6) peripheral nucleoli; and (7) nucleolar stems. Higher values of round or oval nuclear shape and vesicular nuclei increase the likelihood that the tissue sample is benign. CONCLUSIONS Certain nuclear features have a higher association with premalignancy/malignancy and may guide histologic evaluation of a given lesion. These findings can be used in combination with architectural features and clinical history to add to a complete diagnostic picture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatema Khamdan
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - McKenzie A. Dirr
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Pelin Sagut
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | | | - Jacob A. Williams
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Paul J. Nietert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Dirk M. Elston
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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Lou Z, Li C, Yu D, Wang J, Chen Z, Yin S. Comparison of healing of acute total tympanic membrane perforation between rats with and without excision of the mallear handle. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2023; 8:1648-1656. [PMID: 38130269 PMCID: PMC10731538 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We compared the histological changes and hearing restoration during the healing of acute total tympanic membrane (TM) perforations between Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with and without excision of the mallear handle. Materials and methods Bilateral, acute, and total TM perforations were created in 36 male SD rats. The mallear handle was preserved in the left ear (handle-preserved ear [HPE]) and excised from the right ear (handle-excised ear [HEE]). Endoscopical examination, auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds, histopathological, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis were performed. Results Endoscopic photographs showed that all perforations in the 18 SD rats were closed. The mean closure times were 6.83 ± 0.85 and 8.50 ± 0.71 days in the HPE and HEE groups, respectively (p < .001). SEM images showed radial arrangement of fiber bundles in a single direction in HPEs, although normal arrangement was not achieved. In contrast, HEEs showed disorganized arrangement. At 1 month after perforation closure, the ABR thresholds at high frequencies were significantly higher in the HEE group than in the HPE group (p = .029 and p = .017 for 16 and 32 kHz, respectively). Additionally, the changes in ABR threshold were significantly different at high frequencies (p = .011 and p = .017 for 16 and 32 kHz, respectively) before and 1 month after perforation closure between the HPE and HEE groups, although the differences were not statistically significant at the remaining frequencies. Conclusion Although the malleus handle may not affect the closure of total perforation in SD rats, it contributes to accelerate the perforation closure by possible guide the migration of proliferative epithelial cell on the upper halves of the annulus. Additionally, resection of the malleus handle impairs high frequency hearing recovery following spontaneous closure of the TM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Lou
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep MedicineShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Otolaryngological Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Lab Sleep Disordered BreathingShanghaiChina
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep MedicineShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Otolaryngological Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Lab Sleep Disordered BreathingShanghaiChina
| | - Dongzhen Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep MedicineShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Otolaryngological Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Lab Sleep Disordered BreathingShanghaiChina
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep MedicineShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Otolaryngological Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Lab Sleep Disordered BreathingShanghaiChina
| | - Zhengnong Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep MedicineShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Otolaryngological Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Lab Sleep Disordered BreathingShanghaiChina
| | - Shankai Yin
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery & Center of Sleep MedicineShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Otolaryngological Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Lab Sleep Disordered BreathingShanghaiChina
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Abstract
Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) transform a protein arginine residue into the non-standard amino acid citrulline. This calcium-dependent post-translational modification of proteins is called citrullination or deimination. As described in this special issue, PADs play a role in various physiological processes, and PAD deregulations are involved in many human diseases. Three PADs are expressed in the epidermis, where their roles begin to be deciphered. PAD1 and PAD3 are involved in keratinocyte differentiation, particularly in the epidermal barrier function, keratins, filaggrin and filaggrin-related proteins being the most abundant deiminated epidermal proteins. Reduced amounts of deiminated proteins and PAD1 expression may be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, two very frequent and chronic skin inflammatory diseases. The trichohyalin/PAD3/transglutaminase three pathway is important for hair shaft formation. Mutations of the PADI3 gene, leading to a decreased activity or abnormal localization of the corresponding isotype, are the cause of a rare hair disorder called uncombable hair syndrome, and are associated with the central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia, a frequent alopecia mainly affecting women of African ancestry. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'The virtues and vices of protein citrullination'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claire Méchin
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, University Paul Sabatier, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Simon
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, University Paul Sabatier, 31024 Toulouse, France
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Kok JML, Dowd GC, Cabral JD, Wise LM. Macrocystis pyrifera Lipids Reduce Cytokine-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Signalling and Barrier Dysfunction in Human Keratinocyte Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16383. [PMID: 38003573 PMCID: PMC10671590 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic condition where epidermal barrier dysfunction and cytokine production by infiltrating immune cells exacerbate skin inflammation and damage. A total lipid extract from Macrocystis pyrifera, a brown seaweed, was previously reported to suppress inflammatory responses in monocytes. Here, treatment of human HaCaT keratinocytes with M. pyrifera lipids inhibited tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α induced TNF receptor-associated factor 2 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 protein production. HaCaT cells stimulated with TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-13 showed loss of claudin-1 tight junctions, but little improvement was observed following lipid pre-treatment. Three-dimensional cultures of HaCaT cells differentiated at the air-liquid interface showed increased MCP-1 production, loss of claudin-1 tight junctions, and trans-epidermal leakage with TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-13 stimulation, with all parameters reduced by lipid pre-treatment. These findings suggest that M. pyrifera lipids have anti-inflammatory and barrier-protective effects on keratinocytes, which may be beneficial for the treatment of atopic dermatitis or other skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M. L. Kok
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Georgina C. Dowd
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nelson 7043, New Zealand;
| | - Jaydee D. Cabral
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Lyn M. Wise
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
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Dernovics Á, Seprényi G, Rázga Z, Ayaydin F, Veréb Z, Megyeri K. Phenol-Soluble Modulin α3 Stimulates Autophagy in HaCaT Keratinocytes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3018. [PMID: 38002017 PMCID: PMC10669503 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs) are pore-forming toxins (PFTs) produced by staphylococci. PSMs exert diverse cellular effects, including lytic, pro-apoptotic, pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial actions. Since the effects of PSMs on autophagy have not yet been reported, we evaluated the autophagic activity in HaCaT keratinocytes treated with recombinant PSMα3. METHODS The autophagic flux and levels of autophagic marker proteins were determined using Western blot analysis. Subcellular localization of LC3B and Beclin-1 was investigated using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. The ultrastructural features of control and PSMα3-treated cells were evaluated via transmission electron microscopy. Cytoplasmic acidification was measured via acridine orange staining. Phosphorylation levels of protein kinases, implicated in autophagy regulation, were studied using a phospho-kinase array and Western blot analysis. RESULTS PSMα3 facilitated the intracellular redistribution of LC3B, increased the average number of autophagosomes per cell, promoted the development of acidic vesicular organelles, elevated the levels of LC3B-II, stimulated autophagic flux and triggered a significant decrease in the net autophagic turnover rate. PSMα3 induced the accumulation of autophagosomes/autolysosomes, amphisomes and multilamellar bodies at the 0.5, 6 and 24 h time points, respectively. The phospho-Akt1/2/3 (T308 and S473), and phospho-mTOR (S2448) levels were decreased, whereas the phospho-Erk1/2 (T202/Y204 and T185/Y187) level was increased in PSMα3-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS In HaCaT keratinocytes, PSMα3 stimulates autophagy. The increased autophagic activity elicited by sub-lytic PSM concentrations might be an integral part of the cellular defense mechanisms protecting skin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Áron Dernovics
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - György Seprényi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Kossuth L. sgt. 40., H-6724 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Zsolt Rázga
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Állomás u. 2, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Ferhan Ayaydin
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM) Nonprofit Ltd., Római krt. 21., H-6723 Szeged, Hungary;
- Laboratory of Cellular Imaging, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Temesvári krt. 62., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Veréb
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Korányi Fasor 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Biobank, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Research Development and Innovation Center of Excellence, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Klára Megyeri
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
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Abstract
In the past, psoriasis was considered a skin disease caused only by keratinocyte disorders. However, the efficacy of immunosuppressive drugs and biologics used to treat psoriasis proves that psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease. Indeed, a variety of immune cells are involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, including dendritic cells, Th17 cells, and resident memory T cells. Furthermore, keratinocytes play a role in the development of psoriasis as immune cells by secreting antibacterial peptides, chemokines, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-36, and IL-23. These immune cells and skin cells interact and drive the aberrant differentiation and proliferation of keratinocytes. This crosstalk between keratinocytes and immune cells critical in the pathogenesis of psoriasis forms an inflammatory loop, resulting in the persistence or exacerbation of psoriasis plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yayoi Tada
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Lin L, Huang Z, Jianchi M, Guo Z, Shi Z, Tang Z, Guo Q, Xiong H. Artesunate alleviates psoriasis-like dermatitis by reducing interleukin-23 expression in tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced HaCaT cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:903-913. [PMID: 37635387 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Artesunate (ART), an antimalarial drug with a multifunctional immunomodulatory effect, reduces psoriasis disease. ART can alleviate psoriasis-like dermatitis in mice but has no effect on proinflammatory cytokines in the blood. Thus, we hypothesized that the skin might be the target tissue of ART during the treatment of psoriasis. The interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis has a key role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. However, whether and how ART manipulates the IL-23 signal during psoriasis is unknown. This study found that IL-23 is highly expressed in the epidermis of psoriasis lesions and positively correlated with histological neutrophil infiltration and clinical psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores. Furthermore, ART inhibits the migration and cell cycle, as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-induced IL-23 expression in HaCaT cells in a dose-dependent manner, probably through interference with the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway. Animal experiments in imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like mice model also suggested that ART dose-dependently reduces IL-23 in the epidermis and ameliorates neutrophil infiltration. These findings thus provide further molecular evidence supporting ART as a promising drug for psoriasis in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixian Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongzhou Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ma Jianchi
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixuan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenrui Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zengqi Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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